綜合英語3第二版unit1教學(xué)講義市公開課金獎市賽課一等獎?wù)n件

FreshstartUnit1第1頁Pre-readingquestions1.Oneyearhaspassedsinceyouenteredthiscollege.Doyoustillrememberthefirstdayatcollege?Didanythingspecialhappentoyouthen?2.Whatwouldyoudoifyoushouldbumpintoanembarrassment?3.Whatisyournewterm’sresolution?Afreshstart!4.Howdoyouthinkof“l(fā)osingface”?第2頁第3頁Otherthan&ratherthanOtherthan:有兩種意思：一是用來表示否定意義，即“不一樣于（=

different

from)，非（=

not)";二是用來表示排除意義，即“除了”，相當(dāng)于except,apartfrom。比如：The

truth

is

quite

other

than

what

you

think.

事實真相和你們想完全不一樣。

She

can

hardly

be

other

than

grateful.

她除了感激之外還能怎么樣呢。He

has

visited

every

country

in

Asia

other

than

Japan.

除了日本之外，他訪問了全部亞洲國家。第4頁rather

than是連詞，前后兩端所連詞性是一致，通常譯為“而不是”或“與其說是……不如說是”，有時可用短語介詞instead

of替換。比如：He

was

engaged

in

writing

a

letter

rather

than(=

instead

of)

reading

the

newspaper.

他那時是在寫信而不是看報紙。These

shoes

are

comfortable

rather

than

pretty.

這些鞋子談不上漂亮，但穿起來倒很舒適。第5頁做自己，因為他人都有些人做了/不要隨大流。第6頁第7頁第8頁第9頁第10頁1IfirstbegantowonderwhatIwasdoingonacollegecampusanywaywhenmyparentsdroveoff,leavingmestandingpitifullyinaparkinglot,wantingnothingmorethantofindmywaysafelytomydormroom.ThefactwasthatnomatterhowmatureIlikedtoconsidermyself,Iwasfeelingjustabitfirst-gradish.Addingtomydistresswasthedistinctimpressionthateveryoneoncampuswaswatchingme.MyplanwastokeepmyearsopenandmymouthshutandhopenoonewouldnoticeIwasafreshman.Question第11頁第12頁第13頁第14頁第15頁2Withthatthoughtinmind,Iraisedmyhead,squaredmyshoulders,andsetoutinthedirectionofmydorm,glancing(andtheneversodiscreetly)atthecampusmapclutchedinmyhand.IttookeverythingIhadnottostarewhenIcaughtmyfirstglimpseofareallivecollegefootballplayer.Whatconfidence,whatreserve,whatmuscles!Ionlyhopedhisattentionwasdrawntomyairofassuranceratherthantomyshakingknees.IspenttheafternoonseekingouteachofmyclassroomssothatIcouldmakeaperfectlytimedentrancebeforeeachlecturewithouthavingtoaskdumbquestionsaboutitswhereabouts.

Question第16頁第17頁第18頁第19頁第20頁第21頁第22頁第23頁3ThenextmorningIfoundmyfirstclassandmarchedin.OnceIwasintheroom,however,anotherproblemawaitedme.Wheretosit?Freshmenmanualsadvisedsittingnearthefront,showingtheprofessorinintelligentandenergeticdemeanor.Afterdeliberation,Ichoseaseatinthefirstrowandtotheside.Iwasintheforeground

(asadvised),butoutoftheprofessor’sdirectlineofvision.4Icrackedmyanthology選集

ofAmericanliteratureandscribbledthedateatthetopofacrispruledpage排版整齊書頁.“WelcometoBiology101,”theprofessorbegan.Acoldsweatbrokeoutonthebackofmyneck.Igropedformyscheduleandcheckedtheroomnumber.Iwasintherightroom.Justthewrongbuilding.Question

第24頁第25頁第26頁第27頁第28頁第29頁第30頁5Sonowwhat?Getupandleaveinthemiddleofthelecture?Wouldn’ttheprofessorbeangry?Ikneweveryonewouldstare.Forgetit.Isettledintomychairandtriedtoassumethescientificposeofabiologymajor,bendingslightlyforward,tensingmyarmsinpreparationforfuriousnotetaking,andcursingundermybreath.Thebottledsnakesalongthewallshouldhavetippedmeoff.第31頁第32頁6AfterclassIdecidedmystomach(aswellasmyego)neededalittlenourishment,andIhurriedtothecafeteria.IpiledmytraywithsandwichgoodiesandwasheadingforthesaladbarwhenIaccidentallysteppedinalargepuddleofketchup.Keepingmyselfuprightandgettingoutofthemesswasnotgoingtobeeasy,andthisflailingofmyfeetwasdoingnogood.JustasIdecidedtotryanothermaneuver,myfoodtraytippedandIlostmybalance.Asmyrearend

metthefloor,Isawmyentirelifepassbeforemyeyes:itendedwithmyfirstdayofcollegeclasses.第33頁第34頁第35頁第36頁7InthesecondsaftermyfallIthoughthowniceitwouldbeifnoonehadnoticed.Butasallthestudentsinthecafeteriacametotheirfeet,tablebytable,cheeringandclapping,Iknewtheyhadnotonlynoticed,theyweredeterminedthatIwouldneverforgetit.SlowlyIkickedoffmyketchup-soakedsandalsandjumpedclearofthetoppledtrayandspilledfood.Acleanupbrigadecamechargingoutofthekitchen,mopsinhands.Isneakedoutofthecafeteriaasthecheersdieddownbehindme.第37頁第38頁8ForthreedaysIdinedaloneonnothingmorethanhumiliation,shame,獨自品嘗只有恥辱和慚愧

andanassortmentofjunkfoodfromamachinestrategicallyplacedoutsidemyroom.OnthefourthdayIcouldn’ttakeanothercrunchy-chewy-salty-sweetbite.Ineededsomerealfood.Perhapsthreedayswaslongenoughforthecampuspopulationtohaveforgottenme.SoofftothecafeteriaIwent.第39頁第40頁9Imademywaythroughthefoodlineandtiptoedtoatable,whereIcollapsedinrelief.安心坐下

SuddenlyIheardacrashthatsoundedvaguelyfamiliar.IlookeduptoseethatanotherpoorsoulhadmetthefatethatI’dthoughtwasreservedforonlyme.IwasevenmoresurprisedwhenIsawwhothepoorsoulwas:theverycomposed,veryupperclassfootballplayerI’dseenjustdaysbefore(thoughhedidn’tlookquitesocomposedwearingspaghettionthefrontofhisshirt).Myheartwentoutto

himaspeoplebegantocheerandclapastheyhadforme.Hegotup,handsheldhighabovehisheadinavictoryclasp,grinning

fromeartoear.IexpectedhimtoslinkoutofthecafeteriaasIhad,butinsteadheturnedaroundandbeganpreparinganothertray.Andthat’swhenIrealizedIhadbeentakingmyselffartooseriously.第41頁第42頁tiptoearound主要有兩個意思：

1.做某事小心翼翼（toactverycautiouslyaboutsomething)例句：YettothisdaytheytendtotiptoearoundMuslimsasadistinctmarketsegment.而今他們應(yīng)對穆斯林這個決然不一樣市場時總是小心翼翼。2.防止談?wù)摿钊瞬豢旎蛘哂袪幾h事情(toavoidspeakingaboutapainfulorcontroversialissue)例句：In1940,FranklinRoosevelttriedtotiptoearoundthewarquestionandwhenthatdidn'twash,hesimplyliedaboutit.1940年，羅斯福想悄悄地躲避戰(zhàn)爭問題。當(dāng)他這么做瞞不了人時，他干脆說謊。第43頁第44頁第45頁第46頁第47頁10WhatIhadinterpretedasamaliciousattempttoembarrassana?vefreshmanhadbeenmerelyamomentofcollegefun.

Probablyeveryoneinthecafeteriahaddonesomethingequallydumbwhenheorshewasafreshman—andhadlivedtotellaboutit.11WhocaredwhetherIdroppedatray,whereIsatinclass,orevenwhetherIshowedupinthewronglecture?Nobody.Thiswasn’tlikehighschool.Popularitywasnotsoimportant;runningwiththecrowd

wasnolongeralawofsurvival.Incollege,itdidn’tmatter.Thiswasmybigchancetodomyownthing,bemyownwoman—ifIcouldgetpastmypreoccupationwithdoingeverythingperfectly.第48頁Malignant/benign第49頁第50頁第51頁12OnceIrecognizedthatIhadnoone’sexpectationstoliveuptobutmyown,Irelaxed.Theshacklesofself-consciousnessfellaway,andIbegantoviewcollegeasawonderfulexperiment.Itriedonnewexperienceslikearticlesofclothing,checkingtheirfitandjudgingtheirworth.Ibrokeafewrulestotestmyconscience.IdressedalittledifferentlyuntilIfoundtheRealMe.Idiscoveredatasteforjazz,andIdecidedIlikedgoingbarefoot.第52頁第53頁第54頁13

Igaveuptryingtoactmywaythroughcollege(thiswasn’tdramaschool)andbegannotactingatall.College,Idecided,wasprobablytheonlytimeIwouldbecompletelyforgivenformassivemistakes(includingsteppinginpuddlesofketchupanddroppingfoodtrays).SoIusedtheopportunitytomakealltheonesIthoughtI’dnevermake.14Threeyearsaftergraduation,I’mstillmakingmistakes.AndI’mevenbeingforgivenforafew.Question第55頁第56頁第57頁第58頁第59頁▲assure用來表示向某人確保某事將要發(fā)生，既能夠用來確證某事，也能夠表示使某人確信（IfyouASSUREapersonofsomething，youpromisethemortellthemthat）。assure賓語通常是人或人稱代詞，所以不能直接搭用that－clause。其慣用結(jié)構(gòu)為：assuresb.ofsth．①Heassuredusofhisabilitytosolvetheproblem．他向我們確保他有能力處理這個問題。②Webookedearlytoassureourselvesof（getting）goodseats．我們及早訂座以確保我們能得到好座位。第60頁▲ensure意思是使某行為或某件事結(jié)果得以確保，即確保某事發(fā)生（tomakesurethatsth．happens）。ensure后能夠直接跟that-clause，并能夠用復(fù)合賓語。慣用結(jié)構(gòu)為：ensuresth．／ensure＋that－clause／ensure＋obj.(i.)+

obj.(d.)

①Toensurethechild'squickrecovery，thedoctorgavehimanantibiotic．為使這個孩子盡快恢復(fù)，醫(yī)生給他打了一劑抗生素。

②Registrationensuresdeliveryofmail．掛號寄郵件確保會送到。ensure也能夠表示確保安全，免遭傷害。Toensurefreedomagainsttyranny反對暴政，維護自由第61頁第62頁第63頁第64頁第65頁第66頁第67頁第68頁preserve、conserve、reserve這三個動詞都含“保留”、“保留”意思preserve主要指為預(yù)防損害、變質(zhì)等而保留，使不受破壞，能長久保留下去。1)TheancientEgyptiansknewofmeanstopreservedeadbodiesfromdecay.

古埃及人知道怎樣保留尸體以防腐爛。2）Topreserveafriend,threethingsarerequired:tohonorhimwhenpresent,praisehimwhenabsent,andassisthiminhisnecessities.

維持情誼需要做到三點：當(dāng)面尊尊重他；背后贊揚他；需要時幫助他。第69頁conserve強調(diào)對有價值東西珍惜，合理使用，慣用于保護資源和野生動，或指節(jié)約使用資源

1)Effectivemeasuresmusturgentlybetakentoconservetheseendangeredspeciesofwildanimals.

必須采取有效辦法保護這些瀕臨滅絕野生動物物種。2）Effortstoconservetheenvironmentsometimesclashwiththeadvancement

oftechnology.致力保護環(huán)境有時和發(fā)展技術(shù)相矛盾。3)Thereisanurgentneedtoeducatepeopletoconserveeverydropofwater,sinceourwaterresourceisverylimited.

當(dāng)前迫切需要教育民眾節(jié)約每一滴水，因為我們水資源十分有限。第70頁reserve

指事先預(yù)留下來以備后用。也可用于“預(yù)訂”房間、票、座位等。

1）Don'ttaketheseatsinthefirstthreerows,whicharereservedforguests.

前三排座位不要坐人,是留給客人坐。

2)Everymonthafixedamountofmoneyshouldbereservedsothatwecanfallbackonitincaseofemergence.

每個月要留出一定金額錢，萬一出現(xiàn)緊急情況，我們能依靠這筆錢。第71頁第72頁第73頁第74頁CbeVERB調(diào)查；打探；探究；探聽Ifyouprobeintosomething,youaskquestionsortrytodiscoverfactsaboutit.Themoretheyprobedintohisbackground,themoreinflamedtheirsuspicionswouldbecome.他們越調(diào)查他背景，疑團就越多。VERB（醫(yī)生或牙醫(yī)用細(xì)長工具）探查，檢驗，探測Ifado