考研考博-英語-廣東技術(shù)師范大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廣東技術(shù)師范大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

YouandIagreetomeetatfour-thirty,Ishowupat4:33.Idon’tsayanything,becausethat’scloseenoughtosatisfyoursocialcontract.Onlyafterfiveminutesdoyouexpectmetosay,“Sorry,I’mlate.”AttenminutesIoweyouanexplanation,“Thefreewayexitwasclosed.Ihadtogofourmilesoutofmyway.”AftertwentyminutesIhavetomakeafullandseriousapology.AfterfortyminutesI’dbetternotshowupatall.

Thatsortofthing—formallyobservedandneverexplicitlystated—drivespeoplefromotherculturescrazy.Anthropologistslistthetoughestthingstocopewithinaforeignland.Secondonlytolanguageisthewaywedealwithtime.

Nowpsychologistslookatourviewoftimeanotherway.Theygointoseveralcountriesandmeasurethepaceoflife.Theymeasuretheaccuracyofbankclocksandhowfastcitydwellerswalk.Theytimetransactionsinbanksandpostoffices.Theyseehowlongpeoplelaketoanswerquestions.

Japanesekeepthefastestpace.Americansareaclosesecond.ItaliansandIndonesiansareatthebottomofthelist.Italiansgivelonganswerstoyourquestions.Indonesiansdon’tgiveafigaboutstingtheirbankclocks.AmongAmericancities,BostonandKansasCityarefastest.NewYorkisupthere,ofcourse,butwekeepafasterpacehereinHouston.California’s“l(fā)aidback”reputationisdeserved.TheslowestpaceofalliskeptinLosAngeles.

Finally,welookatheartdisease.That’stricky,becauseotherfactorsareinvolved.Ourheart’sgreatestenemyistobacco.Butheartdiseasealsocorrelateswiththepacewekeep.Smokerswhodrivethemselvesarereallyaskingforit.

Nowit’s4:55.I’mstrolling,unhurriedtowardour4:30meeting.I’mthinkingsomethingaboutIsaacWatts,theEnglishpoet,wrote:

Time,whatanemptyvapouritis;

Anddayshowswifttheyare!

SwiftasanIndianarrowflies,

Orlikeashootingstar.

Thattensionsoaksthroughourviewoftime.Canweseetimeasanemptyvapor?Ordoourtechnologiesdefinetimeandbindustoin?Inatechnology-denseworld,wetoooftenlettimeturnintoanIndianarrow—oneaimedatourheart.

Sotheclockticks,andweask:Istimeanarrowwemustdodgeorvaporwecanignore?Ifwe’resmart,welivebytheclockonlywhenwehaveto.Otherwise,wesitbackandplay.Weknowhowtolettinebeonlyvapor,afterall.

1.InAmericayouhavetoapologizesincerelyifyouare________.

2.Weknowfromthepassagethat________.

3.IntheUnitedStates,thepaceoflifeisquiterelaxedin________.

4.Whichsentencecorrectlyrestates“Smokerswhodrivethemselvesarereallyrallyaskingforit”?

5.Whattheauthorwantstotellusisthat________.

問題1選項

A.5minuteslate

B.20minuteslate

C.40minuteslate

D.10minuteslate

問題2選項

A.Indonesiansdonotmeasuretheaccuracyofbankclocks

B.Japanesekeepafairlyfastpace

C.thepaceoflifeinAmericaisthefastest

D.Italianslaketheirtimeindoingthings

問題3選項

A.California

B.Houston

C.LosAngeles

D.NewYork

問題4選項

A.Smokersshouldnotdrivecarsbecausetheygetintoaccidentseasily.

B.Smokerswhohaveheartdiseaseshouldnotdrivethemselves.

C.Smokerswhoworktoohardwillsoonfindthemselvesdownwithhearttrouble.

D.Smokerswhodrivetheirowncarsarereallyaskingfortrouble.

問題5選項

A.peoplewithhearttroubleshouldnotsmoke

B.timeisdangerousinthatitislikeanarrowaimedatourhearts

C.livingbytheclockinourtechnology-denseworldcouldbefatal

D.weshouldavoidhavingeverymomentofourliferuledbytheclock

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第一段AftertwentyminutesIhavetomakeafullandseriousapology.AfterfortyminutesI’dbetternotshowupatall.（在遲到20分鐘后，我必須真誠道歉。在遲到40分鐘后，我最好不露面。），所以B選項“遲到20分鐘”正確。A選項“遲到5分鐘”對應(yīng)文章第一段，此處提到在遲到五分鐘后，我應(yīng)該說“對不起，我來遲了”，與題干不符，屬于出處錯位；C選項“遲到40分鐘”對應(yīng)第二段“遲到40分鐘后，我最好不露面”，與題干意思不符，屬于出處錯位；D選項“遲到10分鐘”對應(yīng)第二段“在遲到10分鐘后，我欠你一個解釋”，與題干意思不符，屬于出處錯位。因此B選項正確。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第四段Japanesekeepthefastestpace.Americansareaclosesecond.ItaliansandIndonesiansareatthebottomofthelist.Italiansgivelonganswerstoyourquestions.Indonesiansdon’tgiveafigaboutsettingtheirbankclocks.（日本人回答問題的速度最快。美國人緊隨其后。意大利人和印尼人排在最后。意大利人對你的問題回答很長。印尼人對設(shè)置銀行時鐘毫不在意。），由日本人回答問題的速度可推斷出日本人的生活節(jié)奏很快，所以B選項“日本人的節(jié)奏相當(dāng)快”正確。A選項“印度尼西亞人不會測量銀行時鐘的準(zhǔn)確性”說法錯誤，此處只提到印度尼西亞人對銀行設(shè)置的時鐘不理會，并沒有提到時鐘的準(zhǔn)確性測量，屬于曲解原文；C選項“美國的生活節(jié)奏是最快的”說法錯誤，此處說到日本的生活節(jié)奏最快，美國第二，屬于反向干擾；D選項“意大利人做事很費時”說法錯誤，此處只提到意大利人在銀行回答問題的答案很長，并不意味著他們做所有的事情都費時，屬于曲解原文。因此B選項正確。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第四段AmongAmericancities,BostonandKansasCityarefastest.NewYorkisupthere,ofcourse,butwekeepafasterpacehereinHouston.California’s“l(fā)aid-back”reputationisdeserved.TheslowestpaceofalliskeptinLosAngeles.（在美國城市中，波士頓和堪薩斯城的生活節(jié)奏是最快的。當(dāng)然，紐約在這方面一直領(lǐng)先，但休斯敦的節(jié)奏比紐約更快。加利福利亞“悠閑”的名聲當(dāng)之無愧。最慢的是洛杉磯。），由此可知洛杉磯是美國生活節(jié)奏最輕松的，所以C選項“洛杉磯”正確。A選項“加利福利亞”，雖然此處提到了加利福利亞的生活很輕松，但不是最輕松的，故不選，屬于出處錯位；B選項“休斯頓”，此處說到紐約的生活節(jié)奏一直很快，休斯頓比紐約更快一點，而題干中問的是生活最輕松的地方，故B選項和D選項“紐約”都不選，屬于反向干擾。因此C選項正確。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第五段Finally,welookatheartdisease.That’stricky,becauseotherfactorsareinvolved.Ourheart’sgreatestenemyistobacco.Butheartdiseasealsocorrelateswiththepacewekeep.Smokerswhodrivethemselvesarereallyaskingforit.（最后，我們來看看心臟病。這很棘手，因為還涉及到其他因素。我們心中最大的敵人是煙草。但心臟病也與我們保持的節(jié)奏有關(guān)。自己開車的吸煙者真的是自找麻煩），由此可推斷出患有心臟病的吸煙者不應(yīng)該自己開車，所以B選項“患有心臟病的吸煙者不應(yīng)該自己開車”正確。A選項“吸煙者不應(yīng)該開車，因為他們很容易出事故”和D選項“自己開車的煙民真是自找麻煩”此處都有提到，但是吸煙者開車并不會有什么危險，除非他患有心臟病，A、D選項都沒有體現(xiàn)這一點，屬于曲解原文；C選項“努力工作的吸煙者很快就會發(fā)現(xiàn)自己患有心臟病”文章并沒有明確提到，屬于無中生有。因此B選項正確。

5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章最后兩段尤其最后一段的第二句Ifwe’resmart,welivebytheclockonlywhenwehaveto.（如果我們夠聰明，我們只會在必要的時候按時間行事。），結(jié)合文章可知作者把時間比喻成蒸汽和指向我們心臟的利箭，但其實患心臟病也與生活節(jié)奏有關(guān)，所以可以推斷作者認(rèn)為生活節(jié)奏快對身體健康是不利的，我們的生活不應(yīng)該完全受時間掌控，所以D選項“我們應(yīng)該避免讓時鐘主宰我們生活的每一刻”正確。A選項“患有心臟病的人不應(yīng)該吸煙”對應(yīng)文章五段，文章只在該段提到了吸煙對心臟病有消極作用，但作者還提到了生活節(jié)奏太快也會導(dǎo)致心臟病發(fā)作，且全文都與生活節(jié)奏相關(guān)，所以A選項不足以概括作者的意圖，屬于以偏概全；B選項“時間是危險的，因為它就像一支指向我們心靈的箭”對應(yīng)文章倒數(shù)第二段，此處提到我們的技術(shù)定義了我們對時間的看法，它可以是一把利箭，我們也可以把它當(dāng)蒸汽，這都取決于人們自己的選擇，屬于以偏概全；C選項“在我們這個技術(shù)密集的世界里，按時鐘生活可能是致命的”對應(yīng)倒數(shù)第二段的最后一句，雖然該選項說法無誤，但是不足以概括作者的意圖，屬于以偏概全。因此D選項正確。

2.翻譯題

Directions:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

CloningandFinancialCrisisRecently,anearlydecadeoldpaperontheeconomiceffectsofhumancloningbyaFrencheconomicsprofessorhasbeengettingsomeattention.(46)Thepaperarguesthatratherthananarmyoflow-levelclonedworkersorfightersasispredictedinHuxley’sBraveNewWorldorStarWars,cloningwillleadtomoreandmorehigherskilledworkers.That’sbecausethereturnsofcloningpeoplewhocanmakealotofmoneywillbehigherthancloningaverageJoes.Andwhenitcomestocloning,we’reinitforthemoney,justlikeeverythingelse.What’smore,itwillprobablybeonlytherichwhowillbeabletoaffordtoclonethemselvesatthestart.

Theresult,atleastatfirst,willbearapidriseinouralreadydisturbinglevelsofincomeinequality.Cloneswillearnmoreandmoremoney,andthoseofuswhoreproducetheoldfashionwaywilllikelyhavepoorerandpooreroffspring.(47)Recently,BarbaraKiviatwrotetwoessaysonhowincomeinequalitywasamajorcontributortothefinancialcrisis.Soyoudothemath.Ifcloningleadstoincomeinequalityandincomeinequalityleadstofinancialcrises,thenwe’vegotaproblem.Here’swhy:

(48)Oneoftheknocksonfinancialreformisthatitisregulationthroughtherearviewmirror.Lawmakersfocusonstoppingwhatcausedthemostrecentfinancialcrisis.Soafterthetechbubble,newruleswereputintoplacetostopWallStreetfromusinganalyststopushworthlessstocks.ThewayWallStreetdidIPOscameunderscrutiny.AndawholesetofruleswereputinplacetotrytostopaccountingfraudslikeEnron.

(49)Weallknownowthatnoneofthosereformsdidlittletostopthelatestfinancialcrisis,whichwasdrivennotbystocks,butbyhousingprices,laxlendingandunsoundrisktakingbyWallStreet.Sonowweareputtingreformsinplacetoreigninriskybehavioratbanks,andtoregulatethederivativesthatfacilitatebighiddenfinancialbetsandaddconsumerprotectionsthatwilleliminatetheabilitytomakebadloansinthefirstplace.

Allgoodthings.Noneofthatthoughaddressestheobviousrealthingweshouldallbeconcernedaboutwhenitcomestofinancialcrises:HumanCloning.(50)Thepaper,whichwaswrittenbyGillesSaint-Paul,aprofessorattheToulouseSchoolofEconomicsinFrance,hasasurprisingamountofmathforatopicsuchashumancloning,whichtothebestofmyknowledgedoesn’tyetexist.Andithassomeoutthereideas,liketheguessthatsurrogatemothersmightsoonhavesalariesthatmatchWallStreet.Ifclonedbabieshavehigherexpectedincomelevels,thenpeoplewillpaymoreforthemtobemade.Sobirthingacloneequalscha-ching.

【答案】【參考譯文】

46.這篇論文認(rèn)為，與赫胥黎在《美麗新世界》或《星球大戰(zhàn)》中預(yù)測的一群低智商克隆工人或一支戰(zhàn)斗的軍隊不同，克隆將帶來越來越多的高技能熟練工人。

47.最近，芭芭拉?基維亞特寫了兩篇文章，論述收入不平等是如何成為金融危機的主要促成因素。讓我們來考慮一下。如果克隆導(dǎo)致收入不平等，而收入不平等導(dǎo)致金融危機，那么我們就發(fā)現(xiàn)了問題的癥結(jié)。

48.金融改革受到的批評之一是，這是每次都是通過“后視鏡”進行監(jiān)管。議員們的重點是阻止導(dǎo)致最近金融危機的原因。因此，在科技泡沫破滅后，新的規(guī)則出臺以阻止華爾街利用分析師推銷毫無價值的股票。

49.我們現(xiàn)在都知道，所有這些改革都對阻止最新的金融危機收效甚微。這場危機的驅(qū)動因素不是股市，而是房價、寬松的貸款和華爾街不健全的冒險行為。

50.由法國圖盧茲經(jīng)濟學(xué)院的教授吉勒斯?圣保羅撰寫的這篇論文對克隆人這一課題做了大量研究，據(jù)我所知，克隆人還不存在。

3.單選題

Inthatcountry,apersonwhomarriesbeforelegalagemusthaveaparent’ssanctiontoobtainalicense.

問題1選項

A.warrant

B.approval

C.malignance

D.affirmation

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項warrant“根據(jù)；證明；正當(dāng)理由；委任狀”；B選項approval“批準(zhǔn)；認(rèn)可；贊成”；C選項malignance“惡意，惡性”；D選項affirmation“主張，肯定；斷言”。句意：在那個國家，未到法定年齡結(jié)婚的人必須得到父母的批準(zhǔn)才能獲得結(jié)婚證。本句關(guān)鍵詞sanction表示“制裁，處罰；認(rèn)可；支持”，可和approval做同義替換；因此B選項正確。

4.單選題

Butasthewinterwenton,Ifounditharderandhardertowithdraw—eitherfromtheeventswereadandheardabout,orfromthezealthatseizedthestudentsintheseminar.

問題1選項

A.enthusiasm

B.motivation

C.evidence

D.process

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.enthusiasm熱情，熱忱B.motivation動力

C.evidence證明，證據(jù)D.process（為達到某一目標(biāo)的）過程，進程

【答案】A

【考查點】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】zeal的意思為“熱情，激情”，指的是研討會上學(xué)生們的熱情，enthusiasm與之詞義相近，因此A選項正確。

【干擾項排除】B、C、D選項詞義與之不符。

【句意】但隨著冬天的到來，我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己越來越難以從我們讀到和聽到的事件中抽身，也越來越難以從研討會上學(xué)生們的熱情中抽身。

5.填空題

A:Thiswineisdelicious.Wouldyoulike（1）?

B:Nottoday,thanks.It’sratherchillyout.DoyouhaveanythinghotthatIcoulddrink?

A:Sure.Wouldyouliketeaorcoffee?

B:.（2）Ienjoythemequally,sogivemewhicheverismoreconvenient.

【答案】

some;Either

【解析】1.常用語。wouldyoulikesome?你要點嗎?

2.語義題。根據(jù)后面的givemewhicheverismoreconvenient可知茶或者咖啡都可以，填either。

6.單選題

Americansmayhaveto（）thenumberofprivatelyownedcarsanddependmoreonpublictransportationsystems.

問題1選項

A.breakdown

B.outdown

C.getdown

D.dropdown

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。breakdown“發(fā)生故障，毀掉”；getdown“吞下，使沮喪”；dropdown“落下，順著往下移動”。句意：美國人可能不得不降低私家車的數(shù)量。轉(zhuǎn)而依賴公共交通系統(tǒng)。只有D項符合，強調(diào)私家車數(shù)量的下降。

7.單選題

Herhusbandisvery（）electrician,hecouldrepairallkindsofelectricappliances.

問題1選項

A.industrious

B.competent

C.careful

D.generous

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項industrious“勤勉的”；B選項competent“有能力的；勝任的”；C選項careful“小心的；仔細的”；D選項generous“慷慨的；大方的”。句意：她丈夫是一個……的電工，他可以修理各種電器。后半句關(guān)鍵詞repair“修理”，可知他是有能力做好的。故選B。

8.單選題

Incourtherepeatedhis（）thathewasnotguiltyinfrontofthejury.

問題1選項

A.impressions

B.alliterations

C.clauses

D.assertions

【答案】D

【解析】名詞辨析。Impression印象，感想；alliteration頭韻；clause從句；（法律文件等的）條款;assertion主張,斷言。句意:在陪審團面前,他重申自己無罪的。因此D項符合句意。

9.單選題

______,forwhommanyyoungmenarecrazy.

問題1選項

A.Herethemoviestarcomes

B.Herecomesthemoviestar

C.Themoviestarcomeshere

D.Comesherethemoviestar

【答案】B

【解析】考查定語從句。本題主要考查“介詞+which/whom”引導(dǎo)的定語從句。當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞充當(dāng)定語從句中的某一介詞賓語時，通常把介詞提前，用“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”來引導(dǎo)定語從句。介詞前置時，whom指人，which指物。本題用的是whom，因此先行詞應(yīng)是前面的moviestar，因此moviestar必須作為前半句的賓語來承接后面的從句，故排除A選項、C選項，B選項Herecomes...，看見某人、某物正朝自己這邊來時用該句。此句語序是倒裝，“come”應(yīng)與其后面的名詞保持主謂一致，有時名詞也可以放在“come”前面。D選項Comeshere意為“來這里”，為祈使句，根據(jù)句意：電影明星來了，許多年輕人為他瘋狂?？芍狟選項正確。

10.單選題

AfterwinningtheChampionshiptheteammembers__________theheadcoachtotheirshouldersinshoutingtriumph.

問題1選項

A.tilted

B.hoisted

C.hauled

D.accompanied

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項“titled”，意為“授予……稱號，加標(biāo)題于”，B選項“hoisted”，意為“提起，升起”，C選項“hauled”，意為“拖，拉”，D選項“accompanied”，意為“陪伴，伴隨”。句意：贏得冠軍后，隊員們把主教練舉到肩膀上歡呼勝利。因此，B選項符合句意。

11.單選題

Theairportpolicewho（）thegirlconcludedthatshewasinnocentandhadn’tknownaboutthedrugs.

問題1選項

A.interrogated

B.shrouded

C.ratified

D.muffled

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。interrogate“詢問”；shroud“遮蔽”；ratify“批準(zhǔn)”；muffle“使聲音低沉，裹住，捂住”。句意：機場警察詢問了那個女孩，認(rèn)為她是無辜的，她對毒品一無所知。選項A符合題意。

12.單選題

（）widespreadbeliefcockroacheswouldnottakeovertheworldiftherewerenoaroundtosteponthem.

問題1選項

A.Inviewof

B.Thanksto

C.Incaseof

D.Contraryto

【答案】D

【解析】句意:和廣為流傳的說法相反的是，蟑螂如果沒有人在周圍踩它們的話，根本不能占領(lǐng)世界。

考查短語辨析。Inviewof考慮到，由于；thanksto多虧；incaseof如果，萬一；contraryto與……相反。因此D符合句意。

13.單選題

Itistruethat____awildplantintoamajorfoodcropsuchaswheatrequiresmuchresearchtime.

問題1選項

A.multiplying

B.breeding

C.magnifying

D.generating

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析與上下文語義。A選項multiply“使大幅增加”；B選項breed“培養(yǎng)；培育（動植物）”；C選項magnify“放大；夸贊；夸大”；D選項generate“使形成；產(chǎn)生（電等能量）”。句意：確實____一種野生植物變成像小麥這樣的主要糧食作物需要大量的研究時間。原文表達的是通過研究把野生植物培育成糧食作物，B選項breed“培養(yǎng)；培育（動植物）”最符合句意。因此，本題最佳選項為B。

14.單選題

Thelawondrinkinganddrivingis（

）stated.

問題1選項

A.extravagantly

B.empirically

C.exceptionally

D.explicitly

【答案】D

【解析】考查形近義異詞義辨析。extravagantly“揮霍無度地”；empirically“以經(jīng)驗為主地”；exceptionally“特殊地，例外地”；explicitly“明確地，明白地”。句子意思為：法律對飲酒和駕駛是有明確規(guī)定的。選項D符合題意。

15.單選題

JohnaskedMary（）forherelectronicdictionary.

問題1選項

A.didshepayhowmuch

B.shepaidhowmuch

C.howmuchdidshepay

D.howmuchshepaid

【答案】D

【解析】考查賓語從句的用法?？崭裉幩诰渥訛橘e語從句，從句的語序應(yīng)為：疑問詞+主語+謂語。故D項正確。句意：John問Mary買的電子詞典多少錢。

16.單選題

Myclassmatesstoodtherelookinguneasilyatme,puzzlingwhyIhadn’tgotannoyedthistimewhenIcouldn’tgetmyown（）.

問題1選項

A.way

B.wish

C.will

D.desire

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定短語搭配。A選項way“方法；道路；方向；行業(yè)；習(xí)慣”；B選項wish“希望，愿望；祈求，心愿；祝愿，祝福；想要的東西，希望的事；請求，要求”；C選項will“意志，決心；心愿；遺囑；意旨；愿意；想要；決心要；用意志力使；遺贈”；D選項desire“（n.）欲望；要求，心愿（v.）想要；要求；希望得到……；渴望”。根據(jù)固定搭配getone’sownway“隨心所欲，想怎樣就怎樣”可知該題選way。句意：我同學(xué)站在那兒，不安地看著我，似乎在疑惑為什么我這次沒有因為沒有用自己的方式處理問題而焦慮。因此A選項正確。

17.單選題

We’ll____youforanydamagedonetoyourhousewhileweareinit.

問題1選項

A.compensate

B.remedy

C.supplement

D.retrieve

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.compensate給（某人）賠償（或賠款）B.remedy改正；糾正

C.supplement增補；補充D.retrieve取回；索回

【答案】A

【考查點】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】句意：我們在你房子里的時候，如果給你房子造成任何損壞，我們會……。根據(jù)邏輯，住在別人的房子里時，如果造成損壞應(yīng)該對房子的主人進行賠償。因此選A。

【干擾項排除】B、C、D選項均無法與空格前后構(gòu)成相應(yīng)邏輯關(guān)系。

【句意】我們在你房子里的時候，如果給你房子造成任何損壞，我們會賠償?shù)摹?/p>

18.單選題

Yourhelpis（）forthesuccessoftheproject.

問題1選項

A.indispensable

B.indicative

C.inevitable

D.inherent

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項indispensable“不可缺少的；絕對必要的”；B選項indicative“象征的；指示的”；C選項inevitable“必然的，不可避免的”；D選項inherent“內(nèi)在的；與生俱來的”。句意：你的幫助是這個項目成功不可缺少的。根據(jù)句中“thesuccessoftheproject這個項目成功”可知“不可缺少的”符合語境，因此A選項正確。

19.單選題

（

）memostwasthattheyoungboywhohadlostbotharmsinanaccidentcouldhandleapenwithhisfeet.

問題1選項

A.Thatamazed

B.Itamazed

C.Whichamazed

D.Whatamazed

【答案】D

【解析】句意:令我吃驚的是，這個在車禍中喪失雙臂的年輕人能夠用腳拿筆。

語法題?？疾槊~性從句。分析題干可知memost這部分在整個句子中作主語，因此這部分是主語從句。常用連接詞what引導(dǎo)主語從句,故答案選項為D。

20.單選題

Whywouldanywomaninherrightmindchoosetowalkontheballsofherfeetwithherheelsproppedupbyspikes?Thehistoricalansweristhathighheelsreflectaristocratictastes—specifically,thetastesoftheseventeenth-centuryFrenchcourt,whichfirstpopularizedtheminEurope.Notonlydidheelskeepthewearer'sfeetrelativelymudfree,theyalsocreatedaphysicalelevationtomatchthesocialelevationofthestylish,exaggeratedthestruttinggaitofthenobleclasses,andtheysuggested,bytheirveryprecariousness,thattheirownerscouldaffordnottoworryaboutfallingontheirfaces.Indeed,asBernardRudofskypointsout,seventeenth-centurywearersofhighheels,menandwomen,frequentlyhadtobetransportedinsedanchairsbecausetheycouldnotmanagecobblestonesonfoot.Some“heels”inthaterawereactuallyfull-soledplatforms,andtowalkonthesethingsatall,oneneededtheconstantelbowsupportoftwoservants.

Thehelplessnessassociatedwiththeraised-heelstyleencouragedthenotionthatheeledpersonswereabovehavingtocareforthemselves.Inviewofthis,itisnotsurprisingthateventodayitiswomen,almostexclusively,whowearheels.Highheelsarethecobbler'scontributiontowhatIhavecalledthepedestalploy.Theylinkphysicalincapacitywiththenotionofwomanasa“higherbeing”一toohightogetalongonherown.

Womenhavetakentohighheels,ofcourse,becausetheyfeel,correctly,thattheyincreasetheirattractivenesstomen.Partofthatincreasedattractivenesshastodowithmalefantasiesoffemalefragility.AsfashioniconoclastElizabethHawesputsit,“Theideaisthathe,inhisheavyshoes,shouldfeelstrongerandmorecapablethansheonherfragilestilts.Nevermindtherealities.”Anotherpartofitmaybebiological.Inhisdiscussionofrumpdisplayamongmammals,DaleGuthrienotesthatthe“l(fā)inesofthebuttocks,thigh,calfandanklehaveanativesexualstimulation,butthiscanbeincreasedwithhigh-heeledshoes;thecurvesareexaggeratedwhentheheelislifted.”Heelsalsoexaggeratethelateralmotionofbuttocks.Theultimatefunctionofhighheels,therefore,maybetofuelthemalebeliefthatwomenarebothimpotentandseductive.

1.Thepassageismainlyabout（）.

2.Fromhistoricalpointofview,highheels（）.

3.Womenonhighheelssuggestthat（）.

4.Themostimportantreasonforwomen'spreferencetohighheelsisthat（）.

5.Themen'sattitudestowardswomen'swearinghighheelsarethat（）.

問題1選項

A.highheels

B.functionsofhighheels

C.historyofhighheels

D.womenonhighheels

問題2選項

A.weretheexclusivepassionofwomen

B.werewornbybothmenandwomen

C.symbolizedthetastesofaristocracy

D.werethecharacteristicsofnobleclasses

問題3選項

A.theyarealwayshelplessashighheels

B.theyaredependableaswellasfragile

C.theyalwayshavesomesuperiority

D.highheelsarestillfashionable

問題4選項

A.biologicalweak-pointscanbereduced

B.attractivenesstomenisincreased

C.socialelevationcanbeshown

D.aristocratictastesarereflected

問題5選項

A.theyareconsideredweakerthanmen

B.theyareregardedasbiologicallyincapable

C.theyarejustinbiologicalneed.

D.theyarethoughttobecharmingandfeeble

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知,本文主要是講高跟鞋的作用,選項B正確。

2.根據(jù)第一段的第二句“Thehistoricalansweristhathighheelsreflectaristocratictastes—specifically,thetastesoftheseventeenth-centuryFrenchcourt,...”從歷史的角度來看,高跟鞋反映了貴族的品味——尤其是17世紀(jì)法國宮廷的品味。選項C符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第二段的第一句“Thehelplessnessassociatedwiththeraised-heelstyleencouragedthenotionthatheeledpersonswereabovehavingtocareforthemselves.”與高跟鞋風(fēng)格相關(guān)的無助感,助長了一種觀念,即穿高跟鞋的人不必為自己操心。也就是說,高跟鞋對于女性來說既是可靠的,但也很脆弱,所以選項B正確。

4.根據(jù)第三段的第一句“Womenhavetakentohighheels,ofcourse,becausetheyfeel,correctly,thattheyincreasetheirattractivenesstomen.”當(dāng)然,確切的說,女性選擇高跟鞋是因為她們覺得高跟鞋增加了她們對男性的吸引力。選項B符合原文。

5.根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Theultimatefunctionofhighheels,therefore,maybetofuelthemalebeliefthatwomenarebothimpotentandseductive.”因此,高跟鞋的終極功能可能是讓男性更加相信女性既脆弱又有魅力。選項D符合原文。

21.單選題

ARepublicanplantocontroltherisingcostofSocialSecuritywouldgreatlyreduceretirementbenefitsformiddle-andupper-incomeAmericans,especiallythosenowyoungerthan25,accordingtoananalysisreleasedWednesdaybytheprogram'schiefactuary（精算師）.Theplan,byRep.PaulRyan,RepublicanofWisconsin,wouldreducebenefitsbygraduallyraisingtheretirementageandgraduallycuttingbenefitsforthetop70percentofearners.

Together,thetwoprovisionswouldreduceinitialbenefitsbyaboutaquarterformiddle-incomeAmericanswhoturn65in2050,accordingtotheanalysis.Wealthierretireeswouldseeevendeepercuts,losingaboutathirdofscheduledbenefitsin2050andmorethanhalfofscheduledbenefitsiftheyturn65in2080.

Withcongressionalelectionslessthantwoweeksaway,theRyanplanhasbeenafrequenttargetforDemocratsaccusingtheGOPofplottingtogutSocialSecurity.ButthereportbyStephenGoss,chiefactuaryfortheSocialSecurityAdministration,alsoexaminesotherideasforoverhaulingtheprogram,includingseveralunderdiscussionbyadeficit（赤字）-reductioncommissionappointedbyPresidentObama.LeadersinbothpartiessaySocialSecuritymaypresentthebestopportunityforcompromiseonthecommission,whichisduetoissueareportDec.1.

Goss'sanalysisshowsthatthoseideasmaynotbemuchmorepleasantthanRyan'splan.Forexample,allowingtheretirementagetocontinuerisingtwomonthsperyearuntilithitsage70wouldcutinitialbenefitsbynearly20percentforanyoneturning65in2050.Meanwhile,thecommissionistalkingaboutcuttingthecost-of-livingincreaseretireesreceiveeachyear,aswellascuttingtheirinitialbenefits.

"There'sbeenalotofdiscussionabouthoweasyitwouldbetocutSocialSecurityinordertosaveit,'saidRep.EarlPomeroy,DemocratofNorthDakota,whorequestedthereportaschairmanoftheHouseWaysandMeanssubcommitteeonSocialSecurity.‘Thenewanalysisrevealsthattheseproposalsresultinbenefitscutsrangingfrom10percenttoashighas50percent.…That'snotwhatI’dall'saving'SocialSecurity.’

RyanspokesmanConorSweeneysaidGossdidnotanalyzethefulleffectofRyan'splantobalancethefederalbudgetandignoredRyan'sproposaltoguaranteeahigherminimumbenefittolow-incomeretirees.Moretothepoint,Sweeneysaid,failingtooverhaulSocialSecurity—whichisalreadypayingoutmorethanitcollectsfrompayrolltaxes―willcausemoreimmediateharm."AccordingtotheSocialSecurityAdministration,CongressmanPomeroy'sdo-nothingplanwillimposepainfulacross-the-boardbenefitcutsoncurrentseniorsandthosenearingretirement,"

Sweeneysaid."Itisdeeplyirresponsibleforelectedleaderstostandidlewithicyindifferenceasthesocialsafetynetcollapses."

1.WhatcanbeinferredfromtheplanbyPaulRyan?

2.Whatdoestheword“gut’inthe3rdparagraphmean?

3.EarlPomeroyholdstheideathat（

）.

4.Astothelow-incomeretirees,（

）.

問題1選項

A.Itencouragespeopletoretireasearlyaspossible.

B.Ithaslittleinfluenceontheupper-incomeretirees.

C.ItwasmadetocontrolthecostofSocialSecurity.

D.Itwillincreasethelower-incomeAmericana’sbenefits.

問題2選項

A.Cut.

B.Spoil.

C.Misuse.

D.Abolish.

問題3選項

A.retiringat70willleadtonoinitialbenefitscuts

B.Ryan’splanisthebestwaytosaveSocialSecurity

C.initialbenefitscutsshouldbelimitedunder20%

D.initialbenefitscutsishelplessforSocialSecurity

問題4選項

A.theywereignoredbyGossinhisanalysis

B.Ryanpaidnoattentiontothemintheplan

C.Sweeneyproposedahigherminimumbenefit

/r