醫(yī)用化學(xué)(有機(jī))復(fù)習(xí)題

醫(yī)用有機(jī)化學(xué)復(fù)習(xí)題/r/n（/r/n）/r/n在有機(jī)化學(xué)反應(yīng)中加氧和去氫的過程叫氧化，反之加氫和去氧的過程叫還原。/r/n因?yàn)镃-C單鍵是由成鍵的兩個(gè)碳原子各以一個(gè)雜化軌道沿其對(duì)稱軸的方向/r/n互重疊而成，所以是 鍵。/r/n而減弱。/r/n子，所以是親電性加成反應(yīng)。/r/n立體異構(gòu)是由于分子中的原子或原子團(tuán)在空間排列方式的不同而產(chǎn)生的異構(gòu)。/r/nZ/E/r/nZ，/r/n反和/r/nE/r/n代表同一異構(gòu)體。/r/n所有的單糖都具有還原性，都易被堿性弱氧化劑托倫試劑、斐林試劑氧化。/r/n手性碳原子，所以分子中有手性碳原子就一定有旋光性。/r/n2 /r/nCH/r/n3/r/n/r/nCH/r/n/r/nNH /r/n2 /r/n在含有多個(gè)手性碳原子的旋光異構(gòu)體之間，凡只有一個(gè)手性碳原子的構(gòu)型不/r/n同時(shí)，互稱為差向異構(gòu)體，因此葡萄糖和果糖互為差向異構(gòu)體。/r/n1/r/n2/r/n3/r/n4/r/n5/r/n6/r/n7/r/n8/r/n9/r/n10/r/n√/r/n×/r/n×/r/n×/r/n√/r/n×/r/n√/r/n×/r/n×/r/n×/r/n（選擇一個(gè)最佳答案填入下表）/r/n下列化合物中分子中碳原子在一個(gè)平面上的是：/r/nCH/r/nCH/r/n

/r/nB.CH/r/n=CH-CH/r/nCH C.CH/r/nCH=CHCH/r/n3 2 2 3/r/n

/r/n2 2 3 3 3/r/nO/r/nD /r/n

/r/n=CH-CH/r/n2/r/n

/r/n-CH /r/nE./r/n/r/n2/r/n

/r/nCHCH/r/n3 3/r/nCH/r/n3/r/nA./r/nCH=CH+HBr→CH/r/n

/r/n表示的反應(yīng)為：/r/n3 2 3 3/r/nA./r/n下列化合物按酸性從大到小排列的次序?yàn)椋?r/n化合物①甲酸②對(duì)-甲基苯酚③水④碳酸⑤酒精/r/nA.①﹥④﹥②﹥③﹥⑤B.④﹥①﹥③﹥②﹥⑤C.①﹥②﹥④﹥③﹥⑤D.①﹥④﹥③﹥②﹥⑤E.④﹥①﹥③﹥⑤﹥②/r/n盧卡斯試劑常在哪類化合物中作為區(qū)別反應(yīng)的試劑？/r/nA．醛類 B．酮類 C．酸類 D．酯類 E．醇/r/n6.苯酚具有酸性，這是因?yàn)榉肿又写嬖?。/r/nA.-I/r/n效應(yīng) B.σ–π共軛效應(yīng) C.p–π共軛效應(yīng)/r/n。/r/nSO/r/n42 4/r/n。/r/nA. /r/nO /r/nB./r/n(CH)/r/nCHCH/r/nCHO /r/nC./r/n(CH)CCH/r/nCHO/r/nO/r/nO/r/nA./r/nB./r/nD./r/nO/r/nE./r/nO/r/nN/r/nO/r/nC./r/nNH/r/n3/r/n/r/n2 2/r/nO/r/nO/r/nA./r/nB./r/nD./r/nO/r/nE./r/nO/r/nN/r/nO/r/nC./r/nNH/r/n

/r/n3/r/n/r/n3 2/r/nD./r/nCHC(CH/r/n)/r/n/r/nCHO /r/n

/r/nCHCHO/r/n2/r/n/r/n5 3/r/n/r/n2 /r/n2/r/n3 /r/n下列化合物中既能產(chǎn)生旋光異構(gòu)，又能產(chǎn)生順反異構(gòu)的是：/r/n3 /r/nCH/r/n3/r/nCH/r/n3/r/n-C=C-CH/r/n3/r/n

/r/nCH/r/n3/r/nCHBrCH=CHCH/r/n3 /r/nC./r/nCH/r/n3/r/nCHBr-C=CH/r/n2/r/nBr /r/n

/r/nCH/r/n3/r/nD./r/nCH/r/n3/r/nCH/r/n2/r/nC=CH-CH/r/n3/r/nBr/r/n己二酸加熱后所得的產(chǎn)物是：/r/n

/r/nE./r/nCH/r/n/r/n-C-CH=CH-CH/r/nBr/r/nn個(gè)手性碳原子的化合物，能產(chǎn)生的旋光異構(gòu)體數(shù)為：/r/n至少/r/n2/r/nn/r/n個(gè)/r/n/r/nB.至多/r/n2/r/nn/r/n個(gè) C.一定有/r/n2/r/nn/r/n個(gè) D.必少于/r/n2/r/nn /r/nE.多于/r/n2/r/n/r/nn/r/n個(gè)/r/n的化合物是：/r/n2/r/nA.（CH/r/n）/r/nNCH/r/n

/r/nH/r/nNHCH/r/n

/r/nC.CH/r/nCH（NH/r/n）CH/r/n3 2 /r/n

/r/n365 3/r/n

/r/n3 2 3/r/nD.（CH/r/nCH/r/n）/r/nN/r/n+/r/nOH/r/n- /r/nE.CH/r/nCONHCH/r/n3 2 4 3 3/r/n下列化合物中堿性最弱的是：/r/nNH B.（CH/r/n）/r/nNH C.（CH/r/n）/r/nN D.（CH/r/n）/r/nN/r/n+/r/nOH/r/n-/r/nH/r/nNH/r/n3 2 3 2/r/n

/r/n3 3 3 /r/n

/r/n65 2/r/n屬于雜環(huán)化合物的是：/r/nN/r/nH/r/nO /r/nO/r/n5.97，當(dāng)甘氨酸溶液為中性時(shí)甘氨酸的分子為：/r/nC/r/n4/r/nH/r/n8/r/n/r/n的鏈烴化合物，它的異構(gòu)體共有：/r/nA./r/n5/r/n個(gè) /r/nB.4/r/n個(gè) /r/nC.6/r/n/r/n個(gè) /r/nD.3/r/n個(gè) /r/nE.2/r/n個(gè)/r/n①乙醇②乙酸③苯酚④草酸⑤甲酸，按酸性由強(qiáng)到弱排列：/r/nA./r/n③/r/n>/r/n②/r/n>/r/n①/r/n>/r/n⑤/r/n>/r/n④/r/nB./r/n③/r/n>/r/n④/r/n>/r/n①/r/n>/r/n②/r/n>/r/n⑤/r/nC./r/n②/r/n>/r/n①/r/n>/r/n⑤/r/n>/r/n④/r/n>/r/n③/r/nD./r/n⑤/r/n>/r/n④/r/n>/r/n②/r/n>/r/n③/r/n>/r/n①/r/nE./r/n/r/n④/r/n>/r/n⑤/r/n>/r/n②/r/n>/r/n③/r/n>/r/n①/r/n1/r/n－己烯在碘化鈉存在下與溴反應(yīng)，其產(chǎn)物是：/r/n1,2/r/n－二溴己烷/r/n1,2/r/n1,3/r/n－二溴己烷/r/n1,2/r/n1,2-/r/n二碘己烷/r/n1,2/r/n1/r/n－溴－/r/n2/r/n－碘環(huán)己烷/r/n1,2/r/n1/r/n－溴－/r/n2/r/n－碘己烷/r/n作用，用過量的酸性高錳酸鉀溶液作用，生成兩分子/r/nCO/r/n2/r/n/r/n推測該化合物的結(jié)構(gòu)式為：/r/nCH /r/n3/r/n

/r/nCCH CH/r/n2 3/r/n

/r/nCCH(CH )CH/r/n3 3/r/n

/r/nCHCH /r/nCHCH/r/n2 /r/n

/r/nCCH CH/r/n2 /r/n2/r/n

/r/nCHCH/r/n2/r/n

/r/nCH CH /r/nCH/r/n3/r/n2 2/r/n下列敘述中，哪句話是正確的：/r/nC/r/n*/r/nB/r/n．手性分子并不一定都有旋光性/r/nC/r/n．分子中只有一個(gè)/r/nC/r/n*/r/n，它一定有旋光性/r/nD/r/n．/r/n分子沒有旋光性，就一定沒有/r/nC/r/n*/r/nE/r/n．分/r/nC/r/n21./r/n/r/n按照順序規(guī)則，基團(tuán)/r/n(1)/r/n－/r/nCOOCH/r/n3/r/n，/r/n(2)/r/n－/r/nOH/r/n，/r/n(3)/r/n－/r/nNH/r/n2/r/n，/r/n(4)/r/n－/r/nCH/r/n2/r/nOH/r/n，/r/n(5)/r/n－/r/nC/r/n6/r/nH/r/n5/r/n的優(yōu)先順序?yàn)椋?r/nA./r/n(1)>(2)>(3)>(4)>(5) B.(2)>(3)>(1)>(4)>(5) C.(2)>(3)>(4)>(5)>(1)D./r/n(5)>(4)>(3)>(2)>(1) E.(3)>(2)>(1)>(4)>(5)/r/n互為差向異構(gòu)體的兩種單糖，一定互為：/r/n端基異構(gòu)體 /r/nB./r/n/r/n互變異構(gòu)體 /r/nC./r/n/r/n對(duì)映體/r/n/r/nD./r/n/r/n非對(duì)映體/r/nE./r/n/r/n碳鏈異構(gòu)體/r/npI=6.0/r/npH/r/n/r/n7/r/n中的主要存在形式為：/r/n+/r/nCH/r/n/r/nCHCOOH/r/n2/r/nNH/r/n2/r/n

/r/nCHCOOH/r/nB. /r/n+/r/nB. /r/nNH/r/n3/r/n

/r/nCH/r/n/r/nCHCOO/r/n3/r/nNH/r/n2/r/nCH/r/n/r/nCHCOO/r/n3/r/n3/r/n

/r/nCH/r/n/r/nCHCOOH/r/n3/r/nNH/r/n2/r/nHCN/r/n發(fā)生反應(yīng)的是：/r/nCH/r/nCH=CH+HBr→CH/r/nCHBrCH/r/n表示的反應(yīng)為：/r/n3 2 3 3/r/nB./r/n下列化合物中，碳原子在一條直線上的為：/r/n正丁烷 B.1－丁烯 C.1－丁炔/r/nD.丁烯炔 E.2－丁炔/r/n引起烯烴順反異構(gòu)的原因是：/r/nA /r/n雙鍵的相對(duì)位置不同 /r/nB /r/n雙鍵不能自由旋轉(zhuǎn)/r/nC /r/n雙鍵在分子鏈的中間 /r/nD /r/n雙鍵碳原子上連有不同的原子（團(tuán)）/r/nE /r/n以上都不是/r/n28./r/n下列化合物①/r/n2-/r/n戊烯②/r/n2-/r/n甲基/r/n-2-/r/n戊烯③/r/n2-/r/n氯/r/n-2-/r/n戊烯④/r/n3-/r/n氯/r/n-2-/r/n戊烯⑤/r/n2/r/n，/r/n3-/r/n二氯/r/n-2-/r/n戊烯⑥/r/n2/r/n，/r/n3-/r/n二甲基/r/n-2-/r/n戊烯，沒有順反異構(gòu)體的是/r/nA./r/n/r/n②⑤⑥ /r/nB./r/n/r/n① /r/nC./r/n/r/n②⑥ /r/nD./r/n/r/n⑤⑥ /r/nE./r/n/r/n②③⑥/r/nFeCl3/r/n顯色的是：/r/nA./r/n/r/nB. /r/nOH /r/nC/r/n/r/n./r/nOH /r/nD. /r/nCHO /r/nE. /r/nAgNO3/r/n的氨溶液作用生成白色沉淀的是：/r/nCH/r/n/r/nCH /r/nCH/r/n

/r/n(CH/r/n/r/n)/r/n/r/nC CHCH/r/n

/r/nC /r/nCCH/r/n

/r/nCH/r/n/r/nC /r/nCH /r/nE./r/n3 /r/n2 /r/n3/r/n/r/n2 /r/n3 /r/n3 /r/n3 /r/n3/r/n1/r/n2/r/n3/r/n4/r/n5/r/n6/r/n7/r/n8/r/n9/r/n10/r/n11/r/n12/r/n13/r/n14/r/n15/r/nC/r/nD/r/nD/r/nA/r/nE/r/nC/r/nC/r/nD/r/nB/r/nD/r/nB/r/nC/r/nE/r/nD/r/nA/r/n16/r/n17/r/n18/r/n19/r/n20/r/n21/r/n22/r/n23/r/n24/r/n25/r/n26/r/n27/r/n28/r/n29/r/n30/r/nD/r/nE/r/nE/r/nD/r/nC/r/nB/r/nD/r/nC/r/nE/r/nD/r/nE/r/nD/r/nC/r/nC/r/nD/r/n（不必寫出推導(dǎo)過程和理由）/r/n4/r/nH/r/n8/r/nA/r/nBr/r/n2/r/nKMnO/r/n4/r/n/H/r/n+/r/n和/r/nKMn/r/n4/r/n/H/r/n+/r/nA/r/n/r/nB/r/nHBr/r/n作用，得到同一種產(chǎn)物/r/n（/r/nC/r/n4/r/n9/r/nB/r/n。/r/nA/r/n、/r/nB/r/nC/r/n的結(jié)構(gòu)式。/r/nBr/r/nA: /r/nB:/r/n/r/nCH/r/n2 /r/nC:/r/n/r/n2/r/n./r/nA(C/r/n6/r/nH/r/n10/r/nO/r/n2/r/n)/r/nB/r/n易脫羧成/r/nC/r/nA/r/n、/r/n、/r/nC/r/n的結(jié)構(gòu)。/r/nO O /r/nO O /r/nO/r/nA: CH/r/n3/r/nCH/r/n2/r/nCCH/r/n2/r/nC/r/n/r/nCH/r/n3/r/n四、寫出下列物質(zhì)的結(jié)構(gòu)式：/r/n

/r/nB:CH/r/n3/r/nCH/r/n2/r/nCCH/r/n2/r/nC/r/nOH /r/nC:/r/nCH/r/n3/r/nCH/r/n2/r/nC/r/n/r/nCH/r/n3/r/n1./r/n乙醚/r/n4/r/n．石炭酸/r/n2./r/n草酸/r/n5/r/n酮體/r/n3./r/n磺胺/r/n6./r/n酒石酸/r/n7./r/n阿斯匹林/r/n8./r/n/r/n/r/n/r/n/r/nD/r/n葡萄糖（直立氧環(huán)式）/r/n9.蟻酸/r/n10.乳酸/r/n11.草酰乙酸/r/n五、命名下列化合物：/r/nCH/r/n3/r/n CH/r/n

/r/nCHCHCHCH/r/n

/r/n2. /r/n3/r/n3 2 3/r/nCH/r/n3/r/nN/r/nCH/r/nN/r/n2 5/r/n

/r/nCHCH/r/n2 3/r/n3./r/n/r/nH/r/n2/r/n

/r/nC /r/nC COOH /r/n4./r/nH/r/n2/r/nBrCH /r/nBr/r/n2/r/nH/r/n5. C CCH/r/nH/r/n3/r/n

/r/n(Z/E)/r/n

/r/nCH/r/n6. /r/n3/r/n2/r/nCH /r/nC /r/nCH /r/nCH/r/n2/r/n2/r/nCH/r/n3 /r/nH/r/nCOOH/r/n7./r/n

/r/n8. /r/nC/r/n/r/nH /r/nCOOH/r/nHO /r/nH/r/n

/r/n(D/L)/r/n

/r/n2 5/r/n(Z/r/n//r/nE/r/n)/r/nCH/r/n3/r/nCH/r/n3/r/nH /r/nOH/r/nCH/r/n/r/nOH /r/n(R/S)/r/n2/r/n六、完成下列反應(yīng)方程式：/r/nC(CH)/r/n33/r/n1./r/n

/r/nKMn/r/n4/r/nCH/r/n2/r/nCH/r/n3/r/nCH/r/n3/r/n2. /r/n+ /r/nCH/r/n3/r/n2/r/n

/r/nFe/r/n粉/r/nCHCOOH/r/n3. /r/n2/r/nCHCOOH/r/n2/r/nCH/r/n3/r/nCHCH/r/n+/r/n/r/nHB/r/nr/r/n3 /r/n3/r/nCH/r/n3/r/nCH/r/n2/r/nOH + HONO/r/n2 /r/n→/r/nCOOH/r/nCOOH/r/nH/r/n3/r/nC/r/n7. /r/n+ /r/nH/r/n3/r/nC/r/nHC/r/n3/r/n8. /r/nC/r/nHC/r/n3/r/n

/r/n+ /r/nNHNH/r/nO/r/n2/r/nO/r/nC(CH/r/n3/r/n)/r/n3/r/n9./r/n

/r/nKMnO/r/n4/r/n/H/r/n+/r/nCH/r/n2/r/nCH=CH/r/n2/r/nCH/r/n

/r/nO/r/n-C-COOH/r/n3/r/nOH/r/n

/r/n[H]/r/nCH/r/n

/r/n-CH-CH/r/n3/r/n

/r/nCOOH/r/n2/r/nCH/r/nN/r/n /r/n3/r/nH/r/n./r/n13 /r/n+/r/n/r/nHONO/r/n./r/nO/r/n

/r/nC-NH/r/n3 /r/nO/r/n

/r/n+ /r/nH/r/n/r/nO /r/n2/r/nCH/r/n/r/nCH/r/n/r/nCH /r/n+/r/n/r/nHCN/r/n3 2/r/nCH/r/n3/r/nCH/r/n3/r/n2/r/n-/r/nH/r/n/r/nO/r/n2/r/nOH/r/n17. /r/n+ /r/nNaOH/r/nOH/r/nO/r/nCH/r/nCH /r/n+/r/n

/r/n干/r/nHCl/r/n3 /r/n3/r/nHO /r/nCOOH/r/n /r/n+/r/nNaHCO/r/n3/r/n20 /r/n

/r/n濃/r/nNaOH/r/nCH3COCH2CH(OH)CH3/r/n21/r/n

/r/n濃/r/nNaOHI2/r/n答案：/r/n五、命名化合物/r/n1/r/n、/r/n二甲基戊烷/r/n/r/n2/r/n甲基/r/n-1-/r/n環(huán)己烯 /r/n3/r/n、/r/n乙基丙烯酸/r/n/r/nN-/r/n乙基苯胺/r/n5/r/n、/r/nZ-1/r/n，/r/n3-/r/n二溴/r/n-2-/r/n丁烯/r/n6/r/n、/r/n2-/r/n甲基/r/n-1/r/n，/r/n3-/r/n丁二烯/r/n7/r/n、/r/nD-2-/r/n羥基丙酸/r/n8/r/n、/r/nZ-3-/r/n甲基/r/n-2-/r/n戊烯酸/r/n9/r/n、/r/n1/r/n，/r/n2-/r/n二甲基/r/n-4-/r/n氯環(huán)己烷/r/n10/r/n、/r/n2/r/n，/r/n3-/r/n二甲基戊烷/r/n11/r/n、/r/n2-/r/n甲基丁烷/r/n12/r/n、對(duì)二甲苯/r/n13/r/n、芐醇/r/n14/r/n、/r/n3/r/n，/r/n3-/r/n二甲基/r/n-2-/r/n丁醇/r/n15/r/n、鄰甲苯酚/r/n16/r/n、苯甲醚/r/n17/r/n、/r/n2-/r/n乙基戊醛/r/n18/r/n、/r/n1-/r/n苯基丙酮/r/n19/r/n、/r/n2-/r/n甲基丙烯酸/r/n20/r/n、/r/n3-/r/n丁酮酸/r/n21/r/n、甲乙胺/r/n22/r/n、/r/nN,N-/r/n二甲苯胺/r/n23/r/n、順丁烯二酸/r/n24/r/n、/r/n二羥基丙醛 /r/n25/r/n、/r/nS-1/r/n，/r/n2-/r/n丙二/r/n六寫反應(yīng)/r/n醫(yī)用化學(xué)有機(jī)部分復(fù)習(xí)題/r/n一/r/n./r/n命名或?qū)懡Y(jié)構(gòu)式/r/n阿司匹林 /r/n2./r/n檸檬酸/r/n吡喃葡萄糖的哈沃斯式/r/nCOOH/r/nCH/r/n/r/nCH /r/nCH/r/nH/r/n

/r/nOH /r/n8./r/nCH/r/n3/r/n

/r/n3 2 /r/nC C /r/n3/r/nCH /r/nH/r/n3/r/n（標(biāo)明順反異構(gòu)）/r/n二、選擇題/r/n下列化合物中存/r/n在/r/n/r/n共軛的是（ ）/r/nA.CH/r/n3/r/nCH=CH/r/n2/r/nC.CH/r/n2/r/n=CH/r/n－/r/nCH=CH/r/n2/r/n

/r/nB.CH/r/n2/r/n=CH/r/n－/r/nCl/r/nD./r/nCH/r/n/r/n3/r/nC /r/nCCH/r/n3/r/n下列醇與盧卡斯試劑反應(yīng)最先渾濁的是（ ）/r/nCH/r/n3/r/nOH/r/nB./r/nCH/r/n3/r/nCH/r/n2/r/nOH/r/nC./r/n(CH/r/n3/r/n)/r/n2/r/nCHOH/r/n/r/nD.(CH/r/n3/r/n)/r/n3/r/nCOH/r/n下列化合物/r/n,/r/n最穩(wěn)定的/r/n( )/r/n環(huán)己烷 /r/nB./r/n/r/n環(huán)戊烷 /r/nC./r/n/r/n環(huán)丁烷 /r/nD./r/n/r/n環(huán)丙烷/r/n下列不能與斐林試劑反應(yīng)的化合物是（ ）/r/nCH/r/n3/r/nCHO /r/nB./r/n/r/nC /r/nO/r/n

/r/nC. /r/nCHO /r/nD. /r/nCHO/r/nCH/r/n2/r/nOH/r/n下列化合物酸性最強(qiáng)的/r/n( /r/n

/r/nCH/r/n2/r/nOH/r/nA.CH/r/n

/r/nOH B./r/nC./r/n

/r/nOH /r/nD.H/r/n/r/nCO/r/n3 2 3/r/n下列化合物中碳原子均/r/n為/r/nSP/r/n2/r/n/r/n雜化的/r/n( )/r/n。/r/nA.CH/r/n3/r/nCH=CH/r/n2 /r/nB.CH/r/n2/r/n=CHCH=CH/r/n2/r/n下列能發(fā)生自身醇醛縮合的化合物/r/n( /r/n

/r/nC.CH/r/n3/r/nCH/r/n3 /r/nD.CH/r/n3/r/nCCH/r/nA.(CH)/r/n

/r/nCHCHO.B./r/n

/r/nCHO/r/n

/r/n(CH/r/n/r/n

/r/nCCHO/r/n3/r/n/r/n2 3/r/n/r/n3/r/n組成支鏈淀粉的結(jié)構(gòu)單元和苷鍵為（ ）/r/n①./r/n/r/nD-葡萄糖/r/n/r/n②./r/n/r/nD-果糖/r/n/r/n③.α-1，4/r/n苷鍵/r/n/r/n④.α-1，6/r/n苷/r/nA.①②③ B.②③④ C.①③④ D.①②④/r/n與金/r/n屬/r/nNa/r/n/r/n反應(yīng)最快的/r/n( )/r/n。/r/nA./r/n叔丁醇/r/n/r/nB./r/n/r/n異丙醇/r/n/r/nC./r/n/r/n乙醇 /r/nD./r/n/r/n甲醇/r/n10/r/n．2—丁酮不與下列哪個(gè)試劑反/r/n( )/r/n。/r/nA.HCN B.NaOH+I/r/n2 /r/nC./r/n托倫試劑/r/nD.2,4-/r/n./r/n下列化合物中僅存/r/n在/r/np- /r/n共軛的/r/n( )/r/n。/r/nA /r/nOH /r/nB/r/n/r/nCH/r/n=CHCH /r/nC/r/nCH=CHCl/r/nD/r/nCH/r/n=CHCH=CH/r/n2 3 2 /r/n2 2/r/n下列化合物構(gòu)型屬/r/n于/r/nR/r/n/r/n型的/r/n( )/r/nCH/r/n3/r/nCOOH/r/nCOOH/r/nCOOH/r/nA.HOOC/r/nCH/r/n3/r/nCOOH/r/nCOOH/r/nCOOH/r/nA.HOOC/r/nOH/r/nB./r/nHO/r/nCH/r/n3/r/nC./r/nCH/r/n3/r/nC/r/n6/r/nH/r/n5/r/nD.CH/r/nOH/r/nCH/r/nCH/r/nOH/r/nCH/r/n6 5/r/n6 5 6 5/r/n下列化合物中不發(fā)生碘仿反應(yīng)的/r/n( )/r/n。/r/nA/r/n/r/nCHO /r/nB/r/n/r/nC/r/n/r/n

/r/nH/r/n/r/nOH /r/nD/r/n/r/n

/r/nCHO/r/n2 5 /r/n3/r/n下列化合物中堿性最強(qiáng)的/r/n( )/r/n。/r/nA/r/n/r/n(CH/r/n3/r/n)/r/n4/r/nNOH /r/nB/r/n/r/nC/r/n/r/nD/r/n/r/nOH/r/n下列化合物酸性由強(qiáng)至弱的順序是（ ）/r/nOH/r/n①/r/n/r/n

/r/n2/r/nCOOH /r/n

/r/n③/r/n

/r/nCOOH/r/n④/r/n

/r/n2/r/nH/r/n5/r/nOH/r/nA./r/n①②③④/r/nB./r/n②③④①/r/nC./r/n①③②④/r/nD./r/n④①②③/r/n下列化合物既有順反異構(gòu)，又有對(duì)映異構(gòu)的是（ ）/r/nA:CH/r/n3/r/n

/r/nCH=CHCHCH/r/n/r/nBr/r/n2 2/r/n

/r/nB:CH/r/n3/r/n

/r/nCH=CHCHBrCH/r/n3/r/nC:CH/r/n3/r/n

/r/nCH=CBrCHCH/r/n2 3/r/n

/r/nD:CH/r/n2/r/n

/r/n=CHCHBrCH/r/n3/r/n三、填空題和判斷題/r/n(/r/n一/r/n)/r/n填空題/r/n有機(jī)化合物反應(yīng)根據(jù)共價(jià)健的斷裂形式可分為兩種類型。如甲苯與溴的反應(yīng)中，/r/n有/r/nFeBr/r/n有/r/n3/r/n

/r/n存在的反應(yīng)屬/r/n反應(yīng)/r/n在光照射下的反應(yīng)屬/r/n反應(yīng)。/r/n酮體/r/n和/r/n /r/n的總稱。/r/n乳糖是/r/n組成，通/r/n苷鍵連接。/r/n在縮二脲的堿性溶液中加入少量硫酸銅呈紫色的反應(yīng)稱為 /r/n凡分/r/n中含有兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上 結(jié)構(gòu)的化合物都能發(fā)生此反應(yīng)。/r/n（二）判斷題/r/n1./r/n有機(jī)物是碳?xì)浠衔锛捌溲苌铩?r/n（/r/n）/r/n2./r/n含有手性碳原子的分子一定是手性分子。/r/n（/r/n）/r/n3./r/n凡是/r/nD/r/n型或者/r/nR/r/n型的手性物質(zhì)，必是右旋體。/r/n（/r/n）/r/n3 2 2 /r/n4./r/n/r/n化合/r/n物/r/nCH/r/n/r/nCH/r/n/r/nCOCH/r/n/r/nCH /r/n，/r/n能與/r/n3 2 2 /r/n生銀鏡反應(yīng)和碘仿反應(yīng)。/r/n（/r/n）/r/n5./r/n醛類化合物中只有乙醛能發(fā)生碘仿反應(yīng)。/r/n（/r/n）/r/n6./r/n內(nèi)消旋體可以被拆分。/r/n（/r/n）/r/n四、完成反應(yīng)方程式）/r/nHOOC/r/n－/r/nC/r/n－/r/nCH/r/n

/r/n－/r/nCOOH /r/n微熱/r/nO/r/nNHCH/r/n

/r/n2/r/nNaNO/r/n

/r/n/HCl/r/n3 /r/n2/r/nCHCHCHCO