詞匯團(tuán)1111學(xué)習(xí)匯總文本周三初級閱讀

酷艾英語詞匯團(tuán)第六期內(nèi)部學(xué)習(xí)資料鄭重聲明：酷艾英語詞匯團(tuán)的所有學(xué)習(xí)資料嚴(yán)禁轉(zhuǎn)載或用于其他商業(yè)用途，違者將追究其法律責(zé)任。周三初級閱讀：導(dǎo)語:文章介紹了和很多人預(yù)期不同的，父母過度參與孩子的教育未必有好的效果，父母應(yīng)該幫助孩子意識到學(xué)校教育的重要性。Parentswhohelptheirchildrenwithhomeworkmayactuallybebringingdowntheirschoolgrades.Otherformsofprenatalinvolvement,includingvolunteeringatschoolandobservingachild'sclass,alsofailtohelp,accordingtothemostrecentstudyonthetopic.Thefindingschallengeakeyprincipleofmodernparenting(養(yǎng)育子女)whereschoolsexceptthemtoactaspartnersintheirchildren'seducation.Previousgenerationsconcentratedongettingchildrentoschoolontime,fed,dressedandreadytolearn.KaithRobinson,theauthorofthestudy,said,"Ireallydon'tknowifthepublicisreadyforthisbuttherearesomewaysparentscanbeinvolvedintheirkids'educationthatleadstodeclinesintheiracademicperformance.Oneofthethingsthatwasconsistentlynegativewasparents'helpwithhomework."Robinsonsuggestedthatmaybebecauseparentsthemselvesstruggletounderstandthetask."Theymayeithernotrememberthematerialtheirkidsarestudyingnow,orinsomecasesneverlearntitthemselves,butthey'restillofferingadvice."Robinsonassessedparentalinvolvementperformanceandfoundoneofthemostdamagingthingsaparentcoulddowastopunishtheirchildrenforpoormarks.Ingeneral,about20%ofparentalinvolvementwaspositive,about45%negativeandthereststatisticallyinsignificant.Commonsensesuggestsitwasagoodthingforparentstogetinvolvedbecause"childrenwithgoodacademicsuccessdohaveinvolvedparents",admittedRobinson.Buthearguedthatthisdidnotproveparentalinvolvementwastherootcauseofthatsuccess."AbigsurprisewasthatAsian-Americanparentswhosekidsaredoingsowellinschoolhardlyinvolved.Theytookamorereasonableapproach,conveyingtotheirchildrenhowsuccessatschoolcouldimprovetheirlives."1.Theunderlinedexpression"parentalinvolvement"inParagraph1probablymeans____.A.parents'expectationonchildren'shealthB.parents'participationinchildren'seducationC.parents'controloverchildren'slifeD.parents'planforchildren'sfuture2.WhatisthemajorfindingofRobinson'sstudy?A.Modernparentsraisechildreninamorescientificway.B.Punishingkidsforbadmarksismentallydamaging.C.Parentalinvolvementisnotsobeneficialasexpected.D.Parentsarenotabletohelpwithchildren’shomework.3.TheexampleofAsian-Americanparentsimpliesthatparentsshould____.A.helpchildrenrealizetheimportanceofschoolingB.setaspecificlifegoalfortheirchildrenC.spendmoretimeimprovingtheirownlivesD.takeamoreactivepartinschoolmanagement【必背詞匯解析】1.prenatalprenatal在本文中的意思是“產(chǎn)前”，比如：Around98percentofurbanwomenand70percentofruralwomenhaveprenatalexaminations.目前,城市98%和農(nóng)村70%的孕產(chǎn)婦都能得到產(chǎn)前檢查。再如：Likemanyembryoniccells,myoblostsfromprenatalratsorchicksareeasytoculture.正如許多胚胎細(xì)胞一樣,胚胎大鼠或雞的成肌細(xì)胞是易于培養(yǎng)的。2.principle本篇閱讀中的principle的意思是“原則”，principle,theorem,fundamental,law這些名詞均有"原理，原則"之意。principle：普通用詞，含義廣。指作判斷的基礎(chǔ)或行動的普通準(zhǔn)則；也指自然科學(xué)的規(guī)律。theorem：多指經(jīng)過推理或演算能得到證明的原理、定理或定律。fundamental：通常指原理、原則。law：指一直公認(rèn)的。陳述各種現(xiàn)象的條理或關(guān)系的公理或定理等。比如：Homeopathictreatmentisbasedonthe"likecureslike"principle.順勢療法是基于“以毒攻毒”的原理。再如：Theprincipleofhierarchydoesnotequatetototalitarianterror.等級制度在原則上并不等同于極權(quán)主義恐怖。3.struggle（名詞）struggle在閱讀中的意思是“奮斗”，effort,trouble,pains,endeavour,struggle這些名詞均表示"努力"之意。effort：通常指完成某特定任務(wù)所需付出的或大或小的努力，可指一次的努力，也可指堅持不懈的努力。trouble：trouble和pains均側(cè)重在面臨困難或阻力時所作的努力，但強調(diào)在努力時的細(xì)心和謹(jǐn)慎，相比之下，pains更適合表示盡力的努力。endeavour：指持久的，堅持不懈的，甚至是終身的努力，強調(diào)努力的認(rèn)真與決心。struggle：指為克服困難或阻力所作的努力，也指因決心、意志或干勁而產(chǎn)生的極大努力。比如：Curiously,thestruggletosurvivehasgreatlyimprovedherhealth.奇怪的是，她拼命求生的抗?fàn)幨沟盟慕】禒顩r大有好轉(zhuǎn)。再如：Hegrandlydeclaredthat"internationalpoliticsisastruggleforpower".他一本正經(jīng)地宣稱“國際政治是一場權(quán)力之爭”。4.insignificantinsignificant在本文中的意思是“不重要的”，近義詞indifferent“無關(guān)緊要的”。比如：TheChiefInspectordislikedbeingoverburdenedwithinsignificantdetail.總督察討厭在細(xì)枝末節(jié)上沒完沒了地糾纏。再比如：Thelevelsofchemicalsintheriverarenotinsignificant.河水中的化學(xué)物質(zhì)含量不容忽視。 5.academicacademic的意思是“大學(xué)的”，常用詞組academicresearch“學(xué)術(shù)研究”，academiccircles“學(xué)術(shù)界”，academicyear“學(xué)年”，academicachievement“學(xué)業(yè)成就；學(xué)業(yè)成績”等。比如：Henrygenerallystayedaheadoftheothersintheacademicsubjects.亨利的文化課成績通常都優(yōu)于其他學(xué)生。再如：Iwasterribleatschoolandleftwithfewacademicqualifications.我的學(xué)習(xí)成績一塌糊涂，離校時幾乎沒有學(xué)歷?！敬鸢概c解析】1.B.句意理解題。根據(jù)第一段的句子：Otherformsofparentalinvolvement,includingvolunteeringatschoolandobservingachild’sclass,可知“parentalinvolvement”指的是“父母參與孩子的教育”，故選B。2.C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段的句子：buttherearesomewaysparentscanbeinvolvedintheirkids’educationthatleadsto