考研考博-英語-天津城建大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-天津城建大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

______hispioneeringworkinthelate1930’s,EarlHineshasbeencalledthefatherofmodernjazzpiano.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Asaresultof

B.Insupportof

C.Intheinterestof

D.Forthesakeof

【答案】A

【解析】考查短語辨析。A選項(xiàng)asaresultof“因此，由于；作為……的結(jié)果”；B選項(xiàng)insupportof“支持；以便支持；為了支持；擁護(hù)”；C選項(xiàng)intheinterestof“為了……的利益；符合……的利益；為了……的好處”；D選項(xiàng)forthesakeof“出于對……的緣故/為了……起見”。句意：由于他在20世紀(jì)30年代后期的開創(chuàng)性工作，厄爾?海恩斯被稱為現(xiàn)代爵士鋼琴之父。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.WithDr.Smithat10onWednesday.

B.WithDr.Smithat10onTuesday

C.WithDr.Jonesat10onWednesday.

D.WithDr.Jonesat10onTuesday.

【答案】A

【解析】14.M:Ineedtocomeinandseethedoctor.IhavereallyitchyskinandthinkImayhavetohaveitlookedat.

W:IhopetimesavailableforTuesdayorWednesday,whichonewouldworkbestforyou?

M:IwanttocomeinonWednesday.

W:Icanfityouinonthatdayatten,doctorSmithorDoctorJonesisavailable.

M:IwouldpreferDoctorSmith.

Q:Whatistheman’sappointment?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干為：男士預(yù)約了什么？由文中“IwanttocomeinonWednesday.（我想星期三來。）”和“Icanfityouinonthatdayatten（我可以幫你預(yù)約那天上午10點(diǎn)。）”以及“IwouldpreferdoctorSmith.（我想約史密斯醫(yī)生。）”，可知A選項(xiàng)“WithDr.Smithat10onWednesday.（周三上午10點(diǎn)史密斯醫(yī)生。）”符合原文。

3.單選題

Atsometimeinyourlife,youmayhaveastrongdesiretodosomethingstrangeorterrible.However,chancesarethatyoudon'tactonyourimpulse,butletitpassinstead.Youknowthattocommittheactioniswronginsomewayandthatotherpeoplewillnotacceptyourbehavior.

Perhapsthemostinterestingthingaboutthephenomenonoftaboobehaviorishowitcanchangeovertheyearswithinthesamesociety,howcertainbehaviorandattitudeonceconsideredtaboocanbecomeperfectlyacceptableandnaturalatanotherpointintime.Topicssuchasdeath,forexample,wereonceconsideredsoupsettingandunpleasantthatitwasatabootoeventalkaboutthem.NowwiththepublicationofimportantbookssuchasOnDeathandDyingandLearningtoSayGoodbye,peoplehavebecomemoreawareoftheimportanceofexpressingfeelingsaboutdeathand,asaresult,aremorewillingtotalkaboutthistaboosubject.

OneofthenewesttaboosinAmericansocietyisthetopicoffat.Unlikemanyothertaboos,fatisatopicthatAmericanstalkaboutconstantly.It'snottaboototalkaboutfat;it'stabootobefat.The"in"lookisthin,notfat.Intheworkworld,mostcompaniespreferyouthful-looking,trimexecutivestoselltheirimagesaswellastheirproductstothepublic.Thethinlookisassociatedwithyouth,vigor,andsuccess.Thefatperson,ontheotherhand,isthoughtofaslazyandlackinginenergy,self-discipline,andself-respectInanimage-conscioussocietyliketheU.S.,thinis"in",fatis"out".

It'snotsurprising,then,thatmillionsofAmericanshavebeenobsessedwithstayingslimand"inshape".Thepursuitofayouthfulphysicalappearanceisnot,however,thesolereasonforAmericans'fascinationwithdietandexercise.Recentresearchhasshownthecriticalimportanceofdietandexerciseforpersonalhealth.Asinmosttechnologicallydevelopednations,thelifestyleofNorthAmericanshaschangeddramaticallyduringthecourseofthelastcentury.Modernmachinesdoallthephysicallaborthatpeoplewereonceforcedtodobyhand.Carsandbusestransportusquicklyfrompointtopoint.Asaresultofinactivityanddisuse,people’sboodlescaneasilybecomeweakandvulnerabletodisease.Inanefforttoavoidsuchafate,millionsofAmericansarespendingmoreoftheirtimeexercising.

1.Fromthepassagewecaninfertaboois（

）.

2.Basedontheideasinthepassagewecanconclude"beingfat"inAmericansociety

（

）.

3.Thetopicoffatismanyothertaboosubjects

（

）.

4.Whatdoes"thinis'in',andfatis'out"mean?

5.Apartfromthisnewunderstandingofthecorrelationbetweenhealthandexercise:themainreasonthepassagegivesforwhysomanyAmericansareexercisingregularlyis（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.astrongdesiretodosomethingstrangeorterrible

B.acrimecommittedonimpulse

C.behaviorconsideredunacceptableinsociety’seyes

D.anunfavorableimpressionleftonotherpeople

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.willalwaysremainataboo

B.isnotconsideredasataboobymostpeople

C.haslongbeenataboo

D.maynolongerbeataboosomeday

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thesameas

B.differentfrom

C.morepopularthan

D.lessoftentalkedabout

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thinis"inside",andfatis"outside".

B.Thinis"diligent",andfatis"lazy".

C.Thinis"youthful",andfatis"spiritless".

D.Thinis"fashionable",andfatis"unfashionable".

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.theirchangedlifestyle

B.theireagernesstostaythinandyouthful

C.theirappreciationoftheimportanceofexercise

D.theencouragementtheyhavereceivedfromtheircompanies

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞taboo定位至第二段:Perhapsthemostinterestingthingaboutthephenomenonoftaboobehaviorishowitcanchangeovertheyearswithinthesamesociety,howcertainbehaviorandattitudeonceconsideredtaboocanbecomeperfectlyacceptableandnaturalatanotherpointintime(或許，關(guān)于禁忌行為現(xiàn)象最有趣的一個事情是，它多年來如何能在同樣的社會里發(fā)生變化和曾經(jīng)被認(rèn)為是禁忌的某些行為或觀點(diǎn)如何能在另外—個時間點(diǎn)變得完全被接受和正常)。由此可知C項(xiàng)“不被公眾接受的行為”正確。

2.判斷推理題。第二段指出:Perhapsthemostinterestingthingaboutthephenomenonoftaboobehaviorishowitcanchangeovertheyearswithinthesamesociety,howcertainbehaviorandattitudeonceconsideredtaboocanbecomeperfectlyacceptableandnaturalatanotherpointintime(或許，關(guān)于禁忌行為現(xiàn)象最有趣的一個事情是，它多年來如何能在同樣的社會里發(fā)生變化和曾經(jīng)被認(rèn)為是禁忌的某些行為或觀點(diǎn)如何能在另外一個時間點(diǎn)變得完全被接受和正常)。由此推測D項(xiàng)“總有一天不再是禁忌”正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Thetopicoffat定位至第三段:Unlikemanyothertaboos,fatisatopicthatAmericanstalkaboutconstantly(不同于其他禁忌，人們經(jīng)常會談到與肥胖有關(guān)的事情)。因此B項(xiàng)“不同于”正確。

4.語義題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞thinis“in”,andfatis“out”定位至第三段:Thethinlookisassociatedwithyouth,vigor,andsuccess.Thefatperson,ontheotherhand,isthoughtofaslazyandlackinginenergy,self-discipline,andself-respectInanimage-conscioussocietyliketheU.S.,thinis“in”，fatis“out”(苗條的身材讓人聯(lián)想到年輕，活力和成功。另一方面，肥胖的人被認(rèn)為是懶惰或缺乏活力、自我約束和自尊。在一個注重外表的國家，比如美國，苗條意味著…，而肥胖意味著…)。根據(jù)句意推測,“in”和“out”分別表示“年輕，活力和成功”和“懶惰或缺乏活力、自我約束和自尊”,故C項(xiàng)“瘦就是青春，胖就是缺乏活力”正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞healthandexercise和themainreason定位至最后一段:Thepursuitofayouthfulphysicalappearanceisnot,however,thesolereasonforAmericans'fascinationwithdietandexercise(然而，對年輕外表的追求，不僅僅是因?yàn)槊绹藢?jié)食和身體鍛煉的熱衷),由此可知B項(xiàng)“對保持苗條和青春的追求”正確。

4.翻譯題

TheUnitedStatesisacommonlawcountry.EveryU.S.statehasalegalsystembasedonthecommonlaw,exceptLouisiana.Commonlawhasnostatutorybasis;judgesestablishcommonlawbyapplyingpreviousdecisions(precedents)topresentcases.Althoughtypicallyaffectedbystatutoryauthority,broadareasofthelaw,mostnotablyrelatingtoproperty,contracts,andtorts,aretraditionallypartofthecommonlaw.Theseareasofthelawaremostlywithinthejurisdictionofthestates,andthusstatecourtsaretheprimarysourceofcommonlaw.Federalcommonlawisrelativelynarrowinscope,beinglimitedprimarilytoclearlyfederalissuesthathavenotbeenaddressedbyastatute.

Stateconstitutionsarethesupremelawwithinthestate.AlthoughastateconstitutionmaygrantgreaterrightsthanthosesecuredbythefederalConstitution,itcannotprovidelesserrightsthanthefederalconstitutiondoes.Statestatutesmustconformtotherespectivestate’sconstitution.AllstateconstitutionsandlegislationcanbepreemptedbyfederallegislationorthefederalConstitution.Municipalcharters,ordinances,rules,andregulationsapplyonlytolocalissues;eitherstateorfederallawtypicallycanpreemptthem.

【答案】參考譯文：

美國是一個普通法系的國家。除了路易斯安那州，美國各州都擁有一個基于普通法的法律系統(tǒng)。普通法沒有成文法基礎(chǔ)；法官們通過運(yùn)用先前的決定（先例）建立普通法去解決當(dāng)前的案例。盡管通常受法律權(quán)限和廣泛的法律領(lǐng)域影響，尤其與財(cái)產(chǎn)，合同和侵權(quán)行為有關(guān)的，傳統(tǒng)上都是普通法的一部分。這些法律領(lǐng)域大多數(shù)都是在各州的管轄范圍之內(nèi)的，因此州法院是普通法的主要來源。聯(lián)邦普通法是一個適用范圍相對狹小的法律，主要限制于處理那些非成文法的聯(lián)邦問題。

州憲法是州內(nèi)的最高位階的法律。雖然州憲法授予的權(quán)利可能多于聯(lián)邦憲法所保護(hù)的權(quán)利，但是州憲法不能提供少于聯(lián)邦憲法保護(hù)的權(quán)利。州法令必須符合各自州的憲法。所有州的憲法和法律可能被聯(lián)邦法律或聯(lián)邦憲法所取代。市政章程，條例，規(guī)則，與規(guī)定制度只適用于當(dāng)?shù)氐膯栴}，州或聯(lián)邦法律通常都可以優(yōu)先使用它們。

5.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

AlanChangwasahandsomeyoungmanwithgoodmanners.

Onemorninghewaswalkingalongastreetonhiswaytoanappointment.Hedidnotwanttobeearlyorlate.Hehadforgottentoputonhiswatchsohewentuptoamanwhowaswaitingforataxi.

“Excuseme,sir,”hesaid,verypolitely,“butcouldyoutellmethetime?”

Theman,whowasverywell-dressedandlookedquiterich,saidnothing.HedidnotevenlookatAlan.

Alanspoketohimagain.“Excuseme,sir,”hesaid,“butcouldyoupleasetellmewhattimeis?”

Thistimethemanlookedathim,buthedidnotspeakandlookedquicklyaway.

Alanthoughttohimself:Well,he’snotdeaf.Hemustbejustrude.

“Whywon’tyoutellmethetime,sir?”hedemanded.

Themanturnedtowardshimandsaid,“Trytounderstandme,Iamstandingherewaitingforataxi.Youcomeuptomeandaskmeforthetime.IfItellittoyou,youwillthankme.Iwillsay,‘That’sallright.’Youmaythensay,‘It’sabeautifulday,’towhichImayreply‘Yes,Ilikethesesunnywinterdays.’Beforeweknowwhatishappeningwehaveafriendlyconversation.Youareapleasant,politeyoungmanandsowhenmytaxicomes,Iofferyouaride.Youaccept.Wetalk.Ilikeyou.Youlikeme.Iinviteyoutomyhome.Youmeetmydaughter.Sheisaveryprettygirl.Youareagood-lookingman.Youlikeeachother.Soonyoufallinlove.Youwanttomarry.Nowdoyouunderstandmyproblem?”

Alanshookhishead.

“Nosir,I’msorry,Idon’t.Everythingyouhavesaidseemsverynaturaltome.”

“Exactly,”themansaid,“andIdonotwantmydaughtertomarryamanwhoistoopoortobuyawatch.Goodmorningtoyou,”andwiththesewordshehurriedaway.

1.WhydidAlanaskthemanwhattimeitwas?

2.WhatdidAlanthinkthemanwaswhenhewouldnottellhimthetime?

3.Whydidn’tthemantellAlanthetime?

4.WhatkindofamandidthemanconsiderAlanChang?

5.Whatisthestoryreallyabout?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Hewaslate.

B.Hewasearly.

C.Hehadforgottentoputonhiswatch.

D.Hewantedtomeettheman’sdaughter.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.rude

B.deaf

C.stupid

D.unabletospeakEnglish

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Hedidnotknowit.

B.Hedidnothaveawatch.

C.HethoughtAlanwasathief.

D.HedidnotwanttospeaktoAlan.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.athief

B.apoorman

C.acheat

D.arichman

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.tellingthetime

B.beingrudetopeople

C.notspeakingtostrangers

D.onethingleadingtoanother

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由第二段第三句Hehadforgottentoputonhiswatchsohewentuptoamanwhowaswaitingforataxi（他忘了戴表，所以走到一個正在等出租車的人面前）可知C選項(xiàng)“他忘了戴表”正確。

第2題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由第七段Alanthoughttohimself:Well,he’snotdeaf.Hemustbejustrude（艾倫心想：嗯，他不是聾子。他一定只是沒有禮貌）可知，A選項(xiàng)“粗魯?shù)?，無禮的”正確。

第3題:推理判斷題。由文章第九段至末尾可知，“那個男人”不想讓女兒嫁給Alan，因此不想跟他說話，因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。A、B、C選項(xiàng)在本文中均未被提及。

第4題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由最后一段中的Idonotwantmydaughtertomarryamanwhoistoopoortobuyawatch（我不希望我的女兒嫁給一個窮得連手表都買不起的人）可知Alan被認(rèn)為是一個窮人，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

第5題:主旨大意題。文章講述了Alan向路人打聽時間，路人卻想象了“Alan會跟他相談甚歡，然后他邀請Alan搭便車，之后邀請Alan去他家，Alan見到了他的女兒并與他女兒陷入愛河”等一系列事情，因此D選項(xiàng)“一件事引發(fā)另一件事”符合題意。

6.單選題

Becauseoftheirchemicalstructure,syntheticdyesgenerally（

）

moreslowlythannaturalones.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.penetrate

B.evaporate

C.fade

D.secede

【答案】C

【解析】penetrate滲透,看透；evaporate蒸發(fā),揮發(fā)；fade褪色；secede脫離,退出。句意：由于化學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)的原因,合成染料通常比天然染料褪色慢。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

7.單選題

Thecontestantshadtostaywithinthe（）oftheplayingfieldortheywouldbeeliminated.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.symptomatic

B.corollary

C.pundit

D.parameter

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)symptomatic“有癥狀的；癥候的”；B選項(xiàng)corollary“推論；必然的結(jié)果”；C選項(xiàng)pundit“專家；博學(xué)者；梵文學(xué)者”；D選項(xiàng)parameter“參數(shù)；起限定作用的因素；界限”。句意：參賽者必須停留在比賽場地的界限內(nèi)，否則他們將被淘汰。結(jié)合此處語義，D選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

TheFDAwascreatedto（）thesafetyofproducts,reviewapplicationsandgrantapprovals.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.manipulate

B.adjust

C.regulate

D.manage

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項(xiàng)manipulate“操縱，操作”，B項(xiàng)adjust“調(diào)整”，C項(xiàng)regulate“調(diào)節(jié)，控制”，D項(xiàng)manage“管理，經(jīng)營”；根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞safetyofproduct（產(chǎn)品的安全性）和后面的review（檢查）以及grant（承認(rèn)，允許）可推斷，空格部分表示“控制，規(guī)范”。句意：FDA的成立是為了監(jiān)管產(chǎn)品的安全性，審查申請和批準(zhǔn)。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Therehasbeenmuchoppositionfromsomesocialgroups,（

）fromthefarmingcommunity.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.straightforwardly

B.notably

C.virtually

D.exceptionally

【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞辨析。straightforwardly意為“正直地”；notably意為“尤其，特別”；virtually意為“實(shí)際上，實(shí)質(zhì)上”；exceptionally意為“例外地，異常地”。

句意：已遭到來自一些社會團(tuán)體的強(qiáng)烈反對，尤其是來自農(nóng)業(yè)區(qū)。

10.單選題

Veryfewpeopleunderstoodhislecture,thesubjectofwhichwasvery______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.dim

B.obscure

C.conspicuous

D.intelligible

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)dim“暗淡的，昏暗的；模糊的，看不清的；悲觀的，懷疑的”；B選項(xiàng)obscure“昏暗的，朦朧的；晦澀的，不清楚的；隱蔽的；不著名的，無名的”；C選項(xiàng)conspicuous“顯著的；顯而易見的”；D選項(xiàng)intelligible“可理解的；明了的；僅能用智力了解的”。句意：很少有人聽懂他的演講，因?yàn)樗闹黝}晦澀難懂。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Thedesignofthegymnasiumshowsagreatdealof（）.Wehaveneverseenabuildingofsuchatypebefore.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.invention

B.fascination

C.solidarity

D.originality

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。invention“發(fā)明，發(fā)明物”；fascination“魅力，魔力”；solidarity“團(tuán)結(jié)”；originality“創(chuàng)意，獨(dú)創(chuàng)性”。根據(jù)后面提到的內(nèi)容“我們從來沒有見過這類型的建筑”可知該建筑的設(shè)計(jì)是非常富有創(chuàng)意的，因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

12.單選題

Suchachangewouldnot______tothewishesofthegreatmajorityofthepeople.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.conform

B.confirm

C.confine

D.confront

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.conform符合，遵照B.confirm確認(rèn)

C.confine限制，限定D.confront使面對，使面臨

【考查點(diǎn)】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】由空格后的to可知，空格處要填入一個和to搭配的動詞；由賓語thewishes（愿望）可知，conformto（符合）適合句子語境。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B、D選項(xiàng)不與to進(jìn)行搭配；

C選項(xiàng)confineto表示“限制于”，不符合句子語義。

【句意】這種變化不符合大多數(shù)人民的愿望。

13.單選題

Paperclips,drawingpinsandsafetypins,were（

）alloverthefloor.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.scattered

B.littered

C.sprayed

D.separated

【答案】A

【解析】句意:回形針，圖釘和安金扣針全都散落在地板上。

考查動詞辨析。四個選型都是對應(yīng)動詞的過去分詞形式表被動。Scatter使分散;litter把……弄得亂七八糟;spray噴灑;separate使分離。因此A符合句意。

14.單選題

Bycreatingvalue,apowerfulmessage,youcangetpeopletocometoyou,insteadoftryingto（

）themwithyourmessageandbrand.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.substantiate

B.authenticate

C.satiate

D.smother

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。substantiate“證實(shí)”；authenticate“鑒定”；satiate“充分滿足”；smother“使窒息，抑制”。句意：通過創(chuàng)造價值和強(qiáng)有力的信息，你就能讓大家來到身邊，而不要嘗試用自己的信息和品牌讓來讓他們感到窒息。insteadof表轉(zhuǎn)折，而不要嘗試通過······可知空格處所填單詞應(yīng)為貶義詞，故答案為D。

15.翻譯題

以前人們常說，英國人享樂時也會郁郁不樂。如今，如果英國人真有什么樂趣可享的話，情況無疑還會依然如此，不過英國的煙酒價格構(gòu)成了足以令人憂愁的外因。有時我覺得，這種享樂時也郁郁不樂的癖性已經(jīng)傳到了大西洋彼岸，我不由得納悶：這么多講英語的人身體又健康，收入又豐厚，怎么人生觀卻如此消沉。

我在美國旅行期間，注意到了一種根深蒂固的憂郁癥。我覺得這種憂郁癥似乎極其普遍，這就給社會改革家出了難題。大多數(shù)社會改革家認(rèn)為，若是消除了貧困，有了經(jīng)濟(jì)保障，太平盛世就會到來。但是，無論在貴國還是在蔽國，看著坐在豪華轎車?yán)锏娜藗兊拿婵?，卻見不到社會改革家引導(dǎo)人們期待的那種喜氣洋洋的神情。相反，十有八九，我看到的是一副厭倦不滿的神情，以及一種近似瘋狂的渴望，想找點(diǎn)東西吊起早已發(fā)膩的胃口。

【答案】【參考譯文】ItusedtobesaidthatEnglishpeopletaketheirpleasuresadly.Thiswouldnodoubtstillbethecasetodayiftheyhadanypleasuretotake,butthepriceofalcoholandtobaccoinBritishhasprovidedsufficientexternalcausesformelancholy.IhavesometimesthoughtthatthehabitoftakingpleasuresadlyhascrossedtheAtlantic,andIhavewonderedwhatitisthatmakessomanyEnglish-speakingpeoplesomberintheiroutlookinspiteofgoodhealthandagoodincome.

DuringmytravelsintheAmerica,Ihavebeenimpressedbyakindoffundamentalmalaisewhichseemstomeextremelycommonandwhichposesdifficultproblemsforthesocialreformer.Mostsocialreformershaveheldtheopinionthat,ifpovertywereabolishedandtherewerenomoreeconomicinsecurity,themillenniumwouldhavearrived.ButwhenIlookatthefacesofpeopleinluxurycars,whetherinyourcountryorinmine,Idonotseethatlookofradianthappinesswhichtheaforesaidsocialreformershadledpeopletoexpect.Inalllikelihood,onthecontrary,Iseeinsteadalookofboredomanddiscontentandanalmostfranticlongingforsomethingthatmightticklethejadedpalate.

16.單選題

Theprincipleofarocketmotorissimple,（）rocketsareverycomplicatedmachines.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.largebutwhichpowerful

B.butlarge,powerful

C.largealthoughpowerful

D.solarge,powerful

【答案】B

【解析】考查連詞以及邏輯關(guān)系。由空格后rockets名詞，以及給出的選項(xiàng)可知此處應(yīng)填入形容詞修飾名詞。句意：火箭發(fā)動機(jī)的原理很簡單，（）火箭是非常復(fù)雜的機(jī)器。前文的簡單和后文的復(fù)雜形成對比，因?yàn)锽選項(xiàng)正確。

17.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

InonlytwodecadesAsianAmericanshavebecomethefastest-growingU.S.minority.Astheirchildrenbeganmovingupthroughthenation’sschools,itbecameclearthatanewclassofacademicachieverswasemerging.Theirachievementsarereflectedinthenation’sbestuniversities,wheremathematics,scienceandengineeringdepartmentshavetakenonadecidedlyAsiancharacter.ThisspeciallikingformathematicsandscienceispartlyexplainedbythefactthatAsian-AmericanstudentswhobegantheireducationsabroadarrivedintheU.S.withasolidgroundinginmathematicsbutlittleornoknowledgeofEnglish.Theyarealsoinfluencedbythepromiseofagoodjobaftercollege.Asiansfeeltherewillbelessunfairtreatmentinareaslikemathematicsandsciencebecausetheywillbejudgedmoreobjectively.Andthereturnontheinvestmentineducationismoreimmediateinsomethinglikeengineeringthanwithanartsdegree.

MostAsian-AmericanowetheirsuccesstotheinfluenceofparentswhoaredeterminedthattheirchildrentakefulladvantageofwhattheAmericaneducationalsystemhastooffer.Aneffectivemeasureofparentalattentionishomework.AsianparentsspendmoretimewiththeirchildrenthanAmericanparentsdo,andithelps.ManyresearcheralsobelievethereissomethinginAsianculturethatneedssuccess,suchasidealsthatstressfamilyvaluesandemphasizeeducation.

BothexplanationsforacademicsuccessworryAsianAmericansbecauseoffearsthattheyfeedatypicalracialimage.ManycanrememberwhenChinese,JapaneseandFilipinoimmigrantswerethevictimsofsocialisolation.Indeed,itwasnotuntil1952thatlawswerelaiddowngivingallAsianimmigrantstherighttocitizenship.

1.Whilemakingtremendousachievementsatcollege,Asian-Americanstudents（）.

2.WhatarethemajorfactorsthatdeterminethesuccessofAsianAmericans?

3.FewAsian-Americanstudentsmajorinhumansciencesmainlybecause（）.

4.Whydothetwo“explanations”(Para.3,Line.1)worryAsianAmericans?

5.Theauthor’stoneinthispassageis（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.feeltheyaremistreatedbecauseoflimitedknowledgeofEnglish.

B.areafraidthattheiracademicsuccessesbearastrongAsiancharacter

C.generallyfeelitashametohavetodependontheirparents

D.stillworryaboutunfairtreatmentinsociety

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.AsolidfoundationinbasicmathematicsandAsianculture.

B.Hardworkandintelligence.

C.HardworkandalimitedknowledgeofEnglish.

D.AsiancultureandtheAmericaneducationalsystem.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.theirEnglishisnotgoodenough

B.thereisawidedifferencebetweenAsianandWesterncultures

C.theyareafraidtheymightmeetwithunfairjudgmentintheseareas

D.theyknowlittleaboutAmericancultureandsociety

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.TheyareafraidthattheywouldagainbeisolatedfromAmericansocietyingeneral.

B.PeoplewouldthinkthatAsianstudentrelyontheirparentsforsuccess.

C.Asian-Americanswouldbethreattootherminorities.

D.AmericanacademicachievementshavetakenontoostronganAsiancharacter.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.sympathetic

B.objective

C.critical

D.doubtful

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句ManyresearcheralsobelievethereissomethinginAsianculturethatneedssuccess,suchasidealsthatstressfamilyvaluesandemphasizeeducation（許多研究者還認(rèn)為，亞洲文化中有一些東西需要成功，比如強(qiáng)調(diào)家庭價值觀和強(qiáng)調(diào)教育的理想）以及第三段第一，二句BothexplanationsforacademicsuccessworryAsianAmericansbecauseoffearsthattheyfeedatypicalracialimage.ManycanrememberwhenChinese,JapaneseandFilipinoimmigrantswerethevictimsofsocialisolation（這兩種對學(xué)業(yè)成功的解釋都讓亞裔美國人感到擔(dān)憂，因?yàn)樗麄儞?dān)心自己會形成一種典型的種族形象。許多人還記得，中國、日本和菲律賓移民曾是社會孤立的受害者）可以判斷出D選項(xiàng)“仍然擔(dān)心社會上的不公平待遇”正確以及B選項(xiàng)“擔(dān)心他們的學(xué)術(shù)成就帶有強(qiáng)烈的亞洲特色”錯誤，亞裔美國學(xué)生擔(dān)心他們的學(xué)術(shù)成就帶有強(qiáng)烈的亞洲特色根本原因是害怕亞洲特色會讓他們在社會上遭遇不公平的待遇；A選項(xiàng)“覺得自己因?yàn)橛⒄Z知識有限而受到不公平對待”在原文中未提及；根據(jù)文章第二段第一句MostAsian-Americanowetheirsuccesstotheinfluenceofparents（大多數(shù)亞裔美國人把他們的成功歸功于父母的影響）可知C選項(xiàng)“通常覺得依靠父母是件可恥的事”錯誤；因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)原文第一段ThisspeciallikingformathematicsandscienceispartlyexplainedbythefactthatAsian-AmericanstudentswhobegantheireducationsabroadarrivedintheU.S.withasolidgroundinginmathematicsbutlittleornoknowledgeofEnglish（這種對數(shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)的特別喜愛部分是由這樣一個事實(shí)解釋的：亞裔美國學(xué)生在國外開始接受教育時，在美國有堅(jiān)實(shí)的數(shù)學(xué)基礎(chǔ)，但很少或根本不懂英語）以及第二段最后一句ManyresearcheralsobelievethereissomethinginAsianculturethatneedssuccess,suchasidealsthatstressfamilyvaluesandemphasizeeducation（許多研究者還認(rèn)為，亞洲文化中有一些東西需要成功，比如強(qiáng)調(diào)家庭價值觀和強(qiáng)調(diào)教育的理想）可知A選項(xiàng)“扎實(shí)的數(shù)學(xué)基礎(chǔ)和亞洲文化”正確以及C選項(xiàng)“努力學(xué)習(xí)和有限的英語知識”錯誤；B選項(xiàng)“勤奮和智慧”在原文未提及；根據(jù)第二段MostAsian-AmericanowetheirsuccesstotheinfluenceofparentswhoaredeterminedthattheirchildrentakefulladvantageofwhattheAmericaneducationalsystemhastooffer.Aneffectivemeasureofparentalattentionishomework.AsianparentsspendmoretimewiththeirchildrenthanAmericanparentsdo,andithelps（大多數(shù)亞裔美國人把他們的成功歸功于父母的影響，他們決心讓自己的孩子充分利用美國教育系統(tǒng)提供的東西。衡量父母注意力的一個有效方法是家庭作業(yè)。亞洲父母比美國父母花更多的時間和孩子在一起，這很有幫助）可以得知D選項(xiàng)“亞洲文化和美國教育制度”錯誤，美國教育制度并不是決定亞裔美國人成功的主要因素；因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)原文第一段Asiansfeeltherewillbelessunfairtreatmentinareaslikemathematicsandsciencebecausetheywillbejudgedmoreobjectively.Andthereturnontheinvestmentineducationismoreimmediateinsomethinglikeengineeringthanwithanartsdegree（亞洲人認(rèn)為，數(shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)等領(lǐng)域的不公平待遇將會減少，因?yàn)樗麄儗⑹艿礁陀^的評判。教育投資的回報(bào)在工程類專業(yè)比文科學(xué)位更直接）可知C選項(xiàng)“他們害怕在這些方面可能會遇到不公平的判斷”正確；根據(jù)第一段ThisspeciallikingformathematicsandscienceispartlyexplainedbythefactthatAsian-AmericanstudentswhobegantheireducationsabroadarrivedintheU.S.withasolidgroundinginmathematicsbutlittleornoknowledgeofEnglish（這種對數(shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)的特別喜愛部分是由這樣一個事實(shí)解釋的：亞裔美國學(xué)生在國外開始接受教育時，在美國有堅(jiān)實(shí)的數(shù)學(xué)基礎(chǔ)，但很少或根本不懂英語）可以得知A選項(xiàng)“他們的英語不夠好”并不是少有亞裔美國學(xué)生主修人文科學(xué)主要原因；B選項(xiàng)“亞洲和西方文化之間有很大的差異”以及D選項(xiàng)“他們對美國文化和社會知之甚少”在原文未提及；因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第4題:推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一，二句BothexplanationsforacademicsuccessworryAsianAmericansbecauseoffearsthattheyfeedatypicalracialimage.ManycanrememberwhenChinese,JapaneseandFilipinoimmigrantswerethevictimsofsocialisolation（這兩種對學(xué)業(yè)成功的解釋都讓亞裔美國人感到擔(dān)憂，因?yàn)樗麄儞?dān)心自己會形成一種典型的種族形象。許多人還記得，中國、日本和菲律賓移民曾是社會孤立的受害者）可以判斷出A選項(xiàng)“他們害怕自己會再次被孤立于美國社會之外”正確；根據(jù)文章第二段第一句MostAsian-Americanowetheirsuccesstotheinfluenceofparents（大多數(shù)亞裔美國人把他們的成功歸功于父母的影響）可知B選項(xiàng)“人們會認(rèn)為亞洲學(xué)生依靠他們的父母獲得成功”錯誤；C選項(xiàng)“亞裔美國人會對其他少數(shù)族裔構(gòu)成威脅”以及D選項(xiàng)“美國人的學(xué)術(shù)成就帶有強(qiáng)烈的亞洲色彩”在原文中未提及，錯誤；因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第5題:推理判斷題。A選項(xiàng)“同情的；交感神經(jīng)的；共鳴的；贊同的；和諧的；合意的”；B選項(xiàng)“客觀的”；C選項(xiàng)“批評的，愛挑剔的；危險的”；D選項(xiàng)“可疑的；令人生疑的；疑心的；不能確定的”；本文是從客觀的觀點(diǎn)去看亞裔美國人在學(xué)業(yè)方面的成功，作者并沒有同情，批判或者是懷疑，只是客觀的陳述目前亞裔美國人在學(xué)業(yè)方面存在的情況，因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

18.單選題

ItsuddenlyoccurredtoAnnethatmoneycouldn't（）allthatBobhadsufferedinthepastfiveyears.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.liveupto

B.makeout

C.livethrough

D.makeupfor

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。liveupto“踐行”；makeout“理解，辨認(rèn)出”；livethrough“度過，經(jīng)受過”；makeupfor“彌補(bǔ)”。句意：Anne突然明白金錢不能彌補(bǔ)Bob在過去五年里的遭遇。D項(xiàng)符合題意。

19.單選題

Thecourtconsidersa,financial（）tobeanappropriatewayofpunishinghim.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.option

B.duty

C.obligation

D.penalty

【答案】D

【解析】option選擇;duty責(zé)任,任務(wù),值日；obligation義務(wù);penalty責(zé)罰。句意：法院認(rèn)為對他最適合的懲罰方式是經(jīng)濟(jì)懲處。因此,本題選D。

20.單選題

Amanwhocannotwinhonorinhisownagewillhaveaverysmallchanceofwinningitfrom（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.posterity

B.immigrants

C.critics

D.improvisation

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)posterity“子孫；后裔”；B選項(xiàng)immigrant“移民”；C選項(xiàng)critics“評論家；批評者”；D選項(xiàng)improvisation“即興創(chuàng)作；即席演奏”。句意：一個在他這個年齡不能贏得榮譽(yù)的人，從······獲得榮譽(yù)的機(jī)會很小。前半句提到“他這個年齡”，因此空格處出詞語應(yīng)與“時間、年齡相關(guān)”。綜合句意可知，A選項(xiàng)符合句意。

21.單選題

Coca-Cola,whichsold10billioncasesofsoftdrinksin1992,nowfindsitselfasking,wherewillsalesofthenext10billioncasescomefrom?Theanswerliesoverseas,whereincomelevelsandappetitesforWesternproductsareatanall-timehigh.Often,thecompanythatgetsintoaforeignmarketearliestdominatesthatcountry’smarket.CokepatriarchRobertWoodruffrealizedthisandunleashedabrilliantploytomakeCoketheearlybirdinmanyofthemajorforeignmarkets.AttheheightofWorldWar11,Woodruffproclaimed,“WhereverAmericanboyswerefighting,they’dbeabletogetaCoke.”BythetimePepsitriedtomakeitsfirstinternationalpitchinthe1950s,Cokehadestablisheditsbrandnamealongwithapowerfuldistributionnetwork.Duringthelast40years,manynewmarketshaveemerged.Inordertotapintotheseopportunities,bothCokeandPepsihaveattemptedtofindwaystocutthroughtheredtapethatthwartstheireffortstoconductbusinessinthesenewregions.Onekeymaneuverinthesodawarsoccurredin1972,whenPepsisignedanagreementwiththeSovietUnionthatmadeitthefirstWesternproducttobesoldtoconsumersinRussia.ThislandmarkagreementgavePepsitheupperhand.Atpresent,Pepsihas23plantsintheformerSovietUnionandistheleaderinthesoft-drinkindustryinRussia.ItoutsellsCoca-Colabyaratioof6to1andisseenthereasalocalbrand,similartoCoke’shome-grownreputationinJapan.However,Pepsihasalsoencounteredsomeobstacles.AnexpectedincreaseinbrandloyaltyforPepsisubsequenttoitsadvertisingblitzinRussiahasnotmaterialized,eventhoughPepsiproducedcommercialstailoredtotheRussianmarketandsponsoredtelevisedconcerts.SomeanalystsbelievethatPepsi’sdominationoftheRussianmarkethasmoretodowithpricing.WhilePepsisellsfor250Rubels(about25cents)abottle,Coca-Colasellsfor450Rubels.Likewise,Pepsisellstheir2litereconomybottlefor1,300Rubels,whileCoca-Cola’s1.5litersismarketedat1,800Rubels.Ontheotherhand,Coca-ColaonlymadeitsfirstinroadsintoRussia2yearsago.What’smore,althoughCoca-Cola’sbottleandlabelgaveitahigh-classimage,RussiansdonotperceiveCoca-ColaasapremiumbrandintheRussianmarket.Consequently,ithassofarbeenunabletocaptureamarketshare.

1.Accordingtothepassage,allofthefollowinghavebeenusedtoattractcustomerstobuyoneofthetwobrandsofsoftdrinkmentionedinthepassageEXCEPT（）.

2.ThepassagesuggestswhichofthefollowingabouttheRussiansoftdrinkmarket?

3.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto（）.

4.Thebestdefinitionof“materialized”whichisunderlinedinthepassageshouldbe“（）”.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.offeringsoftdrinksforalimitedtimeatspeciallyreducedprices

B.beingthefirstcountrytoenteraforeignmarket

C.designingabottleandlebeltocreateahigh-classimage

D.staginganadvertisingblitzincludingcommercialstailoredtothelocalmarket

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.PriceisanunimportantfactorintheRussiansoftdrinkmarket.

B.Russianconsumersaremorelikelytopurchaseinternationalsoftdrinks.

C.TheRussiansoftdrinkmarketissaturatedwithlocalbrands.

D.Twolitereconomybottlesaremoremarketablethanoneandahalflitereconomybottles,ifsoldatalowerprice.