全新版大學(xué)英語綜合教程第二版4unit1languagestudy1

Book4Unit1TextATheIcyDhecaseof:asfaras…isconcerned--Theriseininterestratewillbedisastrousinthecaseofsmallfirms.2.stand/get/beintheway:preventfromdoingsth.--Manyteacherscomplainthattheycan’tmakeanyimprovementinteachingmethodsastheexistingexamsystemgetsintheway.--Don’tletyoursociallifegetinthewayofyourstudy.3.devastate:1)destroysomethingseverelyandcompletely--Thefire~dthewholestreet.tomakesomeonefeelveryshockedandupset:2)--Hisparentswere~dbyhisappearance.devastated:feelingveryshockedandupsetdevastating:causinggreatharmordamage;veryshockingandupsetting--Gamblingcanhavea~effectonfamilies.--Itisalwaysdevastatingtobediagnosedwithaterminalillness.4.raw:coldandwetandunpleasant濕而寒冷的;生的，未煮過的；原始的--TheeventtookplaceonarawFebruarymorning.--Thisafternoonisraw./rawweather/rawwind5.bleak:coldandmiserable陰冷的，寒冷的;withoutanyreasontofeelhappyandhopeful,depressing沒指望的，令人沮喪的--bleakwinter--Thestreetlooked~withsomanyhousespulleddownbytheearthquake.--Thingslookvery~fortheteam.6.mowdown:killalotofpeoplequicklyandviolently,especiallybyshootingthem7.decisive:abletomakechoicesordecidewhattodoquicklyandconfidently--Asachairperson,hewasfirmanddecisive.indecisive;indecision8.bog:causetobestuckinwetandsoftgroundandunabletomove--Themeetinggotboggeddownwithdisputes.9.engage:1)toattractandkeepsomeone’sinterestorattention:--Agoodradioscriptshouldbeableto~thelistener.2)starttoemploysomeoneorusetheirservices雇用，聘:--Thecompanyistoengageanewsalesdirector.3)tostarttofightwithanenemyinabattle交戰(zhàn)engage(oneself)insomething/beengagedin:takepartinaparticularactivity從事于，參加--Hewantstoengage(himself)inforeigntrade.--Engagesomeoneinconversation.--Wewereengagedinadebate.--Ihavenotimetoengageingossip.engaged:--Sheis~toayoungofficer.訂婚--Thelineis~now.占線了10.takeagamble/thegambleofdoingsomething:takeariskdoingsomething--Ithinksheistakingagambleinvestingallhermoneyinstocks.11.bideone’stime:waitpatientlyforachance--Heisbidinghistimeforanattackonhispoliticalrivals.12.presson/ahead:continuetodosomethinginadeterminedway--TheMinistryofEducationiskeentopressonwithreformsinEnglishteaching.13.dragon:moveslowlyandwithefforts;continueendlesslyandtediously--Themeetinghasdraggedonthewholedaywithoutanyresolution.14.swell(swelled-swelled;swelled-swollen)--Therainswelledtheriver.(Theriveroverflowedbecauseoftherain)--Ourdebthasbeenswelling.(expand)--Myheartswelledwithregret.(befilledwith)15.exile:--Napoleonwasfirstexiledin1814.exilesomebodyto(someplace)send/force/drivesomebodyintoexile16.catchsomebodyoffguard：makeasurpriseattackon--Caughtoffguard,hewasstunnedtheresayingnothing.--Themanagerdidn’tknowwhattosay.Itwasclearthatmyquestionhadcaughthimoffguard.17.bringtoahalt:stopcompletely--Ourjourneywasbroughttoahaltbyastorm.18.turnthetideagainst:changewhatlookslikedefeatintovictory--SovietvictoryinStalingradturnedthetideofwar.19.thanksto:becauseof--Thankstotheirtirelessefforts,theperformancewasagreatsuccess.20.heroic:verybrave--Heisfamedforhisheroicdeedsduringthewar.21.render:causetobe--Hundredsofpeoplewererenderedhomelessbytheearthquake.22.reckon:count,consider--Wereckoninterestfromthedayofdeposittodayofwithdrawal.--Ourchildrencan’treckonyet.--Heisreckonedamongmyrivals.--Manypeoplereckonhimtobeagreatbasketballplayer.reckonon:relyonreckonin:countinreckonwith:takesomethingintoaccount(不容無視，不可低估)--Sheiscertainlyagirltobereckonedwith.23.toll:1)thenumberofpeopleoranimalskilledorinjured:--Thetollofroaddeathsandinjurieskeepsontherise.--Thefloodtookatollof300lives.2)chargefortheuseofbridgeandroad通行費(fèi):tollbooth收費(fèi)站;tollbar(收費(fèi)站的閘口)；tollroad收費(fèi)道路takeitstollon:causedamageorinjuries--Hishardworkhastakenitstollonhisstomach.TextBTheNormandyLanding1.incase:萬一--Takeahatwithyouincasethesunisveryhot.inanycase無論如何incaseof萬一inthecaseof在……情況下2.favorable:--Thesituationis~tous.--Heis~toourplan.3.holdout:--Forthosenottotallydeaf,electronicsholdsouthope.電子學(xué)給非全聾的人帶來了希望。--Heheldouthisarmstoembracehisson.伸出雙臂擁抱--Thecityheldoutforthreemonthsundersiege.該城在炮火圍攻下堅(jiān)持抵抗達(dá)3個(gè)月。--Willthewatersupplyholdoutthroughthesummer?維持4.cancel=calloffpostpone=putoff5.priorto:before--Thecontractwillbesignedpriortotheceremony.6.payoff:--Theinvestmentpaidoffatlast.得到好的結(jié)果--Soontheypaidofftheloan.還清貸款crucial&decisive近義詞手冊:crucial意為“決定性的、極為重要的〞,語氣較弱,強(qiáng)調(diào)的是為了獲得滿意的結(jié)果絕對有必要促使某事發(fā)生.可后接介詞for或to.e.g.Hearrivedatthecrucialmoment.Gettingthiscontractiscrucialforthefutureofthecompany.decisive意為“堅(jiān)決地、果斷的〞,尤其指在難決斷的事物前表現(xiàn)果斷的.可修飾人或其言語.e.g.adecisiveleaderHegaveadecisiveanswer.OxfordAdvancedLearner’sEnglish-ChineseDictionarycrucial~(to/forsth)/~(that…)extremelyimportant,becauseitwillaffectotherthingse.g,a~factor/issue/decisiontopicsof~importanceforeducationWinningthiscontractis~tothesuccessofthecompany.Thenextfewweeksaregoingtobe~.Itis~thatwegetthisright.Parentsplaya~roleinpreparingtheirchildforschool.Hewasn’tthereatthe~moment.decisiveveryimportantforthefinalresultofaparticularsituationabletodecidesth.quicklyandwithconfidencee.g.a~factor/victory/battleShehasplayeda~roleinthepeacenegotiation.Thegovernmentmusttake~actiononguncontrol.cru·cialadj.extremelysignificantorimportant:acrucialproblem.vitaltotheresolutionofacrisis;decisive:acrucialelection.cruciallyadv.WORDHISTORYAcrucialelectionislikeasignpostbecauseitshowswhichwaytheelectorateismoving.Themetaphorofasignpost,infact,givesusthesenseofthewordcrucial,“ofsupremeimportance,critical.〞FrancisBaconusedthephraseinstantiacrucis,“crucialinstance,〞torefertosomethinginanexperimentthatprovesoneoftwohypothesesanddisprovestheother.Bacon'sphrasewasbasedonasenseoftheLatinwordcrux,“cross,〞whichhadcometomean“aguidepostthatgivesdirectionsataplacewhereoneroadbecomestwo,〞andhencewassuitableforBacon'smetaphor.BothRobertBoyle,oftencalledthefatherofmodernchemistry,andIsaacNewtonusedthesimilarLatinphraseexperimentumcrucis,“crucialexperiment.〞WhenthesephrasesweretranslatedintoEnglish,theybecamecrucialinstanceandcrucialexperiment.de·ci·siveadj.havingthepowertodecide;conclusive.characterizedbydecisionandfirmness;resolute.