考研考博-英語-川南幼兒師范高等專科學校押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇2

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-川南幼兒師范高等?？茖W校押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓練(共50題)1.單選題

Sheboughtahousenearthesealastyearsoshecouldtakea（）alongthebeachwhenevershewantedto.

問題1選項

A.stroll

B.stride

C.stretch

D.strand

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析題。stroll"散步,漫步";stride"大步";stretch"延伸,延續(xù)";strand"（線、繩、發(fā)的）股;縷"。句意：她去年在海邊買了一所房子，這樣她就可以隨時在海灘上散步了。選項A符合句意。

2.單選題

Thenewcomersfounditimpossibleto（

）themselvestotheclimatesufficientlytomakepermanenthomesinthenewcountry.

問題1選項

A.suit

B.adapt

C.regulate

D.coordinate

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。根據固定搭配adaptoneselfto“使自己適應于……”，suitto“合適于，相稱”；沒有搭配regulateto和coordinateto，可排除C和D選項。句意：新來的人發(fā)現他們不可能使自己充分適應新國家的氣候，而永久定居。因此選項B符合題意。

3.單選題

SomeAfricanAmericanshavehadaprofoundimpactonAmericansociety,changingmanypeople’sviewsonrace,historyandpolitics.ThefollowingisasamplingofAfricanAmericanswhohaveshapedsocietyandtheworldwiththeirspiritandtheirideals.

MuhammadAliCassiusMarcellusClaygrewupadevoutBaptistinLouisville,Kentucky,learningtofightatage12afterapoliceofficersuggestedhelearntodefendhimself.Sixyearslater,hewasanOlympicboxingchampion,goingontowinthreeworldheavyweighttitles.Hebecameknownasmuchforhisswagger（趾高氣揚）outsidetheringashismovementinit,convertingtoIslamin1965,changinghisnametoMuhammadAliandrefusingtojointheU.S.Armyonreligiousgrounds.AliremainedpopularafterhisathleticcareerendedandhedevelopedParkinson’sdisease,evenlightingtheOlympictorchatthe1996AtlantaOlympicsandconveyingthepeacefulvirtuesofIslamfollowing

theSeptember11terroristattacks.

W.E.B.DuBoisBomWilliamEdwardBurghardtDuBoisin1868,thisMassachusettsnativewasoneofthemostprominent,prolificintellectualsofhistime.Anacademic,activistandhistorian,DuBoisco-foundedtheNationalAssociationfortheAdvancementofColoredPeople(NAACP),edited“TheCrisis”magazineandwrote17books,fourjournalsandmanyotherscholarlyarticles.Inperhapshismostfamouswork,“TheSoulsofBlackFolk,”publishedin1903,hepredicted“theproblemof20thcenturywouldbetheproblemofthecolor-line.’’

MartinLutherKingJr.TheRev.MartinLutherKingJr.isconsideredoneofthemostpowerfulandpopularleadersoftheAmericancivilrightsmovement.Hespearheaded(帶頭，做先鋒)amassive,nonviolentinitiativeofmarches,sit-ins,boycottsanddemonstrationsthatprofoundlyaffectedAmericans’attitudestowardracerelations.HewasawardedtheNobelPeacePrizein1964.

MalcolmXBlackleaderMalcolmXspokeoutabouttheconceptsofraceprideandblacknationalismintheearly1960s.Hedenouncedtheexploitationofblackpeoplebywhitesanddevelopedalargeanddedicatedfollowing,whichcontinuedevenafterhisdeathin1965.Interestintheleader

surgedagainafterSpikeLee’s1992movie“MalcolmX”wasreleased.

JackieRobinsonIn1947,JackieRobinsonbrokethecolorbarrierbyjoiningtheBrooklynDodgers,becomingthefirstblackbaseballplayerintheU.S.majorleagues.Afterretirementfrombaseballin1957,heremainedactiveincivilrightsandyouthactivities.In1962,hebecamethefirstAfrican-AmericantobeinductedintotheBaseballHallofFame.

1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutMuhammadAli?

2.Theitalicizedword“prolific”(Line2,Para.3)issynonymousto（）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementisNOTtrue?

4.Whatiscommonamongthecelebritiesmentionedinthepassage?

5.Whichofthefollowingcanbeatitleofthepassage?

問題1選項

A.Heneverservedinthearmy.

B.Helearnedtofightatanearlyage.

C.Hispopularitydecreasedafterhisretirementfromboxing.

D.Helovespeace.

問題2選項

A.smart

B.skilled

C.productive

D.pioneering

問題3選項

A.W.E.B.DuBoiswasengagedinthecauseofpromotingthestatusofcoloredpeople.

B.JackieRobinsonwasdeniedbyU.S.majorbaseballleaguesthroughouthislife.

C.MartinLutherKingJr.washighlyawardedforhiscontributionstothecivilrightsmovements.

D.MalcolmXdirectlyorindirectlyinspiredinterestinleadershipevenafterhisdeath.

問題4選項

A.Eachachievedenormoussuccessinhis/herfieldandwashighlyrecognized.

B.Eachwasdevotedtohis/hercausebutdidn’twinrecognitionuntildeath.

C.Allwereactiveandfamousinseveralfieldsintheirlifetime.

D.Alllovedpeaceandremainedactiveincivilrightsactivities.

問題5選項

A.LifeofFamousAfricanAmericans

B.InfluenceofFamousAfricanAmericans

C.PoliticalPioneers:IconsandIntellectuals

D.CulturalPioneers:IconsandIntellectuals

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.細節(jié)判斷題。原文第二段尾句指出Aliremainedpopularafterhisathleticcareerended(Ali在運動生涯結束后仍然很受歡迎)。C選項說從拳擊退役后，他的聲望下降了,與原文不符。

2.語義題。Prolific形容intellectuals,原文第三段第二句wrote17books,fourjournalsandmanyotherscholarly

articles可知，這里要表達的是“豐富的才能,足智多謀”，productive最相符。

3.細節(jié)判斷題。根據題干定位到Jackie段落，JackieRobinsonbrokethecolorbarrier...firstblackbaseballplayer(JackieRobinson打破了膚色障礙,成為第一個黑人棒球運動員)。B選項與此不符。

4.細節(jié)歸納題。文中提到的每個名人在其領域都取得了巨大的成就并且被高度認可。

5.主旨大意題。本文只介紹了一些非裔美國人在政治和文化方面的生平事跡，但是并沒有著重于他們帶來的影響。

4.翻譯題

工作使人忙碌，讓人不會感到寂寞、孤獨。工作給人以充實感和成就感。研究表明，人們無事可做時會感到不愉快、憂慮、孤獨。相反，忙于工作的人感到最愉快。許多熱愛事業(yè)、卓有成就的人感到在努力工作時最幸福。工作起到人與現實之間的橋梁作用:通過工作，人們彼此接觸;通過集體活動，人們得到友誼和溫暖。由此我們可以得出結論：工作能使人幸福,使人健康。

【答案】Workmakesonebusy,makesonefeelneitherlonelynorsolitary.Workgivesoneasenseofenrichmentandasenseofachievement.Researchindicatesthatpeoplefeelunhappy,concernedandsolitarywhentheyhavenothingtodo.Onthecontrary,peoplebusywiththeirworkfeelextremelyhappy.Manypeoplelovingtheircareerandhavingmadetheirprominentachievementsfeelveryhappywhileworkinghard.Workservesasabridgebetweenpeopleandreality.Throughwork,peopleareabletocomeintocontactwithoneanother.Throughcollectiveactivities,peoplegetfriendshipandwarmth.Thuswecanreachtheconclusionthatworkcanmakeonehappyandhealthy.

5.單選題

Thosewhowelcomedtherailwaysawitasmorethanarapidandcomfortablemeansofpassing.Theyactuallysawitasafactorinworldpeace.Theydidnotforeseethattherailwaywouldbejustonemoremeansfortherapidmovementofaggressivearmies.Noneofthemforesawthatthemorewearetogether—themorechancesthereareofwar.Anyboyorgirlwhoisoneofalargefamilyknowsthat.

Wheneveranynewinventionisputforward,thoseforitandthoseagainstitcanalwaysfindmedicalmentoapproveorcondemn.Theanti-railwaygroupproduceddoctorswhosaidthattunnelswouldbemostdangeroustopublichealth:theywouldproducecolds，catarrhs（黏膜炎）andconsumptions.Thedeafeningnoiseandtheglareoftheenginefirewouldhaveabadeffectonthenerves.Further,beingmovedthroughtheairatahighspeedwoulddograveinjurytodelicatelungs.Inthosewithhighblood-pressure,themovementofthetrainmightproduceapoplexy（中風）.The

suddenplungingofatrainintothedarknessofatunnel,andtheequallysuddenrushintofulldaylight,wouldcausegreatdamagetoeyesight.Butthepro-railwaygroupwasofcourseabletoproduceequallyfamousmedicalmentosayjusttheopposite.Theysaidthatthespeedandswingofthetrainwouldequalizethecirculation,promotedigestion,tranquilizethenerves,andensuregoodsleep.

Theactualrolling-stockwasanythingbutcomfortable.Ifitwasatestofendurancetositforfourhoursoutsideacoachinrain,orinsideindirtyair,therailwayofferedlittlemoreinthewayofcomfort.Certainlythefirst-classcarriageshadcushionedseats;butthesecond-classhadonlynarrowbareboards,whilethethird-classhadnothingatall;noseatsandnoroof;theywerejustopentrucks.Sothatthird-classpassengersgainednothingfromthefewmodesexceptspeed.Inthematterofcomfort,indeedtheylost;theydid,onthecoaches,haveaseat,butnowtheyhadtostandalltheway,whichgaveopportunitiestothecomic（滑稽的）press.Thiskindofthing:Amanwasseenyesterdaybuyingathird-classticketforthenewLondonandBirminghamRailway.Thestateofhismindisbeingenquiredinto.

Awriterintheearlydaysofrailwayswrotefeelinglyofbothsecond-andthird-classcarriages.Hemadethesuggestionthatthedirectorsoftherailwaysmusthavesentallovertheworldtofindthehardestpossiblewood.Oftheopenthird-classtruckshesaidthattheyhadthepeculiarpropertyofmeetingtherainfromwhateverquarteritcame.Hedescribedthemashorizontalshower-baths,fromwhosesearchingpowertherewasnoescape.

1.Allboysandgirlsinlargefamiliesknowthat______.

2.Accordingtothosewhowelcomedtherailway,therailwayitselfshouldincludeallthefollowingexcept______.

3.Accordingtotheanti-railwaygroup,allthefollowingsaretruebut_____.

4.Wemaysafelyconcludethat_____.

5.Whatisthetoneofthispassage?

問題1選項

A.aboyandagirlusuallyfightwhentheyaretogether

B.peopletendtobetogethermorethantheyusedtobe

C.alotofpeoplebeingtogethermakesfightslikely

D.railwayleadstheworldtopeace

問題2選項

A.therailwayenablespeopletotravelfast

B.therailwaybringscomforttopeople

C.therailwaymakestheworldpeaceful

D.therailwayleadstheworldtowaraswell

問題3選項

A.tunnelsaredangeroustopublichealth

B.thenoiseandtheglareoftheenginefiremayaffectpeople’snerves

C.therapidspeedthroughtheairdoesdamagetopeople’slungs

D.tothosewithhighblood-pressure,therapidspeedofthetraincausesthemtodie

問題4選項

A.theauthorbelongstotheanti-railwaygroup

B.theauthorbelongstothefor-railwaygroup

C.theauthorspeakshighlyoftherailway

D.theauthormaynevertaketrainbecauseofitspotentialdangers

問題5選項

A.Practical.

B.Satirical.

C.Humorous.

D.Exaggerated.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第一段最后一句，“themorewearetogether-themorechancesthereareofwar.Anyboyorgirlwhoisoneofalargefamilyknowsthat.”，可知男孩女孩們都知道，大家越是團結在一起，發(fā)生戰(zhàn)爭的機會就越大，選項C符合題意。

2.細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第一段，“Noneofthemforesawthatthemorewearetogether—themorechancesthereareofwar.”，可知沒有人預見到鐵路是發(fā)生戰(zhàn)爭機會越來越多的原因。選項D符合題意。

3.細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第二段第二句，“wouldbemostdangeroustopublichealth”，可知火車對人體健康是最危險的。選項A可排除。根據文章第二段第三句，“Thedeafeningnoiseandtheglareoftheenginefirewouldhaveabadeffectonthenerves.”，可知噪音和眩光對人的神經有影響，選項B可排除。根據第二段第四句，“woulddograveinjurytodelicatelungs.”，可知對人體肺部也有影響，選項C排除。選項D符合題意。

4.推斷題。根據文章第一段，“Theydidnotforeseethattherailwaywouldbejustonemoremeansfortherapidmovementofaggressivearmies.”，可知人們沒有預見鐵路是敵軍快速移動的一種方式，可推斷出作者提出了火車的不好，表明了自己反對鐵路的立場，所以他是反鐵路組織的一員。選項A符合題意。

5.作者態(tài)度題。文章第二段提到了火車會對身體健康等各方面帶來危害，最后一段還舉到了一位作家對火車描述的例子，可見作者是運用了諷刺的語氣來描寫的。選項B符合題意。

6.單選題

Shewasagreathelptoherfamilywhenherfathersufferedamental（）andhadtobehospitalized.

問題1選項

A.destruction

B.disaster

C.damage

D.collapse

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A:destruction“破壞，毀滅”；B:disaster“災難；不幸”；C:damage“損害”；D:collapse“崩潰；衰弱”。句意：當她的父親精神上受到傷害，不得不住院時，她對家人幫助很大。根據句意，精神傷害應為mentaldamage，故C為正確答案。

7.單選題

MissRosemaryAdangwentthroughthecompositioncarefullyto（）allerrorsfromit.

問題1選項

A.eliminate

B.terminate

C.illuminate

D.alleviate

【答案】A

【解析】同形詞辨析題。eliminate“排除；消除”；terminate“結束；終結”；illuminate“照亮”；alleviate“減輕；緩和”，“仔細地瀏覽作文”的目的是“排除錯誤”，符合邏輯，所以此處應該使用動詞eliminate，故正確答案為選項A。句意為：羅斯瑪麗亞當小姐仔細地瀏覽作文，以排除所有錯誤。

8.單選題

Duringthereadinglesson,theteacheraskedstudentstoreadafew（

）fromthenovel.

問題1選項

A.pieces

B.essays

C.fragments

D.extracts

【答案】D

【解析】名詞辨析。句意:上閱讀課時，老師要求學生閱讀小說中的幾個。

pieces(完整的)作品;essay論文,文章;fragment片段,一般指文藝作品中的殘存部分；extract書本中的摘錄，選段等。故選D。

9.單選題

Haveyouseenthehandylittle______?It’sforseparatingeggyolksfromwhite.

問題1選項

A.aerosol

B.crate

C.margarine

D.gadget

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.aerosol噴霧器B.crate大木箱；板條箱

C.margarine人造黃油D.gadget小器具；小配件

【答案】D

【考查點】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】由第二句句意“這是用來分離蛋黃和蛋白的”可知，空格處是一種將雞蛋的蛋清和蛋白分離的工具，D項符合句意。

【干擾項排除】A、B、C項不符合句意。

【句意】你見過那個方便的小工具嗎？它可以用來分離蛋黃和蛋白的。

10.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.

Man’syouthisawonderfulthing:itissofullofanguishandofmagicandhenevercomestoknowitasitis,untilithasgonefromhimforever.

Itisthethinghecannotbeartolose;itisthethingwhosepassinghewatcheswithinfinitesorrowandregret;itisthethingwhoselosshemustlamentforever;itisthethingwhoselosshereallywelcomeswithasadandsecretjoy;thethingwouldneverwillinglyreliveagain,coulditberestoredtohimbyanymagic.

【答案】人的青春美妙絕倫，雖滿是痛楚，但魅力無限。年少時不了解青春為何物，當其永逝，方才幡然大悟。

青春的逝去令人百般不舍，目睹其漸行漸遠，難免觸目傷懷，悔不當初。但青春不再卻又著實讓人悲喜交加?？杉幢闫孥E出現，時光倒流，卻也無人情愿重度那段青春歲月。

11.翻譯題

中國作為一個發(fā)展中國家，面臨著發(fā)展經濟和保護環(huán)境的雙重任務。然而，我國人口眾多，資源相對不足，經濟規(guī)模越來越大，經濟發(fā)展與資源和環(huán)境之間的矛盾日益突出。環(huán)境污染嚴重，生態(tài)狀況惡化、資源耗費巨大、回收率低而導致環(huán)境破壞等問題，已成為中國經濟保持可持續(xù)發(fā)展的瓶頸。

從國情出發(fā)，中國在全面推進現代化的進程中，已將環(huán)境保護視為一項基本國策，將實現經濟可持續(xù)發(fā)展視為一項重要戰(zhàn)略，同時在全國范圍內開展污染防治工作和生態(tài)環(huán)境保護活動，環(huán)境惡化的狀況基本得到了控制。實踐證明，我們協調經濟發(fā)展與環(huán)境保護兩者之間關系的做法是行之有效的。人類發(fā)展只有合理地利用自然界，與自然界保持和諧關系，才能維持和發(fā)展人類所創(chuàng)造的文明，才能與自然界共生共榮、協調發(fā)展。中國作為國際社會的成員，在努力保護自己環(huán)境的同時，還積極參與國際環(huán)保事務，促進國際環(huán)保合作，并認真履行國際義務。所有這些都充分表明了中國政府和人民保護全球環(huán)境的誠意和決心。

Directions:TranslatethefollowingparagraphfromChineseintoEnglish.PleasewriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】Asadevelopingcountry,Chinaisconfrontedwiththedualtaskofdevelopingitseconomyandprotectingitsenvironment.However,acountrywithalargepopulation,relativeinsufficiencyofnaturalresourcesandanexpandingeconomy,Chinasuffersanincreasinglysignificantdisparitybetweeneconomicdevelopmentandnaturalresourcesandtheenvironment.Theseriousenvironmentalproblemcausedbyseverepollution,deterioratingecologicalconditions,hugeconsumptionofresourcesandlowreclamationhasalreadybecomeabottleneckforthesustainabledevelopmentoftheChineseeconomy.

Proceedingfromitsactualconditions,Chinahas,intheprocessofpromotingitsoverallmodernizationprogram,madeenvironmentalprotectiononeofitsbasicstatepolicies,regardedtherealizationofsustainedeconomicdevelopmentasanimportantstrategyandmeanwhile,carriedoutnationwidecampaignsforpollutionpreventionandtreatmentaswellasenvironmentandecologyconservation,theconditionsofenvironmentaldegradationhavebeencontrolledfundamentally.Practiceshowsthatourpracticeofcoordinatingtherelationshipbetweeneconomicdevelopmentandenvironmentalprotectioniseffective.Onlyifmanmakesreasonableuseofnatureandkeepsaharmoniousrelationshipwithitintheprocessofdevelopmentcanthecivilizationcreatedbyhimbemaintainedanddeveloped,canhesharesubsistenceandglorywithnatureanddevelopwithnatureinacoordinatingway.Asamemberoftheinternationalcommunity,China,whilemakinggreateffortstoprotectitsownenvironment,hastakenanactivepartininternationalenvironmentalaffairs,striventopromoteinternationalcooperationinthefieldofenvironmentalprotection,andearnestlyfulfilleditsinternationalobligations.AllthosehavegivenfullexpressiontothesincerityanddeterminationoftheChinesegovernmentandpeopletoprotecttheglobalenvironment.

12.單選題

6.

問題1選項

A.Toresignrightaway.

B.Toworkonemoredayaschairman.

C.Tothinktwicebeforehemakesthedecision.

D.Toreceivefurthertraininguponhisresignation.

【答案】C

【解析】M:Ihadit.Iamresigningfromthejobofchairmanrightnow.Ican’tstanditanotherday.

W:Doyoureallymeanthatyouwanttoquit?

M:Well,maybe,I’llgiveitasecondthought.

Q:Whatisthemangoingtodo?

【解析】男士說：I’llgiveitasecondthought,即他會重新考慮一下。

13.單選題

Thedeclineinmoralstandards—whichhaslongconcernedsocialanalysts—hasatlastcapturedtheattentionofaverageAmericans,AndJeanBethkeElshtain,forone,isglad.

Thefactthatordinarycitizensarenowstartingtothinkseriouslyaboutthenation’smoralclimate,saysthisethics(倫理學)professorattheUniversityofChicago,isreasontohopethatnewideaswillcomeforwardtoimproveit.

Butthechallengeisnottobeunderestimated.MaterialismandIndividualisminAmericansocietyarethebiggestobstacles.“ThethoughtthatI’minitformehasbecomedeeplyrootedinthenationalconsciousness,”MsElshtainsays.

Someofthiscanbeattributedtothedisintegrationoftraditionalcommunities,inwhichneighborslookedoutforoneanother,shesays.Withtoday’sgreatermobilityandwithsomanycouplesworking,thosebondshavebeenweakened,replacedbyagreateremphasisonself.

Ina1996pollofAmericans,lossofmoralitytoppedthelistofthebiggestproblemsfacingtheU.S.AndElshtainsaysthepubliciscorrecttosensethat:DatashowthatAmericansarestrugglingwithproblemsunheardofinthe1950s,suchasclassroomviolenceandahighrateofbirthstounmarriedmothers.

Thedesireforahighermoralstandardisnotalament（挽歌）forsomenonexistent“goldenage,”Elshtainsays,norisitawishful（一廂情愿的）longingforatimethatdeniedopportunitiestowomenandminorities.Mostpeople,infact,favorthelesseningofprejudice.

Moraldeclinewillnotbereverseduntilpeoplefindwaystocounterthematerialisminsociety,shesays.“Slowly,yourecognizethatthethingsthatmatterarethosethatcan’tbebought.”

1.ProfessorElshtainispleasedtoseethatAmericans（）.

2.ThemoraldeclineofAmericansocietyiscausedmainlyby（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingcharacterizesthetraditionalcommunities?

4.Inthe1950s,classroomviolence（）.

5.AccordingtoElshtain,thecurrentmoraldeclinemaybereversed（）.

問題1選項

A.haveadaptedtoanewsetofmoralstandards

B.arelongingforthereturnofthegoodolddays

C.haverealizedtheimportanceofmaterialthings

D.areawakeningtotheloweringoftheirmoralstandards

問題2選項

A.itsgrowingwealth

B.theself-centerednessofindividuals

C.underestimatingtheimpactofsocialchanges

D.theprejudiceagainstwomenandminorities

問題3選項

A.Greatmobility

B.Emphasisonindividualeffort

C.Concernforone’sneighbors

D.Ever-weakeningsocialbonds

問題4選項

A.assomethingunheardof

B.attractedalotofpublicattention

C.wasbynomeansarareoccurrence

D.begantoappearinanalysts’data

問題5選項

A.ifpeoplecanreturntothe“goldenage”

B.whenwomenandmenenjoyequalrights

C.whenpeopleridthemselvesofprejudice

D.iflessemphasisislaidonmaterialthings

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.事實細節(jié)題。由題干關鍵詞定位到第一段的第一二句話Thedeclineinmoralstandards—whichhaslongconcernedsocialanalysts—hasatlastcapturedtheattentionofaverageAmericans（道德標準的下降——長期以來一直困擾著社會分析人士——終于引起了普通美國人的注意。）后文說JeanBethkeElshtain對于這個很開心，由此可知D選項“意識到他們道德標準的降低”正確。A、B、C在原文都沒有提到，因此排除。

2.推理判斷題。由題干關鍵詞定位到文章第三段第二句話MaterialismandIndividualisminAmericansocietyarethebiggestobstacles.（美國社會的物質主義和個人主義是最大的障礙。）從這句可以看出物質主義和個人主義這兩點是美國社會最大的障礙，也是引發(fā)道德衰落的原因，由此可知B選項“個人的自我中心”正確。而對物質財富的崇尚，和財富本身的增長沒有直接聯系，因此A選項錯誤；C選項出現在第三段的第一句thechallengeisnottobeunderestimated（挑戰(zhàn)不應被低估），這里的挑戰(zhàn)就是指的Materialism和individualism，但是選項把challenge換成了change，因此屬于偷換概念，C選項錯誤；D選項出現在倒數第二段，根據篇章分析對這一段的說明，這種歧視現象是過去那個道德水平較高時代的現象，因此絕不會是它引起了現今道德水平的下降，因此D選項也錯誤。

3.推理判斷題。由題干關鍵詞定位到第四段Someofthiscanbeattributedtothedisintegrationoftraditionalcommunities,inwhichneighborslookedoutforoneanother,shesays.（她說，這在一定程度上可以歸因于傳統(tǒng)社區(qū)的解體，在傳統(tǒng)社區(qū)中，鄰居們互相照顧。）由此可見，對鄰居的關照是傳統(tǒng)社區(qū)的特點，因此C選項“對鄰居的關心”正確。A選項體現在Withtoday’sgreatermobilityandwithsomanycouplesworking,thosebondshavebeenweakened,replacedbyagreateremphasisonself.（隨著當今社會流動性的增強，以及如此多的夫妻都在工作，這種紐帶已經被削弱，取而代之的是對自我的更加強調。）這里提到了高流動性，高流動性實際應該是指人口居住地不斷變化，鄰居之間相處時間不會很長，也就無法培養(yǎng)良好關系，當然也不會互相關心互相照料?？梢哉fA是造成B和D的原因之一（另一原因是雙職工——夫妻二人都去上班，也就很少有機會和鄰居交往），而B和D都是現今社會的特點，不是傳統(tǒng)社區(qū)的特點，因此A、B、D不對。

4.事實細節(jié)題。由題干關鍵詞定位到第五段DatashowthatAmericansarestrugglingwithproblemsunheardofinthe1950s,suchasclassroomviolenceandahighrateofbirthstounmarriedmothers（數據顯示，美國人正艱難應對問題聞所未聞的1950年代，如課堂暴力和高速率的未婚母親。）開頭是“數據表明”，后面是數據所顯示的內容。Americansarestrugglingwithproblemsunheardofinthe1950s，美國人正在同許多問題做斗爭，這些問題在五十年代聞所未聞（unheardof），suchas表示例舉，說明classroomviolence是problems的一個例子，由此可得A選項“是聞所未聞的”正確。C的說法與A正好相反，bynomeans，絕非；rare，極少，雙重否定等于肯定，也就是說班級暴力在五十年代經常發(fā)生，是錯誤的；B的說法與A相互矛盾，既然聞所未聞，也就不可能投入關注；D有一定迷惑性，按照句意，班級暴力肯定存在于分析家的數據中，因為句頭就有datashow。但要注意，題目的開頭有一句Inthe1950s，也就是說班級暴力進入分析家的數據是在50年代。班級暴力在那時尚且聞所未聞，當然是不可能進入分析數據的。

5.事實細節(jié)題。由題干關鍵詞可以直接定位到最后一段，Moraldeclinewillnotbereverseduntilpeoplefindwaystocounterthematerialisminsociety（除非人們找到對抗社會上物質主義的方法，否則道德滑坡是不會逆轉的。）因此D選項“如果不太重視物質的東西”正確。A和C都是沒有提到的，B選項不是它的條件。

14.單選題

The______questioninthiscaseiswhethertheaccusedhadamotiveforthiscrimeornot.

問題1選項

A.crucial

B.forcible

C.supreme

D.valuable

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項crucial“決定性的”；B選項forcible“有說服力的”；C選項supreme“最高的；極大的，極其的”；D選項valuable“有價值的；重要的”。句意：這個案子的______問題是被告是否有犯罪動機。根據語境，A選項crucial“決定性的”比較符合犯罪動機在案件中的參考作用，符合題意。因此A選項正確。

15.單選題

Bycontrast,Americanmothersweremorelikely（

）theirchildren’ssuccess（

）naturaltalent.

問題1選項

A.tocontribute...to

B.toattribute...in

C.toattribute…to

D.tocontribute…in

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：相反地，美國母親更傾向于把他們孩子的成功（）天生的才能。這里根據固定搭配排除B、D；contributeto“有助于，促成”；attributeto“歸因于”，這里結合句意，答案應該選C，把自己孩子的成功歸因于天生的才能。

16.單選題

Therewasonlyasmall（）inthecity'spopulationoverthelasttenyears.

問題1選項

A.intimacy

B.immortality

C.increment

D.incidence

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項intimacy表示“性關系，親密；親昵行為”；B選項immortality表示“不朽，不滅”；C選項increment表示“增量，增加，盈余”；D選項incidence表示“發(fā)生率，影響，后果”。由句意“在過去十年里，這個城市的人口只有少量”可知，只有C項最符合句意。因此，本題正確答案為C項。

17.單選題

Creatingsomuchconfusion,Jasonrealizedhehadbettermake（

）whathewastryingtotelltheaudience.

問題1選項

A.exclusive

B.explicit

C.objective

D.obscure

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。exclusive“獨有的，排外的”；explicit“明確的，清楚的”；objective“客觀的”；obscure“不清楚的，隱蔽的”。句意：在造成諸多困惑后，杰森意識到自己最好把試圖告訴聽眾的事情弄清楚。由Creatingsomuchconfusion可知Jason最好是把這些困惑給弄清楚。答案B

18.單選題

Ifambitionistobewellregarded,therewardsofambitionhealth,distinction,controloverone’sdestinymustbedeemedworthyofthesacrificesmadeonambition’sbehalf.Ifthetraditionofambitionistohavevitality,itmustbewidelyshared;anditespeciallymustbehighlyregardedbypeoplewhoarethemselvesadmired,theeducatednotleastamongthem.Inanoddway,however,itistheeducatedwhohaveclaimedtohavegivenuponambitionasanideal.Whatisoddisthattheyhaveperhapsmostbenefitedfromambitionifnotalwaystheirownthenthatoftheirparentsandgrandparents.Thereisheavynoteofhypocrisyinthis,acaseofclosingthebamdoorafterthehorseshaveescapedwiththeeducatedthemselvesridingonthem.

Certainlypeopledonotseemlessinterestedinsuccessanditssignsnowthanformerly.Summerhomes,Europeantravel,BMWsthelocations,placenamesandnamebrandsmaychange,butsuchitemsdonotseemlessindemandtodaythanadecadeortwoyearsago.Whathashappenedisthatpeoplecannotconfessfullytotheirdreams,aseasilyandopenlyasoncetheycould,lesttheybethoughtpushing,acquisitiveandvulgar.Instead,wearetreatedtofinehypocriticalspectacles,whichnowmorethaneverseeminamplesupply;thecriticofAmericanmaterialismwithaSouthamptonsummerhome;thepublisherofradicalbookswhotakeshismealinthree-starrestaurants;thejournalistadvocatingparticipatorydemocracyinallphasesofl