考研考博-英語(yǔ)-上海興偉學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解2

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-上海興偉學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Myneighborsoneithersideofmehavepaintedtheirhouses,（

）ofcoursemakesmyhouselookshabbierthanitreallyis.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.that

B.as

C.who

D.which

【答案】D

【解析】考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。空格處所填單詞指代前面句子的內(nèi)容，即我兩邊鄰居都給他們的房子刷了漆，也就是指這件事，故排除BC兩項(xiàng)。再由空格前的逗號(hào)可知，次從句為非限制性定從，故用which引導(dǎo)。句意：我兩邊的鄰居都給他們的房子刷了漆，這讓我的房子比實(shí)際上更顯得破舊。答案D

2.單選題

Mypurposeistoconsiderif,inpoliticalsociety,therecanbeanylegitimateandsureprincipleofgovernment,takingmenastheyareandlawsastheymightbe.InthisinquiryIshalltryalwaystobringtogether（

）with（

）sothatjusticeandutilityareinonewaydivided.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.whichrightpermitted...whichinterestprescribed

B.whatrightpermits...whichinterestprescribed

C.whatrightpermits...whatinterestprescribes

D.whichrightpermitted...whatinterestprescribes

【答案】C

【解析】考查賓語(yǔ)從句。由選項(xiàng)和空格前動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)bringtogether“使結(jié)合”可知此題考點(diǎn)，with連接的兩個(gè)部分作賓語(yǔ)。which和what都可引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，但what指代的對(duì)象沒(méi)有限定范圍，而which受限制。由句意判斷此處應(yīng)表示“權(quán)利允許的一切以及利益要求的一切”，因此都應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)。C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.單選題

Hebuiltalargefencebecauseheheardhisneighborwasgoingto（）onhisproperty.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.apposite

B.execrable

C.utilitarian

D.impinge

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。impingeon“影響；撞擊；侵犯”。句意為：因?yàn)槁?tīng)說(shuō)鄰居將會(huì)侵犯自己的財(cái)產(chǎn)，所以他修建了一個(gè)大的圍欄。根據(jù)句意可知D選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Don’tletsucha（）matterasthiscomebetweenussothatwecanconcentrateonthemajorissue.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.trivial

B.partial

C.slight

D.minimal

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)trivial“不重要的，瑣碎的”，trivialmatter是固定搭配，表示“瑣事”；B選項(xiàng)partial“偏愛(ài)的，不公平的”；C選項(xiàng)slight“輕微的，少量的”；D選項(xiàng)minimal“最低的，最小限度的”。句意：不要讓這件小事造成我們之間的障礙，以便我們能夠?qū)⒕性谥饕氖虑樯?。由選項(xiàng)意思和句意可知，A選項(xiàng)符合句意。

5.單選題

TheForeignMinistryholdsweeklypressconferencesto（）reporters（）thelatestdevelopmentindiplomacy.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.confer...upon

B.burden...with

C.fill...inon

D.adjust...to

【答案】C

【解析】固定搭配辨析。fillsB.inon為固定搭配,意為"詳細(xì)告訴某人"。句意：外交部每周舉行新聞發(fā)布會(huì),詳細(xì)向記者介紹外交的最新發(fā)展。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

6.單選題

Spaceisadangerousplace,notonlybecauseofmeteorsbutalsobecauseofraysfromthesunandotherstars.Theatmosphereagainactsasourprotectiveblanketontheearth.Lightgetsthrough,andthisisessentialforplantstomakethefoodwhichweeat.Heat,too,makesourenvironmentstolerableandsomeultravioletrayspenetratetheatmosphere.Cosmicraysofvariouskindscomethroughtheairfromouterspace,butenormousquantitiesofradiationfromthesyncarescreenedoff.Assoonasmenleavetheatmospheretheyareexposedtothisradiationbuttheirspacesuitsorthewallsoftheirspacecraft,iftheyareinside,dopreventalotofradiationdamage.

Radiationisthegreatestknowndangertoexplorersinspace.Dosesofradiationaremeasuredinunitscalled“rems”.WeallreceiveradiationhereontheEarthfromthesun,fromcosmicraysandfromradioactiveminerals.The“normal”doseofradiationthatwereceiveeachyearisabout100millirems(0.1rem);itvariesaccordingtowhereyoulive,andthisisaveryroughestimate.Scientistshavereasontothinkthatamancanputupwithfarmoreradiationthanthiswithoutbeingdamaged;thefigureof60remshasbeenagreed.Thetroubleisthatitisextremelydifficulttobesureaboutradiationdamage——apersonmayfeelperfectlywell,butthecellsofhisorhersexorgansmaybedamaged,andthiswillnotbediscovereduntilthebirthof(deformed)childrenorevengrandchildren.

EarlyspaceprobesshowedthatradiationvariesindifferentpartsofspacearoundtheEarth.Italsovariesintimebecause,whengreatspurtsofgasshootoutofthesun(solarflares),theyareaccompaniedbyalotofextraradiation.Someestimatesoftheamountofradiationinspace,basedonvariousmeasurementsandcalculations,areaslowas10remsperyear,othersareashighas5remsperhour.Missionstothemoon(theApolloflights)havehadtocrosstheVanAllenbeltsofhighradiationand,duringtheoutwardandreturnjourneys,theApollo8crewaccumulatedatotaldoseofabout200milliremsperman.ItwashopedthattherewouldnotbeanylargesolarflaresduringthetimesoftheApollomoonwalksbecausethewallsoftheLEMs(lunarexcursionmodules)werenotthickenoughtoprotectthemeninside,thoughthecommandmodulesdidgivereasonableprotection.Sofar,nodangerousdosesofradiationhavebeenreported,buttheGeminiorbitsandtheApollomissionshavebeenquiteshort.Wesimplydonotknowyethowmenaregoingtogetonwhentheyspendweeksandmonthsoutsidetheprotectionoftheatmosphere,workinginaspacelaboratoryorinabaseonthemoon.Drugsmighthelptodecreasethedamagedonebyradiation,butnoreallyeffectiveoneshavebeenfoundsofar.

Atpresent,radiationseemstobethegreatestphysicalhazardtospacetravelers,butitisimpossibletosayjusthowseriousthehazardwillturnouttobeinthefuture.

1.Scientistshavefixedasafetylevelof（）.

2.Thespacemenwereworriedaboutsolarflareswhentheywere（）.

3.Whenmenspendlongperiodsinspacehowwilltheyprotectthemselves?

4.Whichofthefollowingistrue?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.10remsperyear

B.60remsperyear

C.100milliremsperyear

D.5remsperhour

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.crossingtheVanAllenbelts

B.settingupamoonbase

C.exploringthesurfaceofthemoon

D.waitinginthecommandmodule

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Bytakingspecialdrugs.

B.Bywearingspecialsuits.

C.Byusingaprotectiveblanket.

D.Nosolutionhasbeenfoundyet.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thegrandchildrenofastronautsaredeformed.

B.Thechildrenofastronautshavedamagedsexorgans.

C.Radiationdamagemayshowonlyinlatergenerations.

D.Radiationdoesnotseemtobeveryharmful.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:C

【解析】第1題:1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

1.Scientistshavefixedasafetylevelof______.1.科學(xué)家們確定了______的安全水平。

A.10remsperyearA.每年10雷姆

B.60remsperyearB.每年60雷姆

C.100milliremsperyearC.每年100毫雷姆

D.5remsperhourD.每小時(shí)5雷姆

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句“科學(xué)家們有理由認(rèn)為，一個(gè)人可以忍受比這多得多的輻射而不受傷害，60雷姆的數(shù)字已經(jīng)商定”，從中可知，科學(xué)家們能夠確定每年60雷姆是安全水平，B項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“每年10雷姆”和D項(xiàng)“每小時(shí)5雷姆”為測(cè)量的空間輻射量，并不是科學(xué)家們確定的安全水平，屬于張冠李戴；

C項(xiàng)“每年100毫雷姆”是對(duì)我們每年接受的“正常”輻射劑量的粗略估計(jì)，不是科學(xué)家們的計(jì)算，屬于張冠李戴。

第2題:2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

2.Thespacemenwereworriedaboutsolarflareswhentheywere______.2.宇航員們?cè)赺_____時(shí)擔(dān)心太陽(yáng)耀斑。

A.crossingtheVanAllenbeltsA.穿過(guò)范艾倫帶

B.settingupamoonbaseB.建立月球基地

C.exploringthesurfaceofthemoonC.探索月球表面

D.waitinginthecommandmoduleD.在指令艙等待

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第四句“人們希望在阿波羅號(hào)月球行走期間不會(huì)有任何大的太陽(yáng)耀斑，因?yàn)樵虑蚵眯心K的墻壁不夠厚，不足以保護(hù)里面的人，盡管指令模塊確實(shí)提供了合理的保護(hù)”，從中可知，宇航員們?cè)谔剿髟虑虮砻鏁r(shí)擔(dān)心太陽(yáng)耀斑，C項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“穿過(guò)范艾倫帶”和B項(xiàng)“建立月球基地”都是在探索月球表面中做的事情，從屬于C項(xiàng)，所以這兩項(xiàng)屬于以偏概全；

D項(xiàng)“在指令艙等待”沒(méi)有提到，無(wú)中生有。

第3題:3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

3.Whenmenspendlongperiodsinspacehowwilltheyprotectthemselves?3.當(dāng)人長(zhǎng)時(shí)間待在太空時(shí)，他們將如何保護(hù)自己？

A.Bytakingspecialdrugs.A.通過(guò)服用特殊藥物。

B.Bywearingspecialsuits.B.穿特殊的衣服。

C.Byusingaprotectiveblanket.C.用保護(hù)性的毯子。

D.Nosolutionhasbeenfoundyet.D.目前還沒(méi)有找到解決辦法。

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第三段最后一句“藥物可能有助于減少輻射造成的損害，但迄今為止還沒(méi)有發(fā)現(xiàn)真正有效的藥物”，從中可知，雖然迄今為止沒(méi)有找到特效藥，但是藥物也是有助于減輕射線帶來(lái)的危害，所以是一種解決辦法，A項(xiàng)“通過(guò)服用特殊藥物”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B項(xiàng)“穿特殊的衣服”和C項(xiàng)“用保護(hù)性的毯子”在文中沒(méi)有提到，屬于無(wú)中生有；

D項(xiàng)“目前還沒(méi)有找到解決辦法”根據(jù)解題思路可知，該項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文。

第4題:4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

4.Whichofthefollowingistrue?4.下列哪項(xiàng)是正確的？

A.Thegrandchildrenofastronautsaredeformed.A.宇航員的孫輩都是畸形的。

B.Thechildrenofastronautshavedamagedsexorgans.B.宇航員的孩子會(huì)損壞性器官。

C.Radiationdamagemayshowonlyinlatergenerations.C.輻射損傷可能只會(huì)在后代中表現(xiàn)出來(lái)。

D.Radiationdoesnotseemtobeveryharmful.D.輻射似乎不是很有害。

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第二段最后一句“問(wèn)題是，很難確定輻射是否會(huì)造成損害，一個(gè)人可能感覺(jué)很好，但他或她的性器官細(xì)胞可能會(huì)受到損害，而且這種損害要等到孩子甚至孫輩出生后才會(huì)被發(fā)現(xiàn)”，可知，射線的危害程度不好確定，一個(gè)人可能感覺(jué)正常，但是潛在的危害要在后輩中才能發(fā)現(xiàn)，故C項(xiàng)“輻射損傷可能只會(huì)在后代中表現(xiàn)出來(lái)”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“宇航員的孫輩都是畸形的”表述太絕對(duì)，屬于曲解原文；

B項(xiàng)“宇航員的孩子會(huì)損壞性器官”，根據(jù)解題思路可知，是宇航員的性器官細(xì)胞可能會(huì)受到損害，該項(xiàng)曲解原文；

D項(xiàng)“輻射似乎不是很有害”，根據(jù)第二段第一句“輻射是已知的對(duì)太空探索者最大的危險(xiǎn)”可知，該項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾。

7.單選題

Intheend,thepolicehadto（

）toforceinordertobreakupthecrowd.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.confine

B.withdraw

C.employ

D.appeal

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。confine“限制；禁閉”；withdraw“撤退；離開(kāi)；收回”；employ“使用，采用；雇用”；appeal“呼吁；上訴；訴諸于”。句意：最后，警察為了驅(qū)散人群只能訴諸于武力。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

8.單選題

（）,Icouldn'tunderstandwhatismeantbythat.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.AsItryhard

B.HardasImighttry

C.Imighttryhard

D.Itriedhard

【答案】B

【解析】語(yǔ)法題。考查倒裝。句意：盡管我很努力，我還是不明白那是什么意思。這里是as（盡管）引導(dǎo)的倒裝句結(jié)構(gòu)：adj./adv.+as+主語(yǔ)+其他成份，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Atallagesandatallstagesoflife,fearpresentsaproblemtoalmosteveryone.“Wearelargelytheplaythingsofourfears,"wrotetheBritishauthorHoraceWalpolemanyyearsago."Toone,fearofthedark;toanother,ofphysicalpain;toathird,ofpublicridicule;toafourth,ofpoverty;toafifth,ofloneliness—forallofusourparticularcreaturewaitsinahiddenplace.”

Fearisoftenausefulemotion.Whenyoubecomefrightened,manyphysicalchangesoccurwithinyourbody.Yourheartbeatandresponsesquicken;yourpupilsexpandtoadmitmorelight;largequantitiesofenergy-producingadrenaline(腎上激素)arepouredintoyourbloodstream.Confrontedwithafireoraccident,fearcanfuellife-savingflight.Similarly,whenadangerispsychologicalratherthanphysical,fearcanforceyoutotakeself-protectivemeasures.Itisonlywhenfearisdisproportionaltothedangerathandthatitbecomesaproblem.

Somepeoplearesimplymorevulnerabletofearthanothers.Avisittothenewbornnurseryofanylargehospitalwilldemonstratethat,fromthemomentoftheirbirths,afewfortunateinfantsrespondcalmlytosuddenfear-producingsituationssuchasaloudlyslammeddoor.Yetaneighborinthenextbedmaycryoutwithprofoundfright.Frombirth,heorsheismorepronetolearnfearfulresponsesbecauseheorshehasinheritedatendencytobemoresensitive.

Further,psychologistsknowthatourearlyexperiencesandrelationshipsstronglyshapeanddetermineourlaterfears.AyoungmannamedBill,forexample,grewupwithafatherwhoregardedeachadversityasatemporaryobstacletobeovercomewithimaginationandcourage.Usinghisfatherasamodel,Billcametowelcomeadventureandtotrusthisownabilitytosolveproblem.

Phil’sdad,however,spentmostofhistimetryingtoprotecthimselfandhisfamily.Afraidtorisktheinsecurityofajobchange,heremainedunhappyinoneposition.Heavoidedlongvacationsbecause"thecarmightbreakdown."Growingupinsuchahome,Philnaturallylearnedtobecomefearfulandtense.

1.InthelastsentenceofParagraph1,“ourparticularcreature”refersto（

）.

2.Fearcanbeausefulemotiontousbecauseitcan

（

）.

3.Fearbecomesaproblemonlywhen

（

）.

4.Differentresponsesofnewborninfantstoaloudlyslammeddoorimplythat

（

）.

5.Psychologistshavefoundthatourlaterfearsaredeterminedlargelybyour（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fearofsomething

B.publicridicule

C.physicalpain

D.afiercebeast

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.quickenourheartbeatandresponses

B.helpusrespondquicklytodangerandprotectourselves

C.stimulatemanyphysicalchangeswithinourbody

D.pourlargequantitiesofadrenalineintoourbloodstream.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.onecannotstandthedanger

B.oneisnotwellpreparedforit

C.thedangerismorepsychologicalthanphysical

D.thedangeristhoughtgreaterthanitreallyis

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.peoplesometimesseemtoturnadeafeartonoise

B.somepeopleseemtobeverysensitivetonoise

C.somepeopleareinherentlymoreeasilyaffectedbydanger

D.people’sresponsetostimuliisnotaninheritedfeature

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.parents’lifestyle

B.earlyexperiences

C.schooleducation

D.homeeducation

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.詞義題。文章第一段的首句Atallagesandatallstagesoflife,fearpresentsaproblemtoalmosteveryone.（在生命的各個(gè)階段，恐懼對(duì)每個(gè)人來(lái)說(shuō)都幾乎是一個(gè)問(wèn)題）是本段的主題句，緊接著HoraceWalpole對(duì)所恐懼的東西進(jìn)行具體的舉例，如黑暗、身體疼痛、公開(kāi)嘲笑、貧困、孤獨(dú)，破折號(hào)后是對(duì)恐懼的這些東西的一個(gè)總的概括，由本段的主題fear及“forallofusourparticularcreaturewaitsinahiddenplace（對(duì)我們所有人來(lái)說(shuō)，這些特殊的東西藏在一個(gè)隱蔽的地方）”可知A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞usefulemotion定位到文章第二段，由Similarly,whenadangerispsychologicalratherthanphysical,fearcanforceyoutotakeself-protectivemeasures.（同樣，當(dāng)危險(xiǎn)是心理而不是身體時(shí)，恐懼會(huì)迫使你采取自我保護(hù)措施）可知B選項(xiàng)“幫助我們快速應(yīng)對(duì)危險(xiǎn)，保護(hù)自己”符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞aproblem定位到文章第二段Itisonlywhenfearisdisproportionaltothedangerathandthatitbecomesaproblem.（只有當(dāng)恐懼與眼前的危險(xiǎn)不成比例時(shí)，它才會(huì)成為一個(gè)問(wèn)題）可知D選項(xiàng)“危險(xiǎn)比實(shí)際情況更大”符合題意。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞newborn定位到文章第三段，本段的主題句為Somepeoplearesimplymorevulnerabletofearthanothers.（有些人比其他人更容易受到恐懼的傷害）。由Frombirth,heorsheismorepronetolearnfearfulresponsesbecauseheorshehasinheritedatendencytobemoresensitive.（從出生起，他或她更容易學(xué)會(huì)恐懼的反應(yīng)，因?yàn)樗蛩z傳了一種更敏感的傾向）可知有些人生下來(lái)就更容易受到恐懼的影響，舉例是為了表明本段的主題句，因此C選項(xiàng)“有些人天生就更容易受到危險(xiǎn)的影響”符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞psychologists定位到文章第四段，由psychologistsknowthatourearlyexperiencesandrelationshipsstronglyshapeanddetermineourlaterfears（心理學(xué)家確信我們?cè)缙诘慕?jīng)歷和關(guān)系很大程度地塑造和決定了我們?nèi)蘸蟮目謶郑┛芍狟選項(xiàng)“早期的經(jīng)歷”符合題意。

10.單選題

LastSundayshecametovisitusoutoftheblue.Theitalicizedphrasemeans（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.unexpectedly

B.unhappily

C.untidily

D.unofficially

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)unexpectedly“出乎意料地；意外地”；B選項(xiàng)unhappily“不幸地；遺憾地”；C選項(xiàng)untidily“不整潔地；凌亂地”；D選項(xiàng)unofficially“非正式地；非公認(rèn)地”。句意：上星期天她突然來(lái)看我們。這個(gè)斜體短語(yǔ)的意思是……。outoftheblue“突然地，意外地”，與A選項(xiàng)詞義相符。

11.填空題

【答案】1.was→were

2.speaking→spoken

3.去掉the

4.were→are

5.they→there

6.去掉are

7.on→in

8.in→on

9.east→East

10.was(of)great

【解析】1.考查therebe句型的用法。Therebe句型的構(gòu)成形式一般為“Thereis/are+某物/人+某地/時(shí)”，表示某地/時(shí)有某物/人。Therebe句型是英語(yǔ)中常用句型，意思是“有”，表示“人或事物的存在”或“某地有某物”。當(dāng)動(dòng)詞be后所接的名詞是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，be應(yīng)該取單數(shù)is；當(dāng)其后所接的名詞是復(fù)數(shù)的可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，be用復(fù)數(shù)are。該句中動(dòng)詞be后面接的名詞是languages，為復(fù)數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。句意：在這片大陸上有200到250種不同的語(yǔ)言。因此本題應(yīng)把was改為were。

2.考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做后置定語(yǔ)。后置定語(yǔ)即定語(yǔ)放在名詞后面，成為后置定語(yǔ)。由于該句已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞be動(dòng)詞，speaking應(yīng)作為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞來(lái)修飾languages。動(dòng)詞的非謂語(yǔ)形式，一般包括動(dòng)名詞、不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞。doing表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，并且/或者是名詞的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，單個(gè)-ing作定語(yǔ)后置，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作，-ing短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)一般后置，-ing作定語(yǔ)一般要求其動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或在說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)該動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，否則要用從句作定語(yǔ)。done表示已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，并且/或者是名詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。該句中的languages和speak是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，即語(yǔ)言被說(shuō)，所以應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞。句意：在這片大陸上有200到250種不同的語(yǔ)言。因此本題應(yīng)把speaking改為spoken。

3.考查over的固定用法。over+數(shù)字，表示數(shù)目，數(shù)量，時(shí)間，年齡等超過(guò)……所以over后面接數(shù)字表示“超過(guò)”意思時(shí)不用加the。句意：其中一些語(yǔ)言今天仍然存在：大約20種語(yǔ)言仍然存在，但超過(guò)150種現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)消失了。因此本題應(yīng)把the去掉。

4.考查時(shí)態(tài)一致。英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)一致也叫時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)。指在復(fù)合句中某些從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)往往受主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)的影響，因此，須保持主從兩部分從句中的時(shí)態(tài)一致。該句的主句部分謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)“donotknow”，根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)一致原則，從句部分的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。句意：我們現(xiàn)在還不知道整個(gè)大陸使用的所有語(yǔ)言的名稱(chēng)。因此本題應(yīng)把were改為are。

5.考查句意。句意：我們現(xiàn)在不知道整個(gè)大陸使用的所有語(yǔ)言的名稱(chēng)，但有一些生活在這個(gè)國(guó)家的各種各樣的風(fēng)景和氣候中的語(yǔ)言群體。如果不把they改為there，就會(huì)出現(xiàn)指代不明的現(xiàn)象。因此本題應(yīng)把they改為were。

6.考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)。英語(yǔ)句子中只能有一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，belivedin不是固定短語(yǔ)搭配，不能用來(lái)當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)，所以應(yīng)刪去be動(dòng)詞和livedin中的一個(gè)，而該句子想表達(dá)的意思是：生活在這個(gè)國(guó)家的各種各樣的風(fēng)景和氣候中的語(yǔ)言群體，所以不能刪去livedin。因此本題應(yīng)刪去are。

27.【試題答案】on→in

【試題解析】考查固定搭配。inthedesert“在沙漠；在沙漠里；在沙漠中”。句意：阿勒特人生活在沙漠地區(qū)。因此本題應(yīng)把on改為in。

8.考查固定搭配。ontheplain“在平原上”。句意：Thurrawai人、Dhurga人和Dyiringa人生活在東南部肥沃的Illawarra平原上。因此本題應(yīng)把in改為on。

9.考查專(zhuān)有名詞。SouthEast“東南；東南方的”為專(zhuān)有名詞，首字母應(yīng)大寫(xiě)。句意：Thurrawai人、Dhurga人和Dyiringa人生活在東南部肥沃的Illawarra平原上。因此本題應(yīng)把east改為East。

10.考查固定搭配。beofgreatsignificance“有重大意義的；意義重大”。句意：成為一個(gè)特定語(yǔ)言群體的成員具有重大的社會(huì)和文化意義。因此本題應(yīng)在was后面加上of。

12.單選題

IntheChinesehousehold,grandparentsandotherrelativesplay（）rolesin

raisingchildren.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.incapable

B.indispensable

C.insensible

D.infinite

【答案】B

【解析】句意：在中國(guó)家庭里，（外）祖父母和其他親戚在撫養(yǎng)孩子的過(guò)程中充當(dāng)（）的角色。A選項(xiàng)incapable無(wú)能力的；B選項(xiàng)indispensable不可缺少的；絕對(duì)必要的；C選項(xiàng)insensible無(wú)感覺(jué)的；D選項(xiàng)infinite無(wú)限的，B選項(xiàng)indispensable符合句意。

13.單選題

Detailedstudiesofthetribebythefoodscientistsat[A]theUniversityofLondonshowedthatgatheringisamoreproductivesourceoffood[B]thanishunting.Anhourofhuntingyields[C]onaverageabout100ediblecalories[D]asanhourofgatheringproduces240.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.the

B.thanishunting

C.on

D.as

【答案】D

【解析】考查語(yǔ)義邏輯。D選項(xiàng)處“Anhourofhuntingyieldsonaverageabout100ediblecalories”與后面“anhourofgatheringproduces240”形成對(duì)比，應(yīng)將as改為可表示對(duì)比關(guān)系的while或whereas。

14.單選題

SocialcircumstancesinEarlyModernEnglandmostlyservedtorepresswomen’svoices.Patriarchalcultureandinstitutionsconstructedthemaschaste,silent,obedient,andsubordinate.Atthebeginningof17thcentury,theideologyofpatriarchy,politicalabsolutism,andgenderhierarchywerereaffirmedpowerfullybyKingJamesinTheTrewLawofFreeMonarchieandtheBasilikonDoron;bythatideologytheabsolutepowerofGodthesupremepatriarchwasseentobeimagedintheabsolutemonarchofthestateandinthehusbandandfatherofafamily.Accordingly,awoman’ssubjection,firsttoherfatherandthentoherhusband,imagedthesubjectionofEnglishpeopletotheirmonarch,andofallChristianstoGod.Also,theperiodsawanoutpouringofrepressiveorovertlymisogynistsermons,tracts,andplays,detailingwomen’sphysicalandmentaldefects,spiritualevils,rebelliousness,shrewishness,andnaturalinferioritytomen.

Yetsomesocialandculturalconditionsservedtoempowerwomen.DuringtheElizabethanera(1558——1603)theculturewasdominatedbyapowerfulQueen,whoprovidedanimpressivefemaleexamplethoughsheleftscantculturalspaceforotherwomen.Elizabethanwomenwritersbegantoproduceoriginaltextsbutwereoccupiedchieflywithtranslation.Inthe17thcentury,however,variouscircumstancesenabledwomentowriteoriginaltextsinsomenumbers.Foronething,somecounterweighttopatriarchywasprovidedbyfemalecommunities—mothersanddaughters,extendedkinshipnetworks,closefemalefriends,theseparatecourtofQueenAnne(KingJames’consort)andheroftenop-positionalmasquesandpoliticalactivities.Foranother,mostofthesewomenhadareasonablygoodeducation(modernlanguages,history,literature,religion,music,occasionallyLatin)andsomeapparentlyfoundinromancesandhistoriesmoreexpansivetermsforimaginingwomen’slives.Also,representationofvigorousandrebelliousfemalecharactersinliteratureandespeciallyonthestagenodoubthelpedtoundermineanymonolithicsocialconstructofwomen’snatureandrole.

Mostimportant,perhaps,wastheradicalpotentialinherentintheProtestantinsistenceoneveryChristian’simmediaterelationshipwithGodandprimaryresponsibilitytofollowhisorherindividualconscience.ThereisplentyofsupportinStPaul’sepistlesandelsewhereintheBibleforpatriarchyandawife’ssubjectiontoherhusband,butsometexts(notablyGalatians3:28)inscribeaverydifferentpolitics,promotingwomen’sspiritualequality:“ThereisneitherJewnorGreek,thereisneitherbondnorfree,thereisneithermalenorfemale:foryearealloneinJesusChrist.”SuchtextsencouragedsomewomentoclaimthesupportofGodthesupremepatriarchagainstthevariousearthlypatriarchswhoclaimedtostandtowardtheminhisstead.

Thereisalsothegaporslippagebetweenideologyandcommonexperience.Englishwomenthroughoutthe17thcenturyexercisedagooddealofactualpower;asmanagersofestatesintheirhusbands’absencesatcourtoronmilitaryanddiplomaticmissions;asmembersofguilds;aswivesandmotherswhosometimesdominatedtheirmenbysheerforceofpersonalityoroutrightdefiance.TheirpowerreacheditsapexduringtheEnglishCivilWarandInterregnum(1640—60)astheexecutionoftheKingandtheattendantdisruptionofsocialhierarchiesledmanywomentoseizenewroles—aspreachers,asprophetesses,asdeputiesforexiledroyalisthusbands,aswritersofreligiousandpoliticaltracts.

1.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?

2.WhatdidtheQueenElizabethdoforthewomeninculture?

3.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedasareasontoenablewomentooriginaltexts?

4.Whatdidthereligiondoforthewomen?

5.Whatdoestheword“apex”meaninthelastparagraph?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Women’sPositioninthe17thCentury.

B.Women’sSubjectiontoPatriarchy.

C.SocialCircumstancesinthe17thCentury.

D.Women’sObjectioninthe17thCentury.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Shesetanimpressivefemaleexampletofollow.

B.Shedominatedtheculture.

C.Shedidlittle.

D.Sheallowedwomentotranslatesomething.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Femalecommunitiesprovidedsomecounterweighttopatriarchy.

B.QueenAnne’spoliticalactivities.

C.Mostwomenhadagoodeducation.

D.QueenElizabeth’spoliticalactivities.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Itdidnothing.

B.Ittooaskedwomentobeobedientexceptsometexts.

C.Itsupportedwomen.

D.ItappealedtotheGod.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.thelowestpoint

B.theend

C.ultimate

D.summit

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.文章第一段主要是講17世紀(jì)初，英國(guó)的社會(huì)環(huán)境主要是壓制婦女的聲音；第二段主要講述17世紀(jì)，一些社會(huì)和文化條件賦予婦女權(quán)力；第三段講述整個(gè)17世紀(jì)，英國(guó)女性行使了大量實(shí)際權(quán)力，并在中期達(dá)到頂峰。所以本文主要是論述17世紀(jì)英國(guó)婦女的地位。選項(xiàng)A正確。

2.根據(jù)第二段的第二句“DuringtheElizabethaneratheculturewasdominatedbyapowerfulQueen,whoprovidedanimpressivefemaleexamplethoughsheleftscantculturalspaceforotherwomen.”伊麗莎白時(shí)代的文化由一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的女王統(tǒng)治，盡管她為其他女性沒(méi)有留下多少文化空間，但她本人卻樹(shù)立了一個(gè)令人印象深刻的女性榜樣。由此推斷，選項(xiàng)C符合原文。。

3.根據(jù)第二段后半部分的內(nèi)容“Foronething,somecounterweighttopatriarchywasprovidedbyfemalecommunities...,theseparatecourtofQueenAnneandheroftenop-positionalmasquesandpoliticalactivities.Foranother,mostofthesewomenhadareasonablygoodeducation”只有選項(xiàng)D沒(méi)有提及。

4.根據(jù)第三段的第二句“Thereisplentyofsupport...,promotingwomen’sspiritualequality...”，在《圣保羅書(shū)信集》和《圣經(jīng)》的其他地方都有很多支持父權(quán)制，認(rèn)為妻子應(yīng)該對(duì)丈夫的服從，但是一些文本(尤其是迦3:28章節(jié))卻記錄了一種完全不同的政治，提倡婦女的精神平等。所以選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

5.根據(jù)下文“TheirpowerreacheditsapexduringtheEnglishCivilWarandInterregnumastheexecutionoftheKingandtheattendantdisruptionofsocialhierarchiesledmanywomentoseizenewroles”當(dāng)時(shí)國(guó)王被處決，隨之而來(lái)的社會(huì)等級(jí)制度被打破，導(dǎo)致許多女性獲得了新的角色。由此推斷，女性權(quán)力在英國(guó)內(nèi)戰(zhàn)和過(guò)渡期達(dá)到了頂峰，選項(xiàng)D正確。thelowestpoint指最低點(diǎn)；theend指終點(diǎn)；ultimate指終極的。

15.單選題

Wearenotsurethathewillbeableto（

）theshockofgoingbankrupt.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.getover

B.putthrough

C.takeup

D.dependupon

【答案】A

【解析】getover克服，恢復(fù)，熬過(guò)；putthrough接通，完成，使經(jīng)受；takeup拿起，開(kāi)始從事；dependupon依賴(lài)，取決于。句意：我們不確定他能否從破產(chǎn)的打擊中恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái)。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

16.填空題

Theimpactoftheiractivitiesisincreasedimportanceatatimewhenmostgovernmentsmanagetheeconomywithoneeyeontheunemploymentstatistics.

A

B

C

D

【答案】Aincreasedimportance改為ofincreasedimportance

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】固定搭配。

【解題思路】A部分前面是be動(dòng)詞，A部分所在內(nèi)容為表語(yǔ)，這里表達(dá)的意思是活動(dòng)的影響很重要，固定搭配為beofimportance，所以這里應(yīng)為ofincreasedimportance。

【句意】在大多數(shù)政府管理經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí)都只關(guān)注失業(yè)統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)的時(shí)候，這些企業(yè)活動(dòng)的影響變得越來(lái)越重要。

17.單選題

Inthepast,mostforestershavebeenmen,buttoday,thenumberofwomen（）thisfieldisclimbing.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.engaging

B.devoting

C.registering

D.pursuing

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。選項(xiàng)A：engage“吸引，使參加，，雇傭，從事（后接其他成分需要用介詞in）”；選項(xiàng)B：devote“（一般接to引出對(duì)象）致力于，奉獻(xiàn)”;選項(xiàng)C：register“顯示，登記，注冊(cè)”；選項(xiàng)D：pursue“追趕，從事（可直接跟從事的對(duì)象），繼續(xù)”。由此可知A、B、C均不符合題意，選項(xiàng)D正確。句意：在過(guò)去，大部分的林務(wù)員都是男性，但現(xiàn)如今這個(gè)領(lǐng)域的女性工作人員數(shù)量越來(lái)越多。

18.單選題

Inthesummerof1978anEnglishfarmernamedIanStevenswasdrivinghistractorthroughafieldofwheatwhenhediscoveredsomethingstrange.Someofhiswheatwaslyingflatontheground.Theflattenedwheatformedacircleaboutsixmetersacross.Aroundthiscirclewerefoursmallercirclesofflattenedwheat.Inthefollowingyearsmoreandmoresimilarcircleswerefoundinafieldofwheatorcorn.Sopeoplecannothelpbutaskthequestion:Whatcausesthecircles?

Atfirst,peoplesuspectedthatthecircleswereatrick.Toprovethatthecircleswereatrickpeopletriedtocopythem:theytriedtomakecirclesexactlyliketheonesthefarmershadfound.Theycouldn’tdoit.Theycouldn’tenterafieldofgrainwithoutleavingtracks,andtheycouldn’tflattenthegrainwithoutbreakingit.Thecirclesareapparentlynotatrick.Manypeoplebelievethatbeingsfromouterspacearemakingthecircles.Somethinkthatthebeingsaretryingtocommunicatewithusfromfarawayandthatthecirclesaremessagesfromthem.Othersbelievethatthebeingshaveactuallylandedonearthandthatthecirclesaremarkleftbytheirspaceships.Severaltimespeoplereportedseeingstrangeflyingobjectsnearfield,wherecircleslaterappeared.

Scientistssaythey’renotsurewhatcausesthem.Theyhavesuggestedseveraltheories.Forexample,somescientistssaythat“microburst’s”ofwindcreatedthecircles.Amicroburstisadownwardrushofcoolairthesamedownwardrushofairthatsometimescausesanairplanetocrash.Othersscientistssaythatforceswithintheearthcausethecirclestoappear.Butcirclesoftenappearinforms.Itishardtobelievethatanynaturalforcecouldcreatethoseforms.Andrecentlyfarmershavediscoverednotonlycirclesbutalsoothershapessuchastrianglesintheirfields.Couldanynaturalforcecreatedaperfecttriangleinafieldofgrain?

Inthesummerof1990somescientistsspentthreeweeksinthepartofEnglandwheremanycircleshaveappeared.Theyhadallthelatesthigh-techequipment.Thisequipmentworth1.8milliondollarsrecordednothing.Butonenight,asthescientistswerewatchingafieldcirclesformedinthefieldbehindthem.Thesecirclesareshowninthephotograph.Thescientistshadneitherseennorheardanything.

1.Whatcausesthecircles?

2.Thethingthatprovesthatthecircleswerenotatrickisthat（）.

3.Thecirclesmean（）.

4.Theonlythingforthescientiststobehappyaboutinthesummerof1990ispossibly（）.

5.Apropertitleforthispassageis（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Teenagers

B.Farmers

C.Flyingobjects

D.Noneoftheabove

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.twomensaidtheymadethecirclesthemselves

B.farmersweremakingthecirclestoattracttourists

C.peoplecannotcopythecircleswithoutleavingmarksorbreakingthegrain

D.scientistssuggesttheoriesthatsupporttheideathatcirclesweremadebynaturalforces

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.thatbeingsfromouterspacearetryingtocommunicatewithhumanbeings

B.thatbeingsfromouterspacehavevisitedtheearth

C.thattheredoexiststrangeflyingobjects

D.noneoftheabove

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.thattheydiscoveredhowthecirclesweremade

B.thattheysawthecircleswiththehelpofthelatesthigh-techequipment

C.thattheywereabletoshowthecirclesinaphotograph

D.noneoftheabove

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.AnUnsolvedMystery

B.StrangeFlyingObjects

C.ThePowerofNaturalForces

D.TheDiscoveryofStrangeCircles

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題干問(wèn)什么東西導(dǎo)致了這些圈圈？我們定位到倒數(shù)第二段的第一句話(huà)Scientistssaythey’renotsurewhatcausesthem.（科學(xué)家表示，他們不確定是什么導(dǎo)致了這種情況。）從這句話(huà)我們可以得出，科學(xué)家們目前也并不知道是什么導(dǎo)致了這些怪圈，其他的都只是猜測(cè)，因此答案為D；A選項(xiàng)“青少年”，B選項(xiàng)“農(nóng)民”，C選項(xiàng)“飛行物”，這些都是人們的猜測(cè)。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干問(wèn)是什么證實(shí)了這些圈圈并不是一個(gè)惡作劇？根據(jù)第二段第一句話(huà)Atfirst,peoplesuspectedthatthecircleswereatrick.Toprovethatthecircleswereatrickpeopletriedtocopythem（起初，人們懷疑這些圓圈是騙人的。為了證明這些圓圈是騙人的，人們?cè)噲D模仿它們）我們可以得出答案是C選項(xiàng)。A選項(xiàng)“兩個(gè)男人說(shuō)是他們制造了這個(gè)圈”，B選項(xiàng)“農(nóng)民們做了這個(gè)圈去吸引游客”，D選項(xiàng)“科學(xué)家認(rèn)為理論支持這些圈是由自然力量完成的”。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。A選項(xiàng)“這些圓圈意味著來(lái)自外太空的生物正試圖與人類(lèi)交流”，B選項(xiàng)“這些圓圈意味著來(lái)自外太空的生物已經(jīng)訪問(wèn)過(guò)地球”，C選項(xiàng)“這些圓圈意味著確實(shí)存在奇怪的飛行物”，D選項(xiàng)“以上都不對(duì)”；題干問(wèn)這些圈圈意味著什么。根據(jù)題干我們可以定位到第二段，第二段說(shuō)了Manypeoplebelievethatbeingsfromouterspacearemakingthecircles.Somethink