課件02《定語從句》

02《定語從句》高考英語《語法》專題復(fù)習(xí)系列課件02《定語從句》高考英語《語法》專題復(fù)習(xí)系列課件（一）定義及相關(guān)術(shù)語1.定語從句：修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。定語從句一般緊跟在它所修飾的先行詞之后。（一）定義及相關(guān)術(shù)語1.定語從句：2.先行詞：被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞。3.關(guān)系詞：

引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞。2.先行詞：3.關(guān)系詞：關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系代詞有:that,which,who,whom,whose,as等關(guān)系副詞有:when,where,why關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系詞通常有下列三個作用：A.引導(dǎo)定語從句；B.代替先行詞；C.在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個成分。Themanwhoisshakinghandswithmyfatherisapoliceman.關(guān)系詞通常有下列三個作用：Themanwhoissh（二）關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句1.who

指人，在定語從句中作主語。TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.Thosewho

wanttogotothemuseummustbeattheschoolgateat7tomorrowmorning.（二）關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句1.who指人，在定語從句中YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwho

hadlosthisway.Thatistheteacherwhoteachesusphysics.YesterdayIhelpedanoldman2.whom

指人，在定語從句中做賓語，?？墒÷浴rLiuistheperson(whom)

youtalkedaboutonthebus.LiMingisjusttheboy(whom)Iwanttosee.2.whom指人，在定語從句中做賓語，常可省略。MrTheprofessor(whom)

youarewaitingforhascome.Thegirl(whom)

theteacheroftenpraisesisourmonitor.Theprofessor(whom)youare注意：關(guān)系代詞whom

在口語或非正式文體中?？捎脀ho

來代替，也可省略。Theman(whom/who)youmetjustnowismyoldfriend.注意：關(guān)系代詞whom在口語或非正式文體中常可用who3.which

指物，在定語從句中做主語或賓語，做賓語時常可省略。Footballisagamewhich

islikedbymostboys.Thefactorywhich

makescomputersisfarawayfromhere.3.which指物，在定語從句中做主語或賓語，做賓語時常Helikestoreadbookswhich

arewrittenbyforeignwriters.Thehousewhich

isbythelakelooksnice.Thisisthepen(which)

heboughtyesterday.Thefilm(which)

theywenttoseelastnightwasnotinterestingatall.Helikestoreadbookswhicha4．that指人時，相當(dāng)于who或

whom；指物時，相當(dāng)于which。在定語從句中作主語或賓語，作賓語時?？墒÷?。Thenumberofpeoplethat/who

cometovisitthiscityeachyearreachesonemillion.4．that指人時，相當(dāng)于who或whom；指物時，Whereisthemanthat/whom

Isawthismorning?Thepersonthat/whom

youintroducedtomeisverykind.Theseasonthat/which

comesafterspringissummer.Whereisthemanthat/whomIYesterdayIreceivedaletterthat/which

camefromAustralia.YesterdayIreceivedaletter5.whose

通常指人，也可指物，在定語從句中做定語。Ivisitedascientistwhose

nameisknownalloverthecountry.Hehasafriendwhose

fatherisadoctor.5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定語從句中做定語。Ioncelivedinthehousewhose

roofhasfallenin.注意：指物時，常用下列結(jié)構(gòu)來代替：Theclassroomwhose

doorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.Theclassroomthedoorofwhich

isbrokenwillsoonberepaired.IoncelivedinthehousewhosDoyoulikethebookwhose

coverisyellow?Doyoulikethebookthecoverofwhich

isyellow?Doyoulikethebookwhosecov（三）“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作介詞賓語時，從句常常由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引出。Theschool(which/that)

heoncestudiedinisveryfamous.（三）“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作Theschoolinwhich

heoncestudiedisveryfamous.TomorrowI’llbringherethemagazine(which/that)

youaskedfor.TomorrowI’llbringherethemagazineforwhich

youasked.TheschoolinwhichheoncestThisistheboy(whom/who/that)Iplayedtenniswithyesterday.Thisistheboywithwhom

Iplayedtennisyesterday.We’llgotohearthefamoussinger(whom/who/that)

wehaveoftentalkedabout.Thisistheboy(whom/who/We’llgotohearthefamoussingeraboutwhom

wehaveoftentalked.We’llgotohearthefamoussiThemanagerwhose

companyIworkinpaysmuchattentiontoimprovingourworkingconditions.Themanagerinwhose

companyIworkpaysmuchattentiontoimprovingourworkingconditions.ThemanagerwhosecompanyIwo注意：1.含有介詞的短語動詞一般不拆開，介詞仍放在短語動詞的后面。如：lookfor,lookafter,takecareof

等。Thisisthewatch(which/that)

Iamlookingfor.注意：Thisisthewatch(which/ThisisthewatchforwhichIamlooking.Thebabiesafter

whomthenurseislookingareveryhealthy.Thebabies(whom/who/that)

thenurseislookingafterareveryhealthy.ThisisthewatchforwhichI２.若介詞放在關(guān)系代詞前，關(guān)系代詞指人時只可用whom，不可用who,that；關(guān)系代詞指物時只可用which，不可用that。關(guān)系代詞是所有格時用whose。Themanwithwhomyoutalkedjustnowismyneighbour.２.若介詞放在關(guān)系代詞前，關(guān)系代詞指人時只可用whom，不可Themanwiththat/whoyoutalkedjustnowismyneighbour.TheplaneinwhichweflewtoCanadawasreallycomfortable.TheplaneinthatweflewtoCanadawasreallycomfortable.×√×Themanwiththat/whoyouta３.“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”前還可有some,any,none,all,both,neither,many,most,each,few等代詞或者數(shù)詞。Heloveshisparentsdeeply,bothofwhom

areverykindtohim.３.“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”前還可有some,any,noneInthebaskettherearequitemanyapples,someofwhich

havegonebad.Therearefortystudentsinourclassinall,mostofwhom

arefrombigcities.InthebaskettherearequiteUptonow,hehaswrittentenstories,threeofwhich

areaboutcountrylife.Uptonow,hehaswrittenten（四）關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句1.when指時間，在定語從句中作時間狀語。Istillrememberthedaywhen

Ifirstcametothisschool.Thetimewhen

wegottogetherfinallyarrived.（四）關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句1.when指時間，在定語從October1,1949wasthedaywhen

thePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfounded.Doyouremembertheyearswhen

helivedinthecountrysidewithhisgrandparents.October1,1949wasthedaywh2.where

指地點(diǎn)，在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。Shanghaiisthecitywhere

Iwasborn.Ivisitedthefarmwhere

alotofcowswereraised.Thehousewhere

Ilivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.2.where指地點(diǎn)，在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。ShanIsthistheplacewhere

theyfoughttheenemy?3.why

指原因，在定語從句中作原因狀語。Pleasetellmethereason

why

youmissedtheplane.Thereason

why

hewaspunishedisunknowntous.IsthistheplacewheretheyfIdon’tknowthereason

why

helooksunhappytoday.注意：關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句經(jīng)?？梢杂谩敖樵~+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句來表示。Fromtheyearswhen/inwhich

hewasgoingtoprimaryschoolinthecountryhehadknownwhathewantedtobewhenhegrewup.Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhe（五）限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句A.限制性定語從句形式上不用逗號“，”與主句隔開。用逗號“，”與主句隔開。意義上是先行詞不可缺少的定語，如刪除，主句則失去意義或意思表達(dá)不完整。（五）限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句A.限制性定語從句形式B.非限制性定語從句只是對先行詞的補(bǔ)充說明，如刪除，主句仍能表達(dá)完整的意思。譯法上譯成先行詞的定語“．．．的”通常譯成主句的并列句。

B.非限制性定語從句只是對先行詞的補(bǔ)充說明，如刪除，主句仍能關(guān)系詞的使用上A．作賓語時可省略B．不可省略A．可用that

B．不用thatA．可用who

代替whomB．不可用who

代替whom關(guān)系詞的使用上Greatchangesaretakingplaceinthecitywhere/inwhich

theylive.Thereasonwhy/forwhich

herefusedtheinvitationisquiteclear.GreatchangesaretakingplaceTheteachertoldmethatTomwastheonlypersonthat

Icoulddependon.Chinaisacountrywhich

hasalonghistory.InthestreetIsawamanwho

wasfromAfrica.限制性定語從句舉例：TheteachertoldmethatTomw非限制性定語從句舉例：Hismother,who

loveshimverymuch,isstrictwithhim.China,which

wasfoundedin1949,isbecomingmoreandmorepowerful.非限制性定語從句舉例：Hismother,wholoLastsummerIvisitedthePeople’sGreatHall,inwhich

manyimportantmeetingsareheldeveryyear.LastsummerIvisitedthePeop注意區(qū)分下列幾組句子的不同含義：1.Herbrotherwho

isnowasoldieralwaysencourageshertogotocollege.她那當(dāng)兵的哥哥總是鼓勵她上大學(xué).（意含：她還有其他哥哥。）注意區(qū)分下列幾組句子的不同含義：1.HerbrotheHerbrother,who

isnowasoldier,alwaysencourageshertogotocollege.她哥哥是當(dāng)兵的，他總是鼓勵她上大學(xué)。（意含：她只有一個哥哥。）Herbrother,whoisnowasold2.Allthebooksthat

havepicturesinthemarewellwritten.所有里面帶插圖的書都寫得很好。（意含：不帶插圖的書則不一定寫得好。）2.AllthebooksthathavepiAllthebooks,which

havepicturesinthem,arewellwritten.所有的書都帶插圖，這些書都寫得很好。（意含：沒有不帶插圖的書。）Allthebooks,whichhavepict（一）限制性定語從句中只能用that引導(dǎo)定語從句的情況1.當(dāng)先行詞是everything,

anything,nothing(something

除外),all,none,few,little,some等代詞時，或當(dāng)先行詞受every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等代詞修飾時。（一）限制性定語從句中只能用that引導(dǎo)定語從句的情況1.Haveyoutakendowneverything

that

Mr.Lisaid?Thereseemstobenothing

that

isimpossibletohimintheworld.Allthat

canbedonehasbeendone.HaveyoutakendowneverythingThereislittle

that

Icandoforyou.Hestayedinthelibraryandlookedupanyinformation

thattheyneeded.

ThereislittlethatIcandoAnymanthat/whohasasenseofdutywon’tdosuchathing.注意：當(dāng)先行詞指人時，偶爾也可用關(guān)系代詞who，Alltheguests

that/who

wereinvitedtoherweddingwereimportantpeople.Anymanthat/who

hasasenseofdutywon’tdosuchathing.Anymanthat/whohasasense2.當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾時。Thefirstplacethat

theyvisitedinLondonwastheBigBen.2.當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾時。Thefirstplace3.當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級修飾時。Thisisthebest

film

that

Ihaveeverseen.3.當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級修飾時。Thisistheb4．當(dāng)先行詞被thevery,theonly修飾時。Thisistheverydictionary

that

Iwanttobuy.Afterthefireinhishouse,theoldcaristheonlythingthatheowns.4．當(dāng)先行詞被thevery,theonly修飾時注意：當(dāng)先行詞指人時，通常用關(guān)系代詞who。WangHuaistheonlypersoninourschoolwho

willattendthemeeting.注意：當(dāng)先行詞指人時，通常用關(guān)系代詞who。WangHu5.當(dāng)先行詞前面有who,which

等疑問代詞時。Whoisthemanthat

isstandingbythegate?WhichistheT-shirtthat

fitsmemost?5.當(dāng)先行詞前面有who,which等疑問代詞時。Wh6.當(dāng)先行詞為人與動物或人與物時。Theytalkedaboutthepersonsandthings

that

theyrememberedatschoolLookatthemanandhisdonkey

that

arewalkingupthestreet.

6.當(dāng)先行詞為人與動物或人與物時。Theytalked（二）關(guān)系代詞as和which引導(dǎo)的定語從句as和which

引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時，其用法有相同之處，也有不同之處。具體情況是

1.as

和which都可以在定語從句中做主語或賓語，代表前面整個句子。（二）關(guān)系代詞as和which引導(dǎo)的定語從句as和whiHemarriedher,as/which

wasnatural.Heishonest,as/which

wecansee.Hemarriedher,as/whichwas2.as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句可以放在主句之前、主句之后，甚至還可以分割主句。which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句只可放在主句之后。另外，as常常有“正如、正像”的含義。As

isknowntoall,Chinaisadevelopingcountry.2.as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句可以放在主句之前、主句之后Heisfromthesouth,as

wecanknowfromhisaccent.John,as

youknow,isafamouswriter.ZhangHuahasbeentoParismorethantentimes,which

Idon’tbelieve.Heisfromthesouth,asweca注意：當(dāng)主句和從句之間存在著邏輯上的因果關(guān)系時，關(guān)系詞往往只用which。如：Tomwaslateforschoolagainandagain,which

madehisteacherveryangry.Thesetablesaremadeofmetal,which

madethemveryheavy.注意：當(dāng)主句和從句之間存在著邏輯上的因果關(guān)系時，關(guān)系詞往往只3.當(dāng)先行詞受such,thesame

修飾時，關(guān)系詞常用as。I’veneverheardsuchstoriesas

hetells.Heisnotsuchafoolas

helooks.ThisisthesamedictionaryasIlostlastweek.3.當(dāng)先行詞受such,thesame修飾時，關(guān)系詞常注意：當(dāng)先行詞受thesame

修飾時，偶爾也用that引導(dǎo)定語從句，但與as引導(dǎo)的定語從句意思有區(qū)別。Sheworethesamedressthat

sheworeatMary’swedding.Sheworethesamedressas

heryoungersisterwore.注意：當(dāng)先行詞受thesame修飾時，偶爾也用that(三)以theway為先行詞的限制性定語從句通常由inwhich或that引導(dǎo)，而且通常可以省略。Theway(that/inwhich)

heansweredthequestionswassurprising.(三)以theway為先行詞的限制性定語從句通常由inIdon’tliketheway

(that/inwhich)

youlaughather.（四）關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的選擇用關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語從句主要看關(guān)系詞在定語從句中的作用（即所擔(dān)當(dāng)?shù)某煞郑?Idon’tliketheway(that/iA.Iknowaplacewhere

wecanhaveapicnic.Iknowaplacewhich/that

isfamousforitsbeautifulnaturalscenery.Compare:A.Iknowaplacewhich/thatB.Iwillneverforgetthedayswhenwespentourholidaystogether.Iwillneverforgetthedaysthat/which

wespenttogether.B.IwillneverforgetthedC.Thisisthereasonwhyhewasdismissed.Thisisthereasonthat/which

heexplainedtomeforhisnotattendingthemeeting.C.Thisisthereasonthat/（五）but有時也用作關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)定語從句。Thereareveryfewbut

admirehistalents.

（but=whodon’t）（五）but有時也用作關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)定語從句。Therea（六）定語從句與同位語從句的區(qū)別1．定語從句修飾限定先行詞，它與先行詞是修飾關(guān)系；同位語從句說明先行詞的具體內(nèi)容，它與先行詞是同位關(guān)系。Theplanethat

hasjusttakenoffisforParis.（六）定語從句與同位語從句的區(qū)別1．定語從句修飾限定先行詞，Thefactthat

hehasalreadydiedisquiteclear.Thefactthathehasalreadyd2．定語從句由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)，關(guān)系詞在從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)相應(yīng)的句子成分，關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語時經(jīng)?？墒÷浴?．定語從句由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)，關(guān)系詞在從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)相應(yīng)同位語從句主要由連詞that引導(dǎo)，在從句中一般不擔(dān)當(dāng)成分；有時也由where,when,how,who,whether,what等連詞引導(dǎo)，這些連詞則在從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)成分。同位語從句主要由連詞thatThenewsthat

hetoldmeistrue.Thenewsthat

hehasjustdiedistrue.Theproblemthat

wearefacingnowishowwecancollectsomuchmoney.Theproblemhow

wecancollectsomuchmoneyisdifficulttosolve.ThenewsthathetoldmeistrThequestionthat

heraisedpuzzledallofus.Thequestionwhether

heissuretowinthegameishardtoanswer.Thequestionthatheraisedpu3．同位語從句與先行詞一般可以用動詞be發(fā)展成一個完整的句子,而定語從句則不能。A.Theideathathewecouldasktheteacherforadviceiswonderful.Theideawas

that

wecouldasktheteacherforadvice.3．同位語從句與先行詞一般可以用動詞be發(fā)展成一個完整的B.Thefactthat

theearthmovesaroundthesunisknowntoall.Thefactisthat

theearthmovesaroundthesun.B.ThefactthattheearthmovC.Payattentiontotheproblemhow

wecanprotectthewildanimals.Theproblemishow

wecanprotectthewildanimals.C.Payattentiontotheproble1.Dorothywasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,ofcourse,_____madetheothersunhappy.A.whichB.whoC.thisD.what1.Dorothywasalwaysspeaking2.AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltown_______hegrewupasachild.A.whichB.whenC.thatD.where2.AfterlivinginParisforf3.Thegentleman_______youtoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief.A.whoB.aboutwhomC.whomD.withwhom3.Thegentleman_______yout4.Pleasetakeanyseat____isfree.A.whichB.whereC.inwhichD.that4.Pleasetakeanyseat____i5.Theoldmanhastwosons,_______isasoldier.A.oneofwhomB.bothofthemC.allofwhomD.noneofthem5.Theoldmanhastwosons,6.Thisistheship_______wecrossedthePacific(太平洋).A.bywhichB.bythatC.whereD.inwhich6.Thisistheship_______we7.NewYorkisfamousforitssky-scrapers(摩天大樓)_____hasmorethan100storeys.A.thehigherofthemB.thehighestofwhichC.thehighestofthemD.someofwhich7.NewYorkisfamousforits8.Myhomevillageisnolongerthesame_____itusedtobe.A.whichB.asC.whereD.when8.Myhomevillageisnolonge9.IntheofficeIneverseemtohavetimeuntilafter5:30p.m.,______manypeoplehavegonehome.A.whosetimeB.thatC.atwhichD.bywhichtime9.IntheofficeIneverseem10.Theboy______compositionwonthefirstprizeistheyoungestinthegroup.A.whoB.whoseC.thatD.which10.Theboy______composition11.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,______wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.it11.Theweatherturnedoutto12.Mr.Wangisaboss,______factoryLiPingworked.A.inwhoseB.whoseC.inwhomD.ofwhich12.Mr.Wangisaboss,______13.Idon'tliketheway_____youspeaktoher.A./B.thatC.inwhichD.AllA,B,andC13.Idon'tliketheway_____14.Ishallneverforgettheyears_______Ilivedinthecountrywiththefarmers,——————hasagoodeffectonmylife.A.that,whichB.when,whichC.which,thatD.when,who14.Ishallneverforgetthey15._____isknowntoall,Chinawillbeanadvancedandpowerfulcountryin20or30year’stime.A.WhatB.ThatC.AsD.It15._____isknowntoall,Chi16.Isthisbook_____youwanttoborrowfromthelibrary?A.thatB.whichC.theoneD./16.Isthisbook_____youwan17.Suchabook______youshowedmeisdifficulttounderstand.A.thatB.whichC.asD.like17.Suchabook______yousho18.Thespeakerspokeofsomewritersandsomebooks_____werepopularthen.A./B.thatC.whichD.who18.Thespeakerspokeofsome19.Thisisthestore______wevisitedthefamousshopassistants.A.whereB.thereC.thatD.which19.Thisisthestore______w20.I’mgoingtospendmyholidayinBeijing,_____livemyoldparents.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.there20.I’mgoingtospendmyholi再見再見02《定語從句》高考英語《語法》專題復(fù)習(xí)系列課件02《定語從句》高考英語《語法》專題復(fù)習(xí)系列課件（一）定義及相關(guān)術(shù)語1.定語從句：修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。定語從句一般緊跟在它所修飾的先行詞之后。（一）定義及相關(guān)術(shù)語1.定語從句：2.先行詞：被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞。3.關(guān)系詞：

引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞。2.先行詞：3.關(guān)系詞：關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系代詞有:that,which,who,whom,whose,as等關(guān)系副詞有:when,where,why關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系詞通常有下列三個作用：A.引導(dǎo)定語從句；B.代替先行詞；C.在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個成分。Themanwhoisshakinghandswithmyfatherisapoliceman.關(guān)系詞通常有下列三個作用：Themanwhoissh（二）關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句1.who

指人，在定語從句中作主語。TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.Thosewho

wanttogotothemuseummustbeattheschoolgateat7tomorrowmorning.（二）關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句1.who指人，在定語從句中YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwho

hadlosthisway.Thatistheteacherwhoteachesusphysics.YesterdayIhelpedanoldman2.whom

指人，在定語從句中做賓語，?？墒÷?。MrLiuistheperson(whom)

youtalkedaboutonthebus.LiMingisjusttheboy(whom)Iwanttosee.2.whom指人，在定語從句中做賓語，?？墒÷?。MrTheprofessor(whom)

youarewaitingforhascome.Thegirl(whom)

theteacheroftenpraisesisourmonitor.Theprofessor(whom)youare注意：關(guān)系代詞whom

在口語或非正式文體中?？捎脀ho

來代替，也可省略。Theman(whom/who)youmetjustnowismyoldfriend.注意：關(guān)系代詞whom在口語或非正式文體中?？捎脀ho3.which

指物，在定語從句中做主語或賓語，做賓語時?？墒÷?。Footballisagamewhich

islikedbymostboys.Thefactorywhich

makescomputersisfarawayfromhere.3.which指物，在定語從句中做主語或賓語，做賓語時常Helikestoreadbookswhich

arewrittenbyforeignwriters.Thehousewhich

isbythelakelooksnice.Thisisthepen(which)

heboughtyesterday.Thefilm(which)

theywenttoseelastnightwasnotinterestingatall.Helikestoreadbookswhicha4．that指人時，相當(dāng)于who或

whom；指物時，相當(dāng)于which。在定語從句中作主語或賓語，作賓語時?？墒÷?。Thenumberofpeoplethat/who

cometovisitthiscityeachyearreachesonemillion.4．that指人時，相當(dāng)于who或whom；指物時，Whereisthemanthat/whom

Isawthismorning?Thepersonthat/whom

youintroducedtomeisverykind.Theseasonthat/which

comesafterspringissummer.Whereisthemanthat/whomIYesterdayIreceivedaletterthat/which

camefromAustralia.YesterdayIreceivedaletter5.whose

通常指人，也可指物，在定語從句中做定語。Ivisitedascientistwhose

nameisknownalloverthecountry.Hehasafriendwhose

fatherisadoctor.5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定語從句中做定語。Ioncelivedinthehousewhose

roofhasfallenin.注意：指物時，常用下列結(jié)構(gòu)來代替：Theclassroomwhose

doorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.Theclassroomthedoorofwhich

isbrokenwillsoonberepaired.IoncelivedinthehousewhosDoyoulikethebookwhose

coverisyellow?Doyoulikethebookthecoverofwhich

isyellow?Doyoulikethebookwhosecov（三）“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作介詞賓語時，從句常常由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引出。Theschool(which/that)

heoncestudiedinisveryfamous.（三）“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作Theschoolinwhich

heoncestudiedisveryfamous.TomorrowI’llbringherethemagazine(which/that)

youaskedfor.TomorrowI’llbringherethemagazineforwhich

youasked.TheschoolinwhichheoncestThisistheboy(whom/who/that)Iplayedtenniswithyesterday.Thisistheboywithwhom

Iplayedtennisyesterday.We’llgotohearthefamoussinger(whom/who/that)

wehaveoftentalkedabout.Thisistheboy(whom/who/We’llgotohearthefamoussingeraboutwhom

wehaveoftentalked.We’llgotohearthefamoussiThemanagerwhose

companyIworkinpaysmuchattentiontoimprovingourworkingconditions.Themanagerinwhose

companyIworkpaysmuchattentiontoimprovingourworkingconditions.ThemanagerwhosecompanyIwo注意：1.含有介詞的短語動詞一般不拆開，介詞仍放在短語動詞的后面。如：lookfor,lookafter,takecareof

等。Thisisthewatch(which/that)

Iamlookingfor.注意：Thisisthewatch(which/ThisisthewatchforwhichIamlooking.Thebabiesafter

whomthenurseislookingareveryhealthy.Thebabies(whom/who/that)

thenurseislookingafterareveryhealthy.ThisisthewatchforwhichI２.若介詞放在關(guān)系代詞前，關(guān)系代詞指人時只可用whom，不可用who,that；關(guān)系代詞指物時只可用which，不可用that。關(guān)系代詞是所有格時用whose。Themanwithwhomyoutalkedjustnowismyneighbour.２.若介詞放在關(guān)系代詞前，關(guān)系代詞指人時只可用whom，不可Themanwiththat/whoyoutalkedjustnowismyneighbour.TheplaneinwhichweflewtoCanadawasreallycomfortable.TheplaneinthatweflewtoCanadawasreallycomfortable.×√×Themanwiththat/whoyouta３.“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”前還可有some,any,none,all,both,neither,many,most,each,few等代詞或者數(shù)詞。Heloveshisparentsdeeply,bothofwhom

areverykindtohim.３.“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”前還可有some,any,noneInthebaskettherearequitemanyapples,someofwhich

havegonebad.Therearefortystudentsinourclassinall,mostofwhom

arefrombigcities.InthebaskettherearequiteUptonow,hehaswrittentenstories,threeofwhich

areaboutcountrylife.Uptonow,hehaswrittenten（四）關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句1.when指時間，在定語從句中作時間狀語。Istillrememberthedaywhen

Ifirstcametothisschool.Thetimewhen

wegottogetherfinallyarrived.（四）關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句1.when指時間，在定語從October1,1949wasthedaywhen

thePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfounded.Doyouremembertheyearswhen

helivedinthecountrysidewithhisgrandparents.October1,1949wasthedaywh2.where

指地點(diǎn)，在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。Shanghaiisthecitywhere

Iwasborn.Ivisitedthefarmwhere

alotofcowswereraised.Thehousewhere

Ilivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.2.where指地點(diǎn)，在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。ShanIsthistheplacewhere

theyfoughttheenemy?3.why

指原因，在定語從句中作原因狀語。Pleasetellmethereason

why

youmissedtheplane.Thereason

why

hewaspunishedisunknowntous.IsthistheplacewheretheyfIdon’tknowthereason

why

helooksunhappytoday.注意：關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句經(jīng)常可以用“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句來表示。Fromtheyearswhen/inwhich

hewasgoingtoprimaryschoolinthecountryhehadknownwhathewantedtobewhenhegrewup.Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhe（五）限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句A.限制性定語從句形式上不用逗號“，”與主句隔開。用逗號“，”與主句隔開。意義上是先行詞不可缺少的定語，如刪除，主句則失去意義或意思表達(dá)不完整。（五）限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句A.限制性定語從句形式B.非限制性定語從句只是對先行詞的補(bǔ)充說明，如刪除，主句仍能表達(dá)完整的意思。譯法上譯成先行詞的定語“．．．的”通常譯成主句的并列句。

B.非限制性定語從句只是對先行詞的補(bǔ)充說明，如刪除，主句仍能關(guān)系詞的使用上A．作賓語時可省略B．不可省略A．可用that

B．不用thatA．可用who

代替whomB．不可用who

代替whom關(guān)系詞的使用上Greatchangesaretakingplaceinthecitywhere/inwhich

theylive.Thereasonwhy/forwhich

herefusedtheinvitationisquiteclear.GreatchangesaretakingplaceTheteachertoldmethatTomwastheonlypersonthat

Icoulddependon.Chinaisacountrywhich

hasalonghistory.InthestreetIsawamanwho

wasfromAfrica.限制性定語從句舉例：TheteachertoldmethatTomw非限制性定語從句舉例：Hismother,who

loveshimverymuch,isstrictwithhim.China,which

wasfoundedin1949,isbecomingmoreandmorepowerful.非限制性定語從句舉例：Hismother,wholoLastsummerIvisitedthePeople’sGreatHall,inwhich

manyimportantmeetingsareheldeveryyear.LastsummerIvisitedthePeop注意區(qū)分下列幾組句子的不同含義：1.Herbrotherwho

isnowasoldieralwaysencourageshertogotocollege.她那當(dāng)兵的哥哥總是鼓勵她上大學(xué).（意含：她還有其他哥哥。）注意區(qū)分下列幾組句子的不同含義：1.HerbrotheHerbrother,who

isnowasoldier,alwaysencourageshertogotocollege.她哥哥是當(dāng)兵的，他總是鼓勵她上大學(xué)。（意含：她只有一個哥哥。）Herbrother,whoisnowasold2.Allthebooksthat

havepicturesinthemarewellwritten.所有里面帶插圖的書都寫得很好。（意含：不帶插圖的書則不一定寫得好。）2.AllthebooksthathavepiAllthebooks,which

havepicturesinthem,arewellwritten.所有的書都帶插圖，這些書都寫得很好。（意含：沒有不帶插圖的書。）Allthebooks,whichhavepict（一）限制性定語從句中只能用that引導(dǎo)定語從句的情況1.當(dāng)先行詞是everything,

anything,nothing(something

除外),all,none,few,little,some等代詞時，或當(dāng)先行詞受every,any,all,some,