考研考博-英語-延安大學押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇2

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-延安大學押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓練(共50題)1.單選題

Hesaiditwouldnotbeallthatdifficulttoreachapeacefulconclusiontothe（）.

問題1選項

A.paradox

B.dilemma

C.prejudice

D.conflict

【答案】D

【解析】paradox似非而是的論點，自相矛盾的話；dilemma困境，進退兩難；prejudice偏見，成見；conflict沖突，爭執(zhí)，矛盾。句意：他說并不是所有的沖突都很難達成和平解決的共識。選項D符合句意。

2.單選題

Thehighcostforgettingtherewas（

）bythefactthatIfoundaverycheapplacetolive.

問題1選項

A.offset

B.participated

C.elaborated

D.reclaimed

【答案】C

【解析】動詞辨析題。A選項offset“抵消，彌補”；B選項participate“參與，分享”；C選項elaborate“詳細描述，變復雜”；D選項reclaim“開拓，抗議”。句意：到這里的成本高是因為事情變得復雜，我找到了一個非常便宜的地方住。選項C更符合語境。

3.翻譯題

2.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish(5marks)

一些澳大利亞土著（indigenousAustralian）抗議者周五連續(xù)第二日成為頭條新聞，他們聚集在澳大利亞議會外，并放火焚燒了國旗。此舉的前一天，憤怒的抗議者包圍了舉行午餐儀式的建筑，保安人員從一家堪培拉餐廳拖出了朱莉婭吉拉德（JuliaGillard）總理。原住民領袖批評這些人的行動，說他們危害了讓澳大利亞土著與更廣泛的社會協(xié)調的努力。澳大利亞廣播公司網(wǎng)站上的視頻顯示，在堪培拉議會外的抗議者圍成一圈，點燃了澳大利亞國旗，并高呼，“這里始終是也將永遠是原住民的土地。”

【答案】AgroupofindigenousAustralianprotestersmadeheadlinesforaseconddayonFriday,gatheringoutsidetheCountry’sparliamentandsettingthenationalflagonfire.ThemovecameadayafterPrimeMinisterJuliaGillardwasdraggedoutofaCanberrarestaurantbysecurityguardsafterangryprotesterssurroundedthebuildingwherethelunchwasbeingheld.Indigenousleadershavecriticizedtheiractions,sayingtheyundermineeffortstobringIndigenousAustraliansintoharmonywiththewidercommunity.VideoontheAustralianBroadcastingCorporationwebsiteshowedprotestersformingacircleoutsideparliamentinCanberra,settingfiretotheAustralianflagandchanting,“ThishasalwaysbeenandalwayswillbethelandoftheAborigines.”

4.單選題

Allcultureshavesomesystemofmeasuringduration,orkeepingtime,butinwesternindustrializedsocieties,wekeeptrackoftimeinwhatseemstootherpeoplesalmostanobsessivefashion.Weviewtimeasmotiononaspace,akindoflinearprogressionmeasuredbytheclockandthecalendar.Thisperceptioncontributestooursenseofhistoryandthekeepingofrecords,whicharetypicalaspectsofwesterncultures.

Althoughourperceptionsoftimeseemnaturaltous,wemustnotassumethatotherculturesoperateonthesametimesystem.Forinstance,whyshouldweassumethataHopiraisedintheHopiculturewouldhavethesameintuitionsabouttimethatwehave?InHopihistory,ifrecordshadbeenwritten,wewouldfindadifferentsetofculturalandenvironmentalinfluencesworkingtogether.TheHopipeopleareapeacefulagriculturalsocietyisolatedbygeographicfeatureandnomadenemiesinalandoflittlerainfall.Theiragricultureissuccessfulonlybythegreatestperseverance.Extensivepreparationsareneededtoensurecropgrowth.ThustheHopivaluepersistenceandrepetitioninactivity.Theyhaveasenseofthecumulativevalueofnumerous,small,repeatedmovements,fortothemsuchmovementsarenotwastedbutarestoreduptomakechangesinlaterevents.TheHopihavenointuitionoftimeasmotion,asasmoothflowinglineonwhicheverythingintheuniverseproceedsatanequalrateawayfromapast,throughapresent,intoaforeseeablefuture.

LongandcarefulstudyoftheHopilanguagehasrevealedthatitcontainsnowords,grammaticalforms,constructions,orexpressionsthatrefertowhatwecalltime—thepast,present,orfuture—ortothedurationorlastingaspectoftime.TotheHopi,“time”isa“gettinglater”ofeverythingthathasbeendone,sothatpastandpresentmergetogether.TheHopidonotspeak,aswedoinEnglish?Ofa“newday”or“anotherday”comingeverytwenty-fourhours;amongtheHopi,thereturnofthedayislikethereturnofaperson,alittleolderbutwithallthecharacteristicsofyesterday.ThisHopiconception,withitsemphasisontherepetitiveaspectoftimeratherthanitsonwardflow,maybeclearlyseenintheirritualdancesforrainandgoodcrops,inwhichthebasicstepisashort,quickstampingofthefootrepeatedthousandsoftimes,hourafterhour.

Ofcourse,theAmericanconceptionoftimeissignificantlydifferentfromthatoftheHopi.Americans’understandingoftimeistypicalofWesternculturesingeneralandindustrializedsocietiesinparticular.Americansviewtimeasacommodity,asa“thing”thatcanbesaved,spent,orwasted.Webudgetourtimeaswebudgetourmoney.Weevensay,“Timeismoney”.WeareconcernedinAmericawithbeing“ontime”;wedon’tliketo“waste”timebywaitingforsomeonewhoislateorbyrepeatinginformation;andweliketo“spend”timewiselybykeepingbusy.ThesestatementsallsoundnaturaltoaNorthAmerican.Infact,wethink,howcoulditbeotherwise?Itisdifficultforusnottobeirritatedbytheapparentcarelessnessabouttimeinothercultures.Forexample,individualsinothercountriesfrequentlyturnupanhourormorelateforanappointment—although“beinglate”isatleastwithinourculturalframework.Forinstance,howcanwebegintoentertheculturalworldoftheSioux,inwhichthereisnowordfor“l(fā)ate”or“waiting”.Ofcourse,thefactisthatwehavenothadtoentertheSiouxculture;theSiouxhavehadtoenterours.Itisonlywhenweparticipateinotherculturesontheirtermsthatwecanbegintoseetheculturalpatterningoftime.

1.Fromthepassage,theHopihavenointuitionoftimeasmotionbecause（

）.

2.WhatistheHopi’sconceptionoftime?

3.Theconceptoftimeasacommodityinthelastparagraphmeansthat（

）.

4.IfyouweretovisitaSiouxfestival,itwouldprobablybenecessarythat（

）.

5.WhichofthefollowingviewsseemsmostoppositetotheWesternperceptionoftime?

問題1選項

A.theirwayoflivingdependsgreatlyonperseveranceandrepetition

B.theythinkitnecessarytoinventtheirownperceptionoftime

C.theirlanguagedoesnotcontainwordsreferringtomotion

D.theythinkeverythingshouldproceedinalinearway

問題2選項

A.Repeatingfootstepsisthewaytheycounttime.

B.Thelinebetweenpastandpresentisclear.

C.Whenapersonreturns,thedayreturns.

D.Todayistherepetitionofyesterday.

問題3選項

A.timecanbeusedandspentlikeconsumergoods

B.peoplewhoworklonghourswillbepaidhandsomely

C.peoplecanbuytimejustliketheybuyaproduct

D.timeisconsideredpricelessthatpeoplecan’tafford

問題4選項

A.youcallinadvanceifyouaregoingtobelate

B.youarrangefortransportationwellinadvance

C.youhaveadelayedscheduleofalltheactivities

D.youhaveanexactscheduleofthevariousevents

問題5選項

A.Makeahaywhilethesunshines.

B.Procrastinationisnecessary.

C.Punctualityisthesoulofbusiness.

D.Ayoungidler,anoldbeggar

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:1.根據(jù)第二段的倒數(shù)二三句可知，霍皮族人重視活動中的持久性和重復。他們對無數(shù)的、小的、重復的動作的累積價值有一種感覺，因為對他們來說，這些動作不是浪費，而是儲存起來，以便在以后的事件中做出改變。所以霍皮族人對運動的時間沒有什么直覺，是因為他們的生活方式在很大程度上依賴于毅力和重復。選項A符合原文。

2.根據(jù)第三段的內容可知，對霍皮人來說，“時間”是所有已經做過的事情的“以后”，這樣過去和現(xiàn)在就會融合在一起。霍皮人的這一觀念強調時間的重復性，而不是時間的繼續(xù)流動。選項D符合原文。

3.根據(jù)最后一段的三四句“Americansviewtimeasacommodity,asa“thing”thatcanbesaved,spent,orwasted.Webudgetourtimeaswebudgetourmoney.”美國人認為時間是一種商品，是一種可以節(jié)省、花費或浪費的“東西”。我們預算時間就像我們預算金錢一樣。選項A符合原文。

4.根據(jù)最后一段“Sioux,inwhichthereisnowordfor“l(fā)ate”or“waiting”.”蘇族人的文化世界里沒有“遲到”或“等候”這些詞，所以如果要去參加蘇族人的節(jié)日，你可能有必要把所有的活動都推遲，選項A正確。

5.根據(jù)最后一段的內容可知，美國人對時間的理解是西方文化的典型特征，他們認為時間就是金錢，所以選項B與之觀念相反。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

第5題:

5.單選題

Inthepasttenyearsskyscrapershavedeveloped______inChicagoandNewYorkCity.

問題1選項

A.homogeneously

B.simultaneously

C.spontaneously

D.harmoniously

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.homogeneously同樣地B.simultaneously同時地

C.spontaneously自發(fā)地，自然地D.harmoniously和諧地

【考查點】副詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句意“在過去的十年里，摩天大樓在芝加哥和紐約_______拔地而起”，四個選項中只有B項詞義符合句意，該題選擇B項。

【干擾項排除】

C項指自然發(fā)生的，非計劃性的；

A、D項不符合句意。

【句意】在過去的十年里，摩天大樓在芝加哥和紐約同時拔地而起。

6.單選題

Ihadtodoafivehourwrittenexaminationonhorseandstablemanagement;butyouknowIhavetodoitinordertogetthe（）.

問題1選項

A.civilization

B.assimilation

C.revolution

D.qualification

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。civilization“文明，文化”；assimilation“同化，吸收”；revolution“革命，旋轉”；qualification“資格，條件”。句意：我得參加5個小時的馬匹管理課程筆試。但是你知道我是為了得到相關資質才這樣做。只有D項符合句意。

7.單選題

Underthepresentsystem,stateenterprisesmust____allprofitstothegovernment.

問題1選項

A.turndown

B.turnup

C.turnout

D.turnin

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.turndown減?。魂P??；調低B.turnup出現(xiàn)；發(fā)生；開大

C.turnout最后是；結果是D.turnin上交；歸還

【答案】D

【考查點】詞組辨析。

【解題思路】句意：在現(xiàn)行制度下，國有企業(yè)必須將所有利潤……政府。國營企業(yè)上繳利潤收入指國營企業(yè)以利潤等形式上繳給國家的預算收入。因此根據(jù)句意，國有企業(yè)所獲得的利潤要交給政府。因此選D。

【干擾項排除】A、B、C選項均不符合句意。

【句意】在現(xiàn)行制度下，國有企業(yè)必須將所有利潤上繳政府。

8.單選題

Hewasn'taskedtotakeonthechairmanshipofthesociety,（

）insufficientlypopularwithallmembers.

問題1選項

A.beingconsidered

B.considering

C.tobeconsidered

D.havingconsidered

【答案】A

【解析】考查分詞作狀語?？崭裉幵诰渲凶鳡钫Z，表示原因，說明主語沒有擔任主席的原因。主語he是動詞consider的承受者，表示被動關系，故排除B、D選項；tobeconsidered是不定式被動式，表示將來或尚未發(fā)生的動作，不符合句意，故排除C選項，因此選A。

句意：他沒有被要求擔任協(xié)會主席，考慮到他不太受所有成員歡迎。

9.單選題

Motherwarned______theelectriclamp.

問題1選項

A.nottotouch

B.himnottotouch

C.himnottouching

D.himnottouch

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞用法。句意：媽媽告誡他不要碰電燈。告誡某人不要做某事用warnsb.nottodosth.，所以B選項himnottotouch符合題意，故正確。其余選項語法錯誤。因此B選項正確。

10.單選題

Thedayispastwhenthecountrycanaffordtogivehighschooldiplomatoallwho（）sixyearsofinstruction.

問題1選項

A.setabout

B.runfor

C.sitthrough

D.makefor

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A項setabout“著手，開始做……”，B項runfor“競選，匆匆去取”，C項sitthrough“一直挺到結束，耐著性子看完”，D項makefor“導致，有助于”。前文提到“國家為所有人提供高中文憑的日子已經過去了”，根據(jù)后文的sixyearsofinstruction（6年教育）可推測空格處表示“一直讀完六年結束”。句意：國家能夠負擔得起給所有接受了6年教育的人頒發(fā)高中文憑的日子已經過去了。因此，該題C項正確。

11.單選題

Ifacouplearedivorcedandtheirchildliveswithhismother,heissaidtosufferfromlaceof______love.

問題1選項

A.maternal

B.fraternal

C.paternal

D.parental

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項maternal“母親的、母性的”；B項fraternal“兄弟般的、友好的”；C項paternal“父親的、父親般的”；D項parental“父母親的”；句意：如果一對夫婦離婚了，他們的孩子和他的母親住在一起，那么他被認為缺乏父愛。因此該題C項正確。

12.單選題

Imaginewakingupandfindingthevalueofyourassetshasbeenhalved.No,you’renotaninvestorinoneofthosehedgefundsthatfailedcompletely.Withthedollarslumpingtoa26-yearlowagainstthepound,alreadyexpensiveLondonhasbecomequiteunaffordable.AcoffeeatStarbucks,justasunavoidableinEnglandasitisintheUnitedStates,runsabout$8.

Theonceall-powerfuldollarisn’tdoingaTitanicagainstjustthepound.Itissittingatarecordlowagainsttheeuroandata30-yearlowagainsttheCanadiandollar.EventheArgentinepesoandBrazilianrealarethrivingagainstthedollar.

Theweakdollarisasourceofhumiliation,foranation’sself-esteemrestsinpartonthestrengthofitscurrency.It’salsoapotentialeconomicproblem,sinceadecliningdollarmakesimportedfoodmoreexpensiveandexertsupwardpressureoninterestrates.AndyettherearesubstantialsectorsofthevastU.S.economy—fromgiantcompanieslikeCoca-Colatomom-and-poprestaurantoperatorsinMiami—forwhichtheweakdollarismostexcellentnews.

ManyEuropeansmayviewtheU.S.asanarrogantsuperpowerthathasbecomehostiletoforeigners.ButnothingmakespeoplethinkmorewarmlyoftheU.S.thanaweakdollar.ThroughApril,thetotalnumberofvisitorsfromabroadwasup6.8percentfromlastyear.Shouldthetrendcontinue,thenumberoftouriststhisyearwillfinallytopthe2000peak.ManyEuropeansnowapparentlyviewtheU.S.thewaymanyAmericansviewMexico—asacheapplacetovacation,shopandparty,allwhileignoringthefactthatthepoorerlocalscattyaffordtojointhemerrymaking.

Themoneytouristsspendhelpsdecreaseourchronictradedeficit*Sodoexports,which,thanksinparttotheweakdollar,soared11percentbetweenMay2006andMay2007.Forthe

firstfivemonthsof2007，thetradedeficitactuallyfell7percentfrom2006.

IfyouownsharesinlargeAmericancorporations,you’reawinnerintheweak-dollargamble.LastweekCoca-Cola’sstockbubbledtoafive-yearhighafteritreportedafantasticquarter.Foreignsalesaccountedfor65percentofCoke’sbeveragebusiness.OtherAmericancompaniesprofitingfromthistrendincludeMcDonald’sandIBM.

Americantourists,however,shouldn'texpectanyreliefsoon.Thedollarloststrengththewaymanymarriagesbreakup—slowly,andthenallatonce.Andcurrenciesdon’tturnonadime.Soifyouwanttoavoidthepaininflictedbytheincreasinglypatheticdollar,cancelthatsummervacationtoEnglandandlooktoNewEngland.There,thedollarisstilltreatedwithalittlerespect.

1.WhydoAmericansfeelhumiliated?

2.HowdoesthecurrentdollaraffectthelifeofordinaryAmericans?

3.HowdomanyEuropeansfeelabouttheU.S.withthedevalueddollar?

4.Whatistheauthor’sadvicetoAmericans?

5.Whatdoestheauthorimplybysaying"currenciesdon’tturnonadime”(Line2,Pare.7)?

問題1選項

A.Theireconomyisplunging.

B.Theircurrencyhasslumped.

C.Theycan’taffordtripstoEurope.

D.Theyhavelosthalfoftheirassets.

問題2選項

A.TheyhavetocanceltheirvacationsinNewEngland.

B.Theyfinditunaffordabletodineinmom-and-poprestaurants.

C.Theyhavetospendmoremoneywhenbuyingimportedgoods.

D.Theymightlosetheirjobsduetopotentialeconomicproblems.

問題3選項

A.Theyfeelcontemptuousofit.

B.Theyaresympatheticwithit.

C.Theyregarditasasuperpoweronthedecline.

D.Theythinkofitasagoodtouristdestination.

問題4選項

A.Theytreatthedollarwithalittlerespect.

B.Theytrytowinintheweak-dollargamble.

C.Theyvacationathomeratherthanabroad.

D.Theytreasuretheirmarriagesallthemore.

問題5選項

A.Thedollar’svaluewillnotincreaseintheshortterm.

B.Thevalueofadollarwillnotbereducedtoadime.

C.Thedollar’svaluewilldrop,butwithinasmallmargin.

D.FewAmericanswillchangedollarsintoothercurrencies.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。由題干關鍵詞humiliated定位至第三段:Theweakdollarisasourceofhumiliation,foranation'sself-esteemrestsinpartonthestrengthofitscurrency(美元貶值是一種恥辱之源，因為一個國家的自尊在一定程度上取決于其貨幣的實力)。故選B(貨幣貶值)。

2.細節(jié)事實題。第三段指出:It'salsoapotentialeconomicproblem,sinceadecliningdollarmakesimportedfoodmoreexpensiveandexertsupwardpressureoninterestrates(由于美元日益貶值，使得進口商品的價格上漲，對利率的壓力也不斷增大),故選C(當購買進口商品時，需要支付更多費用)。

3.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干定位至第四段:ManyEuropeansnowapparentlyviewtheU.S.thewaymanyAmericansviewMexico—asacheapplacetovacation,shopandparty(現(xiàn)在，許多歐洲人眼中的美國顯然就像美國人心中的墨西哥一樣個價格低的旅游、購物和聚會的好去處)。故選D(他們認為美國是一個好的旅游目的地)。

4.判斷推理題。文章最后一段指出:Soifyouwanttoavoidthepaininflictedbytheincreasinglypatheticdollar,cancelthatsummervacationtoEnglandandlooktoNewEngland.There,thedollarisstilltreatedwithalittlerespect(所以，如果你打算避免因為美元持續(xù)貶值而帶來的傷痛，那么取消今年暑假的英國之旅，轉而前往新英格蘭州吧。在那里，美元還能保留一絲尊嚴)。新英格蘭州屬于美國,故選C(他們在國內度假，而非國外)。

5.語義題。根據(jù)題干關鍵詞"currenciesdon’tturnonadime”定位至最后一段,其前一句為:Thedollarloststrengththewaymanymarriagesbreakup—slowly,andthenallatonce(美元疲軟就像許多婚姻走向破裂的過程一樣先是慢慢的，然后突然爆發(fā))。"turnonadime"本意為“短時間內發(fā)生急劇轉變”,故選A(美元短時間內不會升值)。

13.翻譯題

國際間的禮品贈予已經成了文化的危險區(qū)域。各種文化中的禁忌都有所不同。要贈送他人得當?shù)亩Y品就必須了解對方的文化。

在某些文化中，適時贈予符合時尚的合適的禮品，不僅會增進個人之間的關系，也能提高公司和個人的形象。合適的禮品可以表達對他人的尊重，同樣也表現(xiàn)出公司和個人的形象，以及實現(xiàn)全球化的技能和實力。在人際關系十分重要的文化中，禮品反映公司的形象和意圖。同時，潛在的合作伙伴可以進一步領會你以及你公司的想法和未來可能采取的行動。然而，贈予禮品的主要目的是，向接受者表示敬意，讓他們感到愉快。如果把這一點牢記在心，你就不可能贈送他人不合適的禮品。你的禮品就更不可能會侮辱對方。

國際間禮品贈予的基本經驗是：你贈送的禮品最好是本國生產的。要特別細心，弄清禮品的生產產地，以避免對接受禮品的人造成任何無禮的后果。

【答案】Internationalgift-givinghasbecomeadangerouszoneofculture,andeachculturehasitsowntaboos.Togivepropergiftstoothers,onemustunderstandthecultureofthereceivers.

Insomecultures,givingtheappropriateandfashionablegifttimely,notonlyadvancespersonalrelationships,butcanenhancetheimageofthecompanyandtheindividual.Therightgiftcanshowrespectforothers,andindicatetheimageofacompanyoranindividual,aswellastheskillsandstrengthtoachieveglobalization.Inaculturewhererelationshipsareimportant,giftsreflectacompany’simageandintentions.Atthesametime,potentialpartnerscangaininsightintowhatyouandyourcompanyarethinkingandwhatyoumightdointhefuture.However,themainpurposeofgift-givingistoshowyourhonortotherecipientsandmakethemfeelhappy.Ifyoukeepthisinmind,itwillbeimpossibleforyoutogiveothersinappropriategifts,letaloneinsultinggifts.

Thebasicexperienceininternationalgift-givingis:yourgifthadbettertobemanufacturedinyourhomecountry.Takespecialcaretomakesurewherethegiftwasmadesoasnottocauseanyrudenesstotherecipient.

14.單選題

Thepromiseoffindinglong-termtechnologicalsolutionstotheproblemofworldfoodshortagesseemsdifficulttofulfill.Manyinnovationsthatwereonceheavilysupportedandpublicized,suchasfish-proteinconcentrateandproteinfromalgaegrownonpetroleumsubstrates:hassincefallenbythewayside.Theproposalsthemselvesweretechnicallyfeasible;buttheyprovedtobeeconomicallyunviableandtoyieldfoodproductsculturallyunacceptabletotheirconsumers.Recentinnovationssuchasopaque-2maize,Antarctickrill,andthewheat-ryetriticaleseemmorepromising,butitistooearlytopredicttheirultimatefate.

Onecharacteristiccommontounsuccessfulfoodinnovationshasbeenthat,evenwithextensivegovernmentsupport,theyoftenhavenotbeentechnologicallyadaptedorculturallyacceptabletothepeopleforwhomtheyhadbeendeveloped.Asuccessfulnewtechnology,therefore,mustfittheentiresocio-culturalsysteminwhichitistofindaplace.Securityofcropyield,practicalityofstorage,palatability,andcostsaremuchmoresignificantthanhadpreviouslybeenrealizedbytheadvocatesofnewtechnologies.Forexample,thebetterproteinqualityintortillasmadefromopaque-2maizewillbeofonlylimitedbenefittoafamilyonthemarginofsubsistenceifthenewmaizeisnotculturallyacceptableorismorevulnerabletoinsects.

Theadoptionofnewfoodtechnologiesdependsonmorethanthesetechnicalandculturalconsiderations;economicfactorsandgovernmentalpoliciesalsostronglyinfluencetheultimatesuccessofanyinnovation.EconomistsintheAnglo-Americantraditionhavetakentheleadininvestigatingtheeconomicsoftechnologicalinnovation.Althoughtheyexaggerateinclaimingthatprofitabilityisthekeyfactorguidingtechnicalchange—theycompletelydisregardthesubstantialeffectsofculture—theyarecorrectinstressingtheimportanceofprofits.Mosttechnologicalinnovationsinagriculturecanbellyusedonlybylargelandownersandareonlyadoptediftheseprofit-orientedbusinesspeoplebelievethattheinnovationwillincreasetheirincomes.

1.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthorwasabletoassessthetruthofwhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutopaque-2maize?

2.ThepassagementionsallofthefollowingasfactorsimportanttothesuccessofanewfoodcropEXCEPTthe（

）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,theuseofAntarctickrillasafoodisaninnovationwhosefutureis（

）.

4.Thefirstparagraphofthepassagebestsupportswhichofthefollowingstatements?

問題1選項

A.Itcanbestoredaseasilyasothervarietiesofmaize.

B.Itismorepopularthanthewheat-ryehybridtriticale.

C.Itproducestortillasofgreaterproteincontentthandoothervarietiesofmaize.

D.Itismoresusceptibletoinsectsthanareothervarietiesofmaize.

問題2選項

A.practicalityofstorageofthecrop

B.securityofthecropyield

C.qualityofthecrop'sprotein

D.culturalacceptabilityofthecrop

問題3選項

A.basicallygloomybutstilluncertain

B.somewhatpromisingbutverytentative

C.generallybrightandvirtuallyassured

D.tiedtotheSuccessofopaque-2maize

問題4選項

A.Toomuchpublicitycanharmthechancesforthesuccessofanewfoodinnovation.

B.Innovationsthatproduceculturallyacceptablecropswillgenerallybesuccessful.

C.Afood-productinnovationcanbetechnicallyfeasibleandstillnotbeeconomicallyviable.

D.Itisdifficulttodecidewhetherafood-productinnovationhasactuallybeenasuccess.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“thebetterproteinqualityintortillasmadefromopaque-2maizewillbeofonlylimitedbenefittoafamilyonthemarginofsubsistenceifthenewmaizeisnotculturallyacceptableorismorevulnerabletoinsects.如果這種新玉米在文化上不能被接受，或者更容易受到昆蟲的侵害，那么用不透明2型玉米制成的玉米餅所含的蛋白質盡管質量較好，但對處于生存邊緣的家庭所帶來的利益將是有限的?！弊髡叩闹攸c在于強調它比其他玉米品種更容易受到昆蟲的侵害，所以選項D符合題意。

2.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第二段的二三句“Asuccessfulnewtechnology,therefore,mustfittheentiresocio-culturalsysteminwhichitistofindaplace.Securityofcropyield,practicalityofstorage,palatability,andcostsaremuchmoresignificantthanhadpreviouslybeenrealizedbytheadvocatesofnewtechnologies.因此，一項成功的新技術必須適應它所處的整個社會文化系統(tǒng)。作物產量的安全性、儲藏的實用性、風味和成本都比以前新技術的倡導者所認識到的要重要得多?！边x項A，B，D均有所提及，所以本題選C。

3.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)關鍵詞“Antarctickrill”定位到第一段最后一句“Recentinnovationssuchasopaque-2maize,Antarctickrill,andthewheat-ryetriticaleseemmorepromising,butitistooearlytopredicttheirultimatefate.最近的創(chuàng)新，如不透明玉米、南極磷蝦和黑小麥似乎更有希望，但現(xiàn)在預測它們的最終命運還為時過早?！彼赃x項B符合原文。

4.判斷推理題。第一段最后一句指出“itistooearlytopredicttheirultimatefate.現(xiàn)在預測它們的最終命運還為時過早”。選項A在文中沒有提及；選項B太過于絕對；選項C表述過于片面，只有選項D能夠全面的概括第一段的內容，所以正確。

15.單選題

Iwouldhavecomesooner,butI（）thattheywerewaitingforme.

問題1選項

A.didn’tknow

B.haven’tknown

C.don’tknow

D.wouldhaveknown

【答案】A

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句子的前半部分wouldhavecome是與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣，表示我應該早點來的。所以句子的后半部分應該要用到過去式，表示過去不知道他們在等我。句意：我本可以早點來的，但我不知道他們在等我。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是A選項。

16.單選題

Artthatenduresoftenmakesaninitiallydisturbingimpact:theprofoundexperiencethatsuchartseekstoprovokenecessarilyengendersacertain（

）.

問題1選項

A.familiarity

B.ennui

C.upheaval

D.intimacy

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。familiarity“熟悉，精通”；ennui“厭倦，無聊，倦怠”；upheaval“劇變，動亂”；intimacy“親密，親昵行為”。句意：忍耐的藝術通常產生原發(fā)性地讓人煩惱的沖擊效果：這種藝術試圖引起的深刻經驗必然產生一種錯亂。選項C符合題意。

17.單選題

ThedestructionoftheEarth’sozonelayer,forexample,couldcontributetothegeneralprocessofimpoverishmentbyallowingultravioletraystoharmplantsandanimals.

問題1選項

A.sufficient

B.improvement

C.prosperity

D.poverty

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項sufficient“足夠的；充分的”；B選項improvement“改進，改善；提高”；C選項prosperity“繁榮，成功”；D選項poverty“貧困；困難；缺少；低劣”。句意：例如，地球臭氧層的破壞會使紫外線傷害動植物，從而加劇貧困化的進程。結合此處關鍵詞impoverishment“貧窮；致使貧乏或貧瘠之事物；窮困化狀況”，得知D選項正確。

18.單選題

WhenIwentintothediningroomthenextmorning,the（

）ofthedinnerwerestillonthetable.

問題1選項

A.remains

B.relies

C.remnants

D.surplus

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。remain“遺跡，剩余物”；rely“依靠”；remnant“剩余”；surplus“剩余；順差”。句意：當我第二天早上去餐廳時，昨天晚餐剩下的東西還在桌上。選項A符合題意。

19.單選題

Hisfamilytriedto___intothewhiteandHispaniccommunities.

問題1選項

A.melt

B.assimilate

C.involve

D.weaver

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.melt融化B.assimilate吸收；使同化

C.involve包含；牽涉D.weaver織布工；編織工

【考查點】固定搭配。

【解題思路】assimilateinto表示（使）逐漸混合于（某一更大的群體）。句中whiteandHispaniccommunities指的是白人和西班牙裔社區(qū)，是一個大群體。B選項符合句意。

【干擾項排除】A、C、D選項均無法與空格前后構成相應邏輯關系。

【句意】他的家人試圖融入白人和西班牙裔社區(qū)。

20.單選題

Theyoungapplicantisundergreat___atthethoughtofup-comingjobinterview.

問題1選項

A.comprehension

B.apprehension

C.miscomprehension

D.concern

【答案