跨文化課程教案7課件

大學英語

跨文化交際Chapter7CulturalPatterns

黑龍江大學外語部大學英語

跨文化交際Chapter7Cultural1Learningobjectives:Inthischapter,theteachershouldenablethestudentsto:1.understandthedefinitionofculturalpatterns.2.describethecomponentsofculturalpatterns.summarizethetheoryaboutculturalpatterns.4.evaluatetheimportanceofculturalpatterns.Chapter7CulturalPatternsLearningobjectives:Int2ChapterOutlineCulturalPatternsBeliefsValuesHumanNaturePerson-NatureComponentsEdwardTHall’sContext-CultureTheoryKluckhohnandStrodtbeck’sValueOrientationDefinition

NormsSocialPracticesTimeActivityRelationalIndividualismandCollectivismUncertaintyAvoidancePowerdistanceMasculinity–FemininityHigh-contextLow-contextWaysofThinkingWaysofActingHofstede’sDimensionsofCulturalVariabilityChapter7CulturalPatternsChapterOutlineCulturalPatte3Lead-inCase:MarriageandSocialstatusWhydidShaeedquittheideaofmarryingtheIndonesianyounglady,eventhoughtheylovedeachotherverymuch?(2)InwhatwaydidtheIndonesianyounglady’smotherrefuseShaheed’smother’smarriageproposal?Andwhatdidshemeanbyservingbananaswiththetea?(3)HowdoesthiscasereflectthewaysofIndonesiancommunication?

Chapter7CulturalPatternsLead-inCase:MarriageandSoc41.Waysofthinking

culturalpatternsaresharedmentalprogramsthatgovernspecificbehaviorchoices.

2.Waysofacting

Culturalpatternsarenotsomuchconsciouslytaughtasunconsciouslyexperiencedasaby-productofday-to-dayactivities

TextA:DefiningculturalpatternsChapter7

CulturalPatterns1.WaysofthinkingTextA:De5

TextB:ComponentsofCulturalPatternsChapter7CulturalPatternsCulturalpatternsSocialPracticesNorms

BeliefsValuesTextB:ComponentsofCultura6

Abeliefisanideathatpeopleassumetobetrueabouttheworld.

Forexample:1)awidelysharedbeliefdatesbacktothetimewhenEuropeansbelievedthattheearthwasflat2)abeliefformanyEuropeanAmericansisthatin“reality”thereisaseparationbetweenthephysicalandspiritualworlds.

BeliefsChapter7CulturalPatternsAbeliefisanideathatpeop7Values

Valuesinvolvewhatacultureregardsasgoodorbad,rightorwrong,fairorunfair,justorunjust,beautifulorugly,cleanordirty,valuableorworthless,appropriateorinappropriate,andkindorcruel.Chapter7CulturalPatternsValuesValuesinvolvewh8Norms

Normsarethesociallysharedexpectationsofappropriatebehaviors.Normsmaychangeoveraperiodoftime,whereasbeliefsandvaluestendtobemuchmoreenduring.Chapter7CulturalPatternsNormsNormsarethesocially9SocialPracticesSocialpracticesarethepredictablebehaviorpatternsthatmembersofaculturetypicallyfollow.Thus,socialpracticesaretheoutwardmanifestationsofbeliefs,values,andnorms.Chapter7CulturalPatternsSocialPracticesSocialpract10TextC:EdwardT.Hall’sContext-culturetheory1）Thedefinitionofcontext:“theinformationthatsurroundsanevent;itisinextricablyboundupwiththemean-ingoftheevent.”2）Categorizationofhigh-contextcultureandlow-contextculturedependingonthedegreetowhichmeaningcomesfromtheset-tingsorfromthewordsbeingexchanged.Chapter7CulturalPatternsTextC:EdwardT.Hall’sConte11High-contextculture“Ahighcontext(HC)communicationormessageisoneinwhichmostoftheinfor-mationisalreadyintheperson,whileverylittleisinthecoded,explicitlytransmit-tedpartofthemessage.TeaCeremony

Chapter7CulturalPatternsHigh-contextculture“Ahighc12Low-contextcultureAlowcontext(LC)communicationisjusttheopposite;i.e.,themassoftheinformationisvestedintheexplicitcode.”AnAmericanstandingonchairinrestaurantgivingspeechathisleavinghishometown

Chapter7CulturalPatternsLow-contextcultureAlowconte13CulturesArrangedAlongtheHigh-ContextandLow-ContextDimension

High-ContextCulturesJapaneseChineseKoreanAfricanAmericanNativeAmericanArabGreekLatinItalianEnglishFrenchAmericanScandinavianGermanGerman-SwissLower-ContextCulturesChapter7CulturalPatternsCulturesArrangedAlongtheHi14CaseAnalysis-“wrongsignals”(1)Whatistheproblemshowninthiscase?(2)WhydidNingTongkeepsilent?Whatinformationdoyouthinkhewantedtoconvey?(3)WhydidTomgetsoangry?WhatishisinterpretationofNingTong’ssilence?

Chapter7CulturalPatternsCaseAnalysis-“wrongsignals15What’sthevaluesreflected

inthefollowingproverbs?

Bloodisthickerthanwater.Timeismoney.Aman’shouseishiscastle.Theearlybirdcatchestheworm.人之初，性本善。天人感應。一人得道，雞犬升天。以人為鑒，可以明得失；以史為鑒，可以知興替。Chapter7

CulturalPatternsWhat’sthevaluesreflected

i16Hinduethics

1.Humannatureorientation2.Person-natureorientation3.Timeorientation

4.Activityorientation

5.RelationalorientationTextD:KluckhohnandStrodtbeck’svalueorientationChapter7CulturalPatternsHinduethics

TextD:Chapt171.Humannature

orientation

(1)Humansareevilbutchangeable,(2)humansareevilandunchangeable,(3)humansareneutralwithrespecttogoodandevil,(4)humansareamixtureofgoodandevil,(5)humansaregoodbutchangeable,and(6)humansaregoodandunchangeable.goodbutcorruptible

evilbutperfectible

Chapter7CulturalPatterns1.Humannatureorientation182.Person-natureorientation(1)

masterywithnature（注：圖片為愚公移山）(2)

harmonywithnature（注：圖片為中藥材）(3)subjugationtonature（注：圖片為印尼海嘯）subjugationtonatureharmonywithnaturemasterywithnature

masterywithnatureChapter7CulturalPatterns2.Person-natureorientation(193.Timeorientation

a.

Value-PastOrientation

b.Value-PresentOrientation

c.Value-FutureOrientationChapter7CulturalPatterns

3.TimeorientationChapter7C204.Activityorientationa.Value-DoingOrientation

b.Value-BeingOrientation

c.Value-Being-in-BecomingOrientation

Chapter7CulturalPatterns4.Activityorientationa.Valu215.Relationalorientationa.Value-IndividualismOrientation

b.Value-LinealityOrientation

c.Value-CollateralityOrientation

Chapter7CulturalPatterns5.Relationalorientationa.Va22ExploringIdeasWhatwouldyouaddorchangetomoreaccuratelyexpresstheChineseorientationtorelation?Istherelationalorientationchanging?Whatisyourevidence?

Chapter7CulturalPatternsExploringIdeasWhatwouldyou23TextE:Hofstede’sculturaldimensions1.Individualismversuscollectivism2.Uncertaintyavoidance3.Powerdistance4.Masculinityversusfemininity

Chapter7CulturalPatternsTextE:Hofstede’sculturaldi241.Individualismversuscollectivism

Thecharacteristicsofculturesthatvalueindividualism

People’spersonalgoalstakepriorityovertheirgroupslikethefamilyortheemployer.Theloyaltyofindividualiststoagivengroupisveryweak.Peoplefeeltheybelongtomanygroupsandareapttochangetheirmembershipasitsuitsthem,switchingchurches,forexample,orleavingoneemployerforanother.----DanielGoleman

Chapter7CulturalPatterns1.Individualismversuscollec252.UncertaintyavoidanceUncertaintyavoidancedealswiththedegreetowhichmembersofaculturetrytoavoiduncertainty.Hofstedesummarizestheviewofpeopleinhighuncertaintyavoidanceculturesas“whatisdifferent,isdangerous,”andthebeliefofpeopleinlowuncertaintyavoidanceculturesas“whatisdifferent,iscurious”.Chapter7CulturalPatterns2.UncertaintyavoidanceUncert263.PowerDistancePowerdistanceis“theextenttowhichthelesspowerfulmembersofinstitutionsandorganizationsacceptthatpowerisdistributedunequally”.Howdoyouinterprettherelationshipbetweenthefollowingpairsinbothhighandlowpowerdistanceculture

?parents-childrenteacher-studentboss-employeeChapter7CulturalPatterns3.PowerDistancePowerdistanc274.Masculinityandfemininity

Inmasculineculturesbothmanandwomenarerelativelytough,andsocialgenderrolesareclearlydistinct.Menaresupposedtobeassertive,tough,andfocusedonmaterialsuccess,whereaswomenaresupposedtobemoremodest,tenderandconcernedwiththequalityoflife.Infeminineculturessocialgenderroles

overlap.Inthesecultures,nooneshouldfightandnooneshouldbetooambitious.Everyoneshouldbeconcernedwithmaintaininggoodrelationshipswithothers.Bothmenandwomenaresup-posedtobemodest,tender,andconcernedwiththequalityoflife.Chapter7CulturalPatterns4.Masculinityandfemininity28ExploringIdeas:

HowdoyouexplainthesignificantlylowerscoreforHongKongascomparedtoTaiwanandSingaporeonHofstede’sRankingofFortyCountriesorRegionsonMasculinityandFemininity?Chapter7CulturalPatternsExploringIdeas:

Howdoyoue29大學英語

跨文化交際Chapter7CulturalPatterns

黑龍江大學外語部大學英語

跨文化交際Chapter7Cultural30Learningobjectives:Inthischapter,theteachershouldenablethestudentsto:1.understandthedefinitionofculturalpatterns.2.describethecomponentsofculturalpatterns.summarizethetheoryaboutculturalpatterns.4.evaluatetheimportanceofculturalpatterns.Chapter7CulturalPatternsLearningobjectives:Int31ChapterOutlineCulturalPatternsBeliefsValuesHumanNaturePerson-NatureComponentsEdwardTHall’sContext-CultureTheoryKluckhohnandStrodtbeck’sValueOrientationDefinition

NormsSocialPracticesTimeActivityRelationalIndividualismandCollectivismUncertaintyAvoidancePowerdistanceMasculinity–FemininityHigh-contextLow-contextWaysofThinkingWaysofActingHofstede’sDimensionsofCulturalVariabilityChapter7CulturalPatternsChapterOutlineCulturalPatte32Lead-inCase:MarriageandSocialstatusWhydidShaeedquittheideaofmarryingtheIndonesianyounglady,eventhoughtheylovedeachotherverymuch?(2)InwhatwaydidtheIndonesianyounglady’smotherrefuseShaheed’smother’smarriageproposal?Andwhatdidshemeanbyservingbananaswiththetea?(3)HowdoesthiscasereflectthewaysofIndonesiancommunication?

Chapter7CulturalPatternsLead-inCase:MarriageandSoc331.Waysofthinking

culturalpatternsaresharedmentalprogramsthatgovernspecificbehaviorchoices.

2.Waysofacting

Culturalpatternsarenotsomuchconsciouslytaughtasunconsciouslyexperiencedasaby-productofday-to-dayactivities

TextA:DefiningculturalpatternsChapter7

CulturalPatterns1.WaysofthinkingTextA:De34

TextB:ComponentsofCulturalPatternsChapter7CulturalPatternsCulturalpatternsSocialPracticesNorms

BeliefsValuesTextB:ComponentsofCultura35

Abeliefisanideathatpeopleassumetobetrueabouttheworld.

Forexample:1)awidelysharedbeliefdatesbacktothetimewhenEuropeansbelievedthattheearthwasflat2)abeliefformanyEuropeanAmericansisthatin“reality”thereisaseparationbetweenthephysicalandspiritualworlds.

BeliefsChapter7CulturalPatternsAbeliefisanideathatpeop36Values

Valuesinvolvewhatacultureregardsasgoodorbad,rightorwrong,fairorunfair,justorunjust,beautifulorugly,cleanordirty,valuableorworthless,appropriateorinappropriate,andkindorcruel.Chapter7CulturalPatternsValuesValuesinvolvewh37Norms

Normsarethesociallysharedexpectationsofappropriatebehaviors.Normsmaychangeoveraperiodoftime,whereasbeliefsandvaluestendtobemuchmoreenduring.Chapter7CulturalPatternsNormsNormsarethesocially38SocialPracticesSocialpracticesarethepredictablebehaviorpatternsthatmembersofaculturetypicallyfollow.Thus,socialpracticesaretheoutwardmanifestationsofbeliefs,values,andnorms.Chapter7CulturalPatternsSocialPracticesSocialpract39TextC:EdwardT.Hall’sContext-culturetheory1）Thedefinitionofcontext:“theinformationthatsurroundsanevent;itisinextricablyboundupwiththemean-ingoftheevent.”2）Categorizationofhigh-contextcultureandlow-contextculturedependingonthedegreetowhichmeaningcomesfromtheset-tingsorfromthewordsbeingexchanged.Chapter7CulturalPatternsTextC:EdwardT.Hall’sConte40High-contextculture“Ahighcontext(HC)communicationormessageisoneinwhichmostoftheinfor-mationisalreadyintheperson,whileverylittleisinthecoded,explicitlytransmit-tedpartofthemessage.TeaCeremony

Chapter7CulturalPatternsHigh-contextculture“Ahighc41Low-contextcultureAlowcontext(LC)communicationisjusttheopposite;i.e.,themassoftheinformationisvestedintheexplicitcode.”AnAmericanstandingonchairinrestaurantgivingspeechathisleavinghishometown

Chapter7CulturalPatternsLow-contextcultureAlowconte42CulturesArrangedAlongtheHigh-ContextandLow-ContextDimension

High-ContextCulturesJapaneseChineseKoreanAfricanAmericanNativeAmericanArabGreekLatinItalianEnglishFrenchAmericanScandinavianGermanGerman-SwissLower-ContextCulturesChapter7CulturalPatternsCulturesArrangedAlongtheHi43CaseAnalysis-“wrongsignals”(1)Whatistheproblemshowninthiscase?(2)WhydidNingTongkeepsilent?Whatinformationdoyouthinkhewantedtoconvey?(3)WhydidTomgetsoangry?WhatishisinterpretationofNingTong’ssilence?

Chapter7CulturalPatternsCaseAnalysis-“wrongsignals44What’sthevaluesreflected

inthefollowingproverbs?

Bloodisthickerthanwater.Timeismoney.Aman’shouseishiscastle.Theearlybirdcatchestheworm.人之初，性本善。天人感應。一人得道，雞犬升天。以人為鑒，可以明得失；以史為鑒，可以知興替。Chapter7

CulturalPatternsWhat’sthevaluesreflected

i45Hinduethics

1.Humannatureorientation2.Person-natureorientation3.Timeorientation

4.Activityorientation

5.RelationalorientationTextD:KluckhohnandStrodtbeck’svalueorientationChapter7CulturalPatternsHinduethics

TextD:Chapt461.Humannature

orientation

(1)Humansareevilbutchangeable,(2)humansareevilandunchangeable,(3)humansareneutralwithrespecttogoodandevil,(4)humansareamixtureofgoodandevil,(5)humansaregoodbutchangeable,and(6)humansaregoodandunchangeable.goodbutcorruptible

evilbutperfectible

Chapter7CulturalPatterns1.Humannatureorientation472.Person-natureorientation(1)

masterywithnature（注：圖片為愚公移山）(2)

harmonywithnature（注：圖片為中藥材）(3)subjugationtonature（注：圖片為印尼海嘯）subjugationtonatureharmonywithnaturemasterywithnature

masterywithnatureChapter7CulturalPatterns2.Person-natureorientation(483.Timeorientation

a.

Value-PastOrientation

b.Value-PresentOrientation

c.Value-FutureOrientationChapter7CulturalPatterns

3.TimeorientationChapter7C494.Activityorientationa.Value-DoingOrientation

b.Value-BeingOrientation

c.Value-Being-in-BecomingOrientation

Chapter7CulturalPatterns4.Activityorientationa.Valu505.Relationalorientationa.Value-IndividualismOrientation

b.Value-LinealityOrientation

c.Value-CollateralityOrientation

Chapter7CulturalPatterns5.Relationalorientationa.Va51ExploringIdeasWhatwouldyouaddorchangetomoreaccuratelyexpresstheChineseorientationtorelation?Istherelationalorientationchanging?Whatisyourevidence?

Chapter7CulturalPatternsExploringIdeasWhatwouldyou52TextE:Hofstede’sculturaldimensions1.Individualismversuscollectivism2.Uncertaintyavoidance3.Powerdistance4.Masculinityversusfemininity

Chapter7CulturalPatternsTextE:Hofstede’sculturaldi531.Individualismversuscollectivism

Thecharacteristicsofculturesthatvalueindividualism

People’spersonalgoalstakepriorityovertheirgroupslikethefamilyortheemployer.Theloyaltyofindividualiststoagivengroupisveryweak.Peoplefeeltheybelongtomanygroupsandareap