2023年6月大學(xué)英語六級考試真題及答案解析(第一套完整版)

2023年6月大學(xué)英語六級考試真題及答案解析〔第一套完整版〕PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Supposeyouareaskedtogiveadviceonwhethertoattendavocationalcollegeorauniversity,writeanessaytostateyouropinion.Youarerequiredtowriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.【參考范文】WhethertoAttendaVocationalCollegeoraUniversity?It’sanundisputabletruththatvirtuallyallhighschoolgraduateswillencounterthechoicesbetweenavocationalcollegeandauniversity.Andwhenitcomestothisquestion,students’ideasarenotcutfromthesamecloth.Inpointofwhichtochooseandwhattobetakenintoconsideration,myadvicesareasfollow.Inthefirstplace,weshouldbeconsciousofthefactthatbothofthetwochoiceshaveitsownsuperiorities.Forinstance,avocationalcollegespecializesincultivatinghumanresourceswithpracticalcapabilities;whileauniversityservesasthecradleofacademicresearchersindifferentfields.Thenitdoesfollowthathighschoolgraduatesshouldhaveaclearpictureofthemselves.Thatistosay,theyshouldknowtheirmeritsanddemeritsandtheirchoicesmustgiveplaytotheirstrengthswhilstcircumventweaknesses.Inaddition,interestisthebestteacherandit’salsothepremiseoflearningonone’sowninitiative.Thusinterestmustbetakenintoaccountbecauseitcannotonlydecidehowfaronecanreachacademicallyandprofessionallybutalsohowhappyandfulfilledonewillbe.Inbrief,allabovejustgoestoshowthattherereallyisnoone-size-fits-allanswerforthequestion.Thekeyliesinaclearcognition,accurateself-positioningandtheinterestofoneself.Onlythencaneveryonefindarightpaththatworksbestforus.PartIIListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.1.A)Hewouldfeelinsulted.B)Hewouldfeelverysad.C)Hewouldbeembarrassed.D)Hewouldbedisappointed.【答案】A【解析】題目問如果男士在二手書店中發(fā)現(xiàn)了自己寫的書，那么男士會感覺怎樣。男士說到：如果他在二手書店發(fā)現(xiàn)了自己的書，他會認(rèn)為這是種侮辱。因此選A。2.A)Theyareworthyofaprize.B)Theyareoflittlevalue.C)Theymakegoodreading.D)Theyneedimprovement.【答案】B【解析】題目問男士的妻子認(rèn)為他的書怎么樣。男士說到：他最新的一本書是在2004年寫的，當(dāng)時在寫的時候給他妻子看了一小局部。妻子認(rèn)為他寫的內(nèi)容是垃圾。這說明他的妻子認(rèn)為他寫的書毫無價值。因此選B。3.A)Heseldomwritesabookstraightthrough.B)Hewritesseveralbookssimultaneously.C)Hedrawsonhisreal-lifeexperiences.D)Heoftenturnstohiswifeforhelp.【答案】A【解析】題目問當(dāng)男士在寫作的時候，他通常會做什么。在對話中，女士問男士他那本?被埋葬的巨人?為什么被擱置了那么久，顯然是過了十年才把這本書寫好。男士答復(fù)：他寫書通常都是寫寫停停，寫到一半就會擱置幾年時間再繼續(xù)寫。男士的言外之意是，他很少會一口氣把一本書寫完。因此選A。4.A)Writingabookisjustlikewatchingafootballmatch.B)Writersactuallyworkeverybitashardasfootballers.C)Helikeswatchingafootballmatchafterfinishingabook.D)Unlikeafootballmatch,thereisnoendtowritingabook.Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.【答案】D【解析】題目問男士提到足球比賽是想表達(dá)什么。男士在最后說到，足球運(yùn)發(fā)動在結(jié)束的哨聲吹響的時候，就意味著比賽已經(jīng)結(jié)束了。但是對于作家來說，永遠(yuǎn)都沒有結(jié)束的哨聲這一說。因此選D。5.A)Achievementsofblackmaleathletesincollege.B)Financialassistancetoblackathletesincollege.C)Highcollegedropoutratesamongblackathletes.D)Undergraduateenrollmentsofblackathletes.【答案】C【解析】題目問這兩個講話者在談?wù)撌裁?。女士在一開始就引出主題：一份研究說明，在大學(xué)中黑人運(yùn)發(fā)動的輟學(xué)率特別高。因此選C。6.A)Theydisplaygreattalentineverykindofgame.B)Theyarebetteratsportsthanatacademicwork.C)Theyhavedifficultyfindingmoneytocompletetheirstudies.D)Theymakemoneyforthecollegebutoftenfailtoearnadegree.【答案】D【解析】題目問這份研究對黑人男性運(yùn)發(fā)動有什么新的發(fā)現(xiàn)。男士說到：他們是以給學(xué)校創(chuàng)造收入的工薪階層的身份存在的，而不是以受教育的學(xué)生的身份存在的。就是說，黑人男性運(yùn)發(fā)動只是學(xué)校的掙錢工具，而學(xué)校并沒有給他們太多接受學(xué)術(shù)教育的時機(jī)。因此選D。7.A)About15%.B)Around40%.C)Slightlyover50%.D)Approximately70%.【答案】C【解析】題目問黑人男性運(yùn)發(fā)動的畢業(yè)率是多少。女士答復(fù)：在65所學(xué)校中只有勉強(qiáng)一半多一點(diǎn)兒的黑人能畢業(yè)。因此選C。8.A)Coacheslacktheincentivetograduatethem.B)Collegedegreesdonotcountmuchtothem.C)Theyhavelittleinterestinacademicwork.D)Schoolsdonotdeemitaseriousproblem.【答案】A【解析】題目問根據(jù)男士可知，黑人運(yùn)發(fā)動沒能取得大學(xué)學(xué)位的原因是什么。男士在最后說到：所有的動機(jī)不是要贏得比賽就是不能輸?shù)舯荣悺＝叹毴狈ψ屗麄儺厴I(yè)的動力。因此選A。SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwopassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions9to12arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.9.A)Marketingstrategies.B)Holidayshopping.C)Shoppingmalls.D)Onlinestores.【答案】B【解析】題目問說話者主要說了什么。聽力材料一開始就提到“America’sholidayshoppingseasonstartsonBlackFriday...Itisthebusiestshoppingdayoftheyear〞，因此，不難推斷出該篇聽力的主題是關(guān)于holidayshopping，因此此題選B。10.A)About50%ofholidayshoppers.B)About20-30%ofholidayshoppers.C)About136million.D)About183.8million.【答案】D【解析】題目問有多少人會在網(wǎng)絡(luò)星期一那天購物。聽力篇章中提及，“About183.8millionpeoplewillshoponCyberMonday〞，就不難選出此題答案D。11.A)Theyhavefewercustomers.B)Theyfindithardtosurvive.C)Theyarethrivingoncemore.D)Theyappealtoelderlycustomers.【答案】C【解析】題目問關(guān)于傳統(tǒng)購物中心，?財(cái)富?是怎么說的。聽力篇章中提及“Fortunesaystheweakestofthemallshaveclosed.Thesectoristhrivingagain〞，由此可知，此題答案選C。12.A)Betterqualityofconsumergoods.B)Higheremploymentandwages.C)Greatervarietiesofcommodities.D)Peoplehavingmoreleisuretime.【答案】B【解析】題目是問購物者數(shù)量增加的原因是什么。篇章中提到，“…lowerunemploymentandrisingwagescouldgiveAmericansmoremoneytospend〞，其中B選項(xiàng)與這句話完全符合，lowerunemployment即higheremployment，故此題選B。Questions13to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.13.A)Theyarenewspeciesofbiginsects.B)Theyareoverprescribedantibiotics.C)Theyarelife-threateningdiseases.D)Theyareantibiotic-resistantbacteria.【答案】D【解析】題目問關(guān)于超級細(xì)菌我們知道什么。篇章中提及，“youmayhaveheardaboutthenewsuperbugswhichareantibiotic-resistantbacteriathathavedevelopedasaresultofoverprescribedantibiotics.",其中D選項(xiàng)與這句話完全符合。14.A)Antibioticsarenowinshortsupply.B)Manyinfectionsarenolongercurable.C)Largeamountsoftaxmoneyarewasted.D)Routineoperationshavebecomecomplex.【答案】D【解析】題目問抗生素用量過度的后果是什么。篇章中提到“seeminglyroutineoperations...arenowmuchmorehazardous...〞，D選項(xiàng)與此相符合。15.A)Facilities.B)Expertise.C)Money.D)Publicity.【答案】C【解析】題目問，在說話者看來，為應(yīng)對嚴(yán)重威脅生命的傳染病，什么是最迫切需要的。篇章最后提及：面對嚴(yán)重威脅生命的傳染病，卻只有1.2%的預(yù)算被用于研究上，這與所需的資金相差甚遠(yuǎn)。由此可知C選項(xiàng)正確。SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreerecordingsoflecturesortalksfollowedbythreeorfourquestions.Therecordingswillbeplayedonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),CJandD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.16.A)Itisaccessibleonlytothetalented.B)Itimprovesstudents’abilitytothink.C)Itstartsalifelonglearningprocess.D)Itgivesbirthtomanyeminentscholars.【答案】B【解析】題目問說話者是如何描述大學(xué)的。聽力材料中提到“youareheretounderstandthinkingbetterandtothinkbetteryour-self〞，B選項(xiàng)與此相符合。17.A)Theyencourageacademicdemocracy.B)Theypromoteglobalization.C)Theyupholdthepresidents’authority.D)Theyprotectstudents’rights.【答案】A【解析】題目問關(guān)于大學(xué)，我們可以從說話者的故事中了解到什么。篇章中提到“Butwhatwasreallyimportantaboutthatwastheuniversitiesstandoutasplacesthatreallyareabouttheauthorityofideas."，由此可推斷出大學(xué)鼓勵思想交流，鼓勵學(xué)術(shù)民主，A選項(xiàng)正確。18.A)Histhirstforknowledge.B)Hiseagernesstofindajob.C)Hiscontemptforauthority.D)Hispotentialforleadership.【答案】A【解析】題目是問說話者在挑戰(zhàn)他論文的年輕人身上看到了什么。聽力篇章中提及“a...youcouldn’tdebatethatyoungman’shungertolearn〞，由此可判斷選A。Questions19to22arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.19.A)Fewpeopleknowhowtoretrieveinformationproperly.B)Peoplecanenhancetheirmemorywithafewtricks.C)Mostpeoplehavearatherpoorlong-termmemory.D)Peopletendtounderestimatetheirmentalpowers.【答案】D【解析】聽力篇章一開始就提及，“Psychologicalresearchshowsweconsistentlyunderestimateourmentalpowers.〞，這與D選項(xiàng)完全符合。20.A)Theypresentthestatesinasurprisinglydifferentorder.B)Theyincludemoreorlessthesamenumberofstates.C)Theyareexactlythesameasisshownintheatlas.D)Theycontainnamesofthemostfamiliarstates.【答案】B【解析】聽力材料中提到，“Thetwolistswillcontainroughlythesamenumberofstatesbuttheywillnotbeidentical〞，由此可知此題答案為B選項(xiàng)。21.A)Focusingonwhatislikelytobetested.B)Havingagoodsleepthenightbefore.C)Reviewingyourlessonswheretheexamistotakeplace.D)Makingsensibledecisionswhilechoosingyouranswers.【答案】C【解析】題目問說話者對如何準(zhǔn)備和參加考試有何建議。聽力篇章中提及“Ifpossible,youshouldalsotrytolearninformationintheroomwhereitisgoingtobetested〞，這與C選項(xiàng)完全符合，故此題選C。22.A)Discoverwhenyoucanlearnbest.B)Changeyourtimeofstudydaily.B)Giveyourselfadoublebonusafterwards.D)Followtheexampleofamarathonrunner.【答案】A【解析】題目問關(guān)于學(xué)習(xí)，說話者給了我們什么建議。聽力篇章中曾提及：“Whenyoulearnisalsoimportant〞，這說明，要找到最適合自己學(xué)習(xí)的時間，故A選項(xiàng)正確。Questions23to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.23.A)Heisapolitician.B)Heisabusinessman.C)Heisasociologist.D)Heisaneconomist.【答案】C【解析】題目是問說話者是做什么的。聽力篇章中提及“Itconcernsnotonlyussociologistsbutalsoeconomists,politiciansandbusinesspeople.〞，答案為C選項(xiàng)。24.A)Inslums.B)InAfrica.C)Inpre-industrialsocieties.D)Indevelopingcountries.【答案】D【解析】題目是問說話者說在哪可以發(fā)現(xiàn)極度貧窮的情況。聽力篇章中提及：“Wheredoesextremepovertyoccur?Well,youcanfinditonlyindevelopingcountries.〞，因此此題答案選D。25.A)Theyhavenoaccesstohealthcare,letaloneentertainmentorrecreation.B)Theirincomeislessthan50%ofthenationalaveragefamilyincome.C)Theyworkextrahourstohavetheirbasicneedsmet.D)Theirchildrencannotaffordtogotoprivateschools.【答案】B【解析】題目是問家庭相對貧窮的美國人是什么樣的。聽力篇章中提及：“intheUnitedStatesafamilycanbeconsideredpooriftheirincomeislessthan50%ofthenationalaveragefamilyincome.〞，這與B選項(xiàng)完全符合。PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Let’sallstopjudgingpeoplewhotalktothemselves.Newresearchsaysthatthosewhocan’tseemtokeeptheirinnermonologues(獨(dú)白)inareactuallymorelikelytostayontask,remain__26__betterandshowimprovedperceptioncapabilities.Notbad,really,forsomeextramuttering.AccordingtoaseriesofexperimentspublishedintheQuarterlyJournalofExperimentalPsychologybyprofessorsGaryLupyanandDanielSwignley,theactofusingverbalcluesto__27__mentalpictureshelpspeoplefunctionquicker.Inoneexperiment,theyshowedpicturesofvariousobjectstotwenty__28__andaskedthemtofindjustoneofthose,abanana.Halfwere__29__torepeatoutloudwhattheywerelookingforandtheotherhalfkepttheirlips__30__.Thosewhotalkedtothemselvesfoundthebananaslightlyfasterthanthosewhodidn’t，theresearcherssay.Inotherexperiments,LupyanandSwignleyfoundthat__31__thenameofacommonproductwhenonthehuntforithelpedquickensomeone’space,buttalkingaboutuncommonitemsshowednoadvantageandslowedyoudown.Commonresearchhaslongheldthattalkingthemselvesthroughataskhelpschildrenlearn,althoughdoingsowhenyou’ve__32__maturedisnotagreatsignof__33__.Thetwoprofessorshopetorefutethatidea,__34__thatjustaswhenkidswalkthemselvesthroughaprocess,adultscanbenefitfromusinglanguagenotjusttocommunicate,butalsotohelp“augmentthinking〞.Ofcourse,youarestillencouragedtokeepthetalkingatlibrarytonesand,whateveryoudo,keeptheinformationyousharesimple,likeagrocerylist.Atany__35__,there’sstillsuchathingastoomuchinformation.26.【解析】F?？崭袂暗膔emain為系動詞，因此空格處需要填入一個形容詞；根據(jù)前面的句意“……更有可能堅(jiān)持做一件事〞，可知focused最為符合，表示“保持全神貫注〞，因此此題選F。27.【解析】L。根據(jù)空格前的to可判斷空格處應(yīng)填入動詞原形，根據(jù)句意，“使用口頭提示來記憶圖像〞，可知選項(xiàng)L符合。28.【解析】0?？崭袂笆橇吭~twenty，因此空格處需填入一個名詞復(fù)數(shù)；再由前邊的“Inoneexperiment〞可知這是一個實(shí)驗(yàn)，所以這里選擇volunteers〔志愿者〕最為適宜，故此題選0。29.【解析】H?？崭袂昂蠓謩e為be動詞were和介詞to，因此空格處需要填入一個動詞的被動語態(tài)；根據(jù)句意，“一半人被_____要大聲地重復(fù)他們要找的東西，〞可知instructed〔通知，指導(dǎo)〕最為適宜，因此此題答案選H。30.【解析】J。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可判斷空格處需要填入一個形容詞。再由theotherhalf對應(yīng)的是前邊的Half，可知這里的情況和前邊的不同，前邊說repeatoutloud〔大聲地重復(fù)〕，后邊自然就是要表達(dá)“不說話〞的意思，keepone’slipssealed即“閉上嘴巴、不說話〞的意思，故此題選J。31.【解析】M?？崭袂暗膖hat引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句，空格與后面的名詞詞組thenameofacommonproduct共同充當(dāng)賓語從句的主語，因此空格處應(yīng)填入動詞的-ing形式，根據(jù)句意可判斷uttering更為適宜，故此題選M。32.【解析】A?？崭袼诰涫且粋€現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)，空格前后組成謂語動詞havematured，因此空格處實(shí)際上并不缺成分，只可能填入一個副詞來修飾動詞matured，根據(jù)單詞意思，這里應(yīng)選apparently。33.【解析】C。根據(jù)空格前邊的agreatsignof可知，空格處缺少一個名詞；再根據(jù)句意，“當(dāng)你足夠成熟時，自言自語并不能顯示出你的_____〞，可知這里填入brilliance更為適宜。故此題選C。34.【解析】D?？崭袂斑吺且痪渫暾脑挘崭窈笫莟hat從句，由此判斷空格處填入動詞的-ing形式，作為前邊句子的伴隨狀語，并引導(dǎo)后面的賓語從句；分析選項(xiàng)，動詞的-ing形式只剩下claiming這一個詞，故此題選D。35.【解析】N?？崭裉幮枰钊胍粋€名詞，與前邊的Atany構(gòu)成介詞詞組；結(jié)合整篇文章的大意，此處填入volume最為適宜，故此題選N。SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.RichChildrenandPoorOnesAreRaisedVeryDifferently[A]ThelivesofchildrenfromrichandpoorAmericanfamilieslookmoredifferentthaneverbefore.[B]Well-offfamiliesareruledbycalendars,withchildrenenrolledinballet,soccerandafter-schoolprograms,accordingtoanewPewResearchCentersurvey.Thereareusuallytwoparents,whospendalotoftimereadingtochildrenandworryingabouttheiranxietylevelsandhecticschedules.[C]Inpoorfamilies,meanwhile,childrentendtospendtheirtimeathomeorwithextendedfamily.Theyaremorelikelytogrowupinneighborhoodsthattheirparentssayaren’tgreatforraisingchildren,andtheirparentsworryaboutthemgettingshot,beatenuporintroublewiththelaw.[D]Theclassdifferencesinchildrearingaregrowing—asymptomofwideninginequalitywithfar-reachingconsequences.Differentupbringingssetchildrenondifferentpathsandcandeepensocioeconomicdivisions,especiallybecauseeducationisstronglylinkedtoearnings.Childrengrowuplearningtheskillstosucceedintheirsocioeconomicstratum(階層),butnotnecessarilyothers.[E]“Earlychildhoodexperiencescanbeveryconsequentialforchildren’slong-termsocial,emotionalandcognitivedevelopment,〞saidSeanReardon,professorofpovertyandinequalityineducationatStanfordUniversity.“Andbecausethoseinfluenceeducationalsuccessandlaterearnings,earlychildhoodexperiencescastalifelongshadow.〞Thecyclecontinues:Poorerparentshavelesstimeandfewerresourcestoinvestintheirchildren,whichcanleavechildrenlesspreparedforschoolandwork,whichleadstolowerearnings.[F]Americanparentswantsimilarthingsfortheirchildren,thePewreportandpastresearchhavefound:forthemtobehealthyandhappy,honestandethical,caringandcompassionate.Thereisnobestparentingstyleorphilosophy,researcherssay,andacrossincomegroups,92%ofparentssaytheyaredoingagoodjobatraisingtheirchildren.Yettheyaredoingitquitedifferently.Middle-classandhigher-incomeparentsseetheirchildrenasprojectsinneedofcarefulcultivation,saysAnnetteLareau,whosegroundbreakingresearchonthetopicwaspublishedinherbookUnequalChildhoods:Class,RaceandFamilyLife.Theytrytodeveloptheirskillsthroughclosesupervisionandorganizedactivities,andteachchildrentoquestionauthorityfiguresandnavigateeliteinstitutions.[G]Working-classparents,meanwhile,believetheirchildrenwillnaturallythrive,andgivethemfargreaterindependenceandtimeforfreeplay.Theyaretaughttobecompliantandrespectfultoadults.Therearebenefitstobothapproaches.Working-classchildrenarehappier,moreindependent,complainlessandarecloserwithfamilymembers,Ms.Lareaufound.Higher-incomechildrenaremorelikelytodeclareboredomandexpecttheirparentstosolvetheirproblems.Yetlateron,themoreaffluentchildrenendupincollegeandonthewaytothemiddleclass,whileworking-classchildrentendtostruggle.Childrenfromhigher-incomefamiliesarelikelytohavetheskillstonavigatebureaucraciesandsucceedinschoolsandworkplaces,Ms.Lareausaid.[H]“Doallparentswantthemostsuccessfortheirchildren?Absolutely,〞shesaid.“Dosomestrategiesgivechildrenmoreadvantagesthanothersininstitutions?Probablytheydo.Willparentsbedamagingchildreniftheyhaveonefewerorganizedactivity?No,Ireallydoubtit.〞[I]Socialscientistssaythedifferencesariseinpartbecauselow-incomeparentshavelessmoneytospendonmusicclassorpreschool,andlessflexibleschedulestotakechildrentomuseumsorattendschoolevents.ExtracurricularactivitiesreflectthedifferencesinchildrearinginthePewsurvey,whichwasofanationallyrepresentativesampleof1,807parents.Offamiliesearningmorethan$75,000ayear,84%saytheirchildrenhaveparticipatedinorganizedsportsoverthepastyear,64%havedonevolunteerworkand62%havetakenlessonsinmusic,danceorart.Offamiliesearninglessthan$30,000,59%ofchildrenhavedonesports,37%havevolunteeredand41%havetakenartsclasses.[J]Especiallyinaffluentfamilies,childrenstartyoung.Nearlyhalfofhigh-earning,college-graduateparentsenrolledtheirchildreninartsclassesbeforetheywere5,comparedwithone-fifthoflow-income,less-educatedparents.Nonetheless,20%ofwell-offparentssaytheirchildren’sschedulesaretoohectic,comparedwith8%ofpoorerparents.[K]Anotherexampleisreadingaloud,whichstudieshaveshowngiveschildrenbiggervocabulariesandbetterreadingcomprehensioninschool.71%ofparentswithacollegedegreesaytheydoiteveryday,comparedwith33%ofthosewithahighschooldiplomaorless.Whiteparentsaremorelikelythanotherstoreadtotheirchildrendaily,asaremarriedparents.Mostaffluentparentsenrolltheirchildreninpreschoolordaycare,whilelow-incomeparentsaremorelikelytodependonfamilymembers.Disciplinetechniquesvarybyeducationlevel:8%ofthosewithapostgraduatedegreesaytheyoftenbeattheirchildren,comparedwith22%ofthosewithahighschooldegreeorless.[L]Thesurveyalsoprobedattitudesandanxieties.Interestingly,parents’attitudestowardeducationdonotseemtoreflecttheirowneducationalbackgroundasmuchasabeliefintheimportanceofeducationforupwardmobility.MostAmericanparentssaytheyarenotconcernedabouttheirchildren’sgradesaslongastheyworkhard.But50%ofpoorparentssayitisextremelyimportanttothemthattheirchildrenearnacollegedegree,comparedwith39%ofwealthierparents.[M]Less-educatedparents,andpoorerandblackandLatinoparentsaremorelikelytobelievethatthereisnosuchthingastoomuchinvolvementinachild’seducation.Parentswhoarewhite,wealthyorcollege-educatedsaytoomuchinvolvementcanbebad.Parentalanxietiesreflecttheircircumstances.High-earningparentsaremuchmorelikelytosaytheyliveinagoodneighborhoodforraisingchildren.Whilebullyingisparents’greatestconcernoverall,nearlyhalfoflow-incomeparentsworrytheirchildwillgetshot,comparedwithone-fifthofhigh-incomeparents.Theyaremoreworriedabouttheirchildrenbeingdepressedoranxious.[N]InthePewsurvey,middle-classfamiliesearningbetween$30,000and$75,000ayearfellrightbetweenworking-classandhigh-earningparentsonissueslikethequalityoftheirneighborhoodforraisingchildren,participationinextracurricularactivitiesandinvolvementintheirchildren’seducation.[O]Childrenwerenotalwaysraisedsodifferently.Theachievementgapbetweenchildrenfromhigh-andlow-incomefamiliesis30-40%largeramongchildrenbornin2001thanthoseborn25yearsearlier,accordingtoMr.Reardon’sresearch.Peopleusedtolivenearpeopleofdifferentincomelevels;neighborhoodsarenowmoresegregatedbyincome.Morethanaquarterofchildrenliveinsingle-parenthouseholds—ahistorichigh,accordingtoPew一andthesechildrenarethreetimesaslikelytoliveinpovertyasthosewholivewithmarriedparents.Meanwhile,growingincomeinequalityhascoincidedwiththeincreasingimportanceofacollegedegreeforearningamiddle-classwage.[P]Yettherearerecentsignsthatthegapcouldbestartingtoshrink.Inthepastdecade,evenasincomeinequalityhasgrown,someofthesocioeconomicdifferencesinparenting,likereadingtochildrenandgoingtolibraries,havenarrowed.[Q]Publicpoliciesaimedatyoungchildrenhavehelped,includingpublicpreschoolprogramsandreadinginitiatives.Addressingdifferencesintheearliestyears,itseems,couldreduceinequalityinthenextgeneration.36.Working-classparentsteachtheirchildrentobeobedientandshowrespecttoadults.37.Americanparents,whetherrichorpoor,havesimilarexpectationsoftheirchildrendespitedifferentwaysofparenting.38.Whilerichparentsaremoreconcernedwiththeirchildren’spsychologicalwell-being,poorparentsaremoreworriedabouttheirchildren’ssafety.39.Theincreasingdifferencesinchildrearingbetweenrichandpoorfamiliesreflectgrowingsocialinequality.40.Parentingapproachesofworking-classandaffluentfamiliesbothhaveadvantages.41.Higher-incomefamiliesandworking-classfamiliesnowtendtoliveindifferentneighborhoods.42.Physicalpunishmentisusedmuchlessbywell-educatedparents.43.Ms.Lareaudoesn’tbelieveparticipatinginfewerafter-classactivitieswillnegativelyaffectchildren’sdevelopment.44.Wealthyparentsareconcernedabouttheirchildren’smentalhealthandbusyschedules.45.Somesocioeconomicdifferencesinchildrearinghaveshrunkinthepasttenyears.36.【解析】G。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞working-classparents,respecttoadults可定位至[G]段。37.【解析】F。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞Americanparents和differentwaysofparenting可定位至[F]段。38.【解析】M。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞psychologicalwell-being和children'ssafety可定位至[M]段。39.【解析】D。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞differencesinchildrearing和inequality可定位至[D]段。40.【解析】G。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞proaches和approaches可定位至[G]段。41.【解析】O。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞neighborhoods可定位至[0]段。42.【解析】K。根椐題干中的關(guān)鍵physicalpunishment和well-educatedparents可定位至[K]段。43.【解析】H。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞Ms.Lareau和fewerafter-classactivities可定位至[H]段。44.【解析】B。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞mentalhealth和busyschedules可定位至[B]段。45.【解析】P。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞socioeconomicdifferences,shrunk和inthepasttenyears可定位至[P]段。SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Tennessee’stechnicalandcommunitycollegeswillnotoutsource(外包)managementoftheirfacilitiestoaprivatecompany,adecisiononeleadersaidwasbolsteredbyananalysisofspendingateachcampus.InanemailsentMondaytocollegepresidentsintheTennesseeBoardofRegentssystem,outgoingChancellorJohnMorgansaidaninternalanalysisshowedthateachcampus’spendingonfacilitiesmanagementfellwellbelowtheindustrystandardsidentifiedbythestate.Morgansaidthosefindings—whichincludeddatafromthesystem’s13communitycolleges,27technicalcollegesandsixuniversities—werepartofthedecisionnottomoveforwardwithGovernorBillHaslam’sproposaltoprivatizemanagementofstatebuildingsinanefforttosavemoney.“Whilethesenumbersarestillbeingvalidatedbythestate,wefeelanyadjustmentstheymightsuggestwillbeimmaterial,〞Morganwrotetothepresidents.“Systeminstitutionsareoperatingveryefficientlybasedonthisanalysis,raisingthequestionofthevalueofpursuingabroadscaleoutsourcinginitiative.〞Worker’sadvocateshavecriticizedHaslam’splan,sayingitwouldmeansomecampusworkerswouldlosetheirjobsorbenefits.Haslamhassaidcollegeswouldbefreetooptinoroutoftheoutsouringplan,whichhasnotbeenfinalized.MorgannotifiedtheHaslamadministrationofhisdecisiontooptoutinalettersentlastweek.Thatletter,whichincludesseveralconcernsMorganhaswiththeplan,wasoriginallyobtainedbyTheCommercialAppealinMemphis.Inanemailstatementfromthestate’sOfficeofCustomerFocusedGovernment,whichisexaminingthepossibilityofoutsourcing,spokeswomanMichelleR.MartinsaidofficialswerestillworkingtoanalyzethedatafromtheBoardofRegents.Dataonmanagementexpensesatthecollegesystemandinotherstatedepartmentswillbepartofa“businessjustification〞thestatewilluseasofficialsdeliberatethespecificsofanoutsourcingplan.“Thestate’sfacilitiesmanagementprojectteamisstillintheprocessofdevelopingitsbusinessjustificationandexpectstohavethatcompletedandavailabletothepublicattheendofFebruary,〞Martinsaid.“Atthistimethereisnothingtotakeactiononsincetheanalysishasyettobecompleted.〞Morgan’scommentsonoutsourcingmarkthesecondtimethismonththathehascomeoutagainstoneofHaslam’splansforhighereducationinTennessee.MorgansaidlastweekthathewouldretireattheendofJanuarybecauseofthegovernor’sproposaltosplitoffsixuniversitiesoftheBoardofRegentssystemandcreateseparategoverningboardsforeachofthem.Inhisresignationletter,Morgancalledthereorganization“unworkable〞.46.WhatdowelearnaboutthedecisionoftechnicalandcommunitycollegesinTennessee?A)Itisbackedbyacampusspendinganalysis.B)Ithasbeenflatlyrejectedbythegovernor.C)Itha