(完整版)大學(xué)英語六級考試2019年6月第2套真題及答案

PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayontheimportanceofmutualunderstandingandrespectininterpersonalrelationships.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________PartⅠWritingTheImportanceofMutualUnderstandingandRespectinInterpersonalRelationshipsForcollegestudents,aharmoniousinterpersonalrelationship,especiallyamongclassmates,canguaranteetheirhealthygrowthanddevelopment.Andasforme,mutualunderstandingandrespectisthekeytobuildingthisharmony.Foronething,collegestudentscomefromalloverthecountryandtheyallhavetheirownwayoflifeandcustoms,sowhenhavingconflictswitheachother,onlymutualunderstandingandrespectcanmakebothsidesreachanagreement.Iftheycanreachaconsensus,itwillbegoodforthemtomaintainlong-termfriendlyrelations.Foranotherthing,mutualunderstandingandrespectcanmakestudentsmorewillingtolearnfromtheirteachersandclassmates,thusmakingthemstudymoreefficiently,whichisconducivetocreatingaharmoniouslearningatmosphereforclasses.Inconclusion,mutualunderstandingandrespectisthebasisofgoodinterpersonalrelationships.Justasthesayinggoes,ifyouwanttowintherespectofothers,youfirstneedtorespectothers.Therefore,wheneveryoudisagreewithothers,trytoputyourselfintheirshoesandbemoretolerantandunderstanding.SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheetIwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.1.A)WhyRomanHolidaywasmorefamousthanBreakfastatTiffany's.B)WhyAudreyHepburnhadmorefemalefansthanmaleones.C)WhythewomanwantedtobelikeAudreyHepburn.D)Whysomanygirlsadored崇拜AudreyHepburn奧黛麗赫本.2.A)Heruniquepersonality.B)Herphysicalcondition.C)Hershiftofinteresttoperformingarts.D)Herfamily'ssuspensionoffinancialaid.3.A)Shewasnotanoutgoing外向的、活潑的person.B)Shewasmodestandhardworking.C)Shewaseasy-goingonthewhole.D)Shewasusuallynotveryoptimistic.4.A)Shewasinfluencedbytherolessheplayedinthefilms.B)Herparentstaughthertosympathizewiththeneedy.C)Shelearnedtovolunteerwhenshewasachild.D)Herfamilybenefitedfromotherpeople'shelp.Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.5.A)Giveapresentation.B)Raisesomequestions.C)Startanewcompany.D)Attendaboardmeeting.6.A)Itwillcutproductioncosts.B)Itwillraiseproductivity.C)Nostaffwillbedismissed解雇、開除、解散.D)Nonewstaffwillbehired.7.A)Thetimelineofrestructuring.B)Thereasonsforrestructuring重組、改制、調(diào)整.C)Thecommunicationchannels.D)Thecompany'snewmissions.8.A)Byconsultingtheirowndepartmentmanagers.B)Byemailingquestionstothemanorthewoman.C)Byexploringvariouschannelsofcommunication.D)Byvisitingthecompany'sowncomputernetwork.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwopassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions9to11arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.9.A)Ithelpspassengerstotakecareoftheirpetanimals.B)Ithasanimalstohelppassengerscarrytheirluggage.C)Itusestherapy治療、療法animalstosoothe安慰、安撫nervouspassengers.D)Itallowspassengerstohaveanimalstravelwiththem.10.A)Avoidingpossibledangers.B)Findingtheirwayaround.C)Identifyingdrugsmugglers.D)Lookingaftersickpassengers.11.A)Scheduletheirflightsaroundtheanimalvisits.B)Photographthetherapyanimalsattheairport.C)Keepsomeanimalsfortherapeuticpurposes.D)Bringtheirpetanimalsonboardtheirplane.Questions12to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.12.A)BesideabeautifullypaintedwallinArles.B)BesidethegateofanancientRomancity.C)AtthesiteofanancientRomanmansion.D)AttheentrancetoareceptionhallinRome.13.A)Anumberofdifferentimages.B)Anumberofmythologicalheroes.C)Variousmusicalinstruments.D)PaintingsbyfamousFrenchartists.14.A)Theoriginalityandexpertiseshown.B)Thestunningimagesvividlydepicted.C)Theworldlysophisticationdisplayed.D)Theimpressiveskillsandcostlydyes.15.A)Hisartistictasteissuperb.B)HisidentityremainsunclearC)Hewasacollectorofantiques.D)HewasarichItalianmerchant.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreerecordingsoflecturesortalksfollowedbythreeorfourquestions.Therecordingswillbeplayedonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.16.A)Theyencourageinternationalcooperation.B)Theylaystressonbasicscientificresearch.C)Theyplacegreatemphasisonempiricalstudies.D)Theyfavourscientistsfromitsmembercountries.17.A)Manyofthemwishtowininternationalrecognition.B)Theybelievethatmorehandswillmakelightwork.C)Theywanttofollowcloselytheinternationaltrend.D)Manyoftheirprojectshavebecomecomplicated.18.A)Itrequiresmathematicianstoworkindependently.B)Itisfacedwithmanyunprecedentedchallenges.C)Itlagsbehindotherdisciplinesincollaboration.D)Itcallsformoreresearchfundingtocatchup.Questions19to21arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.19.A)ScientiststriedtosendaballoontoVenus.B)ScientistsdiscoveredwateronVenus金星、維納斯.C)ScientistsfoundVenushadatmosphere.D)ScientistsobservedVenusfromaspacevehicle.20A)Itresembles相似、類似于Earthinmanyaspects.B)Itisthesameasfictionhasportrayed.C)Itisaparadiseofromanceforalienlife.D)ItundergoesgeologicalchangeslikeEarth.21.A)Itmighthavebeenhotterthanitistoday.B)Itmighthavebeenacozyhabitatforlife.C)ItusedtohavemorewaterthanEarth.D)Itusedtobecoveredwithrainforests.Questions22to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.22.A)Causesofsleeplessness.B)Cross-culturalcommunication.C)Culturalpsychology人文心理，文化心理學(xué).D)Motivationandpositivefeelings.23.A)Theyattachgreatimportancetosleep.B)Theyoftenhavetroublefallingasleep.C)Theypaymoreattentiontosleepefficiency.D)TheygenerallysleeplongerthanEastAsians.24.A)Byaskingpeopletoreporttheirsleephabits.B)Byobservingpeople'ssleeppatternsinlabs.C)Byhavingpeoplewearmotion意向、動作、打手勢-detecting發(fā)現(xiàn)、調(diào)查、察覺watches.D)Byvideotapingpeople'sdailysleepingprocesses.25.A)Ithasmaderemarkableprogressinthepastfewdecades.B)Ithasnotyetexploredthecross-culturalaspectofsleep.C)Ithasnotyetproducedanythingconclusive.D)Ithasattractedattentionallovertheworld.PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Thedreamofpersonalised個人化的、個性化的fightisstillvivid生動的、鮮明的、形象的inthemindsofmanyinventors發(fā)明家、發(fā)明者,somedevelopingcycle-powered循環(huán)電力、電能循環(huán)craft工藝、手藝、太空船,others_I_26pouring傾注、傾瀉__moneyintojetpacks(噴氣飛行背包).However,theflyingcarhasalwaysremainedthe_O_27ultimate最后的、最終的、極限的、根本的__symbol象征、符號、標(biāo)志ofpersonaltransportfreedom.Severalcompaniesaroundtheworldhaveproduced_J_28prototypes原型、雛形__thatcandriveonroadsandfly.Airbus空中巴士hasafuturistic未來主義的modular(組件式的)conceptinvolvingapassengercapsulethatcanbe_B_29detached單獨的、拆卸的__fromtheroad-goingchassis(底盤)andpickedupbyahelicopter直升機-typemachine.Butalltheseconceptsaremassively大量的、沉重的expensive,requiresafetycertificationstandardsforroadandair,need_C_30dual雙的、雙重的__controls,involvecomplexfolding折疊wings翅膀、展翼andpropellers推進(jìn)器、螺旋槳,andhavetobeflownfromair-strips.Sotheyarelikelytoremainrichpeople'splaythingsratherthanpracticaltransportsolutionsforthemasses群眾、大眾.“AcarthattakesofffromsomeLondonstreetandlandsinanother_K_31random任意的、隨機的__streetisunlikelytohappen,”saysProf.Gray,aleadingaeronautical航空的engineer."Skytaxisaremuchmorelikely."Butthatwon'tstopinventorsfromdreamingupnewwaystoflyandtryingtopersuadeinvestorstobacktheirsometimes_H_32outrageous太離譜的、不可能的__schemes方案、設(shè)計.Civilian平民，百姓aviation飛行、航空isbeingdisrupted破壞、中斷,notbytheage-old古老的、由來已久的desires欲望、心愿forspeed,romanticism浪漫主義的and_D_33glamour魅力、迷人的、魔力的__,butbythepressingneedtorespondtoachangingclimate.Newelectricenginescoupledwithartificialintelligenceand_A_34autonomous自發(fā)的、自主的、自治的__systemswillcontributetoamoreefficient,integratedtransportsystemthatislesspollutingandlessnoisy.Thatmaysoundsimple,butasProf.Graysays,"WhenItravelsomewhereIlikethisnotion意圖、打算、見解、概念thatwhenIfinishmyjourneyIfeelbetterthanwhenIstartedit.That'scompletelyat_F_35_odds幾率、勝算、賠率、不平等_withhowIfeeltoday."Nowthatwouldbeprogress.A)autonomousB)detachedC)dualD)glamourE)imminentF)oddsG)oppositesH)outrageousI)pouringJ)prototypesK)randomL)repressingM)segmentedN)spectrumO)ultimateSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.CompaniesAreWorkingwithConsumerstoReduceWasteA)Asconsumers,weareverywasteful.Annually,theworldgenerates1.3billiontonsofsolidwaste.Thisisexpectedtogoupto2.2billionby2025.Thedevelopedcountriesareresponsiblefor44%ofwaste,andintheU.S.alone,theaveragepersonthrowsawaytheirbodyweightinrubbisheverymonth.B)Conventionalwisdomwouldseemtosuggestthatcompanieshavenoincentivetolengthenthelifecycleoftheirproductsandreducetherevenuetheywouldgetfromsellingnewgoods.Yet,moreandmorebusinessesarethinkingabouthowtoreduceconsumerwaste.Thisispartlydrivenbytherisingpriceofrawmaterialsandmetals.Itisalsopartlyduetobothconsumersandcompaniesbecomingmoreawareoftheneedtoprotectourenvironment.C)Whenchoosingwhatproductstobuyandwhichbrandstobuyfrom,moreandmoreconsumersarelookingintosustainability.Thisisopposedtojustpriceandperformancetheywereconcernedaboutinthepast.Inasurveyof54oftheworld'sleadingbrands,almostallofthemreportedthatconsumersareshowingincreasingcareaboutsustainablelifestyles.Atthesametime,surveysonconsumersintheU.S.andtheU.K.showthattheyalsocareaboutminimizingenergyuseandreducingwaste.D)Forthemostpart,consumerscontrolwhathappenstoaproduct.Butsomecompaniesarerealizingthatplacingtheburdenofrecyclingentirelyontheconsumerisnotaneffectivestrategy,especiallywhentossingsomethingawayseemsliketheeasiestandmostconvenientoption.E)Someretailersandmanufacturersintheclothing,footwear,andelectronicsindustrieshavelaunchedenvironmentalprograms..Theywanttomaketheircustomersinterestedinpreservingtheirproductsandpreventingthingsthatstillhavevaluefromgoingtothegarbagedump.Byofferingservicestohelpexpandthelongevityoftheirproducts,they'repromisingqualityanddurabilitytoconsumers,andreceivingthereputationalgainsforbeingenvironmentallyfriendly.F)Forexample,theSwedishjeanscompanyNudieJeansoffersfreerepairattwentyoftheirshops.Insteadofdiscardingtheiroldworn-outjeans,customersbringthemintoberenewed.Thecompanyevenprovidesmail-orderrepairkitsandonlinevideos,sothatcustomerscanlearnhowtofixapairofjeansathome.Theirphilosophyisthatextendingthelifeofapairofjeansisnotonlygreatfortheenvironment,butallowstheconsumertogetmorevalueoutoftheirproduct.Whencustomersdowanttotosstheirpair,theycangivethembacktothestore，whichwillrepurposeandresellthem.Anotherclothingcompany,Patagonia,ahigh-endoutdoorclothingstore,followsthesameprinciple.IthaspartneredwithDIYwebsiteiFixittoteachconsumershowtorepairtheirclothing,suchaswaterproofouterwear,'athome.Thecompanyalsooffersarepairprogramfortheircustomersforamodestfee.Currently,Patagoniarepairsabout40,000garmentsayearintheirReno,Nevada,servicecenter.Accordingtothecompany'sCEO,RoseMarcario,thisisaboutbuildingacompanythatcaresabouttheenvironment.Atthesametime,offeringrepairsupportstheperceivedqualityofitsproducts.G)InBrazil,themultinationalcorporationAdidashasbeenrunningashoe-recyclingprogramcalled“SustainableFootprint”since2012.CustomerscanbringshoesofanybrandintoanAdidasstoretobeshreddedandturnedintoalternativefuelsforenergycreationinsteadofbeingburnedastrash,Theyareusedtofuelcementovens.Tomotivatevisitorstobringinmoreoldshoes,AdidasBrazilpromotestheprograminstoresbyshowingvideostoeducatecustomers,anditevenoffersadiscounteachtimeacustomerbringsinanoldpairofshoes.ThisbooststhereputationandimageofAdidasbymakingpeoplemoreawareofthecompany'svalues.H)Enormousopportunitiesalsoliewithe-waste.Itisestimatedthatin2014theworldproducedsome42millionmetrictonsofe-waste(discardedelectricalandelectronicequipmentanditsparts)withNorthAmericaandEuropeaccountingfor8and12millionmetrictonsrespectively.Thematerialsfrome-wasteincludeiron,copper,gold,silver,andaluminum-materialsthatcouldbereused,resold,salvaged,orrecycled.Together,thevalueofthesemetalsisestimatedtobeabout$52billion.ElectronicsgiantslikeBestBuyandSamsunghaveprovidede-wastetake-backprogramsoverthepastfewyears,whichaimtorefurbish(翻新)oldelectroniccomponentsandpartsintonewproducts.I)Forothercompaniesinterestedinreducingwaste,helpingtheenvironment,andprovidingthesustainablelifestylesthatconsumersseek,herearesomefirststepsforbuildingarelationshipwithcustomersthatfocusesonrecyclingandrestoringvaluetoproducts:J)Findpartners.Ifyouareamanufacturerwhoreliesonoutsidedistributors,thenretailersaretheidealpartnerforcollectingoldproducts.PowertoolmakerDeWaltpartnerswithcompanies,suchasLowesandNapaAutoParts,tocollectoldtoolsattheirstoresforrecycling.Thepartnershipbenefitsbothsidesbyallowingunconventionalpartners(forexample,twocompaniesfromtwodifferentindustries)toworktogetheronaspecificaspectofthevaluechain,like,inthisexample,anenginefirmwithanaccessoryone.K)Createincentives.Environmentalconscientiousnessisn'talwaysenoughtomakecustomersrecycleoldgoods.Forinstance,DeWaltdiscoveredthatmanycontractorswereholdingontotheiroldtools,evenftheynolongerworked,becausetheywereexpensivepurchasesanditwashardtojustifybringingthemintorecycle.Byofferinginstantdiscountsworthasmuchas$100,DeWaltlaunchedatrade-inprogramtoencouragepeopletobringbacktools.Asaresult,DeWaltnowreusesthosematerialstocreatenewproducts.L)Startwithatrialprogram,andexpecttochangethedetailsasyougo.Anytake-backprogramwilllikelychangeovertime,dependingonwhatworksforyourcustomersandcompanygoals.Maybeyouseelowcustomerparticipationatfirst,orconversely,somuchsuccessthatthecostofrecyclingbecomestoohigh.BestBuy,forinstance,hasbeenbearingthelion'sshareofe-wastevolumesincetwoofitslargestcompetitors,AmazonandWal-mart,donothavetheirownrecyclingprograms.Sincethelaunchofitsprogram,BestBuychangeditspolicytoadda$25feeforrecyclingoldtelevisionsinordertokeeptheprogramgoing.M)Buildacultureofcollectivevalueswithcustomers.Astrongerrelationshipbetweentheretailer/producerandtheconsumerisn'tjustaboutfinancialincentives.Bycreatingmoreawarenessaroundyoureffortstoreducewaste,andbydevelopingacultureofresponsibility,repair,andreuse,youcanbuildcustomerloyaltybasedonsharedvaluesandresponsibilities.N)Theseexamplesarejustthetipoftheiceberg,buttheydemonstratehowhelpingcustomersgetmoreuseoftheirmaterialscantransformvaluechainsandoperations.Reducingwastebyincorporatingusedmaterialsintoproductioncancutcostsanddecreasethepriceofprocurement(采購):lesstobeprocuredfromtheoutsideandmoretobere-utilizedfromtheinside.O)Companiesplayabigroleincreatingacirculareconomy,inwhichvalueisgeneratinglessfromextractingnewresourcesandmorefromgettingbetteruseoutoftheresourceswealreadyhave——buttheymustalsogetcustomersengagedintheprocess.36.Somecompaniesbelievethatproducts'prolongedlifespanbenefitsboththeenvironmentandcustomers.F37.Asurveyshowsshopperstodayaregettingmoreconcernedaboutenergyconservationandenvironmentalprotectionwhendecidingwhattobuy.C38.Companiescanbuildcustomerloyaltybycreatingapositivecultureofenvironmentalawareness.M39.Whencompanieslaunchenvironmentalprograms,theywillhavetheirbrandreputationenhanced.E40.Onemultinationalcompanyoffersdiscountstocustomerswhobringinoldfootweartobeusedasfuel.G41.Recyclingusedproductscanhelpmanufacturersreduceproductioncosts.N42.Electronicproductscontainvaluablemetalsthatcouldberecovered.H43.Itseemscommonlybelievedthatcompaniesarenotmotivatedtoprolongtheirproducts'ifespan.B44.Itisadvisableforcompaniestopartnerwitheachotherinproductrecycling.J45.Somebusinesseshavebeguntorealizeitmaynotbeeffectivetoletconsumerstakefullresponsibilityforrecycling.DSectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.EffectiveFriday,ScreenActorsGuild-AmericanFederationofTelevisionandRadioArtists(SAG-AFTRA)hasdeclaredastrikeagainst11videogamepublishersovergamesthatwentintoproductionafterFeb.17,2015.Thecompaniesincludesomeoftheheavyweightsoftheindustry,likeElectronicArtsProductions,InsomniacGames,ActivisionandDisney.Thestrikecomesinlightofanunsuccessful19monthsofnegotiationsaftertheexistinglaborcontractknownastheInteractiveMediaAgreementexpiredinlate2014.Overall,thestrikeisanefforttoprovidemoresecondarycompensationalongwithotherconcerns,suchastransparencyuponhiringtalentandon-set(制作中)safetyprecautions.Thevideogamingindustryhasballoonedinrecentyears.TheLosAngelesTimesreportsthattheindustryisinthemidstofanintenseincreaseincashflow.In2015,gamingproduced$23.5billionindomesticrevenue.ButSAG-AFTRAsaysvoiceactorsdon'treceiveresiduals(追加酬金)fortheirgamingwork.Instead,theyreceiveafixedrate,whichistypicallyabout$825forastandardfour-hourvocalsession.Sothevoiceactorsarepushingfortheideaofsecondarycompensation--aperformancebonuseverytimeagamesells2millioncopiesordownloads,orreaches2millionsubscribers,withacapat8million."It'saverysmallnumberofgamesthatwouldtriggerthissecondarycompensationissue,"saidvoiceactorCrispinFreeman,who'samemberoftheunion'snegotiatingcommittee."Thisisanimportantaspectofwhatitmeanstobeafreelance(從事自由職業(yè)的)performer,whoisn'tregularlyemployedeverysingledayworkingonprojects."Anothermajorcomplaintfromtheactorsisthesecrecyoftheindustry."Ican'timagineifthere'sanyotheractingjobintheworldwhereyoudon'tknowwhatshowyou'rein,whenyou'rehired,"saysvoiceactorKeytheFarley,whochairstheSAG-AFTRAnegotiatingcommittee."Andyetthathappenseverydayinthevideogameworld,"FarleytoldreportersduringapressconferenceFriday."IwasamaincharacterinFallout4,acharacterbythenameofKellogg,andIneverknewthatIwasdoingvocalrecordingforthatgamethroughouttheyearandahalf.ScottWitlin,thelawyerrepresentingthevideogamecompanies,saysvoiceactors"representlessthanonetenthof1percentoftheworkthatgoesintomakingavideogame."So"eventhoughthey'rethetopcraftsmenintheirfield,"Witlinsays,"ifwepaythemunderavastlydifferentsystemthanthepeoplewhodothe99.9percentofthework,that'sgoingtocreatefarmoreproblemsforthevideogamecompanies."46.WhydidSAG-AFTRAdeclareastrikeagainst為反對……而罷工somevideogamepublishers?A)Thelaborcontractbetweenthemhadbeenviolated.B)Itsappealtorenegotiatethecontracthadbeenrejected.C)Ithadbeencheatedrepeatedlyinthe19monthsoftalks.D)Thenegotiations談判、協(xié)商、磋商betweenthemhadbrokendown.47.Whatdowelearnfromthepassageaboutthevideogamingindustry?A)Ithasreaped收獲、收割hugeprofitsinrecentyears.B)Ithasbecomemoreopenandtransparent.C)Ithasattractedmanyfamousvoiceactors.D)Ithasinvestedalotinitsdomesticmarket.48.Whatarethevoiceactorsdemanding?A)Moreregularemployment.B)Anon-discriminatorycontract.C)Extrapay額外的費用、額外的報酬basedonsalesrevenues.D)Alimitonthemaximumworkhours.49.WhatdoesKeytheFarleysayaboutvoiceactors?A)Theyarekeptinthedarkaboutmanydetailsoftheirjob.B)Theyarediscriminatedagainstinthegamingindustry.C)Theyarenotpaidonaregularbasis.D)Theyarenotemployedfull-time.50.WhatistheargumentoflawyerScottWitlin?A)Voiceactorsshouldhaveapayraiseiftheyprovetobetopcraftsmen.B)Changingthepaysystemwouldcausetheindustrymoreproblems.C)Voiceactorsaremerecraftsmen,notprofessionalperformers.D)Payingvoiceactorsonanhourlybasisisinlinewiththelaw.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.OfficialsattheWhiteHouseannouncedanewspacepolicyfocusedonmanagingtheincreasingnumberofsatellitesthatcompaniesandgovernmentsarelaunchingintospace.SpacePolicyDirective-3laysoutgeneralguidelinesfortheUnitedStatestomitigate(緩解)theeffectsofspacedebrisandtrackandmanagetrafficinspace.ThispolicysetsthestagefortheDepartmentofCommercetotakeoverthemanagementoftrafficinspace.Thedepartmentwillmakesurethatnewlylaunchedsatellitesdon'tuseradiofrequenciesthatwouldinterferewithexistingsatellites,andschedulewhensuchnewsatellitescanbelaunched.ThisonlyappliestoAmericanspaceactivities,butthehopeisthatitwillhelpstandardizeasetofnormsinthedawningcommercialspaceflightindustrythroughouttheworld.Space,especiallythespacedirectlyaroundourplanet,isgettingmorecrowdedasmoregovernmentsandcompanieslaunchsatellites.Oneimpetusforthepolicyisthatcompaniesarealreadystartingtobuildmassiveconstellations(星座)，comprisinghundredsorthousandsofsatelliteswithmanymovingpartsamongthem.Withsomuchstuffinspace,andalimitedareaaroundourplanet,thegovernmentwantstoreducethechancesofacollision.Twoormoresatellitesslammingintoeachothercouldcreatemanymoreout-of-controlbitsthatwouldposeevenmorehazardstothegrowingcollectionofsatellitesinspace.Andit'snotlikethishasn'thappenedbefore.In2009anoldRussiancraftslammedintoacommunicationssatellite,creatingacloudofhundredsofpiecesofdebrisandputtingotherhardwareatrisk.JournalistSarahScolesreportsthatNASAcurrentlytracksabout24,000objectsinspace,andin2016theAirForcehadtoissue3,995,874warningstosatelliteownersalertingthemtoapotentialnearbythreatfromanothersatelliteorbitofdebris.That'swhythisnewpolicyalsoincludesdirectionstoupdatethecurrentU.S.GovernmentOrbitalDebrisMitigationStandardPractices,whichalreadyrequireanyentitythatlaunchesasatelliteorspacecrafttovigorouslyanalyzethelikelihoodthatanyoftheiractions,fromanunexpectedfailureornormaloperations,willcreatemorespacedebris.Itincludesaccountingforanypieceofdebristheyplantoreleaseover5mmthatmightstayinorbitfor25yearsormore.Itmightseemsurprisingtothinkaboutanitemstayinginspaceforthatlong,buttheoldestsatellitestillinorbit-Vanguard1-turned60in2018.Agenciesandcom