考研考博-英語(yǔ)-山東財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)東方學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-山東財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)東方學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Alltheevidence（）thathestolethemoney.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.recommends

B.proposes

C.suggests

D.advises

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)recommend“建議、推薦”，B項(xiàng)propose“建議、打算、求婚”，C項(xiàng)suggest“提議、顯示、暗示”，D項(xiàng)advise“勸告、忠告”；句意：所有的證據(jù)都顯示是他偷了錢。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Thewealthofacountryshouldbemeasured（）thehealthandhappinessofitspeopleaswellasthematerialgoodsitcanproduce.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inregardto

B.inlinewith

C.intermsof

D.bymeansof

【答案】C

【解析】考查短語(yǔ)。inregardto“關(guān)于”；inlinewith“符合，與……一致”；intermsof“依據(jù)，按照”；bymeansof“用，依靠”。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處后面的內(nèi)容是做方式狀語(yǔ)，因此從C與D選項(xiàng)中選，根據(jù)兩個(gè)詞組的意思，可知選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.單選題

Itishardformetosurviveinthepoliticalsnake（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hutch

B.hole

C.hive

D.pit

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定短語(yǔ)搭配。A選項(xiàng)hutch“籠；小屋；貯藏箱；礦車”；B選項(xiàng)hole“洞，孔；洞穴，穴；突破口”；C選項(xiàng)hive“蜂巢，蜂箱；蜂群；（喻）充滿繁忙人群的場(chǎng)所”；D選項(xiàng)pit“礦井；深坑；陷阱；凹陷；正廳后排；正廳后排的觀眾”。snakepit“蛇坑”，用來(lái)形容恐怖的地方，混亂的局面。句意：對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，在混亂的政治局面里求生存很艱難。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Hewouldhavefinishedhiscollegeeducation,buthe（

）toquitandfindajobtosupporthisfamily.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hadhad

B.has

C.had

D.wouldhave

【答案】C

【解析】句意:他本來(lái)會(huì)完成自己的大學(xué)教育，但是他卻不得不放棄，然后找一份工作來(lái)養(yǎng)家。

語(yǔ)法題考查一般過(guò)去吋態(tài)。由句中關(guān)鍵詞“wouldhavefinished本來(lái)會(huì)完成”表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的假設(shè),因此這里表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的描述，故C項(xiàng)“had（其為動(dòng)詞have的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)）”正確。

5.單選題

Someplantscontainsubstancesthatinterferewiththedigestiveprocessesofanimals.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.disrupt

B.encourage

C.augment

D.trigger

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。interferewith表示“干涉，妨礙”；A項(xiàng)disrupt“破壞，瓦解”，B項(xiàng)encourage“鼓勵(lì)”，C項(xiàng)argument“爭(zhēng)論”，D項(xiàng)trigger“引發(fā)，觸發(fā)”。句意：有些植物含有干擾動(dòng)物消化過(guò)程的物質(zhì)。根據(jù)句意該題選A。

6.單選題

Accordingtoanthropologists,peopleinpre-industrialsocietiesspent3to4hoursperdayorabout20hoursperweekdoingtheworknecessaryforlife.Moderncomparisonsoftheamountofworkperformedperweek,however,beginwiththeIndustrialRevolution（1760-1840）when10-to-12-hourworkdayswithsixworkdaysperweekwerethenorm.Even,withextensivetimedevotedtowork,however,bothincomesandstandardsoflivingwerelow.AsincomesroseneartheendoftheIndustrialRevolution,itbecameincreasinglycommontotreatSaturdayafternoonsasahalf-dayholiday.ThehalfholidayhadbecomestandardpracticeinBritainbythe1870’s,butdidnotbecomecommonintheUnitedStatesuntilthe1920’s.

IntheUnitedStates,thefirstthirdofthetwentiethcenturysawtheworkweekmovefrom60hoursperweektojustunder50hoursbythestartofthe19305s.In1914HenryFordreduceddailyworkhoursathisautomobileplantsfrom9to8.In1926heannouncedthathenceforthhisfactorieswouldclosefortheentiredayonSaturday.Atthetime,FordreceivedcriticismfromotherfirmssuchasUnitedStatesSteelandWestinghouse,buttheideawaspopularwithworkers.

TheDepressionyearsofthe1930havebroughtwiththemthenotionofjobsharingtospreadavailableworkaround;theworkweekdroppedtoamodemlowfortheUnitedStatesof35hours.In1938theFairLaborStandardsActmandatedaweeklymaximumof40hourstobeginin1940,andsincethattimethe8-hourday,5-dayworkweekhasbeenthestandardintheUnitedStates.Adjustmentsinvariousplaces,however,showthatthisstandardisnotimmutable.In1987,forexample,Germanmetalworkersstruckforandreceiveda37.5-hourworkweek;andin1990manyworkersinBritainwona37-hourweek.Since1989,theJapanesegovernmenthasmovedfroma6-toa5-dayworkweekandhassetanationaltargetof1800workhoursperyearfortheaverageworker.TheaverageamountofworkperyearinJapanin1989was2088hoursperworker,comparedto1957fortheUnitedStatesand1646forFrance.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.Comparedtopre-industrialtimes,thenumberofhoursintheworkweekinthenineteenthcentury（）.

3.WhatisonereasonforthechangeinthelengthoftheworkweekfortheaverageworkerintheUnitedStatesduringthe1930’s?

4.WhichofthefollowingismentionedasoneofthepurposesoftheFairLaborStandardsActof1938?

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasevidencethatthelengthoftheworkweekhasbeendecliningsincethenineteenthcentury?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Whypeopleinpre-industrialsocietiesworkedfewhoursperweek

B.WorkingconditionsduringtheIndustrialRevolution

C.Acomparisonofthenumberofhoursworkedperyearinseveralindustries

D.Changesthathaveoccurredinthenumberofhoursthatpeopleworkperweek

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.remainedconstant

B.decreasedslightly

C.increasedsignificantly

D.decreasedsignificantly

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.TheUnitedStatesgovernmentinstituteda35-hourworkweek.

B.LaborstrikesinseveralcountriesinfluencedlaborpolicyintheUnitedStates.

C.Severalcorporationsincreasedthelengthoftheworkweek.

D.Severalpeoplesometimessharedasinglejob.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Todiscourageworkersfromaskingforincreasedwages

B.Toallowemployerstosetthelengthoftheworkweekfortheirworkers

C.Toestablishalimitonthenumberofhoursintheworkweek

D.Torestricttradewithcountriesthathadalongworkweek

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thehalf-dayholiday

B.UnitedStatesSteelandWestinghouse

C.HenryFord

D.Germanmetalworkers

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.主旨大意題。本文首先將前工業(yè)時(shí)代的周工時(shí)與工業(yè)革命時(shí)期的周工時(shí)進(jìn)行比較，接著說(shuō)明了不同年代周工時(shí)的變化。故D項(xiàng)“人們每周工作的時(shí)長(zhǎng)發(fā)生了變化”正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞pre-industrialtimes定位到第一段“peopleinpre-industrialsocietiesspent3to4hoursperdayorabout20hoursperweekdoingtheworknecessaryforlife.Moderncomparisonsoftheamountofworkperformedperweek,however,beginwiththeIndustrialRevolution（1760-1840）when10-to-12-hourworkdayswithsixworkdaysperweekwerethenorm.前工業(yè)社會(huì)的人們每天花3到4個(gè)小時(shí)，或每周花20個(gè)小時(shí)做生活所必需的工作。然而，對(duì)每周工作量的現(xiàn)代比較始于工業(yè)革命（1760年至1840年），當(dāng)時(shí)每周工作6天、每天工作10至12小時(shí)是常態(tài)?！睋?jù)此可知19世紀(jì)每周的工作時(shí)間相比前工業(yè)時(shí)代有大幅增長(zhǎng)。故C項(xiàng)正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干定位到第三段“TheDepressionyearsofthe1930havebroughtwiththemthenotionofjobsharingtospreadavailableworkaround;theworkweekdroppedtoamodernlowfortheUnitedStatesof35hours.20世紀(jì)30年代的經(jīng)濟(jì)大蕭條帶來(lái)了工作分擔(dān)的概念，使人們可以到處尋找工作;在美國(guó)，每周工作時(shí)間降至35小時(shí)的現(xiàn)代最低點(diǎn)?！笨芍绹?guó)周工時(shí)下降的原因是一些人共同分擔(dān)一個(gè)工作。故D項(xiàng)正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“FairLaborStandardsAct”定位到第三段“In1938theFairLaborStandardsActmandatedaweeklymaximumof40hourstobeginin1940,andsincethattimethe8-hourday,5-dayworkweekhasbeenthestandardintheUnitedStates.1938年，《公平勞動(dòng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)法》（FairLaborStandardsAct）規(guī)定，從1940年開(kāi)始，每周工作時(shí)間不得超過(guò)40小時(shí)。從那以后，8小時(shí)工作制和5天工作制就成了美國(guó)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)?！庇纱丝芍摲ò冈O(shè)定每周40小時(shí)的工作時(shí)間的目的是給美國(guó)工人提出的一個(gè)工作標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，以此限定每周的工時(shí)。故C項(xiàng)正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文中有關(guān)“UnitedStatesSteelandWestinghouse”的內(nèi)容出現(xiàn)在“In1926heannouncedthathenceforthhisfactorieswouldclosefortheentiredayonSaturday.Atthetime,FordreceivedcriticismfromotherfirmssuchasUnitedStatesSteelandWestinghouse,buttheideawaspopularwithworkers.1926年，他宣布從今以后他的工廠將在星期六全天關(guān)閉。當(dāng)時(shí)，福特受到了美國(guó)鋼鐵公司（UnitedStatesSteel）和西屋電氣公司（Westinghouse）等其他公司的批評(píng)，但這個(gè)想法受到了工人的歡迎?！庇纱丝芍@兩個(gè)公司不贊成福特周六不上班的想法。故B項(xiàng)不是自19世紀(jì)以來(lái)周工時(shí)削減的證據(jù)。答案B。

7.單選題

Theschoolhasbeen（

）asthemeetingplacefortheeveningartclub.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.designed

B.designated

C.diverted

D.diagnosed

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)design“設(shè)計(jì)，構(gòu)思”；B選項(xiàng)designate“指定，指派”；C選項(xiàng)divert“轉(zhuǎn)移”；D選項(xiàng)diagnose“診斷”。

句意：這所學(xué)校被指定為晚間藝術(shù)俱樂(lè)部的會(huì)址。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

8.單選題

Oneargumentusedtosupporttheideathatemploymentwillcontinuetobethedominantformofwork,andthatemploymentwilleventuallybecomeavailableforallwhowantit,isthatworkingtimewillcontinuetofall.Peopleinjobswillworkfewerhoursintheday,fewerdaysintheweek,fewerweeksintheyear,andfeweryearsinalifetime,thantheydonow.Thiswillmeanthatmorejobswillbeavailableformorepeople.This,itissaid,isthewayweshouldsetaboutrestoringfullemployment.

Thereisnodoubtthatsomethingofthiskindwillhappen.Theshorterworkingweek,longerholidays,earlierretirement,job-sharing—theseandotherwaysofreducingtheamountoftimepeoplespendontheirjobs—arecertainlylikelytospread.Amixofpart-timepaidworkandpart-timeunpaidworkislikelytobecomeamuchmorecommonworkpatternthantoday,andaflexi-lifepatternofwork-involvingpaidemploymentatcertainstagesoflife,butnotatothers—willbecomewidespread.Butitissurelyunrealistictoassumethatthiswillmakeitpossibletorestorefullemploymentasthedominantformofwork.

Inthefirstplace,solongasemploymentremainstheoverwhelminglyimportantformofworkandsourceofincomeformostpeople,itisverydifficulttoseehowreductionsinemployees’workingtimecantakeplaceonascalesufficientlylargeandatapacesufficientlyfasttomakeitpossibletoshareouttheavailablepaidemploymenttoeveryonewhowantsit.Suchnegotiationsastherehaverecentlybeen,forexampleinBritainandGermany,aboutthepossibilityofintroducinga35-hourworkingweek,havehighlightedsomeofthedifficulties.But,secondly,ifchangesofthiskindweretotakeplaceatapaceandonascalesufficienttomakeitpossibletoshareemploymentamongallwhowantedit,theresultingsituation—inwhichmostpeoplewouldnotbeworkingintheirjobsformorethantwoorthreeshortdaysaweek―couldhardlycontinuetobeoneinwhichemploymentwasstillregardedastheonlytrulyvalidformofwork.Therewouldbesomanypeoplespendingsomuchoftheirtimeonotheractivities,includingotherformsofusefulwork,thattheprimacyofemploymentwouldbeboundtobecalledintoquestion,atleasttosomeextent.

1.TheauthorusesthenegotiationsinBritainandGermanyasanexampleto（

）.

2.Attheendofthepassagetheauthorseemstoimplythatasaresultofshorterworkingtime

（

）.

3.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsfuturefullemploymentisgenerally（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.supportreductionsinemployeesworkingtime

B.indicateemployeesareunwillingtosharejobs

C.provethepossibilityofsharingpaidemployment

D.showthatemploymentwillloseitsdominance

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.employmentmaynotretainitsusualimportance

B.employmentmaynotberegardedasvalidwork

C.peoplecanbeengagedinfarlessunpaidwork

D.peoplecanbeengagedinfarmoreunpaidwork

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.supportive

B.wavering

C.skeptical

D.unclear

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:C

【解析】1.推理判斷題。本題是問(wèn)作者用英國(guó)和德國(guó)的談判這個(gè)例子的目的是什么。由本文最后一段中的內(nèi)容“itisverydifficulttoseehowreductionsinemployees’workingrimecantakeplaceonascalesufficientlylargeandatapacesufficientlyfasttomakeitpossibletoshareouttheavailablepaidemploymenttoeveryonewhowantsit.Suchnegotiationsastherehaverecentlybeen,forexampleinBritainandGermany,aboutthepossibilityofintroducinga35-hourworkingweek,havehighlightedsomeofthedifficulties.很難看出，員工的工作時(shí)間是如何以足夠大的規(guī)模、足夠快的速度減少的，以至于有可能將可用的帶薪就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)分配給每一個(gè)想要的人。最近在英國(guó)和德國(guó)就引入每周35小時(shí)工作制的可能性進(jìn)行的談判，突顯了其中的一些困難?！笨芍岬搅诉@次談判，主要目的是為了支持減少員工們的工作時(shí)間，A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.推理判斷題。本題是問(wèn)文章的最后作者想表達(dá)更短的工作時(shí)間的一個(gè)結(jié)果是什么。根據(jù)本文最后一段最后一句內(nèi)容“Therewouldbesomanypeoplespendingsomuchoftheirtimeonotheractivities,includingotherformsofusefulwork,thattheprimacyofemploymentwouldbeboundtobecalledintoquestion,atleasttosomeextent.將有如此多的人把如此多的時(shí)間花在其他活動(dòng)上，包括其他形式的有益工作，就業(yè)的首要地位必然會(huì)受到質(zhì)疑，至少在某種程度上是這樣?！笨芍懈痰墓ぷ鲿r(shí)間的結(jié)果是人們就可以把時(shí)間放到更多其他的活動(dòng)或者有價(jià)值的工作中去，所以C選項(xiàng)‘人們可以從事少得多的無(wú)薪工作’正確。

3.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。本題是問(wèn)作者對(duì)于未來(lái)的完全雇傭所持有的態(tài)度。A選項(xiàng)supportive“支持的”；B選項(xiàng)wavering“搖擺的，猶豫不決的”；C選項(xiàng)skeptical“懷疑的”；

D選項(xiàng)unclear“不清楚的”。根據(jù)本文第二段最后一句話寫到“Butitissurelyunrealistictoassumethatthiswillmakeitpossibletorestorefullemploymentasthedominantformofwork.但是，如果認(rèn)為這將使充分就業(yè)成為可能，重新成為占主導(dǎo)地位的工作形式，那肯定是不現(xiàn)實(shí)的?！笨芍鲎髡哒J(rèn)為恢復(fù)完全雇傭?yàn)楣ぷ鞯闹饕问绞遣滑F(xiàn)實(shí)的，C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

9.單選題

Sheisalwayslookingfor（

）inwhatshewants.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.novelty

B.token

C.horizon

D.fake

【答案】A

【解析】句意:她總是在她想要的東西中找尋新奇的東西。novelty指新奇的東西,符合句意,選項(xiàng)A正確。

10.單選題

AlthoughWashingtonisthemostimportantcityintheUnitedStates,itcannot（）likeNewYorkandChicagoinsizeandpopulation.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.matchwith

B.abideby

C.conformto

D.competewith

【答案】D

【解析】matchwith"與……相匹配";abideby"遵守,履行";conformto"遵守,依照";competewith"與……競(jìng)爭(zhēng)"。根據(jù)句意：雖然華盛頓是美國(guó)最重要的城市,但在面積和人口上無(wú)法與紐約和芝加哥相比。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

11.單選題

Mathematicalabilityandmusicalabilitymaynotseemonthesurfacetobeconnected,butpeoplewhohaveresearchedthesubject—andstudiedthebrain—saythattheyare.ResearchformybookLate-TalkingChildrendrovehomethepointtome.Threequartersofthebrightbutspeech-delayedchildreninthegroupIstudiedhadacloserelativewhowasanengineer,mathematicianorscientistandfourfifthshadacloserelativewhoplayedamusicalinstrument.Thechildrenthemselvesusuallytookreadilytomathandotheranalyticalsubjects—andtomusic.

Black,whiteandAsianchildreninthisgroupshowthesamepatterns.However,lookingatthelargeworldaroundus,itisclearthatblackshavebeengreatlyover-representedinthedevelopmentofAmericanpopularmusicandgreatlyunderrepresentedinsuchfieldsasmathematics,scienceandengineering.

Iftheabilitiesrequiredinanalyticalfieldsandinmusicaresocloselyrelated,howcantherebethisgreatdisparity?Onereasonisthatthedevelopmentofmathematicalandothersuchabilitiesrequiresyearsofformalschooling,whilecertainmusicaltalentscanbedevelopedwithlittleornoformaltraining,ashashappenedwithanumberofwell-knownblackmusicians.

Itispreciselyinthosekindsofmusicwhereonecanacquiregreatskillwithoutformaltrainingthatblackshaveexcelled-popularmusicratherthanclassicalmusic,pianoratherthanviolin,bluesratherthanopera.Thisisreadilyunderstandable,giventhatmostblacks,formostofAmericanhistory,havenothadeitherthemoneyortheleisureforlongyearsofformalstudyinmusic.

BlackshavenotmerelyheldtheirowninAmericanpopularmusic.Theyhaveplayedadisproportionatelylargeroleinthedevelopmentofjazz,bothtraditionalandmodern.Alongstringofnamescomestomind—DukeEllington,ScouJoplin,W.C.Handy,LouisArmstrong,CharlieParker...andonandon.

Noneofthispresupposesanyspecialinnateabilityofblacksinmusic.Onthecontrary,itisperfectlyconsistentwithblacks,havingnomoresuchinbornabilitythananyoneelse,butbeinglimitedtobeingabletoexpresssuchabilityinnarrowerchannelsthanotherswhohavehadthemoney,thetie

andtheformaleducationtospreadoutoverawiderrangeofmusic,aswellasintomathematics,scienceandengineering.

ThereisnowayofknowingwhetherDukeEllingtonwouldhavebecomeamathematicianorscientistunderothercircumstances.Whatiscleareristhatmostblackshavenothadsuchalternativesavailableuntilveryrecently,ashistoryismeasured.Moreover,nowthatculturaltraditionshavebeenestablished,eventhoseblackswhohavesuchalternativesavailabletoday,andwhohavetheinbornabilitiestopursuethem,mayneverthelesscontinueforsometimetofollowwell-wornpaths.

1.Theauthor’sresearchforhisbookLate-TalkingChildrenshowedhimthat（）.

2.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat（）.

3.ItisknownfromthepassagethatDukeEllington（）.

4.Theauthorholdsthat（）.

5.Inthispassage,theauthortriestosaythat（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.mathematicalabilityandmusicalabilityarecloselyrelated

B.brightbutspeech-delayedchildrenfavoranalyticalsubjects

C.onthesurface,mathematicalabilityandmusicalabilityarenotconnected

D.childrenofdifferentracesdifferslightlyintheirmathematicalandmusicalabilities

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.thedevelopmentofallmusictalentsneedslittleornoformaltraining

B.abilities,suchasmathematicalability,sometimescannotbedevelopedwithformaleducation

C.blacksareunderrepresentedinmathematicsbecausetheyhavenochancestoreceiveformaleducation

D.blacksusuallyprefermusictomathematics,scienceandengineering

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.onlylovespopularmusic

B.hasmadeagreatcontributiontothedevelopmentofjazz

C.isanobscuremusician

D.neverexcelsinjazzmusic

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.blacksdemonstratebetterinbornmusicalabilitiesthanothers

B.blacksaredistinguishedinallkindsofmusic

C.blacksnowcontinuetodomusicbecauseoftheirculturaltraditions

D.blacksstillhavenochancestobecomemathematiciansorscientiststoday

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.musicalabilityhasnoconnectionwithmathematicalability

B.one’sabilityhasnoconnectionwithmathematicalability

C.blacksaresoprejudicedthattheyseldomacceptnewthings

D.blacksaremoresuccessfulinmusicthaninsciencebecauseofvariousreasons

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“Late-TalkingChildren”定位到第一段的第二句，但答案在上一句“Mathematicalabilityandmusicalabilitymaynotseemonthesurfacetobeconnected,butpeoplewhohaveresearchedthesubject—andstudiedthebrain—saythattheyare.”表面上看數(shù)學(xué)能力和音樂(lè)能力好像沒(méi)什么聯(lián)系，但經(jīng)過(guò)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，兩者其實(shí)是有關(guān)聯(lián)的。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

2.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“certainmusicaltalentscanbedevelopedwithlittleornoformaltraining”可知選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第三段中“thedevelopmentofmathematicalandothersuchabilitiesrequiresyearsofformalschooling”可知選項(xiàng)B錯(cuò)誤；選項(xiàng)C與第三段內(nèi)容相符，所以正確；選項(xiàng)D在文中沒(méi)有提及。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“DukeEllington”定位到第五段，根據(jù)第五段第二句“Theyhaveplayedadisproportionatelylargeroleinthedevelopmentofjazz,bothtraditionalandmodern.”他們?cè)诰羰繕?lè)的發(fā)展中，無(wú)論是傳統(tǒng)的還是現(xiàn)代的，都或多或少的扮演了重要角色。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)第六段的第二句“Onthecontrary,itisperfectlyconsistentwithblacks,havingnomoresuchinbornabilitythananyoneelse...”可知選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)本文最后一句“nowthatculturaltraditions...tofollowwell-wornpaths.”可知選項(xiàng)C符合原文；選項(xiàng)D表述太絕對(duì)。

5.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。文章第一句就說(shuō)了數(shù)學(xué)能力和音樂(lè)能力有一點(diǎn)關(guān)系，所以選項(xiàng)A和B均表述錯(cuò)誤；選項(xiàng)C表述太絕對(duì)且在文中沒(méi)有提及，排除；選項(xiàng)D由于多種原因，黑人在音樂(lè)方面要比在科學(xué)方面更成功，符合原文。

12.單選題

Thenegotiationshave（）again,andtherepresentativeshaveallbeencalledback.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.brokenout

B.brokenoff

C.brokenthrough

D.brokeninto

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組。A:breakout“突然發(fā)生，爆發(fā)”；B:breakoff“（使）脫離；停止；中斷”；C:breakthrough“突破”；D:breakinto“闖進(jìn)”。句意：談判又中斷了，代表們都被召回了。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，B為正確答案。

13.單選題

Inatyphoon,winds（）aspeedgreaterthan120kilometersperhour.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.assume

B.accomplish

C.attain

D.assemble

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)assume“采?。怀尸F(xiàn)；承擔(dān)”；B選項(xiàng)accomplish“完成；實(shí)現(xiàn)”；C選項(xiàng)attain“實(shí)現(xiàn)；獲得；達(dá)到”；D選項(xiàng)assemble“集合；裝配；收集”。句意：在臺(tái)風(fēng)中，風(fēng)速達(dá)到每小時(shí)120公里。根據(jù)句中“Inatyphoon在臺(tái)風(fēng)中”可知“達(dá)到”符合語(yǔ)境，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Inmostcountries,themetricsystemhasbeen（）forallmeasurement.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.admitted

B.adapted

C.applied

D.adopted

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在大多數(shù)國(guó)家，所有的計(jì)量都采用公制。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

15.問(wèn)答題

We'dratherhavelongwaitsthan(A)noshiftingofthescenes,and(B)alltheactorson(C)thestagedoing(D)nothing.

【答案】試題答案：B;with

【解析】考查獨(dú)立主格。with表示伴隨狀況，其結(jié)構(gòu)為：with+名詞/代詞+現(xiàn)在分詞/過(guò)去分詞/形容詞/副詞/不定式/介詞短語(yǔ)。

16.單選題

Thematerialsupportandadvisoryservicesofferedbytheseprojects______thewillofthepoortohelpthemselvesandenablethemtoleadself-sufficientlives.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.prolong

B.enforce

C.reinforce

D.inform

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)prolong“延長(zhǎng)；拖延”；B選項(xiàng)enforce“實(shí)施，執(zhí)行；強(qiáng)迫，強(qiáng)制”；C選項(xiàng)reinforce“加強(qiáng)，加固；強(qiáng)化；補(bǔ)充”；D選項(xiàng)inform“通知；告訴；報(bào)告”。句意：這些項(xiàng)目提供的物質(zhì)支持和咨詢服務(wù)……了窮人自助的意愿，使他們能夠過(guò)上自給自足的生活。根據(jù)Thematerialsupportandadvisoryservicesbytheseprojects（這些項(xiàng)目提供的物質(zhì)支持和咨詢服務(wù)）可推測(cè)這些項(xiàng)目對(duì)……來(lái)說(shuō)是有利的，A選項(xiàng)不符合題意，可排除。B選項(xiàng)含貶義也可排除。D選項(xiàng)不符合題意，可排除。結(jié)合句意，C選項(xiàng)正確。

17.單選題

Some4,000privateimporters,exportersandwholesalerswerenationalizedand（

）intoahugegovernmentmonopoly,theStateTradingCorp.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.incorporated

B.inclined

C.resigned

D.resorted

【答案】A

【解析】incorporateinto并入；其他選項(xiàng)都不與into搭配,而是一般與to搭配。句意:約4,000家私營(yíng)進(jìn)出口商和批發(fā)商被收歸國(guó)有,并被并入一家大型的政府壟斷企業(yè)——國(guó)有貿(mào)易公司。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

18.單選題

Churchasweusethewordreferstoallreligiousinstitutions,（）theyChristian,Islamic,Buddhist,Jewish,andsoon.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.be

B.being

C.were

D.are

【答案】A

【解析】考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式。句意：我們使用的Church這個(gè)詞指的是所有的宗教機(jī)構(gòu)，無(wú)論是基督教、伊斯蘭教、佛教、猶太教等等。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，前半句中出現(xiàn)了as，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多用be的原形，引導(dǎo)讓步虛擬從句，并且需要倒裝，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

19.單選題

6.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.2.6

B.3.5

C.3.9

D.136

【答案】D

【解析】W:Hello,Eric,whatcanIdoforyou?

M:Iwaswonderingifyouhadtheresults.

W:Oh,yes,theresults.We’vegotthem.

M:Great.

W:Herewego.Urea(尿素)2.6,Sodium(鈉)136,andPotassium(鉀)3.9.

M:3.5.

W:No,that’s3.9

Q:Whatistheman’ssodiumlevel?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。女士說(shuō)：Sodium（鈉）136，故選D。

20.單選題

Hehadwanteda25%raiseinpay,butaftertalkingtohisboss,hedecidedthata5%raisewould_______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.suffice

B.modify

C.gratify

D.delight

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)suffice“使?jié)M足（表示帶有無(wú)奈情緒的滿足）；足夠……用；合格”；B選項(xiàng)modify“修改，修飾；更改”；C選項(xiàng)gratify“使?jié)M足（表示超出預(yù)想的滿足）；使?jié)M意，使高興”；D選項(xiàng)delight“使高興；高興”。句意：他本想得到25%的工資漲幅，但在同老板談話后，他認(rèn)為他不得不滿足于5%的漲幅。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

21.單選題

Idon'tthinkitisimpartialfortheprofessortoflunkmyChemistrytest.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.unbiased

B.compatible

C.exonerative

D.effusive

【答案】A

【解析】句意：我不認(rèn)為教授讓我的化學(xué)考試不及格是公正的。impartial意為公平的，不偏不倚的。unbiased公正的，無(wú)偏見(jiàn)的；compatible兼容的，可并立的；exonerative免罪的，免除的；effusive流出的，感情橫溢的。選項(xiàng)A與之意思最為相近。

22.單選題

We’reinanerawhencomputerhackersarestealingcredit-cardnumbersandothertechnologicallyadeptcriminalsare（）nationalborders.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.transplanting

B.transgressing

C.transforming

D.transmitting

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。transplanting“移植”；transgressing“違反，違法，越界”；transforming“轉(zhuǎn)化，轉(zhuǎn)變”；transmitting“傳遞，傳送”。句意：我們處在電腦黑客盜取信用卡密碼，其他技術(shù)犯罪不斷侵犯國(guó)界的一個(gè)時(shí)代。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

23.單選題

Thesellerorhisagentsarenotobligedinlawtotellyouofthedefectsortrueconditionsofthehouse.So,itisimportantthatyourownsurveyorissenttomakeastructuralsurveyofthehouseafteryouhavemadeanofferforin,butbeforeyouenterlegalcommitment.

Yoursurveyor’sjobistofindoutalltheinternalandexteriordefectsinthehouseandtoindicatetoyouhowmuchmoneyitwillcosttoputthemright.Hewilltellyouwhetherthehouseisworththepricebeingaskedandmaysuggestapricetonegotiatewiththeseller.Ifhedoeshisjobwell,hewillearnhis-fee(whichforastraightforwardsurveyofafive-roomhouseisnotlikelytobelessthan￡50)byprovidinginformationwhichcanbeusedtostartnegotiations.

Manydefectsarenotapparenttotheordinaryhousebuyerbutcanbedelec1eddetectedbytheexpert—thesurveyor.Thebuildingsocietyorlocalauthorityfromwhichyouhopetogetaloanwillsenditsissurveyortoo,whosefeeyouwillhavetopay.Thissurveyormakesonlyavaluation(notafullsurvey)toseewhetherthepriorityisgoodsecurityforthepartofthepurchasepriceyoumightbeleant.Hisreportisconfidentialandmaynotbeavailabletoyou,thoughbuildingsocietymaybepreparedtotellthepurchaseraboutreallymajordefectsfollowingtheirvaluation.Theymayinfactmakeitaconditionofthemortgagethatyouwillhavethedefectsrepairedwithinastatedtime(atyourownexpenseofcourse).

Ifyouarebuildinganewhouse,youwillalsoneedassurancethatthehouseisproperlybuiltandthebuildingwillaccepttheresponsibilityforanydefectsthatmayappearduetopoordesign,materialsorworkmanship.IfabuilderisrestrictedwithNationalHouse-Builders’RegistrationCouncil,youwillknowthatthehousehasbeenspot-checkinspectedatperiodicintervalsduringbuildings.Arbitrationmachineryandfornewly-builthouse,a10-yearprotectionagainstmajorstructuraldefects,existshouldthingsgowrongandthebuilderseektoavoidresponsibility.

Ifthebuilderisnotregistereditwillbewisetogetacompetentsurveyortocheckthehouseoverduringvariousstagesofconstruction.(Hewillchargeafeeforeachvisittothesite.)

1.Whatstageinbuyingahouseisasurveyoremployed?

2.Whatisthemainreasontoemployasurveyor?

3.Whydoesthebuildingsocietyorlocalauthoritysendisownsurveyor?

4.Themaindifferencebetweenthesurveyorsemployedbyyouandthebuildingsocietyisthat________.

5.Thebuyerofanewhousehastobesurethat________.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Afteryouhaveinspectedthehouseyourself.

B.Shortlybeforeyoutakeupresidenceinthehouse.

C.Beforeyouhaveanykindofdiscussionabouttheprice.

D.Duringtheearlystageoffreenegotiation.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Toinspectandreportontheconditionofthehouse.

B.Totellyouthetruevalueofthehouse.

C.Toassistyouinnegotiatingforalowerprice.

D.Toadviseyouaboutcarryingoutrepairs.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Toprovidethemwithinformationtheyneedinadvisingthepossiblebuyer.

B.Tocheckthereportpreparedbythebuyer’ssurveyor.

C.Tocheckwhatrepairsthebuyermustcarryoutbeforegettingaloan.

D.Tofindoutwhetheritwillbeadvisabletolendthepurchasemoney.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.thesecondsurveyorisnotinterestedinthedefectsofthehouse

B.youdonothavetopayforthesecondsurveyor

C.thesecondsurveyor’sjobistodecidewhatthehouseisworth

D.thesecondsurveyor’sjobistofindoutwhetherhouseisfittolivein

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.theconstructionofthehousehasbeenconstantlysupervised

B.seriousconstructionalfaultswillbeputrightduringvariousstagesofconstruction

C.hewillhavelegalprotectioninthecaseofadisputewiththebuilder

D.thebuilderisregisteredwiththeNationalHouse-Builders’RegistrationCouncil

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第一段So,itisimportantthatyourownsurveyorissenttomakeastructuralsurveyofthehouseafteryouhavemadeanofferforit,butbeforeyouenterlegalcommitment.（因此，重要的是，在你提出報(bào)價(jià)后，但在你進(jìn)入法律承諾之前，要派你自己的測(cè)量師對(duì)房子進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)測(cè)量）和第二段Yoursurveyor’sjobistofindoutalltheinternalandexteriordefectsinthehouseandtoindicatetoyouhowmuchmoneyitwillcosttoputthemright.Hewilltellyouwhetherthehouseisworththepricebeingaskedandmaysuggestapricetonegotiatewiththeseller.（你的測(cè)量師負(fù)責(zé)找出房子里所有的內(nèi)部和外部缺陷，并告訴你修復(fù)這些缺陷需要多少錢。他會(huì)告訴你房子的價(jià)格是否值得商談。），由此可知測(cè)量師是在你與賣方討論價(jià)格之前為你工作的，所以C選項(xiàng)“在你討論價(jià)格之前”正確。A選項(xiàng)“你自己檢查完房子之后”，文章沒(méi)有提到需要自己檢查房子，且這是測(cè)量師的工作，屬于無(wú)中生有；B選項(xiàng)“在你住進(jìn)這所房子之前不久”以及D選項(xiàng)“在自由談判的早期階段”都與文章事實(shí)不相符，屬于曲解原文。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第二段Yoursurveyor’sjobistofindoutalltheinternalandexteriordefectsinthehouseandtoindicatetoyouhowmuchmoneyitwillcosttoputthemright.Hewilltellyouwhetherthehouseisworththepricebeingaskedandmaysuggestapricetonegotiatewiththeseller.（你的測(cè)量師負(fù)責(zé)找出房子里所有的內(nèi)部和外部缺陷，并告訴你修復(fù)這些缺陷需要多少錢。他會(huì)告訴你房子的價(jià)格是否值得商談。），由此可知請(qǐng)測(cè)量師的主要原因是為了讓你知道自己房子的價(jià)格是否值得商談，所以B選項(xiàng)“告訴你房子的真正價(jià)值”正確。A選項(xiàng)“檢查并報(bào)告房屋狀況”，此處雖然有提及，但這是測(cè)量師的主要工作，并不是請(qǐng)他的主要原因，屬于張冠李戴；C選項(xiàng)“幫助你談一個(gè)更低的價(jià)格”，此處提到測(cè)量師只會(huì)告訴你房子的價(jià)格是否值得商談，并不會(huì)幫助你談價(jià)，屬于曲解原文；D選項(xiàng)“建議你進(jìn)行修理”，此處提到測(cè)量師只會(huì)告訴你修理房子缺陷的大概費(fèi)用，沒(méi)有提到他們會(huì)建議你修理，屬于無(wú)中生有。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章三段Thebuildingsocietyorlocalauthorityfromwhichyouhopetogetaloanwillsenditssurveyortoo,whosefeeyouwillhavetopay...Theymayinfactmakeitaconditionofthemortgagethatyouwillhavethedefectsrepairedwithinastatedtime(atyourownexpenseofcourse).（你希望從那里獲得貸款的房屋互助協(xié)會(huì)或地方當(dāng)局也會(huì)派遣測(cè)量師，你必須支付測(cè)量師的費(fèi)用……事實(shí)上，他們可能會(huì)以你在規(guī)定的時(shí)間內(nèi)修復(fù)缺陷作為抵押的條件，當(dāng)然是費(fèi)用自理。），由此可推斷出房屋互助協(xié)會(huì)和地方當(dāng)局請(qǐng)測(cè)量師的原因是為了檢查買方在貸款前需要的維修之處，所以C選項(xiàng)“檢查買方在獲得貸款前必須進(jìn)行的維修”正確。A選項(xiàng)“向他們提供他們?cè)谙驖撛谫I家提供建議時(shí)所需的信息”文章沒(méi)有提到，屬于無(wú)中生有；B選項(xiàng)“檢查買方檢驗(yàn)師準(zhǔn)備的報(bào)告