考研考博-英語-廣州醫(yī)科大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廣州醫(yī)科大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Advertiserstendtothinkbigandperhapsthisiswhytheyarealwayscominginforcriticism.Theircriticsseemtoresentthembecausetheyhaveaflairforself-promotionandbecausetheyhavesomuchmoneytothrowaround."It'siniquitous,"theysay,"thatthisentirelyunproductiveindustryshouldabsorbmillionsofpoundseachyear.Itonlygoestoshowhowmuchprofitthebigcompaniesaremaking.Whydon'ttheystopadvertisingandreducethepriceoftheirgoods?Afterall,it'stheconsumerwhopays.."

Thepooroldconsumer!He'dhavetopayagreatdealmoreifadvertisingdidn'tcreatemassmarketsforproducts.Itispreciselybecauseoftheheavyadvertisingthatconsumergoodsaresocheap.Butwegetthewrongideaifwethinktheonlypurposeofadvertisingistosellgoods.Anotherequallyimportantfunctionistoinform.Agreatdealoftheknowledgewehaveabouthouseholdgoodsderiveslargelyfromtheadvertisementsweread.Advertisementsintroduceustonewproductsorremindusoftheexistenceofoneswealreadyknowabout.Supposingyouwantedtobuyawashing-machine,itismorethanlikelyyouwouldobtaindetailsregardingperformance,price,ere,fromanadvertisement

Lotsofpeoplepretendthattheyneverreadadvertisements,butthisclaimmaybeseriouslydoubted.Itishardlypossiblenottoreadadvertisementsthesedays.Andwhatfuntheyoftenare,too!Justthinkwhatarailwaystationoranewspaperwouldbelikewithoutadvertisements,wouldyouenjoygazingatablankwallorreadingrailwaybye-lawwhilewaitingforatrain?Wouldyouliketoreadonlyclosely-printedcolumnsofthenewsinyourdailypaper?Acheerfulwilyadvertisementmakessuchadifferencetoadrabwalloranewspaperfullofthedailyrationofcalamities.

Wemustnotforget,either,thatadvertisingmakesapositivecontributiontoourpockets.Newspapers,commercialsradioandtelevisioncompaniescouldnotsubsistwithoutthissourceofrevenue.Thefactthatwepaysolittleforourdailypaper,orcanenjoysomanybroadcastprogramsisdueentirelytothemoneyspentbyadvertisers.Justthinkwhatanewspaperwouldcostifwehadtopayitsfullprice.

Anotherthingwemustn'tforgetisthe"smallads",whichareinvirtuallyeverynewspaperandmagazine.Whatatremendouslyusefulservicetheyperformforthecommunity!Justaboutanythingcanbeaccomplishedthroughthesecolumns.Forinstance,youcanfindajob,buyorsellahouse,announceabirth,marriageordeathinwhatusedtobecalledthe"hatchmatchanddispatch"columns;butbyFarthemostfascinatingsectionis!hepersonalor"agony"columns.Nootheriteminanewspaperprovidessuchentertainingreadingorofferssuchadeepinsightintohumannature.It'sthebestadvertisementforadvertisingthereis!

1.Advertisersshouldstopadvertisingandreducepriceofgoodsbecause（）.

2.Thepurposeofadvertisingisto（）.

3.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

4.Thebesttitleforthispassagecouldbe（）.

5.Regardingadvertisements,wecanconcludethatthetoneoftheauthorofthispassageseemstobe（）.

6.Theword"they"inline3ofparagraph3,refersto（）.

7.Wecaninferfromthepassagethattheauthorseemstosuggestthat（）.

問題1選項

A.criticsresentthem

B.theyhavesomuchtothrowaround

C.theconsumerpaysforallthecosts

D.advertiserscomeinforcriticisms

問題2選項

A.informthatconsumergoodsarecheap

B.inform

C.provideagreatdealofknowledge

D.bothsellgoodsandinform

問題3選項

A.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.

B.Everythinghastwosides.

C.Wastenot,wantnot.

D.it'snousecryingeverspiltmilk.

問題4選項

A.AdvertisersPerformaUsefulServicetotheCommunity

B.EntirelyUnproductiveIndustry

C.ThinkBig

D.GoodQualityProductsDon'tNeedtoBeAdvertised

問題5選項

A.critical

B.positive

C.negative

D.neutral

問題6選項

A.lotsofpeople

B.thesedays

C.advertisements

D.“they”inthefirstsentence

問題7選項

A.advertisementsareeverywhere

B.advertisementsarealotoffun

C.advertisementsareunnecessarilycostly

D.advertisementsmakeproductscheaper

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:B

第6題:C

第7題:B

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Whydon'ttheystopadvertisingandreducethepriceoftheirgoods?Afterall,it'stheconsumerwhopays..”可知,選項C符合原文。

2.根據(jù)第二段的四五句“Butwegetthewrongideaifwethinktheonlypurposeofadvertisingistosellgoods.Anotherequallyimportantfunctionistoinform.”可知,廣告除了推銷產(chǎn)品,還有提供信息的功能,所以選項D正確。

3.選項A“上帝幫助自助之人”；選項B“每一樣事物都有兩個方面”；選項C“不浪費,不匱乏”；選項D“覆水難收”。根據(jù)第四段的第一句“Wemustnotforget,either,thatadvertisingmakesapositivecontributiontoourpockets.”前兩段作者描述了廣告對消費者的負(fù)面影響,最后兩段又講述了廣告的積極影響,所以選項B最為恰當(dāng)。

4.作者在文章前兩段講述了廣告對消費者的負(fù)面影響,但又提到廣告可以提供信息等其他積極作用。這是先抑后揚的寫作手法,目的是為了突出后面的積極作用,所以選項A正確。

5.根據(jù)最后一段末句“It'sthebestadvertisementforadvertisingthereis!”可以看出,作者的態(tài)度是積極的,選項B正確。

6.根據(jù)原文,“they”很有趣,接下來列舉了一下例子,由此可推測,這里的“they”指的是廣告,選項C正確。

7.根據(jù)最后一段最后兩句,報紙上沒有任何其他文章能提供如此有趣的閱讀,或提供對人性如此深刻的洞察。這是最好的廣告!由此可知,作者主要強調(diào)的是廣告的有趣性,所以選項B正確。

2.單選題

Inappealingthecaseagain,youwilljustbekickingagainstthe（）.

問題1選項

A.pricks

B.balls

C.guns

D.winds

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定短語搭配。A選項pricks“（v.）戳；扎破；（使）感到刺痛；（眼睛）發(fā)酸；（使）內(nèi)心痛苦；驅(qū)使；（使）耳朵豎起；（n.）扎；戳孔；沮喪；趕牛棒；笨蛋；穿刺；針刺感；卑鄙的人”；B選項balls“（n.）球；（v.）把……捏成球狀”；C選項guns“（n.）槍支；槍狀物；持槍歹徒；（v.）用槍射擊；加大油門快速前進；向……開槍；開大油門”；D選項wind“（n.）風(fēng)；呼吸；氣味；卷繞；（v.）纏繞；上發(fā)條；使彎曲；吹號角；繞住或纏住某人”。根據(jù)固定搭配kickagainstthepricks“以卵擊石；徒勞的抵抗”可知該題選pricks。句意：你再提起上訴，那是在以卵擊石。因此A選項正確。

3.單選題

Thecrowd（）intothehallandsomehadtostandoutside.

問題1選項

A.outgrew

B.overthrew

C.overpassed

D.overflew

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項outgrew“過大而不適于，出生，長大成熟而不再”；B選項overthrew“扔出，拋出”；C選項overpassed“通過，度過”；D選項overflew“（尤指液體）溢出，（容器）滿得溢出，擠滿人了，淹沒”。句意：人群（）了大廳，有些人不得不站在外面。本句表示的是“人群涌入了大廳”，因此D選項符合題意。

4.單選題

Marriagetherapiststeachaskillcalledactivelistening.Eachpartnertakesaturnlistening,thenparaphraseswhathe'sheardandvalidatesit.Thereis,however,aproblem.Itrarelyworks.For80percentofcouples,activelisteningistooharD.Itfeelswooden,likeemotionalgymnastics.Nordoes"fightingwellpredicthappymarriages".Evenhappycoupleshavescreamingmatches.Everytimeyouraiseahot-buttonissue,suchasthein-lawsormoney,doesyourhusbandsuddenlyclamup?Morethan80percentofthetime,it'sthewifewhobringsupstickymaterialissues,whilethehusbandtriestoavoiddiscussingthem.Thisisn'tasymptomofatroubledmarriage—it'strueinmosthappymarriages.

You'lloftenhearthatstayinginabadmarriageisworseforeverybodyconcerned—especiallythechildren—thangettingdivorceD.Thatmaybetrueifyourhomeissoriddledwithhostilitythatit'slikeawarzone.ButUniversityofChicagosociologistLinderJ.Waitesaysshehasfoundthat75percentofcoupleswhoratedtheirmarriagesasmiserablebutstayedofmarriedwerehappyfiveyearslater.

Weusuallythinkthestrongestmarriagesarethosethatsurvivemajortraumas,suchasbankruptcyoranextramaritalaffair.Butfrequently,dealingwiththelittlethings,thosedailyannoyances,eatawayatamarriage."Everycoupleexperiencesdisappointmentasinitialromanceandpassionfadeandtheydiscoveralltheirdifferences,"saysWolin."Hedoesn'tdoenoughhousework.Sheistooemotional.HewatchestoomuchTV.She'stoolenientwiththekids.Peoplethinkthesedifferencesasproblem,butthey'reactuallyopportunitiestobuildmaritalmuscles."

1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutactivelistening?

2.Thephrase"clamup"inLine5means（）.

3.WeknowfromParagraph1thattheauthorthinksthatahappymarriage（）.

4.Whatisimpliedinthepassageaboutdivorceinthepassage?

5.What'sthemainideaofthelastparagraph?

問題1選項

A.Activelisteningisnecessaryifyouwantto"fightwell".

B.Amajorityofcouplesdoesn'tpracticeactivelistening.

C.Activelisteningdoesn'tensurehappymarriages.

D.Activelisteninghasproventobealittleimpractical

問題2選項

A.shutup

B.gelup

C.backup

D.tightenup

問題3選項

A.isalwaysfullofromanceandpassion

B.requiresthetoleranceofthehusband

C.maynotbefreeofquarrelsandfights

D.excludesthediscussionofstickymartialissues

問題4選項

A.Abadmarriageshouldendupindivorcetoavoidfurtherharm.

B.Divorceisnotthebestsolutiontoabadmarriage.

C.Mostcouplesgetdivorcedforthesakeoftheirchildren.

D.Divorceismuchbetterthansufferinginabadmarriage.

問題5選項

A.Dailyannoyancescandoharmtomarriages.

B.Marriageisnotforromanceandpassion.

C.Survivingmajormisfortuneshelpstrengthenmarriages.

D.Differencesareessentialforhappymarriage.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.細節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知,activelistening和fightwell是婚姻生活發(fā)生問題時截然不同的兩種處理方式,前者是冷靜的交流溝通,后者是激烈對峙。但activelistening并沒有起到什么作用,大部分的夫妻都不采取,所以選項A描述錯誤。

2.根據(jù)下一句的內(nèi)容"Morethan80percentofthetime,it'sthewifewhobringsupstickymaterialissues,whilethehusbandtriestoavoiddiscussingthem."超過80%的時間,是由妻子引起爭吵話題的,而丈夫總是避免討論這些話題。由此可以推斷,clamup與avoiddiscussingthem意思接近。所以選項A正確。

3.細節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)第一段的最后一句"Thisisn'tasymptomofatroubledmarriage—it'strueinmosthappymarriages."爭吵打鬧并不是只岀現(xiàn)在問題婚姻中,即便是幸福婚姻也很難避免這類事情發(fā)生。選項A在文中沒有提及,選項B和D太片面,而選項C符合原文。

4.細節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞divorce定位到第二段,根據(jù)下文"75percentofcoupleswhoratedtheirmarriagesasmiserablebutstayedofmarriedwerehappyfiveyearslater."75%認(rèn)為自己婚姻不幸的夫妻堅持在一起5年之后,也過得幸福了。由此推斷,作者認(rèn)為離婚并不一定是最好的解決辦法。選項B符合原文。

5.段落主旨題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容：我們通常認(rèn)為,最牢固的婚姻是那些能挺過重大創(chuàng)傷的婚姻,比如破產(chǎn)或婚外情。但通常,處理一些小事情,那些日常的煩惱,也會侵蝕婚姻。選項A最能概括最后一段的大義。

5.單選題

Fearofpirate（

）ledtheFrenchtofortifytheircoastline.

問題1選項

A.excursions

B.incursions

C.transmigrations

D.transmogrifications

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。excursion“偏移；遠足”；incursion“入侵；侵犯”；transmigration“輪回；移居”；transmogrification“變形”。句意：對海盜襲擊的擔(dān)心使得法國加固了他們的海岸線。選項B符合題意。

6.單選題

Allthepartsofthiswashingmachineare（）,sothatitisveryconvenienttoreplacethem.

問題1選項

A.normalized

B.modernized

C.mechanized

D.standardized

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。normalized“正?；摹?；modernized“現(xiàn)代化的”；mechanized“機械化的，呆板的”；standardized“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的”。句意：這個洗衣機的所有部件都是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的，所以要替換他們非常方便。D項符合題意。

7.翻譯題

Thedistinctionbetweenthemechanizationofthepastandwhatishappeningnowis,however,notasharpone.Atoneextremewehavetheelectroniccomputerwithitsquiteremarkablecapacityfordiscriminationandcontrol,whileattheotherendofthescaleare“transfermachines”,astheyarenowcalled,whichmaybeassimpleasaconveyorbelttoanother.Anautomaticmechanismisonewhichhasacapacityforself-regulation;thatis,itcanregulateorcontrolthesystemorprocesswithouttheneedforconstanthumanattentionoradjustment.Nowpeopleoftentalkabout“feedback”asbeinganessentialfactorofthenewindustrialtechniques,uponwhichisbasedanautomaticself-regulatingsystemandbyvirtueofwhichanydeviationinthesystemfromdesiredconditionscanbedetected,measured,reportedandcorrected.When“feedback”isappliedtotheprocessbywhichalargedigitalcomputerrunsattheimmensespeedthroughalongseriesofsums,constantlyrejectingtheanswersuntilitfindsonetofitacomplexsetoffactswhichhavebeenputtoit,itisperhapsdifferentindegreefromwhatwehavepreviouslybeenaccustomedtomachines.

【答案】然而，過去的機械化和今天所發(fā)生的一切之間的區(qū)別并不大。一方面，我們的電腦具有驚人的分辨能力和控制能力，另一方面，則是傳送機，最簡單的是傳送帶。自動機械就是一個有自控能力的裝置，也就是說，它不需要人經(jīng)常調(diào)整和看管，也能夠調(diào)節(jié)或控制系統(tǒng)或過程?，F(xiàn)在人們常說‘反饋’是這些新工業(yè)技術(shù)的根本要素，自動的自我調(diào)節(jié)機制就是建立在反饋基礎(chǔ)上的，通過它可以發(fā)現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)與理想狀態(tài)間的任何偏離，并加以測量，報告并糾正。大型計算機高速進行著各種運算，當(dāng)‘反饋’被運用于該過程中，計算機就會不斷否決錯誤答案，直到找到與輸入的信息相符的正確答案為止，這種機制與我們以前熟悉的機器差別很大。

8.單選題

Theyboughtthelandwitha______tobuildanewofficeblock.

問題1選項

A.purpose

B.view

C.goal

D.reason

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查定語從句。A選項purpose“目的（經(jīng)過考慮而要做某事的意圖）”；B選項view“風(fēng)景；視野”；C選項goal“目標(biāo)（想要通過一段時間的努力而在未來實現(xiàn)某事的意圖）”；D選項reason“理由，原因”。句意：他們買那塊地的______是要建一座新的辦公大樓。根據(jù)語境，這里指的是現(xiàn)在買地，買地是為了以后建辦公大樓，A選項purpose符合題意。因此A選項正確。

9.單選題

Letchildrenlearntojudgetheirownwork.Achildlearningtotalkdoesnotlearnbybeingcorrectedallthetimeifcorrectedtoomuch,hewillstoptalking.Henoticesathousandtimesadaythedifferencebetweenthelanguageheusesandthelanguagethosearoundhimuse.Bitbybit,hemakesthenecessarychangestomakehislanguagelikeotherpeople’s.Inthesameway,whenchildrenlearntodoalltheotherthingstheylearntodowithoutbeingtaughttowalk,run,climb,whistle,rideabicycle—comparethoseperformanceswiththoseofmoreskilledpeople,andslowlymaketheneededchanges.Butinschoolwenevergiveachildachancetofindouthisownmistakesforhimself,letalonecorrectthem.Wedoitallforhim.Weactasifwethoughtthathewouldnevernoticeamistakeunlessitwaspointedouttohimorcorrectitunlesshewasmadeto.Soonhebecomesdependentontheteacher.Lethimdoithimself.Lethimworkout,withthehelpofotherchildrenifhewantsit,whatthiswordsays,whatansweristothatproblem,whetherthisisagoodwayofsayingordoingthisornot.

Ifitisamatterofrightanswers,asitmaybeinmathematicsorscience,givehimtheanswerbook.Lethimcorrecthisownpapers.Whyshouldweteacherswastetimeonsuchroutinework?Ourjobshouldbetohelpthechildwhenhetellsusthathecan’tfindthewaytogettherightanswer.Let'sendthisnonsenseofgrades,exams,marks.Letusthrowthemallout,andletthechildrenlearnwhatalleducatedpersonsmustsomedaylearn,howtomeasuretheirownunderstanding,howtoknowwhattheyknowordonotknow.

Letthemgetonwiththisjobinthewaythatseemsmostsensibletothem,withourhelpasschoolteachersiftheyaskforit.Theideathatthereisabodyofknowledgetobelearntatschoolandusedfortherestofone’slifeisnonsenseinaworldascomplicatedandrapidlychangingasours.Anxiousparentsandteacherssay,"Butsupposetheyfailtolearnsomethingessentialsomethingtheywillneedtogetintheworld?Don'tworry!Ifitisessentialtheywillgooutintotheworldandlearnit.

1.Whatdoestheauthorthinkisthebestwayforchildrentolearnthings?

2.Thepassagesuggeststhatlearningtospeakandlearningtorideabicycleare（

）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,theauthorthinksteachersinschoolshould

（

）.

4.Theauthorbelievestheteachersroleinchildren’slearningshouldbe

（

）.

5.Thetitleofthispassagecouldprobablybe（

）.

問題1選項

A.Byimitatingwhatotherpeopledo.

B.Bymakingmistakesandhavingthemcorrected.

C.Bylisteningtoexplanationsfromskilledpeople.

D.Byaskingagreatmanyquestions.

問題2選項

A.notreallyimportantskills

B.moreimportantthanotherskills

C.basicallythesameaslearningotherskills

D.basicallydifferentfromlearningadultskills

問題3選項

A.allowchildrentolearnbyhimselforherself

B.pointoutchildren’smistakeswheneverthey'refound

C.correctchildren’smistakesassoonaspossible

D.givechildrenmorebookknowledge

問題4選項

A.theidentifierandcorrectoroftheirerrors

B.theirhelperandguide

C.thepersontogradetheirperformanceandgivefeedbacks

D.thepersontopassonsomethingessentialtothem

問題5選項

A.LetTeachersStopWork

B.LetUsMakeChildrenLearn

C.LetChildrenCorrectTheirOwnPapers

D.LetChildrenLearnbyThemselves

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:推理判斷題。由文章第一段中Henoticesathousandtimesadaythedifferencebetweenthelanguageheusesandthelanguagethosearoundheinuse.Bitbybit,hemakesthenecessarychangestomakehislanguagelikeotherpeople’s.（他每天都注意到他所使用的語言和他周圍的使用的語言之間的差異。一點一點地，他做了必要的改變，使他的語言像其他人的一樣）可知作者認(rèn)為孩子可以通過模仿他人學(xué)習(xí)東西，因此選A。

第2題:事實細節(jié)題。由文章第一段中Inthesameway（以同樣的方式）,whenchildrenlearntodoalltheotherthingstheylearntodowithoutbeingtaughttowalk,run,climb,whistle,rideabicycle可知選C。

第3題:細節(jié)事實題。由文章第一段中Lethimdoithimself.Lethimworkout,withthehelpofotherchildrenifhewantsit,whatthiswordsays,whatansweristothatproblem,whetherthisisagoodwayofsayingordoingthisornot.可知作者認(rèn)為教師應(yīng)該允許孩子自己學(xué)習(xí)，因此選A。

第4題:推理判斷題。由文章第二段中Ourjobshouldbetohelpthechildwhenhetellsusthathecan’tfindthewaytogettherightanswer.（當(dāng)孩子告訴我們他找不到正確答案的時候，我們的工作應(yīng)該是幫助他）可推測教師的角色應(yīng)該是學(xué)生的幫助者與指導(dǎo)者。

第5題:主旨大意題。文章主要講述了學(xué)生應(yīng)該自己學(xué)習(xí)，而不是被糾正與灌輸式的學(xué)習(xí)，教師起幫助與指導(dǎo)的作用，因此選D。

10.單選題

（

）ofyoucouldbelostintheforestofbuildings.

問題1選項

A.Anyone

B.Anyboby

C.Anyone

D.One

【答案】C

【解析】考查不定代詞的用法。句意：你們中的任何一個人都有可能在森林前面的建筑那迷路。anyone和anybody不能與of連用，anyone可以和of連用，所以選項C符合題意。

11.單選題

IsadoraDuncanhasbeenoneofthemostenduringinfluenceson20thcenturyculture.Virtually,alone,sherestoreddancetoahighplaceamongtheart.Brakingwithconvention,shedevelopedfreeandnaturalmovementsinspiredbytheclassicalGreekarts,folkdances,socialdances,natureandnaturalforces.AswellasapproachtothenewAmericanathleticism,whichincludedskipping,running,jumping,leapingandtossing.Withfreeflowingcostumes,barefeetandloosehair,Duncanrestoreddancetoanewvitalityusingthesolarplexusandthetorsoasthegeneratingforeforallmovementstofollow.SheiscreditedwithinventingwhatlatecametobeknownasModernDance.

Bornin1878inSanFrancisco,Duncangrewupinachildhoodfilledwithimaginationandart.Hermotherintroducedher4childrentoclassicalmusic,Shakespeare,poetry,literature,andart.Isadora,theyoungest,spentmanyhoursplayinganddancingonthebeach,andeventaughtdanceclassestoyoungerchildrenasawaytoearnmoneytohelpherstrugglingfamily.InherteenageyearsshetravelledtoChicagoandNewYorkwithsomeofherfamilymembers,workingandperforminginvariousproductionsorvaudevilleshows,withlimitedsuccess.ItwasnotuntilshereachedLondonthatDuncanbegantofindacceptanceforherdancing.SheperformedinprivatesalonsforladiesofsocialStandingandtheirguests,inbothLondonandParis.Graduallyherpopularitygrew,andshebeganperformingongreatstagesthroughoutEurope.

Throughouthercareer,Duncanhadadrivingvisionfortheeducationofyoungchildren.ShebeganherfirstschoolinGermanyin1904selectingchildrenfromthepoorerclassesandprovidingcompletelyforalltheirphysicalandmaterialneedsfromherownpocket.Thefinancialdrainofherschools(alsoestablishedinRussiaandParis,atvarioustimes)forcedDuncantotourandperformsconsiderably,leavingherSisterElizabethinchargeoftheschools.Althoughbelievinginwhatshesawasthechainsofmarriage.Duncanhadtwochildren,whoweretragicallydrownedin1913.Thefollowingyearsweredifficult,andshestoppeddancingforatime,butthenreturnedtodanceandparticularlytodevelopingherpupils.Sheevenadoptedsixofthesechildren,the"Isafortables"astheywerebilledbythepresslaterwhentheybegantoperformwithher.Tragically,Duncan'sownlifewascutshortin1921inacaraccidentinFrance.

1.Accordingtothepassage,Duncan'sgreatcontributiontomodemdancewasthrough（

）.

2.TheauthorsuggeststhatDuncan’sfirstrealsuccessas-aperformeroccurred（

）.

3.Thephrase"drivingvision"inline18isclosestinmeaningto（

）.

4.Whatdoestheauthormeanwhenstatinginlines15-16that"Thefinancialdrainofherschools(alsoestablishedinRussiaandParis,atvarioustimes),forcedDuncantotourandperformconsiderably...”?

5.Thecommonfeatureofthetwotragediesmentionedinthe3paragraphis（

）.

問題1選項

A.performing

B.education

C.defining

D.restoring

問題2選項

A.inChicagoandNewYork

B.inprivatesalons

C.whenshewentonthegreatstagesinEurope

D.inLondon

問題3選項

A.careerpreference

B.cleargoal

C.pooreyes

D.educationalinterest

問題4選項

A.sheneededtokeepworkingtoearnenoughtomakerepairstodrainsinherschools

B.sheneededtocontinueearningmoneyinordertokeepherschoolgoing

C.itcostheralotofmoneytotraveltoallofherschools,whichwereindifferentcountries

D.thecostsofmaintainingtheschoolsweretoogreat

問題5選項

A.theyinvolvedmembersofthesamefamily

B.theyweresimilartypesofaccidents

C.theyhappenedaboutthesametime

D.theybothinvolvedchildren

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干信息“contributiontomodemdance”定位至文章第一段，由Virtually,alone,sherestoreddancetoahighplaceamongtheart.Brakingwithconvention,shedevelopedfreeandnaturalmovementsinspiredbytheclassicalGreekarts,folkdances,socialdances,natureandnaturalforces.AswellasapproachtothenewAmericanathleticism,whichincludedskipping,running,jumping,leapingandtossing.Withfreeflowingcostumes,barefeetandloosehair,Duncanrestoreddancetoanewvitalityusingthesolarplexusandthetorsoasthegeneratingforeforallmovementstofollow.（實際上，她獨自一人把舞蹈恢復(fù)到了藝術(shù)的頂峰。有別于傳統(tǒng)，她受希臘古典藝術(shù)、民間舞蹈、社會舞蹈的啟發(fā)，形成了自由和自然的運動，以及運用新的美國運動方式，包括蹦跳，跑步，跳遠、跳高和投擲。隨著自由流動的服裝，赤腳和蓬松的頭發(fā)，鄧肯將舞蹈恢復(fù)了新的活力，利用腹腔神經(jīng)和軀干作為所有動作的前奏）可知鄧肯的主要成就是通過她創(chuàng)新而有特色的舞蹈獲得的，因此選A。

2.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干信息“firstrealsuccess”定位至文章第二段中，由...withlimitedsuccess.ItwasnotuntilshereachedLondonthatDuncanbegantofindacceptanceforherdancing（……取得了有限的成功。直到她到達倫敦，鄧肯才開始發(fā)現(xiàn)她的舞蹈被認(rèn)可了）可知在鄧肯到達倫敦時，才開始取得了真正的成功，因此選D。

3.詞義題。A選項“職業(yè)偏好”；B選項“明確的目標(biāo)”；C選項“視力不好”；D選項“教育興趣”。根據(jù)題干信息“drivingvision”定位至文章第三段Throughouthercareer,Duncanhadadrivingvisionfortheeducationofyoungchildren.（在她的職業(yè)生涯中，鄧肯對幼兒教育有……），下文ShebeganherfirstschoolinGermanyin1904selectingchildrenfromthepoorerclassesandprovidingcompletelyforalltheirphysicalandmaterialneedsfromherownpocket.（1904年，她在德國開辦了她的第一所學(xué)校，從貧困階層中挑選孩子，并從自己的口袋里完全滿足他們的身體和物質(zhì)需求）描寫了她挑選以及培養(yǎng)學(xué)生，可知鄧肯做這事有計劃性，因此選B，更符合句意。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干信息“ThefinancialdrainofherschoolsforcedDuncantotourandperformconsiderably...（學(xué)校的資金流失迫使鄧肯巡回演出）”定位至文章第三段，由前句中的providingcompletelyforalltheirphysicalandmaterialneedsfromherownpocket（從自己的口袋里完全滿足他們的身體和物質(zhì)需求）可知鄧肯獨自一人負(fù)責(zé)所有學(xué)生的花費，即學(xué)校的資金由她提供，因此B選項“她需要繼續(xù)掙錢才能使她的學(xué)校繼續(xù)運轉(zhuǎn)”符合題意。

5.推理判斷題。文章第三段中的提到了兩起悲劇，由第一起Duncanhadtwochildren,whoweretragicallydrownedin1913可知鄧肯的兩個孩子在1913年被不幸淹死了，由第二起Duncan'sownlifewascutshortin1921inacaraccidentinFrance可知1921年，鄧肯本人在法國的一場交通事故中去世了），因此A選項“事故涉及同一家庭的成員”符合題意。

12.單選題

Theoryandsciencearenurturedinmaterialenvironments,andapplicationisapowerful（）tothought.Inthisrespecthewasagreatplanterofideas.

問題1選項

A.encouragement

B.spur

C.drive

D.drivingforce

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項encouragement“鼓舞”；B選項spur“鞭策，刺激”；C選項drive“驅(qū)動”，常用表達：adrivetosth，D選項drivingforce“驅(qū)動力，推動力”，常用表達：drivingforceforsth，跟后面的“to”不搭，可排除D選項。句意：理論科學(xué)是在物質(zhì)環(huán)境中產(chǎn)生的，而應(yīng)用則是思想的強力……。在這方面，他是一個偉大的思想傳播者。因此C選項正確。

13.單選題

Topmarathonrunnerstendtobeleanandlight,starswimmersarelongthighswithhugefeetandgoldmedalweightliftersaresolidblocksofmusclewithshortarmsandlegs.So,doesyourphysicalshape—--andthewayyourbodyworks—--fityouforaparticularsport?Ordoesyourbodydevelopacertainwaybecauseofyourchosensport?

“It’sabout55:45,genestotheenvironment,”saysMikeRennie,professorofclinicalphysiologyatBritain’sUniversityofNottinghamMedicalSchoolRenniecitesthecaseofidenticaltwinsfromGermany,oneofwhomwasalong-distanceathlete,theotherapowerfulsportsman,so,“Theylookquitedifferent,despitebeingidenticaltwins.”

Someonewho’s1.5meterstallhaslittlechanceofbecominganelitebasketballplayer.Still,beingovertwometerstallwon’tautomaticallypushyoutoOlympicgold.“Unlessyouhavetacticalsensewhereneeded,unlessyouhaveaccesstogoodequipment,medicalcareandthepsychologicalconditions,andunlessyouareabletodriveyourselfthroughpain,allthephysicalstrengthwillbeinvain,”saidCraigSharp,professorofsportsscienceatBritain’sBrunelUniversity.

JonathanRobinson,anappliedsportsscientistattheUniversityofBath’ssportsdevelopmentdepartment,insouthwestEngland,pointstotheimportanceoftechnique.“Inswimmingonly5-10percentofthepropellingforcecomesfromthelegs,sotechniqueisvital.”

Havingtherightphysiquefortherightsportisagoodstartingpoint.Seventeenyearsago,theAustralianInstituteofSportstartedanationalTalentSearchProgram,whichsearchedschoolsfor14-l6-year-oldswiththepotentialtobeeliteathletes.OneoftheirfirstfindswasMeganStill,worldchampionrower.In1987,Stillhadneverpickedupanoarinherlife.Butshehadalmosttheperfectphysiqueforarower.Afterintensivetraining,shewongoldinwomen’srowinginthe1996AtlantaOlympics.

OthercountrieshavefollowedtheAustralianexample.Nowtheexplosionofgeneticknowledgehasmeantthatthereisnowasearch,notjustforappropriatephysiquebutalsofor“performancegenes.”

1.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat（）.

2.ThecaseofidenticaltwinsfromGermanyshowsthat（）.

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedbyCraigSharpasarequiredqualityforasportspersontowinanOlympicgoldmedal?

4.SeventeenyearsagoMeganStillwaschosenforrowingbecause（）.

5.Theword“elite”inParagraph5means（）.

問題1選項

A.physicalstrengthismoreimportantforsportspersons’successt

B.trainingconditionsaremoreimportantforsportspersons’successt

C.genesaremoreimportantforsportspersons’successt

D.psychologicalconditionsaremoreimportantforsportspersons’successt

問題2選項

A.environmentcanhelpdeterminepeople’sbodyshapet

B.genesarethedecisivefactorsforpeople’sbodyshapet

C.identicaltwinsarelikelytoenjoydifferentsportst

D.identicaltwinsmayhavedifferentgenesfordifferentsportst

問題3選項

A.Thephysicalstrength.t

B.Therighttrainingconditions.t

C.Thetalentforthesports.t

D.Theenduranceforpains.t

問題4選項

A.shehadthetalentforrowingt

B.herbodyshapewasrightforarowert

C.shehadtheperformancegenest

D.shewasaskillfulrowert

問題5選項

A.themostwealthyt

B.themostskilledt

C.themostindustrioust

D.themostintelligent

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:推理判斷題。題干意思是“從文章中，可以推斷出……”。本文討論的是決定一個人能夠成為優(yōu)秀的運動員的原因，根據(jù)文章最后一句話Nowtheexplosionofgeneticknowledgehasmeantthatthereisnowasearch,notjustforappropriatephysiquebutalsofor“performancegenes.”（現(xiàn)在，基因知識的爆炸意味著現(xiàn)在有了一項研究，不僅是關(guān)于合適的體格，還有“表現(xiàn)基因”）可推斷，人類先天的基因條件對于塑造一個成功的運動員來說更為重要；故C項“基因?qū)\動員的成功更重要”符合題意。A項“身體力量對運動員的成功更重要”和D項“心理狀況對運動員的成功更為重要”文章沒有提及；B項“訓(xùn)練條件對運動員的成功更為重要”只在第三段提到，不夠全面。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

第2題:細節(jié)推理題。題干意思是“來自德國的同卵雙胞胎的案例表明了……”。根據(jù)題干定位到文章第二段oneofwhomwasalong-distanceathlete,theotherapowerfulsportsman,so,“Theylookquitedifferent,d