英語必修六 Unit 1 Art-Grammar 虛擬語氣課件

Unit1ArtGRAMMAR語法虛擬語氣

SubjunctiveMood(I)10/30/2022語氣的分類1.陳述語氣(TheindicativeMood)用來陳述一個事實,或提出一種看法,有肯定,否定,疑問或感嘆等形式。Iamnotinterestedinwhatyousaid.

HaveyoueverbeentoFrance?Whatasplendidpalace!2.祈使語氣(TheImperativeMood)用來表示請求，邀請,命令,警告或勸告等.Let’shaveatalk.

Don’tjumpinthequeue.英語的動詞一般可帶三種不同的語氣:陳述語氣,祈使語氣和虛擬語氣.不同的語氣用動詞的不同形式來表示。虛擬語氣在‘if’條件句中的用法虛擬語氣在名詞性從句中的用法虛擬語氣其他的用法SubjunctiveMood虛擬語氣一、虛擬語氣在‘if’條件句中的用法1．在非真實性條件句與主句中的用法

1）表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反條件從句

主句

一般過去時（be多用于were）

would/should/could/might＋doEg：如果我是你，我會接受邀請的。IfIwereyou,Iwouldaccepttheinvitation.

如果我有空，我就去那兒。IfIhadtime,Iwouldgothere.

2）與過去事實相反

條件從句

主句

過去完成時

would/should/could/might＋havedone

Eg：如果你早點來，你就不會錯過那輛公共汽車了。Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youcouldn'thavemissedthebus.如果他昨天見到了你，他就會還你的書的。Ifhehadseenyouyesterday,hewouldhavereturnedyourbook.

3）與將來事實可能相反

條件從句

主句

一般過去時（be多用were）shoulddo,weretodo

would/should/could/might＋動詞原形

Eg：假如他來了,我們對他說什么呢？Ifhe

wereto

come,what

should

wesaytohim.假如他看見我,就會認(rèn)識我。Ifhe

should

seeme,he

would

knowme.

3.含蓄條件句與主句.即用without(＝butfor),or(else)代替if從句。Eg：Without/Butforhishelp,wewouldn’thavemadesuchgreatprogress.＝Ifwehadn’tgothishelp,wewouldn’thavemadesuchgreatprogress.二.虛擬語氣在名詞性從句中的用法1.在動詞wish后的賓語從句中,表示與現(xiàn)在或過去的事實相反,或?qū)淼闹饔^愿望,從句通常省略連詞that。1)表示對現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬:

從句動詞用過去式或過去進(jìn)行式(be動詞一般用were)。IwishI

were

abird.Iwish/wishedI

hadn’t

eatensomuchwatermelon.(2)表示對過去情況的虛擬:從句動詞常用“had＋過去分詞”。Thepartywasterrible,IwishI

had

nevergonetoit.(3)表示對將來的主觀愿望:從句動詞形式為“

would＋動詞原形”。主句的主語與從句的主語不能相同,因為主句的主語所期望的從句動作能否實現(xiàn)，取決于從句主語的態(tài)度或意愿(非動物名詞除外)。但愿你立刻來。Iwishyouwouldcomesoon.Iwishitwouldnotraintomorrow.Eg.我們建議Tom去休息一下。他堅決要求我到場。國王命令囚犯明天要實施死刑。他們要求我們派他們?nèi)ツ莾汗ぷ鳌esuggestedthatTom(should)havearest.HeinsistedthatI(should)bepresent.Thekingorderedthattheprisoners(should)bekilledthenextday.Theyrequestedthatwe(should)sendthemtoworkthere.以上動詞相應(yīng)的名詞（order,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,desireetc.）構(gòu)成的名詞性從句包括主語從句，表語從句和同位語從句也要使用虛擬語氣。從句中的動詞形式一樣。即：(should)＋V.特別注意3.Thelookonhisfacesuggestedthathewas

unhappy.4.Thespecialistsuggestedthatchildrenshouldnoteattoomuchsugar

insist/suggest不接虛擬的用法A.在句型“Itisimportant(necessary,strange,natural)that”中，that后面的從句中的謂語動詞用：should+動詞原形我們有必要出去散散步。It’snecessarythatweshouldhaveawalknow.

2

她這樣做是很自然的。

It’snaturalthatsheshoulddoso.

3

重要的是我們要照顧好病人。

It’simportantthatweshouldtakegoodcareofthepatient.

（3）虛擬語氣在在主語從句中3.It’s(about/high)time+(that)…should+V.過去時你該走了。我們該去睡覺了。It’stimethatyouwent.It’stimethatyoushouldgo.It’stimethatwewenttobed.It’stimethatweshouldgotobed.(Should不可省略)

1.

Itis(high/about)timethat…從句中的謂語動詞用過去式或should＋動詞原形，should不能省略．三、虛擬語氣在其他從句中Itishightimethatyouwent/shouldgotoschool.2.Ifonly引導(dǎo)的感嘆句（要是．．．該有多好啊)表示現(xiàn)在的情況,應(yīng)用過去式;如果是過去的情況,應(yīng)用過去完成時態(tài)

IfonlyIknewtheanswer!IfonlyIhadseenthefilmyesterday!3.wouldrather+從句動詞用過去式或過去完成時

Iwouldratheryoutoldmethetruth.IwouldratheryouhadgonetherelastSunday.4.

asif(asthough)看起來常用虛擬形式，即表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反，用過去式；與過去事實相反用過去完成式(haddone).Hetreats/treatedtheboyasifhewerehisownson.Hespeaks/spokeasifhehadknownaboutitShetalksaboutRomeasthoughshe

had

beenthereherself.HetreatsmeasifIwereastranger.注意:如果表示的事情可能會發(fā)生,那么方式狀語從句中的謂語動詞可用陳述語氣。Evenifshewerehere,shecouldnotsolvetheproblem.3.表示強(qiáng)烈的“愿望”、“祝愿”時，常用動詞原形。Eg：

LonglivetheCommunistPartyofChina.中國共產(chǎn)黨萬歲。

Godblessus.上帝保佑。Mayyouhaveahappylife.

祝你生活愉快四情態(tài)動詞+havedonecouldhavedone本來可以---mighthavedone本來可能---should/oughttohavedone本來應(yīng)該做---shouldn’t/oughtnottohavedone本不該做--

你本不應(yīng)該告訴她真相。Youshouldn’thavetoldherthetruth.needn’thavedone本不必做---

比較：didn’tneedtodo沒必要做也沒有做---我沒必要擦窗戶。我兄弟做了Ididn’tneedtocleanthewindows.Mybrotherdidit.wouldhavedone本來會去做我沒有足夠的錢．否則我會買那本書的．Ididn’thaveenoughmoney,otherwiseIwouldhaveboughtthatbook.1.——Alice,whydidn’tyoucomeyesterday?——I_____,butIhadanunexpectedvisitor.(NMET)A.hadB.wouldC.wasgoingtoD.did虛擬語氣高考鏈接2.Iftherewerenosubjunctive,English______mucheasier.(NMET)A.willbeB.wouldhavebeenC.couldhavebeenD.wouldbe小試牛刀1.Theguardatthegateinsistedthateverybody______therules.A.obeysB.obeyC.willobeyD.wouldobey2.IwishI_____youyesterday.A.seenB.didseeC.hadseenD.weretosee3.Withoutelectricityhumanlife_____quitedifferenttoday.A.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbe4.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlookasifit_____.A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken5._____it_____foryourhelp,Icouldn’thavemadeanyprogress.Had;notbeenB.Should;notbeC.Did;notbeD.Not;be6.MrSmithwasbadlyill,orhe_____ourdinnerparty.A.shouldcometo

B.wouldhaveattended

C.wouldcometo

D.shouldhaveattendedSummary1.在‘if’條