新視野大學(xué)英語讀寫教程第一冊(cè)課文unit7-8

Unit7SectionAPre-readingActivitiesFirstListeningHavingideasaboutastorybeforeyoureaditisanimportantreadingskill.Pleaselistentoaveryshortpieceofrecording.SecondListeningNowlistentotherecordingforthesecondtimeandtrytothebestofyourabilitytoanswerthefollowingquestions.Howmanythingsdidthethievesstealfromtheman?Whatwerethey?Whatsavedtheman'slife?Whatistheragingriver?FacetoFacewithGunsLikemostcityfolks,I'mcautious.Iscanthestreetandpathwaysforanything—oranyone——unusualbeforepullingintothegarage.Thatnightwasnoexception.But,asIwalkedoutofthegarage,KFCchickeninhand,aportly,unshavenyoungmaninastockingcapanddarknylonjacketemergedfromtheshrubbytheparkingpadandputhispistolbetweenmyeyes."Giveitup,mother—hethreatened."Giveitup.""Hey,"Isaid,"justtakeit."AsIspoke,IsettheKFCboxontheplanterbesidethepathway,contrivingasIdidsototossmyhousekeysintoabush."Where'syourmoney?Where'syourmoney?"hebarked.Everythinghesaidduringourencounterwasrepeated;instinctively,Ididthesame."It'sinmywallet.It'sinmywallet,"Isaid.Hemovedbehindme,puthisgunonmyneckandbegantosearchmytrousers'pockets."Where'syourwallet?"heasked."It'sinmybackpocket.""Where'stherestofyourmoney?""Idon'thaveanymoremoney.""Where'syourwatch?""Here,"Ireplied,extendingmyleftarmsideways.Justthen,hispartnerappeared.Slightandshorter;heheldanenlargedbluesteelpistol.Hisdarkeyesshonelikepolishedglass;hisarmsandlegsmovedunexpectedly,asifattachedtounseenwires.Hisvoicesnapped,"Stoplookingatus.Stoplookingatus."Hewasn'tstupid.I'veseenenoughcriminaltrialstoknowvictimsofarmedattacksareseldomabletoidentifytheiroffendersbecausetheirattentionfocusesonthegunszratherthanontheirusers.Iconsciouslynoteddetailsoftheirfaces.'Tmnotlookingatyou/'Iliedasthebigonerippedthewatchfrommywrist."Getdown.Getdown/'thethinoneordered.Hegrabbedmyglassesandtossedthemontothelawn.Bythen,Iwasflatonmyfaceonthepathway,itsdirtagainstmyforehead.Thebigone'sgundugintothebackofmyhead,thethinone'spistolintomylefttemple.Ithought,"Iamgoingtodie.ThisisgoingtokillLeslie.Lord,havemercyonme,asinner.""What'sthis?"thebigoneasked.Irolledmyheadtotheright."It'sKFCchicken,"Isaid."We'lltakeit,"thebigonesnapped.And,suddenly-wallet,watchandchickeninhand-theirfootstepsfadeddownthedarkenedstreet.Iturnedtoseetheirshadowsgetintoacarandspeedaway.Ihadbeenspared,butbywhat?Mercy?Ashortattentionspan?Hunger?"Howpeculiar;"Ithought,"tohaveyourlifesavedbyfriedchicken.Isaweternity;theysawfood."Igottomyfeet,foundthekeys,enteredandcalled911.Theoperatortookadescriptionoftherobbersandsentapolicecar.Ipouredastiffdrinkand,soon,twouniformedofficersoftheLAPDarrived.Theytookareportandadmittedthe"importantthing"wasnobodywashurt."But,"oneofficersaidonleaving,"takingyourchicken,that'srough."Later,anofficertelephonedforadditionaldetails.Hesaidthepair'smethodssuggestedtheymightbethesamemenwhohadcommittedanumberofrobberiesintheareaoverthepastfewmonths.Heaskedmetocometothestationandlookthroughmugshots.So,lastMondayIlookedthroughalbum-sizedbooksofpicturesmostlyofyoungmen-anamazingnumberofthemactuallychildren.Turningthosepagesandstudyingtheirphotographsislikeflowingonasadcurrentthat,likeBlake'sThames,seemsto"markineveryface,marksofweakness,marksofwoe."Together,theseyoungmenareakindofriver——onethatisoutofcontrol,eatingatthefoundationsofthingsweholddear:ourfreedomtomoveabout;thefruitsoflabor;ourownlivesandthoseofpeoplewevalue.Someday,wewillhavetofacethisriverandseekthedepthsofitsdiscontent.Presently,allwecandoislookatmugshotsandstickourfingersinthedam.Words:687NEWWORDScautiousa.takinggreatcaretoescapepossibledanger十分小心的,謹(jǐn)’慎的unusuala.notexpectedorusua!異乎尋常的,不平常的exceptionn.apersonorthingthatisnotincluded除タト,例外;除外的人或事shavev.removehairfromthefaceoranotherpartofthebodywitharazor剃胡須,剃去 ヒ的毛發(fā)unshavena.notrecentlyshaved未剃須的,未修面的,有短髭的stockingn.（usu.pl.）長(zhǎng)（統(tǒng)）襪,襪子stockingcap圓錐形絨線帽,針織帽nylona.&n.耐綸（制的）,尼龍的;耐綸織品,尼龍織品▲shrubn.asmallbush灌木padn.l.（停車的）地方,（簡(jiǎn)易機(jī)場(chǎng)的）飛機(jī)起落段2.墊,襯墊▲pistoln.asmallgunthatoneholdsinonehand手槍▲contrivev.managetodoormakesomethingalthoughtherearedifficulties設(shè)法做到▲tossvt.throwintoorthroughtheair扔,ザセ,擲barkv.1.speaktosomeoneinaloudvoicewithanangryoraggressivetone厲聲地說,咆哮2.（usedaboutdogs）makealoud,shortnoiseornoises（狗）吠,叫instinctn.naturalhabitofbehavinginaparticularway,withoutthinkingandwithouthavingbeentaught本能,天性instinctivelyad.（出于）本能地,（出于）天性地▲walletn.asmallcasemadeofcloth,animalskinorplastic,etc.carriedinthepocketandusedforholdingpapermoney,personalpapers,etc.皮夾子trousersn.（尤指男子穿的）長(zhǎng)褲,西（裝）褲sideway（s）ad.toortowardsoneside（斜）向ー邊（或ー側(cè)）,向旁邊slighta.1.thinandlight瘦小的small;notgreat;notverybad少量的;輕微的:不嚴(yán)重的enlargevt.makesth.larger擴(kuò)大,擴(kuò)展,使增大polishv.1.makesth.smoothandshinybyrubbing擦,擦光,擦亮2.improve使完美,改進(jìn)unexpecteda.notexpected;sudden沒有料到的,突如其來的unexpectedlyad.inawaythatisnotexpected沒有料到地，突如其來地attachvt.tieorjoinsth.tosth.else系,貼;連接criminala.againstlaw犯罪的,犯法的,刑事的n.apersonwhoisatfaultinacrime罪犯victimn.apersonwhosuffersharmordeathasaresultofsomeoneelse'sactionoranaturalterribleevent,etc.受害者,犧牲者offend1.breakalaw,etc.違法,違犯makesomeonefeelupsetorangry冒犯,觸怒offenderapersonwhooffendsagainstthelaw犯法的人，犯規(guī)的人userapersonwhousesparticulargoods,machinesorservices使用者,用戶detail(oftenpl.)asmallpartorpiece細(xì)節(jié),詳情▲ripvt.removesth.withspeedandviolence,usingone'shands;tear猛カ扯掉,移去或去除wristthepartofone'sarmatthejointbetweenhandandforearm腕,腕美!？lawnanareaofgrassinagardenorparkthatisregularlycut草坪，草地dirtmatterthatisnotclean,suchasdustorwetearth污物，爛泥,灰塵foreheadthepartofthefaceabovetheeyebrows額，冃「額templeeitheroftheflatpartsofone'sheadatthesideoftheforehead太や日:/こlord(intheChristianfaith)GodorJesusChrist上帝，耶穌基督mercykindnesstosb.慈悲,憐憫,仁慈sinwrong;awickedact,especiallyonethatbreaksareligiouslaw(違背道德規(guī)范的)罪;罪惡;(違犯宗教戒律的)罪孽dowrongtocommitasin違反教規(guī),違犯戒律,犯罪sinnerapersonwhosins（宗教、道德上的）罪人footstepthesoundmadebywalking腳步（聲）spanthefulltimeforwhichanythinglasts一段時(shí)間,持續(xù)時(shí)間fryvt.cookinhotoilorfat油煎,油炒eternala.withoutend;lastingforever永恒的,永久的,不斷的Aeternityn.1.thestateortimeafterdeath不朽,來世2.timewithoutend永恒，無窮operatorn.1.someonewhoconnectstelephonecalls電話接線員,機(jī)務(wù)員,話務(wù)員2.someonewhoworksamachine操作貝,技工robvt.stealfromaperson,place,etc,搶劫robbern.apersonwhostealsfromaperson,place,etc.搶劫者;強(qiáng)盜,盜賊robberyn.thecrimeofstealingfromaperson,place,etc.搶劫罪,搶劫（案）stiffa.1.（usedaboutalcoholicdrink）strong（酒）濃的，烈性的Veryfirm;noteasilybentorfolded;rigid僵硬的,挺的,不易彎曲的additionala.extra額外的,另外的currentn.acontinuousflowingmovementofwater,air,etc.（水、空氣等的）流，潮流a.fromoraboutthepresenttime現(xiàn)時(shí)的,當(dāng)前的■woen.[U]greatsadness哀愁foundationn.1.theidea,law,orfactonwhichsth.isbased基礎(chǔ),基本原理,根據(jù)2.anorganizationestablishedwithmoneysothatitmaycontinueintothefuture基金會(huì)3.theactoffoundingsth,建立,設(shè)立presentlyad.1.now現(xiàn)在,目前2.soon不久,一會(huì)兒damn.awallbuiltacrossarivertoholdbackthewaterandformalakebehindit壩，堤PHRASESANDEXPRESSIONSfacetoface(with)closetoandlookingatsomeoneorsomething面對(duì)面的/地noescapefromsth.andhaveingtodealwithit無法逃避，只能去處理pullintoarriveandstop;moveto(oneside)(車)停靠;駛向(ー旁等)asifwiththeappearanceof;apparently好像attachtofixsth.tosth.else;jointo系在 上:連接到 上ratherthaninsteadof;lesslikely而不havemercyonsomeoneshowkindnesstoanenemy,sinner,onewhodoeswrong,etc.可憐某人gettoone'sfeetstandup站起來lookthroughlookquicklyin;examineorstudycarefully瀏覽;仔細(xì)檢查beoutofcontrolbeimpossibletodealwithorguide失去控制eat(away)atdamageordestroybitbybit逐漸毀掉,侵蝕PROPERNAMESKFCKentuckyFriedChicken肯德基炸雞連鎖店Leslie萊斯利（人名）LAPDtheLosAngelesPoliceDepartment洛杉磯警察局Blake布萊克（1757-1827,英國詩人和版畫家）SectionBShouldIHaveaGun?Iownablackgunwithabrownhandle.Itholdsfivebulletsandstaysloadedbymybed.I'vealwaysadvocatedguncontrol;theoddthingisIstilldo.Itwasn'tignoranceofcrimestatisticsthatpreviouslykeptmefromowningagunnorthinkingIwasimmunetoviolence.Whatisthepurposeforthewritertohavealoadedgunsincesheisinfavorofguncontrol?IassumedbecauseIdidn'tbelieveinviolence,becauseIwasn'tviolent,Iwouldn'tbeaffectedbyviolence.Ibelievedmybeliefinthebestofhumannaturecouldmakeitreal.Ishouldtransportthegunfrommyresidencetomyvehicle,butIdon't.Whattheguniscapableof,whatitisintendedfor;stillfrightensmemorethanwhatitmayprevent.IfIcarrymygunandIamattacked,Imustuseittokill,notjustinjure.Whydidthewriterchoosenottotakehergunalongwithhersinceshehashergunloaded?Ihaveconfrontedanattackerinmyimagination,notinreality.Amaniswalkingdownthestreet.Ilockmycarandwalktomyapartmentwithmykeyready.BeforeIreachthedoor,IthinkIhearavoicesay,money.BeforeIopenthedoorIhearavoiceandturntoseethemanwithagun.Heisfrightened.IamfrightenedIwillscarehimandhewillshoot,orIwillgivehimmymoneyandhewillstillshoot.IamalsoangrybecauseagunispointedatmebysomeoneI'venevermetandneverhurt.Somethingmakesmeuncomfortableaboutthisimaginedrobbery,somethingIdon'twanttoadmit,somethingIalmostintentionallyomittedbecauseIamashamed.What,doyouthink,isthesomethingthatmakesthewriterfeeluncomfortable?IunderstandwhyIimaginedbeingrobbedbyaman:They'rephysicallymoredominatingandI'veneverheardofanyonebeingrobbedbyafemale.Butwhyisheablackman?WhyisheaNegromalewithawornT-shirtandshiningeyes?Whyishenotawhiteman?Whyisitthatthewriter'simaginedrobberisalwaysamanandespeciallyablackman?IimaginestandinginagasstationonClaiborneandJacksonwaitingtopaythecashierwhenablackmanwalksupbehindme.Idonotturnaround.Istareaheadwaitingtopay.ItrynottorevealIfeelanxietyjustbecauseablackmanhaswalkedupbehindmeinagasstationinabadneighborhoodandhedoesnothaveacar.Whatdoesabadneighborhoodmeanhere?Iimagineanotherpossibility.IamwalkingwithmyguninmyhandwhenIhearthevoice.Themanmustn'thaveseenmygun.IgetangrybecauseIamthreatened,becausesomeoneisendangeringmylifeforthemoneyinmypocket.Iturnandwithoutreallythinking,angryandfrightened,Ishoot.Ikillamanfor$50orperhaps$100,Itdoesn'tmatterthathewastryingtorobme.Amanhasdiedformoney,notmymoneyorhismoney,justmoney.Whoputthatpriceonhislife?Whatisthewriter'slevelofcomfortwithkillingarobberinself-defense?Irememberdrivingonenightwithmyfriendinherparents'automobile.WestoppedataredlightatCarltonandTulanewhereablackmanwascrossingthestreetinfrontofus.Myfriendautomaticallylockedthedoors.Iamdisgustedshesawthemanasaremindertolockherdoors.Iwonderifhenoticedusdoingso.Iwonderhowitfeelswhenpeoplelocktheirdoorsatthesightofyou.Whatdoesthewriterintendtosaywhenshefindsherfriendlockingthedoorsatthesightofablackman?Iimagineanotherconfrontationinfrontofmyapartment.Ihavemygunwhenamanasksformoney.Iamangryandscared,butIdonotusethegun.IfearwhatmayhappenifIdon'tuseit,butammoreafraidofkillinganotherhumanbeing,moreafraidoftryingtolivewiththeguiltofmurderinganotherperson.Ibetmylifethathewilltakemymoneyandleave.IhopeIwin.Whatdoes"IhopeIwin"mean?NowIenteragasolinestationnearmyhouse.Ablackmanisalreadywaitinginline.Hejumpsandturnsaround.Seeingme,herelaxesandsaysIscaredhimbecauseofthewaythingshavebecomeinthisneighborhood.Sorry,Isayandsmile.IrealizeI'mnottheonlyonewhoisfrightened.Words:700NEWWORDShandlen.apartofsomethingthatisusedforholdingoropeningit柄,把手vt.dealwithorcontro!處理,處置,操縱bulletn.asmallroundedpieceofmetalwithapointedendthatisfiredfromagun槍彈,子彈advocatevt.adviseorsaythatyousupportaparticularplanoraction主張，擁護(hù)，提倡n.apersonwhosupportsaparticularplanoraction,especiallyinpublic擁護(hù)者，提倡者odda.strange;unusual;peculiar奇怪的;奇特的ignorancelackofinformationorknowledge無知，不知crimewrongmoralbehavioringeneral;somethingwhichisagainstthelaw罪,罪行statistics1.collectedinformationshowninnumbers統(tǒng)計(jì)資料;統(tǒng)計(jì)2.（withsingularv.）thescienceofcollectingandexaminingthesenumbersforpatterns統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)ingorhappeningbeforeorearlier以前的，先冃〇?的previouslyad.beforethepresenttime以前，先前（地）violencen.greatroughnessandforce,especiallythatdestroys,injuresordamages暴力（行為）,強(qiáng)暴（行為）,猛烈violenta.having,using,orshowinggreatforce暴力的,強(qiáng)暴的，猛烈的affectvt.1.influenceorcausesb./sth.tochangeinaparticularway影響2.causesb.tofeelverysad,angry,etc.(在感情方面)打動(dòng),震動(dòng)transportvt.movesb./sth.fromoneplacetoanother(inavehicle)運(yùn)送,搬運(yùn)residencen.aperson'shome;thegrandhouseofsomeoneimportant住處,住宅,大宅capablea.1.havingtheabilityoforqualityfordoingsth.能 的,有 能力的2.having(especiallypractical)ability;able有能力的;有才能的intendv.1.plan,meanormakesth.foraparticularpersonorpurpose(為 而)準(zhǔn)備，扌了算使 成為2.planormeantodosth.想要,打算,計(jì)劃injurevt.harmorhurtaperson,ananimalorpartofthebody傷害,損害confrontvt.1.faceormeetanenemy,difficulty,etc.與 相對(duì),面臨，遭遇2.makesb.faceorconsidersomeoneorsomethingunpleasant,difficult,etc,使面無寸,使面I臨，使當(dāng)面作證imaginationn.somethingonlyexistingorhappeninginthemind,notinphysicallife想像力,想像的事物realityn.thatwhichisactualorphysicalandnotimagined現(xiàn)頭,實(shí)際apartmentn.1.aroom房?jī)?.aflat;asetofroomsforlivingin一套公寓房間intentionn.whatsomeoneintendsormeanstodo;aplanorpurpose意圖，打算，目的intentionallyad.onpurpose;notbychance故意地,有意地omitvt.notincludesomething排除，省略dominatevt.havecontrolover(aplaceoraperson),orbethemostimportantpersonorthing支酉己,統(tǒng)治,在……中占首要地位femalen.&a.awomanoragirl;ananimalthatcanproducebabiesfromitsownbody女，性(的);雌性動(dòng)物Negron.(offensive)apersonbelongingto,orbornfrom,theblack-skinnedracesofAfrica(含岐視意味)黑人,具有黑人血統(tǒng)的人malen.&a,amanoraboy;ananimalthatcannothavebabies男性(的);雄性動(dòng)物gasn.1.(=gasoline)theliquidthatisusedasfuelformotorvehiclessuchascarsandairplanes汽油2.aformofmatterthatislikeair氣,氣體cashiern.thepersoninabank,shop,gasstation,etc.thatcustomerspaymoneytoorgetmoneyfrom出納員,收銀員revealvt.makesth.known;show;allowtobeseen揭小,展現(xiàn)，使顯露anxietyn.afeelingofworryorfear焦慮，擔(dān)憂neighborhood(英neighbourhood)n.aparticularpartofatownandthepeoplewholivethere地段,地區(qū),居民點(diǎn)possibilityn.somethingthatmighthappenorbetrue;somethingthatispossible;thestateofbeingpossible可能的事,可能的情況;可能(性)automobile(縮auto)n.acar汽車automatica.1.(usedaboutamachine)thatcanworkbyitselfwithoutdirecthumancontrol自動(dòng)的，以自動(dòng)裝置完成的(usedaboutactions)donewithoutthinkingorlikeamachine不經(jīng)思索的，機(jī)械的automaticallyad.1.withoutthinkingaboutwhatisbeingdone不加思索地,無意識(shí)地bytheactionofamachine,withoutapersonmakingitwork自動(dòng)地guiltn.1.thefeelingofhaveingdonesth.wrong內(nèi)疚2.thefactofhavingbrokenalaw罪,犯罪guiltya.1.havingbrokenalaw;beingresponsiblefordoingsth.wrong有罪的;證明（或判決）有罪的2.showingorhavingthefeelingofhavingdonesth.wrong自知有過失的,內(nèi)疚的betv.1.riskmoneyontheresultofarace,game,match,orafutureevent以（錢、物等）打賭2.beverycertain確信,敢說gasolinen.theliquidthatisusedasfuelformotorvehiclessuchascarsandairplanes汽油PHRASESANDEXPRESSIONSbeimmunetonotbeaffectedby不受 影響的,對(duì) 有免疫力的believeinconsider（sth.）tobeofworthortobetrue;havefaithortrustin相信 可行,相信 的真實(shí)性,信任,信仰becapableofbeabletodo有能力做,能做hearoflearnabout;gaininformationabout聽說infrontofinapositionfurtherforwardthanbutclosetosb./sth.;inthecompanyofsb.在 前面;在……面前atthesightofwhenseeing一看見PROPERNAMESClaiborne克萊爾本街（地名）Jackson杰克遜街（地名）Carlton卡爾頓街（地名）Tulane圖蘭街（地名）Unit8SectionAPre-readingActivitiesFirstListeningHavingideasaboutastorybeforeyoureaditisanimportantreadingskill.Pleaselistentoaveryshortpieceofrecording.SecondListeningNowlistentotherecordingforthesecondtimeandtrytothebestofyourabilitytoanswerthefollowingquestions.Wheredogoodideascomefrom?Howmanyexamplesorwaysofgettinggoodideasarediscussed?HowdidWagnergettheideaforthebeginningofhismusic?BirthofBrightIdeasNosatisfactorywayexiststoexplainhowtoformagoodidea.Youthinkaboutaproblemuntilyou'retired,forgetit,maybesleeponit,andthenflash!Whenyouaren'tthinkingaboutit,suddenlytheanswerarrivesasagiftfromthegods.Ofcourse,allideasdon'toccurlikethatbutsomanydo,particularlythemostimportantones.Theyburstintothemind,glowingwiththeheatofcreation.Howtheydoitisamysterybuttheymustcomefromsomewhere.Let'sassumetheycomefromthe"unconscious."Thisisreasonable,forpsychologistsusethistermtodescribementalprocesseswhichareunknowntotheindividual.Creativethoughtdependsonwhatwasunknownbecomingknown.Allofushaveexperiencedthissuddenarrivalofanewidea,butitiseasiesttoexamineitinthegreatcreativepersonalities,manyofwhomexperienceditinanintensifiedformandhavewrittenitdownintheirlifestoriesandletters.Onecandrawexamplesfromgeniusinanyfield,fromreligion,philosophy,andliteraturetoartandmusic,eveninmathematics,science,andtechnicalinvention,althoughtheseareoftenthoughttodependonlyonlogicandexperiment.Alltrulycreativeactivitiesdependinsomedegreeonthesesignalsfromtheunconscious,andthemorehighlyinsightfultheperson,thesharperandmoredramaticthesignalsbecome.TaketheexampleofRichardWagnercomposingtheopeningto"Rhinegold".Wagnerhadbeenoccupiedwiththeideaofthe"Ring"forseveralyears,andformanymonthshadbeenstrugglingtobegincomposing.OnSeptember4,1853,hereachedSpeziasick,wenttoahotel,couldnotsleepfornoisewithoutandfeverwithin,tookalongwalkthenextday,andintheafternoonflunghimselfonacouchintendingtosleep.Thenatlastthemiraclehappenedforwhichhisunconsciousmindhadbeenseekingforsolong.Fallingintoasleeplikecondition,hesuddenlyfeltasthoughheweresinkinginamightyfloodofwater;andtherushandroarsoontookmusicalshapewithinhisbrain.Herecognizedthattheorchestralopeningtothe"Rhinegold",whichhemusthavecarriedaboutwithinhimyethadneverbeenabletoputitintoform,hadatlasttakenitsshapewithinhim.Inthisexample,theconsciousmindatthemomentofcreationknewnothingoftheactualprocessesbywhichthesolutionwasfound.Asacontrast,wemayconsiderafamousstory:thediscoverybyHenriPoincare,thegreatFrenchmathematician,ofanewmathematicalmethodcalledtheFuchsianfunctions.Hereweseetheconsciousmind,inapersonofhighestability,actuallywatchingtheunconsciousatwork.Forweeks,hesatathistableeverydayandspentanhourortwotryingagreatnumberofcombinationsbuthearrivedatnoresult.Onenighthedranksomeblackcoffee,contrarytohisusualhabit,andwasunabletosleep.Manyideaskeptsurginginhishead;hecouldalmostfeelthempushingagainstoneanother,untiltwoofthemcombinedtoformastablecombination.Whenmorningcame,hehadestablishedtheexistenceofoneclassofFuchsianfunctions.Hehadonlytoprovetheresults,whichtookonlyafewhours.Here,weseetheconsciousmindobservingthenewcombinationsbeingformedintheunconscious,whiletheWagnerstoryshowsthesuddenexplosionofanewconceptintoconsciousness.AthirdtypeofcreativeexperienceisexemplifiedbythedreamswhichcametoDescartesattheageoftwenty-threeanddeterminedhislifepath.Descarteshadunsuccessfullysearchedforcertainty,firstintheworldofbooks,andthenintheworldofmen.TheninadreamonNovember10,1619,hemadethesignificantdiscoverythathecouldonlyfindcertaintyinhisownthoughts,cogitoergosum("Ithink;therefore,Iexist*1).Thisdreamfilledhimwithintensereligiousenthusiasm.Wagner's,Poincare's,andDescartes'experiencesarerepresentativeofcountlessothersineveryfieldofculture.Theunconsciousiscertainlythesourceofinstinctiveactivity.Butincreativethoughttheunconsciousisresponsiblefortheproductionofneworganizedformsfromrelativelydisorganizedelements.Words:707NEWWORDSsatisfactorya.goodenoughtobepleasing,orforapurpose,rule,standard,etc.令人ア兩意的flashvi.1.(ofanidea)comesuddenly突然產(chǎn)生(想法、靈感)2.moveveryfast飛馳,掠過particularlyad.especially特別是ducelightandheatwithoutfire發(fā)光,發(fā)熱2.showstrongorwarmcolor呈現(xiàn)鮮艷的顏色▲creationn.creating創(chuàng)造mysteryn.somethingthatisnotfullyunderstood謎reasonablea.showingcommonsense;fair合理的,適當(dāng)?shù)膒sychologistn.apersontrainedandeducatedtoperformpsychologicalresearch,testingandtreatment心理學(xué)家processn.aconnectedsetofactionsoreventsthatproducecontinuationorslowchange過程，進(jìn)程individualn.ahumanbeingregardedasunique個(gè)體,個(gè)人personalityn.1.apersonwhoiswell-knowntothepublic名人2.thequalityorconditionofbeingaperson人的品質(zhì)或條件▲intensifyv.makeorbecomestronger增強(qiáng),加強(qiáng)geniusn.1.[C]apersonofexceptionalnaturalability天才2.[U]strongnaturalability天賦religionn.beliefintheexistenceofagodorgodsoracreativeforceofgreaterpoweroutsideofone'sself宗教philosophyn.thesearchforknowledgeandunderstandingofthenatureandmeaningofallthenaturalworldincludinghumanlife哲學(xué)inventionn.1.theactionofcreatingsomethingnew發(fā)明somethingcreated發(fā)明物logicn.thescienceofthinkingaboutorexplainingthereasonsforsth.邏輯;邏輯學(xué)trulyad.1.really;completely真正地2.honestly;exactlyasdescribed真誠地,真心地highlyad.very;toanunusuallygreatdegree非‘吊dramatica.1.sudden,exciting,notexpected弓I人注H的2.aboutdramaoracting戲劇的;演戲的composev.createorproduce(awrittenormusicalpiece)倉リ作(文字或音樂)occupyvt.1.engage,employ,orbusy(oneself)把注意力集中于 2.fillup(timeorspace)占用(時(shí)間或空間)▲flingvt.1.throwwithforce猛扔,拋2.moveoneselforpartofone'sbodysuddenlyorforcefully猛烈地移動(dòng),急動(dòng)▲couchn.alongcomfortableseat;asofa沙發(fā)miraclen.anactoreventthatcannotbeexplainedbyknownlawsofnature奇跡▲mightya.havingorshowinggreatpower,skill,strength,orforce強(qiáng)大的,巨大的recognizevt.1.realizeorbeawarethatsth.existsoristrue注意到,認(rèn)識(shí)到identifyaspreviouslyknown;knowsth.orsb.隊(duì)出orchestrala.oforbyalargegroupofmusicianswhoplayvariousmusicalinstrumentstogether管弦樂的,管弦樂隊(duì)的contrastn.(with,between)unlikenessordifferenceshownbycomparingobjectsorpeople對(duì)照;(對(duì)照中的)差異■mathematiciann.apersongiftedorlearnedinmathematics數(shù)學(xué)家mathematiciala.oforrelatedtomathematics數(shù)學(xué)的combinecometogether;acttogether;unite,jointogether結(jié)合，合并combinationn.somethingthatresultsfromtwoormorethings(esp.chemicals)beingcombined結(jié)合,合并;［化］化合物▲surgemove(asif)inwaves洶涌stablea.firm,withoutmovement穩(wěn)定的existencen.thefactorstateofexisting存在observevt.seeandnoticesth.orsb.;watchsth.orsb.carefully觀察explosionn.1.asuddenburstingout爆發(fā);驟發(fā);爆炸2.theactoramomentofsuddenincrease激增,擴(kuò)大conceptn.somethingformedinthemind;athoughtoridea概念A(yù)exemplifyvt.showbyexample例示,作為 的例子Acertaintyn.thefact,quality,orstateofbeingcertain確定性,必然性:確實(shí)的事情enthusiasmn.1.greatpositivefeelingfororinterestinasubjectorcause熱情,積極性2.athingcausingthisfeeling愛好的事物representativea.(of)beinglikeorcommontoothersofthesameclass有代表性的esorisacquired源泉,來源responsiblea.1.beingthecauseofsth.是 的原因havingthedutyoflookingaftersb.orsth.sothatonecanbeblamedifthingsgowrong需負(fù)責(zé)任的,承擔(dān)責(zé)任的organizevt.puttogetherintoawell-planned,sequencedwhole組織起來elementn.anecessarypartofawhole兀素，成分PHRASESANDEXPRESSIONSsleeponsth.leavesth.undecidedorunattendeduntilthenextday暫時(shí)不作決定,過一晚再作決定agiftfromthegodsanunearned,orunexpected,benefitthatisgreatlyvalued不期而獲又大受歡迎的好處,利益dependonhappenaccordingto;counton依輪，依賴writedownrecordinwriting寫下來beoccupiedwithbebusywith忙于做,專心于seekfortrytofind;lookfor尋找asthoughasitwouldbeif...好象,儼然takeshapetakeonadefinedform成型putintoexpressin表達(dá)atworkhavinganeffect;inoperation在起件二用arriveatreachormake;cometo達(dá)成(協(xié)議);得出(結(jié)論)searchforlookcarefullyaboutaplaceinordertofind搜索,尋找fillsb.withsth.causesb.toexperiencesth.(likefeelings)使充滿(感情)PROPERNAMESRichardWagner理査德，瓦格納(1813-1883),德國作曲家、劇作家Rhinegold瓦格納創(chuàng)作的《萊茵河的黃金》Spezia斯佩齊亞,意大利西北部港市HenriPoincare亨利?龐加萊(1854-1912),法國數(shù)學(xué)家,物理學(xué)家和作家Fuchsianfunctions富克斯函數(shù)Descartes笛卡爾(1596-1650),法國哲學(xué)家、數(shù)學(xué)家:西方近代哲學(xué)的創(chuàng)始人之一,二元論者、唯理論者cogitoergosumIthink;therefore,Iexist.［拉丁語］我思,故我在。SectionBWaysofIncreasingCreativityMyguestshadarrived,butonceagain,I'dforgottentoputthewineinthefridge."Don'tworry,"afriendsaid,"Icanchillitforyourightaway."Fiveminuteslatersheemergedfromthekitchenwiththewineperfectlycooled.Askedtorevealhersecret,shesaid,"Ipoureditinaplasticbaganddippeditinicewater."Myguestsapplauded."Howwonderfulifwecouldallbethatclever,"oneremarked.Adecadeofenquiryhasconvincedmewecan.WhatseparatestheaveragepersonfromEdison,PicassoorevenShakespeareisn'tcreativecapacity.It'stheabilitytousethatcapacitybyencouragingcreativeimpulsesandthenactinguponthem.Mostofusseldomachieveourcreativepotentialbutthereservoirofideashidingwithineveryoneofuscanbeunlocked.Thefollowingtechniquessuggestconcretewaysofincreasingcreativity:Capturethefleeting.Agoodideaisli