考研考博-英語-廣東財貿(mào)職業(yè)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廣東財貿(mào)職業(yè)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Sleepisafunnything.We’retaughtthatweshouldgetsevenoreighthoursanight,butalotofusgetbyjustfineonless,andsomeofusactuallysleeptoomuch.AstudyoutoftheUniversityofBuffaloreportedthatpeoplewhoroutinelysleepmorethaneighthoursadayandarestilltiredarenearlythreetimesaslikelytodieofstroke—probablyasaresultofanunderlyingdisorderthatkeepsthemfromsnoozingsoundly.

Doctorshavetheirownspecialsleepproblems.Residentsarefamouslysleepdeprived.WhenIwastrainingtobecomeaneurosurgeon,itwasnotunusualtowork40hoursinarowwithoutrest.Mostofustookitinstride,confidentwecouldstilldeliverthehighestqualityofmedicalcare.Maybeweshouldn’thavebeensosureofourselves.AnarticleintheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociationpointsoutthatinthemorningafter24hoursofsleeplessness,aperson’smotorperformanceiscomparabletothatofsomeonewhoislegallyintoxicated.Curiously,surgeonswhobelievethatoperatingundertheinfluenceisgroundsfordismissaloftendon’tthinktwiceaboutoperatingwithoutenoughsleep.

“Icouldtellyouhorrorstories,”saysJayaAgrawal,presidentoftheAmericanMedicalStudentAssociation,whichrunsawebsitewhereresidentscanpostanonymousanecdotes.Someareterrifying.“Iwasoperatingafterbeingupforover36hours,”onewrites.“Iliterallyfellasleepstandingupandnearlyfaceplantedintothewound.”

“PracticallyeverysurgicalresidentIknowhasfallenasleepatthewheeldrivinghomefromwork,”writesanother.“Iknowofthreewhohavehitparkedcars.Anotherhita‘Jerseybarrier’ontheNewJerseyTurnpike,going65m.p.h.”“Yourownpatientshavebecometheenemy,”writesathird,becausetheyare“theonethingthatstandsbetweenyouandafewhoursofsleep.”

Agrawal’sorganizationissupportingthePatientandPhysicianSafetyandProtectionActof2001,introducedlastNovemberbyRepresentativeJohnConyersJr.ofMichigan.Itskeyprovisions,modeledonNewYorkState’sregulations,includean80-hourworkweekanda24-hourwork-shiftlimit.Mostdoctors,however,resistsuchinterference.Dr.CharlesBinkley,aseniorsurgeryresidentattheUniversityofMichigan,agreesthatsomethingneedstobedonebutbelieves“doctorsshouldbeboundbytheirconscience,notbythegovernment.”

TheU.S.controlsthehoursofpilotsandtruckdrivers.Butuntilsuchasystemisinplacefordoctors,patientsareontheirown.Ifyou’reworriedaboutthepeopletreatingyouoralovedone,youshouldfeelfreetoaskhowmanyhoursofsleeptheyhavehadandifmore-restedstaffersareavailable.Doctors,fortheirpart,havetogiveuptheirposeofinfallibilityandgettheresttheyneed.

21.Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthat______.

22.Speakingofthesleepproblemsdoctorsfact,theauthorimpliesthat______.

23.Paragraph3and4arewrittento______.

24.By“doctorsshouldbeboundbytheirconscience,notbythegovernment”(paragraph5),Dr.CharlesBinkleymeansthat______.

25.Towhichofthefollowingistheauthorlikelytoagree?

問題1選項

A.peoplewhosleeplessthan8hoursadayaremorepronetoillness

B.poorsleepqualitymaybeasignofphysicaldisorder

C.strokeisoftenassociatedwithsleep

D.toomuchsleepcanbeasharmfulaslackofsleep

問題2選項

A.doctorsoftenneedlittlesleeptokeepthemenergetic

B.doctors’sleepisdeprivedbyresidents

C.doctorstendtoneglecttheirownsleepproblem

D.sleep-depriveddoctorsareintoxicate

問題3選項

A.entertaintheaudiencewithsomeanecdotes

B.discussthecauseofdoctorssleepproblems

C.showthehostilitydoctorsharboragainsttheirpatients

D.exemplifythedangerdoctorsfacecausedbylackofsleep

問題4選項

A.doctorsshouldnotabidebygovernment’sregulations

B.thegovernmentisinterferingtoomuch

C.theregulationsaboutworkweekandworkshiftaretoospecific

D.lawcannotforceadoctortosleepwhilehisconsciencecan

問題5選項

A.Patientsshouldcontrolthehoursoftheirdoctors.

B.Pilotsandtruckdriversworkinsaferenvironmentsthanthatofdoctors.

C.Patientsarefacingmorerisksiftheirdoctorsarenotadequatelyrested.

D.Peopleconcernedhavetherighttoremovetheirdoctorfromtheirpositions.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】21.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段最后一句probablyasaresultofanunderlyingdisorderthatkeepsthemfromsnoozingsoundly.（這可能是一種潛在的紊亂導(dǎo)致他們無法熟睡的結(jié)果。），說明潛在的紊亂可能導(dǎo)致人們睡眠質(zhì)量不高，雖然睡眠時間長，但仍然感到疲憊。因此B選項“睡眠質(zhì)量差可能是身體紊亂的表現(xiàn)”正確。A選項“每天睡眠時間少于8小時的人更容易患病”，原文說的是每天睡眠時間超過8小時但仍然感到疲倦的人更容易患病，所以A選項錯誤。C選項“中風(fēng)常與睡眠有關(guān)”，D選項“睡眠時間過長與睡眠不足的危害一樣大”在文中沒有提及，所以C，D錯誤。

22.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段最后一句Curiously,surgeonswhobelievethatoperatingundertheinfluenceisgroundsfordismissaloftendon’tthinktwiceaboutoperatingwithoutenoughsleep.（令人好奇的是，那些認為醉酒做手術(shù)應(yīng)該被免職的外科醫(yī)生對于在睡眠不足的情況下做手術(shù)卻很少認真思考。），說明醫(yī)生們雖然認為醉酒做手術(shù)應(yīng)該受到嚴懲，但卻不會考慮自己在睡眠不足的情況下做手術(shù)的問題。因此C選項“醫(yī)生往往忽視自己的睡眠問題”正確。A選項“醫(yī)生需要很少的睡眠就可以保持精力充沛”在文中沒有提及，所以A錯誤。B選項“醫(yī)生的睡眠被住院醫(yī)生剝奪了”，原文說的是住院醫(yī)生以缺少睡眠而著稱，所以B錯誤。在D選項“睡眠不足的醫(yī)生是喝醉了”，原文說的是一個人如果連續(xù)24小時不睡，那么到了早晨他的運動能力就和喝醉了酒的人差不多，并不是說睡眠不足的醫(yī)生就是喝醉了，所以D錯誤。

23【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。文章第二段指出醫(yī)生睡眠不足以及醫(yī)生對此缺乏重視的問題，接著在第三、四段舉了幾個例子Iliterallyfellasleepstandingupandnearlyfaceplantedintothewound.（我差不多站著睡著了，而且我的臉幾乎碰到了傷口。），PracticallyeverysurgicalresidentIknowhasfallenasleepatthewheeldrivinghomefromwork…Iknowofthreewhohavehitparkedcars.Anotherhita‘Jerseybarrier’ontheNewJerseyTurnpike,going65m.p.h.（實際上我認識的每個外科住院醫(yī)生都曾經(jīng)有過在下班開車回家的路上在方向盤上睡著的經(jīng)歷……我聽說有三個人還曾經(jīng)撞在停放好的汽車上。另一個人在紐約收費公路上行駛時以65英里的時速撞上了一個收費站欄桿。），說明了睡眠不足的醫(yī)生可能帶來的危害。因此D選項“體現(xiàn)了醫(yī)生因睡眠不足而面臨的危險”正確。A選項“用一些趣聞軼事來娛樂讀者”，B選項“討論醫(yī)生睡眠問題的原因”，C選項“表現(xiàn)出醫(yī)生對患者的敵視態(tài)度”均不符合題意，所以A，B，C錯誤。

24.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第五段第三句Mostdoctors,however,resistsuchinterference.（不過，大多數(shù)醫(yī)生討厭這種干涉。），并進一步引用CharlesBinkley醫(yī)生的話進行論證doctorsshouldbeboundbytheirconscience,notbythegovernment.（醫(yī)生應(yīng)該受到良心的約束，而不是政府的管制。），說明CharlesBinkley也認為政府干預(yù)過多了。因此B選項“政府干涉太多”正確。A選項“醫(yī)生不應(yīng)該遵守政府的規(guī)定”，C選項“關(guān)于工作周和工作班次的規(guī)定過于具體化”，D選項“法律不能強迫醫(yī)生睡覺，而他的良心卻可以”均不符合題意，所以A，C，D錯誤。

25.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】觀點態(tài)度題。由題干可以定位到文章最后一段最后一句Doctors,fortheirpart,havetogiveuptheirposeofinfallibilityandgettheresttheyneed.（對醫(yī)生來說，他們不能繼續(xù)擺出一副從不出錯的樣子，而應(yīng)該得到充分的休息。），說明作者在最后給醫(yī)生提出建議，認為醫(yī)生應(yīng)該放棄他們決不出錯的姿態(tài)，得到充足的休息，否則病人就只能聽天由命了。因此C選項“如果醫(yī)生沒有得到充分的休息，患者將面臨更多的風(fēng)險”正確。A選項“患者應(yīng)該控制醫(yī)生的工作時間”，B選項“飛行員和卡車司機的工作環(huán)境比醫(yī)生的工作環(huán)境更安全”，D選項“有關(guān)人員有權(quán)解除醫(yī)生的職務(wù)”在文中均沒有提及，所以A，B，D錯誤。

2.翻譯題

Beingunhappyislikeaninfectiousdisease.Itcausespeopletoshrinkawayfromthesufferer.Hesoonfindshimselfalonemiserable.Thereis,however,acuresosimpleastoseem,atfirstglance,ridiculous:ifyoudon’tfeelhappy,pretendtobe!

Itworks.Beforelongyouwillfindthatinsteadofpushingpeopleaway,youattractthem.Youdiscoverhowdeeplyrewardingitistobethecenterofwiderandwidercirclesofgoodwill.

Thenthemake-believebecomesareality.Beinghappy,onceitisrealizedasadutyestablishedasahabit,opensdoorsintounimaginablegardensfilledwithgratefulfriends.

【答案】不開心就像一種傳染病。它使人們對不快樂的人敬而遠之。不快樂的人很快就會發(fā)覺自己既孤獨又悲慘，充滿怨恨。但是，有一種乍一看似乎荒謬可笑，實際卻非常簡單的治愈方法，那就是：如果你不快樂，那就假裝快樂吧!

這個辦法的確行之有效。不久你就會發(fā)現(xiàn)，你不再排斥別人，而是開始吸引他們。你會發(fā)現(xiàn)被越來越多善意的人們包圍的感覺是多么的值得！

于是，假裝的變成了真實的。一旦快樂被認為是一種責(zé)任并成為一種習(xí)慣，它就會向我們敞開一扇好友云集的通向奇妙花園的大門。

3.單選題

Aspoliticalfanatic,hehasfoughtwithrevolutionariesallovertheworld.

問題1選項

A.incumbent

B.candidate

C.zealot

D.jealousy

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項incumbent“在職者，現(xiàn)任者”，B項candidate“候選人，候補者”，C項zealot“狂熱者，猶太教狂熱信徒”，D項jealousy“嫉妒，猜忌”。句意：作為一個政治狂熱分子，他曾與世界各地的革命者斗爭過。根據(jù)句意可知，fanatic在句中表示“狂熱分子”。因此，該題選擇C項。

4.單選題

Hewasangrywithhimselfforhavingfallena（）tohiswife’sfoolishtalk.

問題1選項

A.target

B.obscure

C.sacrifice

D.ambiguous

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。fallasacrificeto表示“成為……的犧牲品”。句意：他生自己的氣，因為他成為他妻子愚蠢話的犧牲品。結(jié)合語境，故C為正確答案。

5.不定項選擇題

Inthecollege-admissionswars,weparentsarethetruegladiators.We’repushingourkidstogetgoodgrades,takeSATprepcoursesandbuildresumessotheycangetintothecollegeofourfirstchoice.Wesayourmotivesareselflessandsensible.AdegreefromStanfordorPrincetonistheticketforlife.IfAaronandNicoledon’tgetin,they’reforeverdoomed.Gosh,we’redelusional.

I’vetwicebeentothewars,andasIsurveythebattlefield,somethingdifferentishappening.It’sone-upmanshipamongparents.Weseeourkids’collegepedigreesastrophiesattestingtohowwell-orhowpoorly-we’veraisedthem.Butwecan’tacknowledgethatourobsessionismoreaboutusthanthem.Sowe’vecontrivedvariousjustificationsthatturnouttobehalf-truths,prejudicesormyths.Itactuallydoesn’tmattermuchwhetherAaronandNicolegotoStanford.

Admissionsanxietyafflictsonlyaminorityofparents.It’struethatgettingintocollegehasgenerallybecometougherbecausethenumberofhighschoolgraduateshasgrown.From1994to2006,theincreaseis2.8percent.Still,64percentoffreshmenattendschoolswhereacceptanceratesexceed70percent,andtheapplicationsurgeateliteschoolsdwarfspopulationgrowth.

Wehaveafull-blownprestigepanic;weworrythattherewon’tbeenoughtrophiestogoaround.Fearfulparentsprodtheirchildrentoapplytomoreschoolsthanever.“Theepicentersofparentalanxietyusedtobeonthecoasts:Boston,NewYork,Washington,LosAngeles,saysTomParker,Amherst’sadmissionsdean.“Butit’sradiatedthroughoutthecountry.”

Underlyingthehysteriaisthebeliefthatscarceelitedegreesmustbehighlyvaluable.Theirgraduatesmustenjoymoresuccessbecausetheygetabettereducationanddevelopbettercontacts.Allthat’splausible-andmostlywrong.“Wehaven’tfoundanyconvincingevidencethatselectivityorprestigematters,”saysErnestT.PascarellaoftheUniversityofIowa,co-authorofHowCollegeAffectsStudents,an827evaluationofhundredsofstudiesofthecollegeexperience.Selectiveschoolsdon’tsystematicallyemploybetterinstructionalapproachesthanless-selectiveschools,accordingtoastudybyPascarellaandGeorgeKuhofIndianaUniversity.Somedo;somedon’t.Ontwomeasures-professors’feedbackandthenumberofessayexams-selectiveschoolsdoslightlyworse.

Bysomestudies,selectiveschoolsdoenhancetheirgraduates’lifetimeearnings.Thegainisreckonedat2percentto4percentforevery100-pointincreaseinaschool’saverageSATscores.Buteventhisadvantageisprobablyastatisticalfluke.Awell-knownstudybyPrincetoneconomistAlanKruegerandStacyBergDaleofMathematicaPolicyResearchexaminedstudentswhogotintohighlyselectiveschoolsandthenwentelsewhere.Theyearnedjustasmuchasgraduatesfromhigher-statusschools.

Kidscountmorethantheircolleges.GettingintoYalemaysignifyintelligence,talentandambition.Butit’snottheonlyindicatorand,paradoxically,itssignificanceisdeclining.Thereason:somanysimilarpeoplegoelsewhere.Gettingintocollegeisn’tlife’sonlycompetition.Inthenextcompetition—thejobmarket,graduateschool—theresultsmaychange.Old-boynetworksarebreakingdown.KruegerstudiedadmissionstoonelopPh.D.program.HighscoresontheGraduateRecordExamhelpedexplainwhogotin;IvyLeaguedegreesdidn’t.

So,parents,lightenup.Thestakeshavebeenvastlyexaggerated.Uptoapoint,wecanrationalizeourpushiness.Americaisacompetitivesociety;ourkidsneedtoadjusttothat.Buttoomuchpushinesscanbedestructive.TheveryambitionweimposeonourchildrenmaygetsomeintoHarvardbutmayalsosetthemupfordisappointment.Onestudyofstudents20yearsoutfoundthat,otherthingsbeingequal,graduatesofhighlyselectiveschoolsexperiencedmorejobdissatisfaction.Theymayhavebeensoconditionedtobeingontopthatanythinglessdisappoints.

Whatfiresparents’fanaticismistheirself-servingdesiretoannouncetheirownsuccess?ManySuccumb;Ididn’tlocatedmyidealschoolformydaughter.Shegotinandwentelsewhere.Takethat,Dad.Ilocatedtheidealschoolformyson.Heck,hewouldn’tevenvisittheplace.Pow,Dad.Theybothlovetheirschoolsandseemamplystimulated.FoolishDad.

6.Theword“gladiators”inthefirstparagraphprobablymeans（）

7.Theauthor’sattitudetotheparents’claim“ourmotivesareselflessandsensible”isoneof（）

8.Itcanbeinferredfromthefourthparagraphthat（）

9.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutselectiveschoolsisTRUE?

10.Theauthorsuggeststhatparentsnotimposetheirambitionontheirchildrenbecause（）

問題1選項

A.colossus

B.commanders.

C.warriors.

D.gluttons.

問題2選項

A.antipathy.

B.apathy.

C.ambivalence.

D.dissent.

問題3選項

A.Americanyouthhavefewerchoicesbuttogotoeliteschools.

B.thecompetitionforeliteschoolsisfiercerintheUnitedStates.

C.theparentsshouldnotputtoomuchpressureontheirchildren.

D.thechildren’sfuturewillbebleakwithoutgoingtoeliteschools.

問題4選項

A.Selectiveschoolsofferbetterinstructionalapproachestotheirstudents.

B.Therearemoreassayexamsinselectiveschoolsthanotherschools.

C.Theirnewteachingmethodssecuretheirgraduates’highsalaries.

D.Theydon’toutperformotherschoolsintermsofprofessors’feedback.

問題5選項

A.toomuchpressuremightleadtounsatisfactoryresults.

B.theirownambitionshouldn’tberealizedbytheirchildren.

C.theirchildrenmightpracticejob-hoppingfrequently.

D.theirchildrenmightnotsharesimilarinterestswiththem.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】6.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】詞義推測題。由題干可以定位到原文第一段第一句Inthecollege-admissionswars,weparentsarethetruegladiators.（在大學(xué)入學(xué)的戰(zhàn)爭中，我們父母是真正的角斗士）。C選項“戰(zhàn)士”與“角斗士”的意思相近，因此C選項正確。A選項“巨人”，不符合文章內(nèi)容。B選項“指揮官”，不符合文章內(nèi)容。選項D“貪吃的人”不符合詞義，可排除。因此C選項正確。

7.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】觀點態(tài)度題。由題干可以定位到原文第一段倒數(shù)第三句Wesayourmotivesareselflessandsensible.（我們說我們的動機是無私和理智的。）D選項“不同意的”正確，根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可推測，父母宣稱是無私的和明智的是虛假的，因此作者不同意這個觀點。A選項“反感的”，可排除。B選項“冷漠的”，作者態(tài)度并不是冷漠的，可排除。C選項“矛盾”，不符合文章內(nèi)容，可排除。因此D選項正確。

8.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】主旨大意題。由題干可以定位到原文第四段（我們有一種全面的威望恐慌；我們擔(dān)心沒有足夠的獎杯?？謶值母改复叽偎麄兊暮⒆由暾埍纫酝嗟膶W(xué)校。阿默斯特學(xué)院招生主任湯姆?帕克（TomParker）說，過去，父母焦慮的中心集中在沿海地區(qū)：波士頓、紐約、華盛頓和洛杉磯）。選項C“父母不應(yīng)該給孩子太多的壓力”，文中所說父母催促孩子申請比以往更多的學(xué)校，因此可推測，父母給孩子的壓力過大，C選項正確。選項A“美國年輕人的選擇很少，只能去精英學(xué)校”，不符合文章內(nèi)容，可排除。選項B“在美國，精英學(xué)校的競爭更加激烈”，不符合文章內(nèi)容，可排除，選項D“如果不上精英學(xué)校，孩子們的未來將是暗淡的”，沒有必然的關(guān)系。因此C選項正確。

9.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到原文第六段中最后一句Theyearnedjustasmuchasgraduatesfromhigher-statusschools.（他們掙的錢和那些地位較高的學(xué)校的畢業(yè)生一樣多）。D選項“在教授反饋方面，他們的表現(xiàn)并不優(yōu)于其他學(xué)?！?，由掙錢這一點反映，他們的表現(xiàn)并不優(yōu)于其他學(xué)校，D選項正確。A選項“重點學(xué)校為學(xué)生提供更好的教學(xué)方法。”文章第五段提到“名校并不比非名校系統(tǒng)地采用更好的教學(xué)方法”，因此A選項可排除。B選項“重點學(xué)校的考試比其他學(xué)校多?！钡谖宥巫詈笠痪涮岬健敖淌诘姆答伜驼撐目荚嚨臄?shù)量——重點學(xué)校的表現(xiàn)略差”，B選項可排除。C選項“他們的新教學(xué)方法確保了畢業(yè)生的高薪”，文中第六段提到“他們掙的錢和那些地位較高的學(xué)校的畢業(yè)生一樣多”，因此C選項可排除。因此D選項正確。

10.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】作者意圖題。由題干可以定位到原文倒數(shù)第二段TheveryambitionweimposeonourchildrenmaygetsomeintoHarvardbutmayalsosetthemupfordisappointment.（我們強加給孩子們的雄心壯志可能會讓一些孩子進入哈佛，但也可能會讓他們失望）。由此可知選項A“太多的壓力可能會導(dǎo)致不滿意的結(jié)果”，符合文章內(nèi)容，A選項正確。B選項“他們自己的抱負不應(yīng)該由他們的孩子來實現(xiàn)”，文章沒有提到父母的抱負讓孩子實現(xiàn)，B選項可排除。C選項“他們的孩子可能經(jīng)常跳槽”，文章沒有提到此內(nèi)容，可排除。D選項“他們的孩子可能和他們沒有共同的興趣愛好”，文章沒有提到此內(nèi)容，可排除。因此A選項正確。

6.翻譯題

Thedimensionsoftourismareastonishing.In2012，theU.N.tourismorganizationcelebratedreaching1billioninternationaltripsinasingleyear.Ingrosseconomicpoweritisinthesamecompanyasoil,energy,financeandagriculture.Atleastoneoutofeverytenpeoplearoundtheworldisemployedbytheindustry,accordingtoWolfgangWeinzoftheInternationalLabourOrganization.

Travelhasalsobecomeadefaultfund-raisingtechnique.（1）Todaypoornationsseetourismastheirbestbetoutofpoverty，secondonlytooilandenergyasthemajorengineofdevelopment.Thailandistheworld’sbiggestexporterofrice,yetitstourismisitsnum-ber-onemoneyearner.CostaRicahasturneditswildernessintoavenueforhighlyprofita-bleecotcurism.AssoonasSriLanka,andnowBurma，beganseeinganendtoconflict,theyopenedthedoortoarushoftourists.AftertheArabSpringuprising,Egyptsentoutapleatocruisecompaniesandtouroperatorstoreturnandkick-starttheeconomy

（2）TheU.N.tourismorganizationnowplacespovertyreductionasoneofitstopob-jectives，alongwiththehigh-mindedidealsofimprovinginternationalpeaceandprosperi-ty.SincetheendoftheColdWarandtheopeningoftheworldfortravel，tourismhasbe-comeanimportantsourceofforeignexchangefortheworld’spoorestnations,oftentheonlyone.Whiletourismrequiressomeinfrastructure,fromairfieldstomodernhigh-ways.Itislessexpensivethanbuildingfactories.Intheory,poorcountriesshouldbeabletousethenewrevenuefromthetourismindustrytopayfortheinfrastructurewhileraisingstandardsoflivingandimprovingtheenvironment.Onehundredoftheworld’spoorestna-tionsdoearnupto5percentoftheirgrossnationalproductfromforeigntouristswhomar-velattheirexoticcustoms，buysuitcasesofsouvenirsandtakeinnumerablephotographsofstunninglandscapes.

（3）Butjustastourismiscapableofliftinganationoutofpoverty，itisjustaslikelytopollutetheenvironment，reducestandardsoflivingforthepoorbecausetheprofitsgotointernationalhotelchainsandcorruptlocalelites，andcatertotheworstoftourism,in-cludingcondemningchildrentheexploitationofsextourism.Likeanymajorindustry,tourismhasaseriousdownside,especiallysincetourismandtravelisunderestimatedasaglobalpowerhouse，itsstudyandregulationisspottyatbest.（4）Tourism

isoneofthosedouble-edgedswordsthatmaylooklikeaneasywaytoearndesperatelyneededmoneybutcanravagewildernessareasandunderminenativeculturestofitintopackagetours:afifteen-minutesnippetofaballetperformedinSouthernIndia；nativehandicraftsrefashionedtofitoversizetour-ists.Whatisknownisthattourismandtravelisresponsiblefor5.3percentoftheworld’scarbonemissionsandthedegradationofnearlyeverytropicalbeachintheworld.

Tomakewayformoreresortswithspectacularviews，developersdestroynativehabi-tatsandignorelocalconcerns.（5）Preservationistsdecrythegrowingpropensitytobulldozeoldhotelsandbuildingsinfavorofconstructingnewresorts，waterholesandentertain-mentspotsthatlookidenticalwhetherinSingapore，DubaiorJohannesburg，aworldwherediversityisreplacedwithhomogeneity.Anothercatastropheforcountriesbettingontourismhascomefromwealthyvacationerswhofallinlovewithacountryandbuysomanysecondhousesthatlocalscannolongeraffordtoliveintheirowntownsandvillages.

【答案】（1）現(xiàn)今的貧窮國家將旅游業(yè)視為擺脫貧困的最佳方法，僅次于石油和能源這兩個重要的發(fā)展引擎。

（2）聯(lián)合國旅游組織現(xiàn)在將扶貧和增進國際和平與繁榮的高尚理想一起作為其首要目標之一。

（3）但是，正如旅游業(yè)能幫助一個國家擺脫貧困，它同樣有可能污染環(huán)境、降低貧困人群的生活標準。造成這種現(xiàn)象的原因是旅游業(yè)的收益都流向了國際連鎖酒店，并使當?shù)氐恼茩?quán)人物腐化墮落。

（4）旅游業(yè)是眾多雙刃劍之一。旅游業(yè)看起來像是一種賺取急用錢的簡單方法，但它也能破壞野生地區(qū)，弱化本土文化以適應(yīng)旅游團體。

（5）為了建造新的度假勝地、酒吧和娛樂場所，老酒店和老建筑都被推倒。無論是在新加坡、迪拜或約翰內(nèi)斯堡，這些新建的景區(qū)、建筑看起來都完全一樣。保護主義者對這種日益嚴重的趨勢加以譴責(zé)。

7.單選題

Toeverybody’ssurprise,therefereetooka（

）viewofthefoulanddidnotpunishtheplayeratall.

問題1選項

A.lenient

B.divergent

C.dim

D.cautious

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。lenient寬大的，仁慈的；divergent有分歧的；dim暗淡的，昏暗的；cautious小心的，謹慎的。句意：讓所有人出乎意料的是，裁判員對這次犯規(guī)采取了寬容的態(tài)度，一點也沒有懲罰參賽選手。由didnotpunishtheplayeratall可知裁判采取了寬容的態(tài)度。A項正確。答案A

8.問答題

Biologically,thereisonlyonequalitywhichdistinguishesusfromanimals:theabilitytolaughs.Inauniversewhichappearstobeutterlydevoid（1）humor,weenjoythissupremeluxury.Anditisaluxury,forunlikeanyotherbodilyprocess,laughterdoesnotseemtoserveabiologicallyusefulpurpose.Inadivideworld,laughterisaunifyingforce.Humanbeingsopposeeachotheronagreatmanyissues.Nationsmaydisagreeaboutsystemsofgovernmentandhumanrelationsmaybeplaguedbyideologicalfactionsandpoliticalcamps,butweallsharetheabilitytolaugh.Andlaughter,

（2）

turn,dependsonthatmostcomplexandsubtleofallhumanqualities:asenseofhumor.Certaincomicstereotypeshaveuniversalappeal.Thiscanbestbeseenfromtheworld-widepopularityofCharlieChaplin’searlyfilms.

Thelittleman

（3）

oddswithsocietyneverfailstoamusenomatterwhichcountrywecomefrom.Asthatgreatcommentatoronhumanaffairs,Dr.SamuelJohnson,onceremarked,“Menhavebeenwiseinverydifferentmodes;buttheyhavealwayslaughed

（4）

thesameway.”

Asenseofhumormaytakevariousformsandlaughtermaybeanythingfromarefinedtingle

（5）

anearthquakingroar,buttheeffectisalwaysthesame.Humorhelpsustomaintainacorrectsenseofvalues.Itistheonequalitywhichpoliticalfanaticsappeartolack.Ifwecanseethefunnyside,wenevermakethemistakeoftakingourselvestooseriously.Wearealwaysremindedthattragedyisnotreallyfarremoved

（6）

comedy.Soweneverget&lopsidedviewofthings.

Thisisoneofthechieffunctionsofsatireandirony.Humanpainandsufferingaresogrim;wehoversooften

（7）

thebrinkofwar,politicalrealitiesareusuallyenoughtoplungeusintototaldespair.Insuchcircumstances,cartoonsandsatiricalaccountsofsomberpoliticaleventsredressthebalance.Theytakethewindoutofpompousandarrogantpoliticianswhohavelosttheirsense

（

8）

proportion.Theyenableustoseethatmanyofourmostprofoundactionsaremerelycomicorabsurd.WelaughwhenagreatsatiristlikeSwiftwritesaboutwarinGulliver’sTravels.TheLilliputiansandtheirneighborsattackeachotherbecausetheycan’tagreewhichendtobreakanegg.Welaughbecausewemeanttolaugh;butwearemeanttoweeptoo.Itistoopowerfulaweapontobeallowedtoflourish.

Thesenseofhumormustbesingled

（9）

asman’smostimportantqualitybecauseitisassociatedwithlaughter.Andlaughter,inturn,isassociatedwithhappiness.Courage,determination,initiative—thesearequalitiesweshare

（10）

otherformsoflife.Butthesenseofhumorisuniquelyhuman.Ifhappinessisoneofthegreatgoalsoflife,thenitisthesenseofhumorthatprovidesthekey.

Fillineachblankinthearticlewithanappropriatepreposition(介詞).

Readthearticlecarefullyandexplainthemeaningofthewordsaccordingtothecontext.

devoid(inparagraph1)

plague(inparagraph1)

stereotype(inparagraph1)

fanatic(inparagraph3)

satire(inparagraph4)

somber(inparagraph4)

redress(inparagraph4)

absurd(inparagraph4)

weep(inparagraph4)

initiative(inparagraph5)

【答案】1.考查介詞搭配。由文章第一句可知我們與動物的區(qū)別在于我們有笑的能力，因此后面要表達的是沒有幽默感，與前面相對應(yīng)。devoidof意為“缺乏，缺少”。

試題答案：of

2.考查介詞搭配。inturn意為“反過來”。

試題答案：in

3.考查介詞搭配。atoddswithsociety意為“與社會格格不入”。

試題答案：at

4.考查介詞搭配。inthesameway意為“同樣地”。

試題答案：in

5.考查介詞搭配。from...to意為“從……到……”。此句意為：幽默感有各種表現(xiàn)形式，笑可以是從微笑到狂笑，但它的效果是一樣的。

試題答案：to

6.考查介詞搭配。farremovedfrom意為“與……相差太遠”。此句意為：我們總是被提醒，悲劇并沒有真正遠離喜劇。

試題答案：from

7.考查介詞搭配。onthebrinkof意為“瀕于，瀕臨”。

試題答案：on

8.考查介詞搭配。senseof意為“……的感覺”

試題答案：of

9.考查介詞搭配。根據(jù)后面的“Butthesenseofhumorisuniquelyhuman（但幽默感是人類特有的）”可知此處表示幽默感最為人類最重要的一個品質(zhì)，應(yīng)該被單獨提出來。besignedout意為“被單獨提出來”。

試題答案：out

10.考查介詞搭配。sharewith意為“與……分享，共用”。此句意為：勇氣、決心、主動性—這些是我們與其他生命形式共同擁有的品質(zhì)。

試題答案：with

1.試題答案：缺乏的

2.試題答案：給……造成困擾，折磨

3.試題答案：模式，刻板印象

4.試題答案：極端分子，狂熱者

5.試題答案：諷刺

6.試題答案：低沉的，陰暗的

7.試題答案：補償

8.試題答案：荒謬的

9.試題答案：哭泣

10.試題答案：創(chuàng)造性，主動性

9.單選題

“ShallItellAnnhowtoimproveherpainting?”

“Yes，but（）ofsuggestionsmaydiscourageher.”

問題1選項

A.alisttoolong

B.toolongalist

C.atoolonglist

D.alistoftoolong

【答案】B

【解析】考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)。因為空格后面緊跟的ofsuggestions“……的建議”，所以名詞list要放在詞組最后，即listofsuggestions，因此可以排除A，D選項。too+adj.作定語修飾名詞，而放在名詞前語序為：too+adj.+（限定詞）+noun。或者將其放在名詞后語序是：（限定詞）+noun+too+adj，所以C選項的語序不對，可排除。句意：我要告訴安如何改進她的畫嗎？可以，但是太多的建議可能會讓她氣餒。因此B選項符合題意。

10.單選題

Themanagertriedtowaveasidetheseissuesas______detailsthatwouldbesettledlater.

問題1選項

A.versatile

B.trivial

C.preliminary

D.alternate

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.versatile多才多藝的，有多種技能的B.trivial不重要的，瑣碎的

C.preliminary預(yù)備性的，初步的D.alternate交替的，輪流的

【答案】B

【考查點】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處填入一個形容詞修飾details（細節(jié)），而后面的that引導(dǎo)的定語從句也是修飾details，根據(jù)從句內(nèi)容“以后再解決這些事”可推測，______details是“不重要的小事”，所以該題選擇B項。

【干擾項排除】A、C、D項不符合句意。

【句意】經(jīng)理試圖對這些問題置之不理，認為這些都是雞毛蒜皮的小事，以后再解決。

11.翻譯題

正是