考研考博-英語-廣州體育學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廣州體育學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Theirsolutionwastoenrolltheirchildreninprivateschools,which,becausetheyreceivednotaxmoney,werefreetooperatewithoutbeingsubjecttoracial（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.discrimination

B.segregation

C.controversy

D.apportionment

【答案】A

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。discrimination“歧視”；segregation“隔離”；controversy“爭(zhēng)論”；apportionment“分派”。句意：他們的解決方法就是將他們的孩子送入私立學(xué)校，因?yàn)樗麄儾皇杖∪魏味惪?，并且沒有種族歧視。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.

國(guó)務(wù)院總理溫家寶3月5日在十一屆全國(guó)人大三次會(huì)議上作政府工作報(bào)告時(shí)提出，要堅(jiān)定不移推進(jìn)改革。進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大開放。要全面適應(yīng)國(guó)際形勢(shì)變化和國(guó)內(nèi)發(fā)展要求，拓展對(duì)外開放的廣度和深度。

溫家寶提出，要穩(wěn)定發(fā)展對(duì)外貿(mào)易。今年的主要著力點(diǎn)是拓市場(chǎng)、調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)、促平衡。堅(jiān)持實(shí)施市場(chǎng)多元化戰(zhàn)略和以質(zhì)取勝戰(zhàn)略落實(shí)和完善出口退稅、出口信貸、出口信用保險(xiǎn)等各項(xiàng)政策措施，繼續(xù)改善海關(guān)、質(zhì)檢、外匯等方面的服務(wù)。

溫家寶表示，要推動(dòng)利用外資和對(duì)外投資協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。優(yōu)化利用外資結(jié)構(gòu)，鼓勵(lì)外資投向高端制造業(yè)、高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)、現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)、新能源和節(jié)能環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè)，鼓勵(lì)跨國(guó)公司在華設(shè)立地區(qū)總部等各類功能性機(jī)構(gòu)，鼓勵(lì)中外企業(yè)加強(qiáng)研發(fā)合作。“走出去”的企業(yè)要依法經(jīng)營(yíng)，規(guī)避風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，防止惡性競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，維護(hù)國(guó)家整體利益和良好形象。

溫家寶提出，要深化多邊雙邊經(jīng)貿(mào)合作。加強(qiáng)和改善與發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系，深化與發(fā)展中國(guó)家的互利合作。發(fā)揮經(jīng)濟(jì)高層對(duì)話和雙邊經(jīng)貿(mào)聯(lián)委會(huì)作用。加快自由貿(mào)易區(qū)建設(shè)步伐。積極參與多哈回合談判，推動(dòng)早日達(dá)成更加合理、平衡的談判結(jié)果。反對(duì)各種形式的保護(hù)主義，妥善處理貿(mào)易摩擦。

【答案】WhiledeliveringagovernmentworkreportattheThirdSessionoftheEleventhNationalPeople'sCongressonMarch5,PremierWenJiabaoputforwardthatwemustunswervinglyadvancereformandfurtherexpandopeningup,wemustfullyadapttochangesintheinternationalsituation,meettheneedsofdomesticdevelopment,andexpandthebreadthanddepthofopeningup.

WenJiabaoproposedthatwewillseekforstabledevelopmentofforeigntrade.Hesaidthatthisyear’smainfocusesareonopeningnewmarkets,adjustingstructure,promotingbalance;weshouldcontinueourmarketdiversificationstrategyandwin-through-qualitystrategy,implementandimproveexporttaxrefund,exportcredit,exportcreditinsuranceandotherpoliciesandmeasures;weshouldcontinuetoimproveserviceincustoms,qualityinspectionsandforeignexchangeandotherareas.

WenJiabaosaidthatweshouldpromotecoordinateddevelopmentbetweenusingothercountries’investmentinChinaandmakingChineseinvestmentoverseas;weshouldoptimizethestructureofforeigncapitalutilization,encourageforeigncapitaltobeinvestedinhigh-endmanufacturingindustry,highandnewtechnologicalindustry,modemserviceindustry,newenergyindustry,energy-savingandenvironment-friendlyindustries;wemustencouragemultinationalcorporationstosetupregionalheadquartersandotherfunctionalagenciesinChina,encouragetheChineseandforeignenterprisestostrengthenresearchanddevelopmentcooperation;theenterprisesthathave"goneglobal"shouldoperateinaccordancewiththelaw,avoidrisks,preventviciouscompetition,andsafeguardthecountry'soverallinterestsandgoodimage.

WenJiabaoproposedthatwewilldeepenmultilateralandbilateralbusinesscooperation;wewillstrengthenandimprovetheeconomicandtraderelationswithdevelopedcountries,anddeepenmutuallybeneficialcooperationwithdevelopingcountries;wewillmakefulluseoftheroleofhigh-leveleconomicdialogueandbilateraleconomicandtradejointcommissions,quickenthepaceofestablishingfreetradezonesandactivelyparticipateintheDoharoundoftradetalkstoreachamorereasonableandbalancedoutcomeasearlyaspossible;wewillopposeprotectionisminallformsandproperlyhandletradefrictions.

3.單選題

Thetwodelegateshadanin-depthexchangeofviewsonhowtoenhancetheir（）cooperation.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ethical

B.bilateral

C.mandatory

D.subsidiary

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。ethical“倫理的，道德的”；bilateral“雙邊的”；mandatory“強(qiáng)制的”；subsidiary“附屬的”，由delegate“代表團(tuán)”與cooperation“合作”一詞可知此處應(yīng)該選擇形容詞bilateral，表示兩國(guó)之間的合作。句意：這兩個(gè)代表團(tuán)就如何加強(qiáng)……合作進(jìn)行了深入的交流。故正確答案為選項(xiàng)B。

4.單選題

Experimentsusinganimalshaveplayedacrucialroleinthedevelopmentofmodemmedicaltreatments,andtheywillcontinuetobenecessaryasresearchersseekto______existingailmentsandrespondtotheemergenceofnewdisease.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.alleviate

B.replicate

C.dwindle

D.exploit

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)alleviate“減輕，緩和”，B項(xiàng)replicate“復(fù)制，折疊”，C項(xiàng)dwindle“減少，變小”，D項(xiàng)exploit“開發(fā)，開拓，剝削”?？崭裉幪钊雱?dòng)詞，其賓語是existingailments“現(xiàn)有的疾病”，結(jié)合后面的句子respondtotheemergenceofnewdisease“應(yīng)對(duì)新疾病的出現(xiàn)”可知，alleviate符合語境。句意：動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)在現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)治療的發(fā)展中發(fā)揮了至關(guān)重要的作用，在研究人員尋求減輕現(xiàn)有疾病和應(yīng)對(duì)新疾病出現(xiàn)時(shí)，這些實(shí)驗(yàn)將繼續(xù)是必要的。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Withoutthefrictionbetweenthefeetandtheground,peoplewould（

）beabletowalk.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.innotime

B.byallmeans

C.innoway

D.onanyaccount

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。innotime立即，馬上；byallmeans無論如何；innoway決不；onanyaccount無論如何。句意：如果腳和地面之間沒有摩擦，那么人類不可能會(huì)走路。C項(xiàng)符合句意，答案C

6.單選題

Iwon’thaveawhisky,thankyou.It’snotthatIdon’tdrink,______thatIdon’tdrinkanddrive.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.butrather

B.butalso

C.except

D.otherwise

【答案】C

【解析】考查句子邏輯。前面和后面構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。A項(xiàng)butrather“而是，相反地”表示對(duì)比；B項(xiàng)butalso“并且”表示強(qiáng)調(diào)；C項(xiàng)except“除了”，exceptthat“只可惜，除了……之外”表示轉(zhuǎn)折；D項(xiàng)otherwise“否則”，一般是作為副詞來使用，連接并列分句。句意：我不要威士忌，謝謝。不是我不喝，只可惜我不能喝，要開車。根據(jù)句意，正確答案為C。

7.單選題

Thepotentialofcomputersforincreasingthecontroloforganizationsorsocietyovertheirmembersandforinvadingtheprivacyofthosemembershascausedconsiderableconcern.

Theprivacyissuehasbeenraisedmostinsistentlywithrespecttothecreationandmaintenanceofdatafilesthatassembleinformationaboutpersonsfromamultitudeofsources.

FilesofthiskindwouldbeKighlyvaluableformanykindsofeconomicandsocialresearch,buttheyareboughtattoohighapriceiftheyendangerhumanfreedomorseriouslyenhancetheiropportunitiesofblackmailers.Whilesuchdangersshouldnotbeignored,itshouldbenotedthatthelackofcomprehensivedatafileshasneverbeforebeenthelimitingbarriertothesuppressionofhumanfreedom.

Makingthecomputerthevillainintheinvasionofprivacyorencroachmentoncivillibertiessimplydiversattentionfromtherealdangers.Computerdatabankfilescanandmustbegiventhehighestdegreeofprotectionformabuse.Butwemustbecarefulalso,thatwedonotemploysuchcrudemethodsofprotectionastodepriveoursocietyofimportantdataitneedstounderstanditsdownsocialprocessesandtoanalyzeitsproblems.

Perhapsthemostimportantquestionofallaboutthecomputeriswhatithascomeandwilldotoman,viewofhimselfandhisplaceintheuniverse.Themostheatedattacksonthecomputerarenotfocusedonitspossibleeconomiceffects,itspresumeddestructionofjobsatisfaction,oritsthreattoprivacyandliberty，butupontheclaimthatitcausespeopletobeviewed,andtoviewthemselves,asmachines.

Whatthecomputerandprogressinartificialintelligencechallengeareanethicthatrestsonman'sapartnessfromtherestofnature.Analternativeethic,ofcourse,viewsmanasapartofnature,governedbynaturelaw,subjecttotheforcesofgravityandthedemandsofhisbody.Thedebateaboutartificialintelligenceandthesimulationofman'sthinkingis,inconsiderablepart,aconfrontationofthesetwoviewsofman'splaceintheuniverse.

1.Whyisitimportanttopreventtheabuseofcomputerdatabands?

2.Whichofthefollowingisnottrueaboutdatefiles?

3.Toomuchcautionintheuseofcomputerswill______..

4.Whatlessonscanbelearnedfromthepastinthisdecade?

5.Thearrivalofthecomputerhasmademan______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Toprotecttherightoftheindividual.

B.Tomaintaindisciplineinsociety.

C.Toencourageeconomicandsocialresearch.

D.Tocollectwide-ranginginformation.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Itmaycauseinvasionofprivacy.

B.Dangerscausedbyitshouldbepaidmuchattentionto.

C.Computerdatafilesshouldbeprotectedfromabuse.

D.Itisreasonabletocanceldatafilesinordertoprotectprivacy.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.preventthesolutionofeconomicproblems

B.causemoresuppressionofhumanfreedom

C.leadtoclumsymethodsofprotection

D.interferewithourstudyofsociety

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Privateissuehasalwaysbeenassociatedwithdatacollection.

B.Attacksonfreedomarenew.

C.Theaccumulationofdataencouragesoppression.

D.Privacyhasbeenaneglectedissue.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.havemoredifficultyunderstandinghimself

B.thinkmorelikeamachine

C.lookathimselfinadifferentway

D.gainlesssatisfactionfromhiswork

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段可知，一些組織利用計(jì)算機(jī)加強(qiáng)對(duì)其成員的監(jiān)控，并侵犯其隱私權(quán)，已引起了相當(dāng)大的關(guān)注。

所以防止計(jì)算機(jī)數(shù)據(jù)庫的濫用是為了保護(hù)個(gè)人權(quán)利。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

2.根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容可知，計(jì)算機(jī)數(shù)據(jù)庫文件可以而且必須得到最高程度的保護(hù)，防止濫用。但是，我們也必須小心，不要使用魯莽的保護(hù)方法，使我們的社會(huì)失去了解其社會(huì)進(jìn)程和分析其問題所需要的重要數(shù)據(jù)。選項(xiàng)D提出的抹去數(shù)據(jù)庫文件就是魯莽的保護(hù)行為，所以選項(xiàng)D不正確。

3.根據(jù)第四段的第三句“Butwemustbecarefulalso,thatwedonotemploysuchcrudemethodsofprotection...”我們必須小心謹(jǐn)慎，否則會(huì)產(chǎn)生一些魯莽笨拙的保護(hù)方法，選項(xiàng)C符合原文，

4.根據(jù)第四段的第一句“Makingthecomputerthevillainintheinvasionofprivacyorencroachmentoncivillibertiessimplydiversattentionfromtherealdangers.”計(jì)算機(jī)成為侵犯隱私或公民自由的罪魁禍?zhǔn)?，只是把人們的注意力從真正的危險(xiǎn)上轉(zhuǎn)移開了。言外之意，隱私權(quán)這一問題一直被忽略了。所以選項(xiàng)D項(xiàng)符合原文。

5.根據(jù)第五段的第二句“Themostheatedattacks...,asmachines.”對(duì)計(jì)算機(jī)最激烈的抨擊不是對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)可能產(chǎn)生的影響，也不是假設(shè)破壞工作滿意度，或威脅到隱私和自由。而是聲稱它會(huì)導(dǎo)致人們被認(rèn)為或者認(rèn)為自己是一臺(tái)機(jī)器。選項(xiàng)B項(xiàng)符合原文。

8.單選題

Therewasonlyasmall（）inthecity'spopulationoverthelasttenyears.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.intimacy

B.immortality

C.increment

D.incidence

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)intimacy表示“性關(guān)系，親密；親昵行為”；B選項(xiàng)immortality表示“不朽，不滅”；C選項(xiàng)increment表示“增量，增加，盈余”；D選項(xiàng)incidence表示“發(fā)生率，影響，后果”。由句意“在過去十年里，這個(gè)城市的人口只有少量”可知，只有C項(xiàng)最符合句意。因此，本題正確答案為C項(xiàng)。

9.單選題

WhenA.PhilipRandolphassumedtheleadershipoftheBrotherhoodofSleepingCarPorters,hebeganaten-yearbattletowinrecognitionfromthePullmanCompany,thelargestprivateemployerofBlackpeopleintheUnitedStatesandthecompanythatcontrolledtherailroadindustry’ssleepingcarandparlorservice.In1935theBrotherhoodbecamethefirstBlackunionrecognizedbyamajorcorporation.Randolph’seffortsinthebattlehelpedtransformtheattitudeofBlackworkerstowardunionsandtowardthemselvesasanidentifiablegroup;eventually,Randolphhelpedtoweakenorganizedlabor’santagonismtowardBlackworkers.

InthePullmancontestRandolphfacedformidableobstacles.ThefirstwasBlackworkers’understandableskepticismtowardunions,whichhadhistoricallybarredBlackworkersfrommembership.AnadditionalobstaclewastheunionthatPullmanitselfhadformed,whichweakenedsupportamongBlackworkersforanindependententity.

TheBrotherhoodpossessedanumberofadvantages,however,includingRandolph’sowntacticalabilities.In1928hetooktheboldstepofthreateningastrikeagainstPullman.Suchathreat,onanationalscale,underBlackleadership,helpedreplacethestereotypeoftheBlackworkerasservantwiththeimageoftheBlackworkeraswageearner.Inaddition,theporters’veryisolationaidedtheBrotherhood.Porterswerescatteredthroughoutthecountry,sleepingindormitoriesinBlackcommunities;theirsegregatedlifeprotectedtheunion’internalcommunicationsfrominterception.Thattheporterswereahomogeneousgroupworkingforasingleemployerwithsinglelaborpolicy,thussharingthesamegrievancesfromcitytocity,alsostrengthenedtheBrotherhoodandencouragedracialidentityandsolidarityaswell.Butitwasonlyintheearly1930sthatfederallegislationprohibitingacompanyfrommaintainingitsownunionswithcompanymoneyeventuallyallowedtheBrotherhoodtobecomerecognizedastheporters’representative.

Notcontentwiththistriumph,RandolphbroughttheBrotherhoodintotheAmericanFederationofLabor,whereitbecametheequaloftheFederation’s105otherunions.Hereasonedthatasamemberunion,theBrotherhoodwouldbeinabetterpositiontoexertpressureonmemberunionsthatpracticedracerestrictions.Suchrestrictionswereeventuallyfoundunconstitutionalin1944.

1.Accordingtothepassage,by1935theskepticismofBlackworkerstowardunionswas____.

2.Inusingtheword“understandable”(Para.2),theauthormostclearlyconveys____.

3.ThepassagesuggestswhichofthefollowingabouttheresponseofporterstothePullmanCompany’sownunion?

4.ThepassagesuggeststhatifthegrievancesofportersinonepartoftheUnitedStateshadbeendifferentfromthoseofportersinanotherpartofthecountry,whichofthefollowingwouldhavebeenthecase?

5.ThepassagesuppliesinformationconcerningwhichofthefollowingmattersrelatedtoRandolph?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.unchangedexceptamongBlackemployeesofrailroad-relatedindustries

B.reinforcedbytheactionsofthePullmanCompany’sunion

C.mitigatedbytheeffortsofRandolph

D.weakenedbytheopeningupofmanyunionstoBlackworkers

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.sympathywithattemptsbytheBrotherhoodbetween1925and1935toestablishanindependentunion

B.concernthattheobstaclesfacedbyRandolphbetween1925and1935wereindeedformidable

C.ambivalenceaboutthesignificanceofunionstomostBlackworkersinthe1920s

D.appreciationoftheattitudeofmanyBlackworkersinthe1920stowardunions

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Fewporterseverjoinedthisunion.

B.Someporterssupportedthisunionbefore1935.

C.Porters,morethanotherPullmanemployees,enthusiasticallysupportedthisunion.

D.Theporters’responsewasmostpositiveafter1935.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.ItwouldhavebeenmoredifficultforthePullmanCompanytohavehadasinglelaborpolicy.

B.ItwouldhavebeenmoredifficultfortheBrotherhoodtocontrolitschannelsofcommunication.

C.ItwouldhavebeenmoredifficultfortheBrotherhoodtobuilditsmembership.

D.ItwouldhavebeeneasierforthePullmanCompany’suniontoattractmembership.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.ThestepshetooktoinitiatethefoundingoftheBrotherhood.

B.HismotivationforbringingtheBrotherhoodintotheAmericanFederationofLabor.

C.Theinfluencehehadonthepassageoflegislationoverturningracerestrictionsin1944.

D.Theinfluencehehadonthepassageoflegislationtobarcompaniesfromfinancingtheirownunions.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Accordingtothepassage,by1935theskepticismofBlackworkerstowardunionswas____.根據(jù)這篇文章，到1935年，黑人工人對(duì)工會(huì)的懷疑____。

A.unchangedexceptamongBlackemployeesofrailroad-relatedindustriesA.是不變的除了鐵路相關(guān)行業(yè)的黑人雇員外

B.reinforcedbytheactionsofthePullmanCompany’sunionB.是被普爾曼公司工會(huì)的行動(dòng)加強(qiáng)的

C.mitigatedbytheeffortsofRandolphC.是通過倫道夫的努力被減輕的

D.weakenedbytheopeningupofmanyunionstoBlackworkersD.是由于許多工會(huì)向黑人工人開放而被削弱的

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到第一段最后“倫道夫在這場(chǎng)斗爭(zhēng)中的努力幫助改變了黑人工人對(duì)工會(huì)和他們自己作為一個(gè)可識(shí)別群體的態(tài)度；最后，倫道夫幫助削弱了工會(huì)對(duì)黑人工人的敵對(duì)情緒（Randolphhelpedtoweakenorganizedlabor’santagonismtowardBlackworkers）?！边@種敵對(duì)情緒的削弱可以推斷黑人對(duì)工會(huì)的懷疑態(tài)度被削弱。因此選C。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“是不變的除了鐵路相關(guān)行業(yè)的黑人雇員外”，根據(jù)推斷可知，這種懷疑是被削弱了而不是不變的，該選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

B選項(xiàng)“是被普爾曼公司工會(huì)的行動(dòng)加強(qiáng)的”，根據(jù)推斷可知這種懷疑被削弱了而不是加強(qiáng)的，該選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

D選項(xiàng)“是由于許多工會(huì)向黑人工人開放而被削弱的”，文章并沒有說許多工會(huì)開放，該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有。

2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Inusingtheword“understandable”(Para.2),theauthormostclearlyconveys____.

在使用“understandable”這個(gè)詞時(shí)（第2段），作者最清楚地表達(dá)了____。

A.sympathywithattemptsbytheBrotherhoodbetween1925and1935toestablishanindependentunionA.對(duì)兄弟會(huì)在1925年至1935年間建立獨(dú)立聯(lián)盟的企圖表示同情

B.concernthattheobstaclesfacedbyRandolphbetween1925and1935wereindeedformidableB.對(duì)倫道夫在1925年至1935年間所面臨的障礙確實(shí)是可怕的擔(dān)憂

C.ambivalenceaboutthesignificanceofunionstomostBlackworkersinthe1920sC.20世紀(jì)20年代大多數(shù)黑人工人對(duì)工會(huì)意義的矛盾心理

D.appreciationoftheattitudeofmanyBlackworkersinthe1920stowardunionsD.對(duì)20世紀(jì)20年代許多黑人工人對(duì)工會(huì)的態(tài)度的理解

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)出處提示詞Paragraph2與題干信息詞mostprevioussurveys可定位到第二段“第一個(gè)原因是黑人工人對(duì)工會(huì)的懷疑態(tài)度，這是可以理解的（understandable），因?yàn)楣?huì)歷來禁止黑人工人加入工會(huì)?！币?yàn)楣?huì)禁止黑人加入，所以黑人對(duì)工會(huì)有懷疑態(tài)度，這是可以理解的。因此選D。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“對(duì)兄弟會(huì)在1925年至1935年間建立獨(dú)立聯(lián)盟的企圖表示同情”，文中沒有體現(xiàn)，該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有；

B選項(xiàng)“對(duì)倫道夫在1925年至1935年間所面臨的障礙確實(shí)是可怕的擔(dān)憂”，文中可以理解的是理解黑人工人對(duì)工會(huì)的懷疑態(tài)度而非該選項(xiàng)所指的含義，該選項(xiàng)屬于張冠李戴；

C選項(xiàng)“20世紀(jì)20年代大多數(shù)黑人工人對(duì)工會(huì)意義的矛盾心理”，文中沒有體現(xiàn)，該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有。

3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

ThepassagesuggestswhichofthefollowingabouttheresponseofporterstothePullmanCompany’sownunion?這篇文章暗示了搬運(yùn)工對(duì)普爾曼公司自己的工會(huì)的反應(yīng)是什么?

A.Fewporterseverjoinedthisunion.A.很少有搬運(yùn)工加入這個(gè)工會(huì)。

B.Someporterssupportedthisunionbefore1935.B.1935年之前，一些搬運(yùn)工支持這個(gè)聯(lián)盟。

C.Porters,morethanotherPullmanemployees,enthusiasticallysupportedthisunion.C.搬運(yùn)工比普爾曼的其他雇員更熱心地支持這個(gè)工會(huì)。

D.Theporters’responsewasmostpositiveafter1935.D.1935年后，搬運(yùn)工們的反應(yīng)最為積極。

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到第二段“另一個(gè)障礙是普爾曼自己組建的工會(huì)，它削弱了黑人工人對(duì)獨(dú)立實(shí)體的支持（weakenedsupportamongBlackworkersforanindependententity）?！笨赏茢噙@里的independententity指的就是兄弟會(huì)。因此，在兄弟會(huì)正式代表porters之前，應(yīng)該是有一些人支持了普爾曼自己的工會(huì)。因此選B。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“很少有搬運(yùn)工加入這個(gè)工會(huì)?！?，根據(jù)推斷可知有一些人加入了普爾曼的工會(huì)，該選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

C選項(xiàng)“搬運(yùn)工比普爾曼的其他雇員更熱心地支持這個(gè)工會(huì)?！?，文中沒有體現(xiàn)，該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“1935年后，搬運(yùn)工們的反應(yīng)最為積極?！?，文章沒有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有。

4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

ThepassagesuggeststhatifthegrievancesofportersinonepartoftheUnitedStateshadbeendifferentfromthoseofportersinanotherpartofthecountry,whichofthefollowingwouldhavebeenthecase?文章指出，如果美國(guó)一個(gè)地區(qū)的搬運(yùn)工的不滿與該國(guó)另一個(gè)地區(qū)的搬運(yùn)工的不滿不同，那么以下哪一種情況會(huì)是這種情況？

A.ItwouldhavebeenmoredifficultforthePullmanCompanytohavehadasinglelaborpolicy.A.對(duì)普爾曼公司來說，實(shí)行單一的勞工政策會(huì)更加困難。

B.ItwouldhavebeenmoredifficultfortheBrotherhoodtocontrolitschannelsofcommunication.B.對(duì)兄弟會(huì)來說，控制其溝通渠道將會(huì)更加困難。

C.ItwouldhavebeenmoredifficultfortheBrotherhoodtobuilditsmembership.C.對(duì)兄弟會(huì)來說，建立成員會(huì)更加困難。

D.ItwouldhavebeeneasierforthePullmanCompany’suniontoattractmembership.

D.普爾曼公司的工會(huì)本來可以更容易地吸引會(huì)員。

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)出處提示詞與題干信息可定位到第三段“搬運(yùn)工是一個(gè)同質(zhì)的群體，為一個(gè)雇主工作，實(shí)行單一的勞工政策，因此在各個(gè)城市都有同樣的不滿（sharingthesamegrievancesfromcitytocity），這也加強(qiáng)了兄弟會(huì)，也鼓勵(lì)了種族認(rèn)同和團(tuán)結(jié)?！庇纱丝芍瑯拥牟粷M會(huì)加強(qiáng)兄弟會(huì)，由此可推斷不同的不滿會(huì)很難建立兄弟會(huì)。因此選C。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“對(duì)普爾曼公司來說，實(shí)行單一的勞工政策會(huì)更加困難?！?，文章提到“搬運(yùn)工是一個(gè)同質(zhì)的群體，為一個(gè)雇主工作，實(shí)行單一的勞工政策”并不是普爾曼公司，該選項(xiàng)屬于張冠李戴；

B選項(xiàng)“對(duì)兄弟會(huì)來說，控制其溝通渠道將會(huì)更加困難。”，文中沒有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“普爾曼公司的工會(huì)本來可以更容易地吸引會(huì)員?！?，文中沒有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有。

5.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

ThepassagesuppliesinformationconcerningwhichofthefollowingmattersrelatedtoRandolph?這篇文章提供了下列哪一件事與倫道夫有關(guān)的信息?

A.ThestepshetooktoinitiatethefoundingoftheBrotherhood.A.他為建立兄弟會(huì)所采取的步驟。

B.HismotivationforbringingtheBrotherhoodintotheAmericanFederationofLabor.

B.他將兄弟會(huì)納入美國(guó)勞工聯(lián)盟的動(dòng)機(jī)。

C.Theinfluencehehadonthepassageoflegislationoverturningracerestrictionsin1944.C.他對(duì)1944年推翻種族限制法案的通過的影響。

D.Theinfluencehehadonthepassageoflegislationtobarcompaniesfromfinancingtheirownunions.D.他對(duì)通過立法禁止公司為自己的工會(huì)提供資金的影響。

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到最后一段“倫道夫并不滿足于這一勝利，他將兄弟會(huì)納入了美國(guó)勞工聯(lián)盟（RandolphbroughttheBrotherhoodintotheAmericanFederationofLabor），在那里，兄弟會(huì)與聯(lián)盟中的其他105個(gè)工會(huì)平起平落。”因此選B。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“他為建立兄弟會(huì)所采取的步驟?！?，文章第一段“當(dāng)倫道夫擔(dān)任臥車列車員兄弟會(huì)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)時(shí)，他開始了一場(chǎng)為期十年的斗爭(zhēng)”說明他只是兄弟會(huì)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，而并不是建立兄弟會(huì)，該選項(xiàng)屬于過度推斷；

C選項(xiàng)“他對(duì)1944年推翻種族限制法案的通過的影響?！保瑐惖婪虿]有推翻種族限制法案，該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“他對(duì)通過立法禁止公司為自己的工會(huì)提供資金的影響。”，文中沒有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有。

10.單選題

Inmoderndays,onthewesternbankoftheupperTigrisRiverstandsanIraqicitycalledQal’atShartlat.Thousandsofyearsago,thisverysitewasoncethecapitalofagreatMesopotamianempire.Atthetime,theplacehadadifferentname.ItwascalledAshurorArrur.ThewordAshureventuallygaverisetotheteamAssyria,whichwasthenorthernpartofMesopotamia.PeoplelivinginthatregionlaterbecameknownastheAssyrians.

HistoriansoftendividethelonghistoryofAssyriaintothreeperiodseventhoughtheycannotreachaconsensusovertheexactdatesofeachera.ThethreeperiodswastheOldAssyrianPeriod(circa2000B.C.—1400B.C.),theMiddleAssyrianPeriod(circa1365B.C.—1100B.C.)andtheNeo-AssyrianEmpire(circa934B.C.—609B.C.).

ArchaeologicalevidenceshowedthatpeoplebegantosettleinAshurasearlyas2500B.C.ButitdidnotattainanypoliticalsignificanceuntilthethirddynastyofUrcollapsedin2004B.C.Afterthatfiasco,theAssyrianstransformedtheAshurintoabustlingcommercialcenter,controllingtraderoutestoandfromAnatolia.In1813B.C.,thefirstgreatAssyrianking,Shamshi-AdadI,ascendedthethroneandbeganaseriesofmilitaryexpansions.Attheheightofhisreign,hiskingdomownedtheentirenorthernMesopotamia.Itsgrowinginfluencegaveitsneighborplentyofreasonstobewary.WhilethingsweregoingsplendidlyforthisAssyrianupstart,Shamshi-Adadpassedawayin1791B.C.Soonafterhisdeath,thekingdombegantofallapart.KnowingthattheShamshi-Adad5sempirewasonthevergeofcollapse,Hammurabiofthe1stdynastyofBabylonjumpedatthechanceandinvadednorthernMesopotamia.HeconqueredAshurin1760B.C.Fromthatpointontothemiddleof1300sB.C.,Assyriawasreducedtoamerevassalstate.Atfirst,ithadtoanswertothe1stdynastyofBabylon.Afterthatempirewaseradicated,itturnedtosubmittoaHumankingdomcalledMitanni.Itwasnotuntil1365B.C.thatAssyria,thenruledbyAshur-uballitI,wasabletoregainitsindependence.Forthenextcouplehundredyears,Assyriagrewincreasinglypowerful.IteventuallydefeatedBabyloniaandevenoccupiedEgypt.

1.Accordingtothearticle,theAssyrianlivedinpartofmodern-day（）.

2.Accordingtothehistorians,thehistoryofAssyriahaslastedforabout（）.

3.ItwasduringthereignofShamshi-AdadI,thefirstgreatAssyrianKing,whentheAssyrians（）.

4.DuringthereignofShamshi-AdadI,theneighboringcountriesofAssyrianEmpire（）.

5.Inhistory,theAssyrianswereonceverypowerful,andtheyevenoccupied（）atonestage.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Egypt

B.India

C.China

D.Iraq

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.4,000years

B.3,800years

C.3,100years

D.1,400years

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.begantoexpandtheirempirewithmilitaryforces

B.begantoopennewtraderoutes

C.begantoencouragecommercialactivities

D.begantoestablishdiplomaticrelationswithothercountries

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.allshowedtheirrespect

B.alladmiredtheachievementsofShamshi-AdadI

C.allbecamevigilantandanxious

D.allpaidtributetoShamshi-AdadI

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.India

B.Russia

C.Egypt

D.Greece

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知，Assyrian生活在幾千年前被稱為Ashur或Arrur的地方?，F(xiàn)在這個(gè)地方名為Qal’atShartlat，是一座伊拉克的城市。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

2.信息歸納題。根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知，歷史學(xué)家將亞述歷史劃分為三個(gè)時(shí)期，分別持續(xù)了600年、265年、325年，一共是大約1400年的歷史。選項(xiàng)D正確。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段第四句“In1813B.C.,thefirstgreatAssyrianking,Shamshi-AdadI,ascendedthethroneandbeganaseriesofmilitaryexpansions.”選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

4.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段“Itsgrowinginfluencegaveitsneighborplentyofreasonstobewary.”其日益增長(zhǎng)的影響力使其鄰國(guó)有充足的理由保持警惕。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

5.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“IteventuallydefeatedBabyloniaandevenoccupiedEgypt.”它最終打敗了巴比倫王國(guó)，甚至占領(lǐng)了埃及。選項(xiàng)C正確。

11.單選題

ASurveyhasfoundthatthreequartersofmenquiteenjoytheirfoodshoppingexperienceandarehappyto______theirwayaroundtheaislessearchingoutproducts.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.drive

B.steer

C.navigate

D.voyage

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析與搭配。drive“推動(dòng)；駕駛；驅(qū)趕”；steer“控制；引導(dǎo)；駕駛”；navigate“操縱；導(dǎo)航；航行”；voyage“航行；渡過”。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)雖都與駕駛、航行有關(guān)，但其中只有navigate可與one’swayaround搭配。句意：一項(xiàng)調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，四分之三的男性非常享受他們的食品購物體驗(yàn)，他們很樂意推車購物車來回尋找商品。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

12.單選題

Thecorporationexpectsonly（）increasesinsalesnextyeardespiteayearlongefforttoreviveitsretailingbusiness.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.modest

B.predictable

C.dynamic

D.expanding

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)modest“適度的，謙虛的”；B選項(xiàng)predictable“可預(yù)言的”；C選項(xiàng)dynamic“動(dòng)態(tài)的，動(dòng)力的，有活力的”；D選項(xiàng)expanding“擴(kuò)大的，擴(kuò)展的”。句意：盡管用過去一年的時(shí)間去努力恢復(fù)零售市場(chǎng)，但是公司僅僅期盼業(yè)績(jī)（）增長(zhǎng)即可。題干中的despite表轉(zhuǎn)折，因此空格所填單詞應(yīng)該與despite所引導(dǎo)的句子產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果相反，正常情況下，付出了努力必然期盼有回報(bào)，所以這里應(yīng)填與increase意思相反的詞匯。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Thefathercan’tevendisciplinehimself,______agoodexampletohischildren.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.muchmoretoset

B.muchlesssetting

C.muchlesstoset

D.stillmoresetting

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)muchmore“更加；多得多”，后面接形容詞；B選項(xiàng)muchlessdoing“更不用說”，后面可跟名詞、代詞和從句；C選項(xiàng)muchlesstodo非固定搭配；D選項(xiàng)stillmore“更加”。句意：這位父親甚至不能約束自己，______給他的孩子做個(gè)好榜樣了。根據(jù)語境，這里指不能約束自己，就更加不能做個(gè)好榜樣了，B選項(xiàng)muchlessdoing“更不用說”符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Inthe1930s,whenmillionsofcomicbookswere___