考研考博-英語(yǔ)-徽商職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-徽商職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Inscientificstudies,supportingevidenceismuchmoresatisfyingtoreportthanarediscreditedhypotheses,but,infact,the（）oferrorsismorelikelytobe（）thanistheestablishmentofprobabletruth.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.formulation,permitted

B.correction,ignored

C.detection,useful

D.accumulation,agreeable

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞與形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)formulation，permitted“制訂，規(guī)劃；系統(tǒng)闡述；表達(dá)方式；制劑，配方”，“被允許的，可能的”；B選項(xiàng)correction，ignored“改正，修正”，“被忽視的；被忽略的”；C選項(xiàng)detection，useful“偵查，探測(cè)；發(fā)覺，發(fā)現(xiàn)；察覺”，“有用的，有益的；有幫助的”；D選項(xiàng)accumulation，agreeable“積聚，累積；堆積物”，“令人愉快的；適合的；和藹可親的”。句意：在科學(xué)研究中，報(bào)告支持的證據(jù)比不可信的假設(shè)更令人滿意，但事實(shí)上，錯(cuò)誤的積累比可能真理的建立更容易令人滿意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Themillionsofcalculationsinvolved,（

）byhand,wouldhavelostallpracticalvaluebythetimetheywerefinished.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hadtheybeendone

B.theyhadbeendone

C.havingbeendone

D.theyweredone

【答案】A

【解析】句意:如果用手進(jìn)行數(shù)百萬次的計(jì)算，到結(jié)束時(shí)就已經(jīng)失去了意義。

語(yǔ)法題。考查倒裝。由句意以及wouldhavelost…推斷此句應(yīng)采用If引導(dǎo)的非真實(shí)條件句表示虛擬,而且表示與過去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)。因此應(yīng)該是iftheyhadbeendonebyhand,當(dāng)省略if后需采用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，即Hadtheybeendonebyhand。

3.單選題

Inthebusyholidayseason,extrabusesareprovidedto（）theexistingservice.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.supplement

B.complement

C.implement

D.experiment

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。supplement“補(bǔ)充，增補(bǔ)”；complement“補(bǔ)足，補(bǔ)助”；implement“實(shí)現(xiàn)，執(zhí)行”；experiment“嘗試，進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)”。句意：在繁忙的假日，會(huì)增加一些公車來滿足現(xiàn)有的服務(wù)。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.翻譯題

Currently,Chinaisinthemidstofachallengingtransition.Arapidlyagingpopulation,increasingdebt,anddecliningreturnsonfixedassetinvestmentplacenewburdensontheeconomy.Becauseofaging,thelaborforceisexpectedtopeakthisyearandbeginalongdeclinethatcouldreduceitssizeby16percentby2050.By2030,China’sdependencyratio—thepercentageofthepopulationthatisnotinthelaborforce(mostlytheelderlyandchildren)—willreach47percent.Thisisfarsooner,intermsofGDPpercapita,thanincountriessuchasJapanortheUnitedStates.

【答案】

目前，中國(guó)正處于一個(gè)具有挑戰(zhàn)性的轉(zhuǎn)型階段。人口老齡化的迅速增長(zhǎng)、不斷增加的債務(wù)以及固定資產(chǎn)投資回報(bào)率的下降給經(jīng)濟(jì)帶來了新的負(fù)擔(dān)。由于人口老齡化，中國(guó)的勞動(dòng)力總量預(yù)期今年達(dá)到最高峰，然后開始一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期的減少，而到2050年中國(guó)的勞動(dòng)力規(guī)?？赡軠p少16%。到2030年，中國(guó)的撫養(yǎng)比率——即不屬于勞動(dòng)力的人口百分比（主要是老年人和兒童）將達(dá)到47%。而中國(guó)人均國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值的減少會(huì)比日本或美國(guó)等國(guó)家出現(xiàn)得早很多。

5.單選題

Johncomplainedtothebooksellerthattherewereseveralpages___inthedictionary.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.missing

B.losing

C.dropping

D.leaking

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)missing“丟失，缺失”；B選項(xiàng)losing“浪費(fèi)；使沉溺于；使迷路；遺失；錯(cuò)過”；C選項(xiàng)dropping“推動(dòng)；幫助；宣揚(yáng)；下降；終止”；D選項(xiàng)leaking“使?jié)B漏，泄露；漏，滲；泄漏出去；透露”。句意：約翰向書商抱怨這本字典___幾頁(yè)。本句表達(dá)“字典缺失幾頁(yè)”，現(xiàn)在分詞做后置定語(yǔ)，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Brazil’sconstitution（）themilitaryuseofnuclearenergy.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.withdraws

B.forbids

C.interrupts

D.objects

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。withdraw“撤銷，撤退”；forbid“禁止”；interrupt“打擾”；object“反對(duì)”。句意：巴西憲法規(guī)定軍隊(duì)禁止使用核能。由憲法可推知forbid更符合題意。故B項(xiàng)正確。

7.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Thebrainisorganizedintodifferentregions,eachresponsiblefordifferentfunctions,andinhumansthisorganizationisverymarked.Thelargestpartsofthebrainarethecerebralhemispheres,whichoccupymostoftheinterioroftheskull.Theyarelayeredstructures,themostcomplexbeingtheouterlayer,knownasthecerebralcortex（大腦皮層）,wherethenervecellsareextremelydenselypackedtoallowgreatinterconnectivity.Itsfunctionisnotfullyunderstood,butwecangetsomeindicationofitspurposefromstudiesofanimalsthathavehaditremoved.Adog,forexample,canstillmoveinacoordinatedmanner,willeatandsleep,andevenbarkifitisdisturbed.However,italsobecomesblindandlosesitssenseofsmell—moresignificantly,perhaps,itlosesallinterestinitsenvironment,notrespondingtopeopleortoitsname,nortootherdogs,evenoftheoppositesex.Italsolosesallabilitytolearn.Ineffect,itlosesthecharacteristicsthatwegenerallyrefertoasindicatingintelligenceawareness,interestandinteractionwithanenvironment,andanabilitytoadaptandlearn.Thusthecerebralcortexseemstobetheseatofthehigherorderfunctionsofthebrain,andthecoreofintelligence.Thecerebralcortexhasbeenthesubjectofinvestigationbyresearchersformanyyears,andisslowlyrevealingitssecrets.Itdemonstratesalocalizationoffunctions,inthatdifferentareasofthecortexfulfilldifferentfunctions,suchasmotioncontrol,hearingandvision.Thevisualpartofthecortexisespeciallyinteresting.Inthevisualcortex,electricalstimulationofthecellscanproducethesensationoflight,anddetailedanalysishasshownthatspecificlayersofneuronsaresensitivetoparticularorientationsofinputstimuli,sothatonelayerrespondsmaximallytohorizontallines,whileanotherrespondstoverticalones.Althoughmuchofthisstructureisgeneticallypredetermined,theorientation-specificlayoutofthecellsappearstobelearntatanearlystage.Animalsboughtupinanenvironmentofpurelyhorizontallinesdonotdevelopneuronstructuresthatrespondtoverticalorientations,showingthatthesestructuresaredevelopedduetoenvironmentalinputandnotpurelyfromgeneticpredetermination.Thisiscalledself-organizationofthevisualcortexsincethereisexternalteachertoguidethedevelopmentofthesestructures.

1.Theorganizationofbrainischaracterizedby（

）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,adogcanstillmoveinacoordinatedmanner,willeatandsleep,andevenbarkwhen（

）is(are)removed.

3.Theword“seat”inline12ofthefirstparagraphmeans（

）.

4.Thevisualpartofthecortexisespeciallyinterestingbecause（

）.

5.Whichofthefollowingheadingsisthebesttitleforthispassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theinterioroftheskull

B.differentregionsresponsiblefordifferentfunctions

C.theouterlayer—thecerebralcortex

D.thenervecellsdenselypacked

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.nervecells

B.theskull

C.thehemispheres

D.thecerebralcortex

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.achair

B.partofthebody

C.placewheresomethingisorwheresomethingiscarriedon

D.cortex

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.specificlayersofneuronsaresensitivetoparticularorientationsofinputstimuli

B.muchofthestructureisgeneticallypredetermined

C.horizontallinesarestimulated

D.verticallinesarestimulated

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.TheCerebralCortex

B.ThespecificLayersofNeurons

C.TheOrganizationoftheBrain

D.TheCerebralHemispheres

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：大腦組織的特點(diǎn)是……。A選項(xiàng)“頭骨的內(nèi)部”；B選項(xiàng)“不同的區(qū)域負(fù)責(zé)不同的功能”；C選項(xiàng)“theouterlayer—thecerebralcortex”；D選項(xiàng)“神經(jīng)細(xì)胞密集排列”。第一段第一句話Thebrainisorganizedintodifferentregions,eachresponsiblefordifferentfunctions,andinhumansthisorganizationisverymarked.（大腦被組織成不同的區(qū)域，每個(gè)區(qū)域負(fù)責(zé)不同的功能，在人類中這個(gè)組織非常明顯），因此答案選B。

第2題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：根據(jù)這篇文章，狗被除去（）仍然可以移動(dòng)，吃飯和睡覺，甚至吠喊。A選項(xiàng)“神經(jīng)細(xì)胞”；B選項(xiàng)“頭骨”；C選項(xiàng)“半腦”；D選項(xiàng)“大腦皮層”。根據(jù)題干定位到第八九句話Ineffect,itlosesthecharacteristicsthatwegenerallyrefertoasindicatingintelligenceawareness,interestandinteractionwithanenvironment,andanabilitytoadaptandlearn.Thusthecerebralcortexseemstobetheseatofthehigherorderfunctionsofthebrain,andthecoreofintelligence.（實(shí)際上，它失去了我們通常所說的智力的特征——意識(shí)、興趣、與環(huán)境的互動(dòng)，以及適應(yīng)和學(xué)習(xí)的能力。因此，大腦皮層似乎是大腦高級(jí)功能的所在地，也是智力的核心。）從這里可以看出答案選D。

第3題:詞義推測(cè)題。A選項(xiàng)“椅子”；B選項(xiàng)“身體的一部分”，C選項(xiàng)“某物所在的地方或某物被進(jìn)行的地方”；D選項(xiàng)“皮質(zhì)”。Thusthecerebralcortexseemstobetheseatofthehigherorderfunctionsofthebrain,andthecoreofintelligence.（因此，大腦皮層似乎是大腦高級(jí)功能的所在地，也是智力的核心。）這里seat在文中的不是本意“椅子”，而是引申義“智力所在之地”，所以答案選C。

第4題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：皮質(zhì)層的視覺部分尤其有趣因?yàn)椤?。A選項(xiàng)“特定的神經(jīng)元層對(duì)特定的輸入刺激方向敏感”；B選項(xiàng)“大部分結(jié)構(gòu)是由基因決定的”；C選項(xiàng)“水平線受到刺激”；D選項(xiàng)“垂直線受到刺激”。根據(jù)題干定位到倒數(shù)第十行Thevisualpartofthecortexisespeciallyinteresting.Inthevisualcortex,electricalstimulationofthecellscanproducethesensationoflight,anddetailedanalysishasshownthatspecificlayersofneuronsaresensitivetoparticularorientationsofinputstimuli,sothatonelayerrespondsmaximallytohorizontallines,whileanotherrespondstoverticalones（大腦皮層的視覺部分尤其有趣。在視覺皮層中，對(duì)細(xì)胞的電刺激可以產(chǎn)生光的感覺，詳細(xì)分析表明，特定的神經(jīng)元層對(duì)特定的輸入刺激方向敏感，因此，一層對(duì)水平線反應(yīng)最大，而另一層對(duì)垂直線反應(yīng)最大）所以排除C、D選項(xiàng)，答案選A，選項(xiàng)B沒有提及。

第5題:主旨大意題。A選項(xiàng)“大腦皮層”；B選項(xiàng)“神經(jīng)元的特殊層”；C選項(xiàng)“大腦的結(jié)構(gòu)”；D選項(xiàng)“大腦半球”。原文最開始引出了大腦皮層這一話題，通過舉了狗和視覺皮層中的例子來表明大腦皮層的作用，提出“大腦皮層似乎是大腦高階功能的所在地，也是智力的核心。大腦皮層多年來一直是研究人員研究的主題”這一概念，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。B，C，D選項(xiàng)都是文章中的片面的內(nèi)容，文章沒有花費(fèi)大量筆墨描寫“神經(jīng)元的特殊層”；“大腦的結(jié)構(gòu)”；D“大腦半球”，屬于以偏概全。

8.單選題

Wehavedoneallwecouldandnowourcherishedprojectis（

）ournewCEO.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ontheagendaof

B.inthepowerof

C.undertheguidanceof

D.withtheguidanceof

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)ontheagendaof“列入會(huì)議議程的”；B選項(xiàng)inthepowerof“受……支配，在……的控制下”；C選項(xiàng)undertheguidanceof“在……的指導(dǎo)下”；D選項(xiàng)withtheguidanceof“在……的指導(dǎo)下”，作伴隨狀語(yǔ)表原因。由project（項(xiàng)目）與CEO（執(zhí)行總裁）之間的關(guān)系可知項(xiàng)目應(yīng)處于CEO的控制下較符合邏輯搭配。句意：我們已經(jīng)竭盡所能，現(xiàn)在我們珍視的項(xiàng)目掌握在新任CEO的手中。

9.單選題

Mostpeopletendtothinktheyaresoefficientattheirjobthattheyare（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inaccessible

B.irreversible

C.immovable

D.irreplaceable

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A:inaccessible“達(dá)不到的；難見到的”；B:irreversible“不可逆的；不能翻轉(zhuǎn)的”；C:immovable“不可移動(dòng)的；固定的”；D:irreplaceable“不能調(diào)換的；不能代替的”。句意：大多數(shù)人都認(rèn)為自己的工作效率很高，無人能取代他們。結(jié)合句意，故D為正確答案。

10.單選題

BigBenisoneofLondon’sbest-knownlandmark,andlooksmostspectacularatnightwhentheclockfacesarelighted.Youevenknowwhenparliamentisinsession,becausealightshinesabovetheclockface.

Thefourdialsoftheclockare23feetsquare,theminutehandis14feetlongandthefiguresare2feethigh.Minutelyregulated（校準(zhǔn)）withastackofcoinsplacedonthehugependulum,BigBenisanexcellenttimekeeper,whichhasrarelystopped.

ThenameBigBenactuallyrefersnottotheclock-toweritself,buttothethirteen-tonbellhungwithin.Thebellwasnamedafterthefirstcommissionerofworks,SirBenjaminHall.ThisbellcameoriginallyfromtheoldPalaceofWestminster,andwasgiventotheDeanofSt.PaulbyWilliamIII.BeforereturningtoWestminstertohanginitspresenthome,itwasrefashionedinWhitechapelin1858.TheBBCfirstbroadcastthechimes（報(bào)時(shí)）onthe31stDecember1923—thereisamicrophoneintheturretconnectedtoBroadcastingHouse.

DuringtheSecondWorldWarin1941,abombdestroyedtheLowerChamberoftheHouseofParliament,buttheclocktowerremainedintactandBigBencontinuedtokeeptimeandstrikeawaythehours,itsuniquesoundwasbroadcasttothenationandaroundtheworld,awelcomereassuranceofhopetoallwhoheardit.

Thetowerisnotopentothegeneralpublic,butthosewitha“specialinterest”mayarrangeavisittothetopoftheClockTowerthroughtheirlocal（UK）MP.

1.Whenparliamenthasmeeting（）.

2.Whichoffollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?

3.Thebellwasonceownedby（）.

4.TheBBCfirstbroadcastthechimesontheeveof（）.

5.Theword“intact”inLine2,Para.4probablymeans（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.alightisonabovetheface

B.theclockfacesarelighted

C.BigBenstrikesthetime

D.BigBenlightstheparliament

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.BigBenhasonlyonehand.

B.BigBenhasneverstopped.

C.BigBenhasahugependulummadeofcoins.

D.CoinsareusedtomakeBigBenworkmoreprecisely.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.theBBC

B.theDeanofSt.Paul

C.SirBenjaminHall

D.theoldPalaceofWestminster

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.1858

B.1923

C.1924

D.1941

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.uncut

B.unharmed

C.uninjured

D.undamaged

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第一段第二句Youevenknowwhenparliamentisinsession,becausealightshinesabovetheclockface.（你甚至知道議會(huì)什么時(shí)候開會(huì)，因?yàn)橐槐K燈在鐘面上方閃爍。）由此得知A選項(xiàng)“鐘面上有一盞燈”正確。B選項(xiàng)“鐘面是亮的”并不準(zhǔn)確；C選項(xiàng)“大本鐘在報(bào)時(shí)”沒有提及；D選項(xiàng)“大本鐘照亮了議會(huì)”不對(duì)。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干信息定位到第二段第二句話Minutelyregulatedwithastackofcoinsplacedonthehugependulum,BigBenisanexcellenttimekeeper,whichhasrarelystopped.（大本鐘的鐘擺上放置了一堆硬幣，精確地調(diào)節(jié)著時(shí)間，它是一個(gè)出色的計(jì)時(shí)器，很少停下來。）因此D選項(xiàng)“硬幣被用來使大本鐘工作得更精確”正確。A選項(xiàng)“大本鐘只有一個(gè)指針”在第二段的第一句話Thefourdialsoftheclockare23feetsquare,theminutehandis14feetlongandthefiguresare2feethigh.（這個(gè)鐘的四個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)盤是23平方英尺，分針是14英尺長(zhǎng)，數(shù)字是2英尺高。）這里可以看出大本鐘是否有多于一個(gè)指針原文并沒有提及；B選項(xiàng)“大本鐘從不停止轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)”，原文說大本鐘很少停下，說明它還是會(huì)停止，只是很罕見；C選項(xiàng)“大本鐘有一個(gè)由硬幣組成的巨大鐘擺”，硬幣只是讓大本鐘變得更準(zhǔn)確，但并不是它的鐘擺組成。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)原文定位到第三段的第三句話ThisbellcameoriginallyfromtheoldPalaceofWestminster,andwasgiventotheDeanofSt.PaulbyWilliamIII.（這只鐘最初來自威斯敏斯特宮，是威廉三世送給圣保羅教長(zhǎng)的。）因此B選項(xiàng)“它是屬于圣保羅的教長(zhǎng)的”正確。A、C、D均不符合原文。

4.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到第三段的倒數(shù)第一句話TheBBCfirstbroadcastthechimesonthe31stDecember1923—thereisamicrophoneintheturretconnectedtoBroadcastingHouse.（英國(guó)廣播公司于1923年12月31日首次播放了大本鐘，它的信息塔上有一個(gè)麥克風(fēng)連接到廣播大樓。）而原文問的是在哪一年的前夜，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)在倒數(shù)第三段BeforereturningtoWestminstertohanginitspresenthome,itwasrefashionedinWhitechapelin1858.（在回到威斯敏斯特懸掛在現(xiàn)在的家中之前，它在1858年被重新設(shè)計(jì)在白色教堂。）與事件不符合；B選項(xiàng)與題干不符合；D選項(xiàng)在倒數(shù)第二段DuringtheSecondWorldWarin1941,abombdestroyedtheLowerChamberoftheHouseofParliament（1941年第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間，一枚炸彈摧毀了下議院的議會(huì)）與事件不符。

5.語(yǔ)義推測(cè)題。根據(jù)題干定位到第四段DuringtheSecondWorldWarin1941,abombdestroyedtheLowerChamberoftheHouseofParliament,buttheclocktowerremainedintactandBigBencontinuedtokeeptimeandstrikeawaythehours（1941年第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間，一枚炸彈摧毀了下議院的議會(huì)，但鐘樓仍完好無損，大本鐘繼續(xù)計(jì)時(shí)，不停地敲響鐘聲）根據(jù)原文含義可知intact意為“完整的，原封不動(dòng)的”。A選項(xiàng)“未切的，毛邊的，未雕琢的，未割的”；B選項(xiàng)“無恙的；沒有受傷的（用于人）”；C選項(xiàng)“未受傷害的；未蒙損失的（多用于人或器官）”；D選項(xiàng)“未毀壞的，未損壞的（多用于物品）”，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Heisofteninclinedto（

）inotherpeople’saffairs,whichisnoneofhisbusiness.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.manipulated

B.lumbered

C.meddle

D.littered

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:他總是喜歡插手別人的事，那些事跟他毫無關(guān)系。

manipulate操縱；操作；巧妙地處理；篡改。lumber緩慢吃力地移動(dòng);笨拙地行進(jìn);迫使擔(dān)負(fù)(職責(zé)等)。meddle管閑事;干涉;干預(yù);瞎搞，亂弄(尤指不應(yīng)管或不懂的事物)。littern.亂丟；給...墊褥草；把...弄得亂七八糟;亂扔廢棄物。

12.單選題

Despiteatendencytobeovertly（

），thepoetryoftheMiddleAgesoftensparkstheimaginationandprovideslivelyentertainment,aswellaspioussentiments.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.diverting

B.didactic

C.whimsical

D.romantic

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。diverting“有趣的；令人快樂的”；didactic“說教的；教誨的”；whimsical“古怪的；異想天開的”；romantic“浪漫的；多情的；空想的”。句意：盡管中世紀(jì)的詩(shī)歌有說教的明顯傾向，但是它卻經(jīng)常激發(fā)想象力，提供充滿生氣的娛樂和虔誠(chéng)的心情。由thepoetryoftheMiddleAges中世紀(jì)的詩(shī)歌可知其特點(diǎn)，另外由despite表讓步也可知前后兩句句意相反，B項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)意。

13.單選題

TheGermancompanyretaineda（）positioninhormoneresearch.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.chair

B.pole

C.soap

D.floor

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定短語(yǔ)搭配。A選項(xiàng)chair“椅子；講座；主席位；大學(xué)教授的職位”；B選項(xiàng)pole“桿；極點(diǎn)；電極”；C選項(xiàng)soap“肥皂；將肥皂涂在……上；對(duì)……拍馬屁”；D選項(xiàng)floor“地板，地面；樓層；基底；議員席”。poleposition指的是方程式賽車中的“竿位”，即決賽中排在第一位出發(fā)的選手。“竿位”由決賽前排位賽中成績(jī)最好的車手獲得。此外，poleposition還可表示“跑道內(nèi)圈；有利位置”。句意：這家德國(guó)公司在激素研究方面保持著有利地位。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

14.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Sheisseriouslyill.

B.Shehastolookafterherhusbandathome.

C.Shewillpersuadeherhusbandtogotohospital.

D.Shewillbetakengoodcareofbyhersisteranddaughter.

【答案】C

【解析】W:Oh,Icouldn'tpossiblydothat.Icouldn’ttellmyhusbandandanyway,who’dlookafterhim?

M:Icanunderstandyourconcerns.Ifyouknewthathewouldhavecomeheretoday,whatdoyouthinkhewouldsay?

W:He’dbesoworried.Hedoesn’tlikeitwhenanyoneissickandhehateshospitals.

M:Well,youmightalsothinkaboutwhatyouwouldsaytoyoursisteranddaughter?

Q:Whatcanbeinferredaboutthewoman?

【解析】女士說：Icouldn’ttellmyhusbandandanyway（我不知道怎么開口告訴他），He’dbesoworried.Hedoesn’tlikeitwhenanyoneissickandhehateshospitals（他平時(shí)就恨生病，也討厭來醫(yī)院），因此她一直焦慮如何說服丈夫來醫(yī)院。

15.單選題

TherearetwocolumnsmarkedAandBbelow.10setwordsarelistedincolumnAwiththedefinitionsprovidedincolumnB.StudythephrasesincolumnAcarefullyandmatcheachwordwiththecorrectdefinitionincolumnB.

ColumnA

1.vitality

2.prompting

3.instantaneous

4.dynamic

5.prudent

6.original

7.feverish

8.facilitate

9.likewise

10.sponsor

ColumnB

A.excited;restless

B.forcethatproduceschange,actionoreffects;energeticandforceful

C.persistentenergy;livelinessorvigor

D.similarly;also

E.happeningordoneimmediately

F.makesomethingeasyorlessdifficult

G.urgingorpersuading

H.existingfromthebeginning;creative;fresh

I.personwhomakeshimselfresponsibleforanother;personwhoputsforwardaproposal

J.showinggoodjudgment;actingwithcareandforesight

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.excited;restless

B.forcethatproduceschange,actionoreffects;energeticandforceful

C.persistentenergy;livelinessorvigor

D.similarly;also

E.happeningordoneimmediately

F.makesomethingeasyorlessdifficult

G.urgingorpersuading

H.existingfromthebeginning;creative;fresh

I.personwhomakeshimselfresponsibleforanother;personwhoputsforwardaproposal

J.showinggoodjudgment;actingwithcareandforesight

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.excited;restless

B.forcethatproduceschange,actionoreffects;energeticandforceful

C.persistentenergy;livelinessorvigor

D.similarly;also

E.happeningordoneimmediately

F.makesomethingeasyorlessdifficult

G.urgingorpersuading

H.existingfromthebeginning;creative;fresh

I.personwhomakeshimselfresponsibleforanother;personwhoputsforwardaproposal

J.showinggoodjudgment;actingwithcareandforesight

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.excited;restless

B.forcethatproduceschange,actionoreffects;energeticandforceful

C.persistentenergy;livelinessorvigor

D.similarly;also

E.happeningordoneimmediately

F.makesomethingeasyorlessdifficult

G.urgingorpersuading

H.existingfromthebeginning;creative;fresh

I.personwhomakeshimselfresponsibleforanother;personwhoputsforwardaproposal

J.showinggoodjudgment;actingwithcareandforesight

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.excited;restless

B.forcethatproduceschange,actionoreffects;energeticandforceful

C.persistentenergy;livelinessorvigor

D.similarly;also

E.happeningordoneimmediately

F.makesomethingeasyorlessdifficult

G.urgingorpersuading

H.existingfromthebeginning;creative;fresh

I.personwhomakeshimselfresponsibleforanother;personwhoputsforwardaproposal

J.showinggoodjudgment;actingwithcareandforesight

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.excited;restless

B.forcethatproduceschange,actionoreffects;energeticandforceful

C.persistentenergy;livelinessorvigor

D.similarly;also

E.happeningordoneimmediately

F.makesomethingeasyorlessdifficult

G.urgingorpersuading

H.existingfromthebeginning;creative;fresh

I.personwhomakeshimselfresponsibleforanother;personwhoputsforwardaproposal

J.showinggoodjudgment;actingwithcareandforesight

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.excited;restless

B.forcethatproduceschange,actionoreffects;energeticandforceful

C.persistentenergy;livelinessorvigor

D.similarly;also

E.happeningordoneimmediately

F.makesomethingeasyorlessdifficult

G.urgingorpersuading

H.existingfromthebeginning;creative;fresh

I.personwhomakeshimselfresponsibleforanother;personwhoputsforwardaproposal

J.showinggoodjudgment;actingwithcareandforesight

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.excited;restless

B.forcethatproduceschange,actionoreffects;energeticandforceful

C.persistentenergy;livelinessorvigor

D.similarly;also

E.happeningordoneimmediately

F.makesomethingeasyorlessdifficult

G.urgingorpersuading

H.existingfromthebeginning;creative;fresh

I.personwhomakeshimselfresponsibleforanother;personwhoputsforwardaproposal

J.showinggoodjudgment;actingwithcareandforesight

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.excited;restless

B.forcethatproduceschange,actionoreffects;energeticandforceful

C.persistentenergy;livelinessorvigor

D.similarly;also

E.happeningordoneimmediately

F.makesomethingeasyorlessdifficult

G.urgingorpersuading

H.existingfromthebeginning;creative;fresh

I.personwhomakeshimselfresponsibleforanother;personwhoputsforwardaproposal

J.showinggoodjudgment;actingwithcareandforesight

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.excited;restless

B.forcethatproduceschange,actionoreffects;energeticandforceful

C.persistentenergy;livelinessorvigor

D.similarly;also

E.happeningordoneimmediately

F.makesomethingeasyorlessdifficult

G.urgingorpersuading

H.existingfromthebeginning;creative;fresh

I.personwhomakeshimselfresponsibleforanother;personwhoputsforwardaproposal

J.showinggoodjudgment;actingwithcareandforesight

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.excited;restless

B.forcethatproduceschange,actionoreffects;energeticandforceful

C.persistentenergy;livelinessorvigor

D.similarly;also

E.happeningordoneimmediately

F.makesomethingeasyorlessdifficult

G.urgingorpersuading

H.existingfromthebeginning;creative;fresh

I.personwhomakeshimselfresponsibleforanother;personwhoputsforwardaproposal

J.showinggoodjudgment;actingwithcareandforesight

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:G

第3題:E

第4題:B

第5題:J

第6題:H

第7題:A

第8題:F

第9題:D

第10題:I

【解析】第1題:vitality“生命力，活力，熱情”。

第2題:prompting“促進(jìn)，鼓舞”。

第3題:instantaneous“即刻的，立刻的”。

第4題:dynamic“動(dòng)力”，名詞；“精力充沛的”，形容詞。

第5題:prudent“謹(jǐn)慎的”。

第6題:original“最初的，獨(dú)創(chuàng)的”。

第7題:feverish“發(fā)熱的；極度興奮的”。

第8題:facilitate“促進(jìn)”。

第9題:likewise“同樣地”。

第10題:sponsor“主辦者，保證人”。

16.單選題

Hopingthathemightbeableto（

）theproblem,IaskedManiotolookattheengine.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.shedlighton

B.makelightof

C.bringlightto

D.setlightto

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。shedlighton“解釋；闡明”；makelightof“輕視；對(duì)……不在乎”；bringlightto“為……帶來光明”；setlightto“點(diǎn)火；引火燒”。句意：我請(qǐng)馬里奧看看這個(gè)引擎，希望他可以解決這個(gè)問題。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

17.單選題

Foryearspediaticiansdidn’tworrymuchabouttreatinghypertensionintheirpatients.Afterall,kidsgrowsofast,it’shardkeepingupwiththeirshoesize,letalonetheirbloodpressure.Sure,hypertensioninadultsplacesthematgreaterriskofheartattackandstroke.Butnobodylikestheideaofstartingyoungstersonblood-pressuremedicinetheycouldwinduptakingtherestoftheirlives.Whoknowswhatpreviouslyunheard-ofsideeffectscouldcropupafterfiveprsixdecadesofdailyuse?

Therationalehasbeen:kidsgrowoutofsomanythings,maybethey'llgrowoutofthistoo.

Now,though,comeswordthathighbloodpressurecanbedestructiveeveninchildhood.AccordingtoarecentreportinthejournalCirculation,19of130childrenwithhighbloodpressuredevelopedadangerousthickeningoftheheartmusclethat,inadultsatleast,hasbeenlinkedtoheartfailure.“Nooneknowsifthispatternholdstrueforyoungerpatientsaswell,”saysDr.StephenDaniels,apediatriccardiologistwholedthestudyatChildrensHospitalMedicalCenterinCincinnati,Ohio.“Butit’sworrisome.”

Who’smostatrisk?Boysmorethangirls,especiallyboyswhoareoverweight.Theirheartworkssohardtoforcebloodthroughextralayersoffatthatitswallsgrowmoredense.Then,afterdecadesofstraining,itgrowstoobigtopumpbloodverywell.Fortunatelytheabnormal,thickeningcanbespottedbyultrasound.Andinmostcase,gettingthatbloodpressureundercontrol—throughweightlossandexerciseor,asalastresort,drugtreatment一allowstheoverworkedmuscletoshrinktonormalsize.

Howcanyoutellifyoursarelikethe670,000Americanchildrenages10to18withhighbloodpressure?It’snotthesortofthingyoucancatchbyputtingyourchild’sarminacuffatthefreemonitoringstationinyourlocalgrocery.Youshouldhaveatestdonebyadoctor,whowillconsultspecialtablesthatindicatemenormalrangeofbloodpressureforaparticularchild’sage,heightandsex.Ifthedoctorfindsanabnormalresulthewillrepeatthetestoveraperiodofmonthstomakesurethereadingisn’tafake.He’llalsocheck,whetherotherconditions,likekidneydisease,couldbethesourceofthetrouble.BecausehypertensioncanbehardtodetecttheNationalHeart,LungandBloodInstituterecommendsannualblood-pressurechecksforeverychildoverage3.

Abouthalfthecasesofhypertensionstemdirectlyfromkidsbeingoverweight.Andtheproblemislikelytogrow.Overthepast30yearstheproportionofchildrenintheU.S.whoareoverweighthasdoubled,from5%to11%or4.7millionkids.

Youcankeepyourchildrenfromjoiningtheirranksbyclearingthejunkfoodfromyourpantryandhookingyoukids—theearlierthebetter一onhealthy,attractivesnackslikefruits(tryfreezinggrapesorcarrotstickswithsalsa).Notonlywilltheyloweryourchildren’sbloodpressure:thesefoodswillalsoboosttheirimmunesystemandunclogtheirplumbing.Meanwhile,makesureyourkidsspendmoretimeontheplaygroundthanwiththeirPlay-Station.Eveniftheydon’tshedapound,vigorousexercisewillhelpkeeptheirbloodvesselsniceandwide,loweringtheirbloodpressure.Andofcourse,they’llbemorelikelytoeatlightandexerciseifyousetagoodexample.

1.Theword“unclog”inthelastparagraphcanbereplacedby（）.

2.Bysaying“It’snotthesortofthingyoucancatchbyputtingyourchild’sarminacuffatthefreemonitoringstationinyourlocalgrocery”,thewriterimplies（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingisnotsuggestedbythewritertocontrolhypertension?

4.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.fix

B.clear

C.hinder

D.dismantle

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.hypertensionishardtodetect

B.childrenoftenrefusetohavetheirbloodpressuretested

C.you’llhavetopayalotofmoneyifyouwanttohaveyourchild’sbloodpressurecheckedinagrocery

D.inalocalgrocery,youarefreetodeterminehowtohaveyourchild’bloodpressureexamined

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Drugtreatment.

B.Weightloss.

C.Exercise.

D.Overwork.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.childrenwithhypertensionareunlikelytosufferfromheartattackandstroke

B.parent'sbloodpressuredecidestheirchildren’sbloodpressure

C.besidesoverweight,thereareotherfactorsresultinginhypertension

D.vigorousexercisesometimeswillleadtohearttrouble

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

【解析】第1題:1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

1.Theword“unclog”inthelastparagraphcanbereplacedby______.1.最后一段的unclog可以用______代替。

A.fixA.修理

B.clearB.清除

C.hinderC.阻礙

D.dismantleD.拆卸

【考查點(diǎn)】詞義推測(cè)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至最后一段第二句“這些食物不僅能降低孩子的血壓，還能增強(qiáng)他們的免疫系統(tǒng)，unclog他們的管道”，可知，既然是有益的食物，當(dāng)然是能疏通和清潔管道。所以u(píng)nclog的意思是“疏通”的意思，只有B項(xiàng)“清理，清除”意思與之相近。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A項(xiàng)“修理”、C項(xiàng)“阻礙”和D項(xiàng)“拆卸”都是曲解原文。

第2題:2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

2.Bysaying“It’snotthesortofthingyoucancatchbyputtingyourchild’sarminacuffatthefreemonitoringstationinyourlocalgrocery”,thewriterimplies______.2.通過說“這不是那種你在當(dāng)?shù)仉s貨店的免費(fèi)監(jiān)測(cè)站把孩子的手臂套在袖口上就能抓到的東西”，作者想表示______。

A.hypertensionishardtodetectA.高血壓很難檢測(cè)

B.childrenoftenrefusetohavetheirbloodpressuretestedB.孩子們經(jīng)常拒絕測(cè)量血壓

C.you’llhavetopayalotofmoneyifyouwanttohaveyourchild’sbloodpressurecheckedinagroceryC.如果你想在雜貨店檢查孩子的血壓，你將不得不支付一大筆錢

D.inalocalgrocery,youarefreetodeterminehowtohaveyourchild’bloodpressureexaminedD.在當(dāng)?shù)氐囊患译s貨店，你可以自由決定如何檢查孩子的血壓

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至第五段第二句“這不是那種你在當(dāng)?shù)仉s貨店的免費(fèi)監(jiān)測(cè)站把你的孩子的手臂綁在袖口上就能抓到的東西”，結(jié)合上一句“你怎么知道你的孩子是不是像67萬10到18歲患有高血壓的美國(guó)孩子一樣呢？”，以及第五段一直強(qiáng)調(diào)檢測(cè)兒童是否高血壓，醫(yī)生需要參考特殊的表格，如果有異常的話需要醫(yī)生重復(fù)進(jìn)行測(cè)試，來確保讀數(shù)為真，還要檢查是否有其他的疾病引起高血壓，第五段最后一句更是直接點(diǎn)明“因?yàn)楦哐獕汉茈y被發(fā)現(xiàn)，國(guó)家心肺血液研究所建議每年對(duì)每個(gè)3歲以上的兒童進(jìn)行血壓檢查”，可以推測(cè)出作是想表達(dá)測(cè)量高血壓并非易事，所以并不是在當(dāng)?shù)仉s貨店通過簡(jiǎn)單的檢測(cè)機(jī)器就可以檢查出的，必須去醫(yī)院做檢查，故該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B項(xiàng)“孩子們經(jīng)常拒絕測(cè)量血壓”原文未提及，屬于無中生有；

C項(xiàng)“如果你想在雜貨店檢查孩子的血壓，你將不得不支付一大筆錢”與原文不符合，原文已經(jīng)提到雜貨店的監(jiān)測(cè)站是免費(fèi)的，該項(xiàng)反向干擾；

D項(xiàng)“在當(dāng)?shù)氐囊患译s貨店，你可以自由決定如何