2023年職稱英語考試理工類C級試題2

2023年全國職稱英語理工類〔C級〕真題及答案解析人事考試教育網(wǎng)2023-10-2514:0【大中小】【我要糾錯】第1局部：詞匯選項〔第1～15題，每題1分，共15分〕下面每個句子中均有1個詞或短語劃有底橫線，請為每處劃線局部確定1個意義最為接近的選項。1.Thecompanyhastherighttoendhisemploymentatanytime.A.provideB.stopC.offerD.continue2.Intheprocess，thelightenergyconvertstoheatenergy.A.reducesB.dropsC.leavesD.changes3.Shegaveupherjobandstartedwritingpoetry.A.abandonedB.lostC.tookD.created4.Wearehappytoreportthatbusinessisboomingthisyear.A.riskyB.successfulC.failingD.open5.Wehavebeenthroughsomeroughtimestogether.A.longB.happyC.difficultD.short6.Thethiefwasfinallycapturedtwomilesawayfromthevillage.A.foundB.killedC.jailedD.caught7.WhataremychancesofpromotionifIstayhere？A.retirementB.advertisementC.replacementD.advancement8.Iproposethatwediscussthisatthenextmeeting.A.suggestB.demandC.orderD.request9.RodmanmetwithTonytotryandsettlethedisputeoverhiscontract.A.solveB.avoidC.markD.involve10.Canyougiveaconcreteexampletosupportyouridea？A.specificB.realC.specialD.good11.Itwasafascinatingpairing，withcleveruseofcolorandlight.A.largeB.wonderfulC.newD.familiar12.Wehaveseenamarkedshiftinourapproachtothesocialissues.A.quickB.regularC.clearD.great13.1wasshockedwhenIsawthesizeofthetelephonebill.A.excitedB.angryC.lostD.surprised14.Thepolicetookfingerprintsandidentifiedthebody.A.recognizedB.missedC.discoveredD.touched15.Ifwelcavenow，weshouldmissthetraffic.A.mixB.stopC.avoidD.direct第2局部：閱讀判斷〔第16～22題，每題1分，共7分〕下面的短文后列出了7個句子，請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對每個句子做出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息，請選擇A；如果該句提供的是錯誤信息，請選擇B；如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，請選擇C.AGreatQuakeComing?EveryonewholivesinSanFranciscoknowsthatearthquakesarecommoninthebavarea.Theyhadkeendevastatingin1906，forexample，amajorquakedestroyedabout28.000buildingsandkilledhundreds，perhapsthousandsofpeople.Residentsnowwonderwhenthenext"bigone"willstrike.It'sboundtohappensomeday.Atleastsevenactivefault〔斷層〕linesrunthroughtheSanFranciscoarea.Faultsareplaceswherepiecesofearth'scrust〔地殼〕slidepasteachother.Whenthesepiecesslip，thegroundshakes.Toprepareforthatday.scientistsareusingnewtechniquestoreanalyzethe1906earthquakeandpredicthowbadthedamagemightbewhenthenextonehappens.Onenewfindingaboutthe1906quakeisthattheSanAndreasFaultsplitapartfasterthanscientistshadassumedatthetime.Duringsmallearthquakes，faultsruptureatabout2.7kilometerspersecond.Duringbiggerquakes，however，rupturescanhappenatratesfasterthan3.5kilometerspersecond.Atsuchhighspeeds，massiveamountsofpressurebuildup，generatingundergroundwavesthatcancausemoredamagethanthequakeitself.LuckyforSanFancisco，thesepressurepulses〔脈沖〕traveledalwayfromthecityduffngthe1906event.Asbadasthedamagewas，itcouldhavebeenfarWorse.Lookingahead，scientistsaretryingtopredictwhenthenextmajorquakewilloccur.Recordsshowthatearthquakeswerecommonbefore1906event.Sincethen，theareahasbeenrelativelyquiet.Pattemsinthedata，however，suggestthattheprobabilityofamajorearthquakestrikingthebayareabefore2032isatleast62percent.NewbuildingsinsanFranciscoarequitesafeincaseoffuturequakes.Still，morethan84percentofthecity'sbuildingsareoldandweak.Analysessuggestthatanothermassiveearthquakewouldcauseextensivedamage.PeoplewholivetheretodaytendtofeelsafebecauseSanFranciscohasremainedprettyqmetforawhile.Accoedingtothenewresearch，however，it'snotamatterofwhetherthebigonewillhit.It'sjustamatterofwhen.16.TheSanFranciscoareaislocatedaboveseveralactivefaultlines.A.rightB.wrongC.notmentiond17.The1906earthquakeinSanFranciscoisthemostsevereoneinAmericanhistory.A.fightB.wrongC.notmentioned18.Thehighestspeedoffaultrupturesinthe1906quakewasmorethan3.5kilometerspersecondA.fightB.wrongC.notmentioned19.EarthquakesrarelyhappenedinSanFranciscobefore1906.A.fightB.wrongC.notmentioned20.SanFranciscoisfullypreparedforanotherbigearthquake.A.rightB.wrongC.notmentioned21.Scientistswillbeabletopredicttheexacttimeofanearthquakesoon.A.rightB.wrongC.notmentioned22.AmajorearthquakestrikingSanFranciscosomedayisinevitable.A.rightB.wrongC.notmentiond第3局部：概括大意與完成句子〔第23～30題，每題1分，共8分〕下面的短文后有2項測試任務(wù)：〔1〕第23～26題要求從所給的6個選項中為第1～4段每段選擇1個最正確標題；〔2〕第27～30題要求從所給的6個選項中為每個句子確定1個最正確選項。CellPhones1.Believeitornot，cellphoneshavebeenaroundforoveraquarterofacentury.ThefirstcommercialcellphonesystemwasdevelopedbytheJapanesein1979.Butcellphoneshavechangedalotsincethattime.Theearlycellphoneswerebigandheavybuttheyhavedevelopedintosmallandlightpalm-sizedmodels.Therehavebeenhugedevelopmentsintheirfunctions，too.Wehavehadcellforwarding，textmessaging，answeringservicesandhands-freeuseforyears，butnowtherearecountlessnewfacilities，suchasinstantaccesstotheinternetandreceivingandsendingphotos.2.Cellphoneshavebecomeverycommoninourlives；recentstatisticssuggestasmanyasoneinthreepeopleontheplanetnowhaveacellphone，andmostofthemsaytheycouldn'tlivewithoutone.Cellphonesareusedineveryareaofourlivesandhavebecomeanecessarytool，usedforessentialarrangements，socialcontactandbusiness.Theyhavemadeiteasiertocallforhelponthehighway.Theyhavemadeitpossibletokeepintouchwithpeople"onthemove"whenpeoplearetraveling.3.Cellphoneshavemadecommunicationeasierandhavereducedtheneedforfamilyarguments.Wecanusecellphonestoletourfamilyknowwe'llbelateorifthere'sachangeofplanoranemergency.Cellphoneshaveeasedtheworriesofmillionsofparentswhentheirteenagersareoutlate，theycannowcontacttheirchildrenatanytime.4.Thisdoesnotmeanthatcellphonesareallgoodnews.Theyhavebroughtwiththemanumberofnewheadachesfortheirowners：itcostsalottoreplacestolenphones，somethingthatisbecomingafrequentoccurrence，andhaveyoueverseensuchhugephonebills？Moreserious，however，isthepotentialhealthproblemtheybring：therearefearsthatradiationfromthephonesmaycausebraintumor〔腫瘤〕。Thismaybeatimebombwaitingtohappentoyoungerpeoplewhohavegrownupwithcellphonesthattheysimplycan'tlivewithout.23.Paragraph1_________________24.Paragraph2_________________25.Paragraph3________________26.Paragraph4_________________A.CellphonesandthefamilyB.CommercialcellphonesystemsC.CellphonesineverydaylifeD.CellphonesforteenagersE.HistoryofcellphonesF.Problemswithcellphones27.Nowadayscellphonesareequippedwith_______________28.Cellphonesarecommoninourlivesandhavebecome________________29.Wecanusecellphonestocommunicatewithotherswhenweencounter_________________30.Inspiteofmanybenefits，cellphoneshavebroughtfortheirowners_________________A.anecessity.B.anemergency.C.anumberofnewheadaches.D.familyarguments.E.bigandlightpalm-sizedmodels.F.countlessnewfacilities第4局部：閱讀理解〔第3l一45題，每題3分，共45分〕下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個最正確選項。第一篇ArcticMeltEarth'sNorthandSouthPolesalefamousforbeingcoldandicy.Lastyear，however，theamountoficeintheArcticOceanfeUt0arecordlow.Normally，icebuildsinArcticwatersaroundtheNorthPoleeachwinterandshrinksduringthesummer.Butformanyyears，theamountoficeleftbytheendofsummerhasbeendeclining.Since1979，eachdecadehasseenan11.4percentdropinendofsummericecover.Between1981and2000，iceintheArcticlost22percentofitsthickness，becoming1.13metersthinner.Lastsummer，Arcticseaicereacheditsskimpiestlevelsyet.Bytheendofsummer2007，theicehadshrunktocoveriust4.2millionsquarekilometers.That's38percentlessareathantheaveragecoveratthattimeofyear.Andit'saverylarge23percentbelowthepreviousrecordlow，whichwassetjust2yearsago.Thiscontinuingtrendhasscientistsconcerned.Theremaybeseveralreasonsfortheicemelt，saysJinlunZhang，anoceanographerattheUniversityofWashingtonatSeattle.UnusuallystrongwindsblewthroughtheArcticlastsummer.ThewindspushedmuchoftheiceoutofthecentralArctic.leavingalargeareaofthiniceandopenwater.ScientistsalsosuspectthatfewercloudscovertheArcticnowthaninthepast.Clearerskiesallowmoresunlighttoreachtheocean.Theextraheatwarnlsboththewaterandtheatmosphere.InpartsoftheArcticOceanlastyear，surfacetemperatureswere3.5℃warmerthanaverageand1.5℃warmerthanthepreviousrecordhigh.Withbothairandwatergettingwarmer，theiceismeltingfrombothaboveandbelow.InsomeDarts0ftheBeaufortSea，northofAlaskaandwesternCanada，icethatmeasured3.3metersthickatthebeginningofthesummermeasuredjust50centimetersbyseason'send.Thenewmeasurementssuggestthatmeltingisfarmoreseverethanscientistshaveseenbyjustlookingaticecoverfromabove，saysDonaldK.Perovich，ageophysicistattheU.S.ArmyColdRegionsResearchandEngineeringLaboratoryinHanover，N.H.SomescientistsfearthattheArcticisstuckinawarmingtrendfromwhichitmayneverrecover.31.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheword"build"inthefirstsentenceofthesecondparagraph？A.constructB.extendC.createD.expand32.WhatistheicecoverintheArcticbytheendof2007summer？millionsquarekilometersB.11.4millionsquarekilometersC.1.13millionsquarekilometersD.38millionsquarekilometers33.Whatarethereasonsfortheicemeltingaccordingtothescientists？A.strongwindsandclearskiesB.longsummerandshortwinterC.openwaterandthiniceD.lightcloudsandlightwinds34.Whyistheicemeltingfrombothaboveandbelow？A.Becauseextraheatwarmstheair.B.Becauseextraheatwarmsthewater.C.Becausethetemperatureabovethewaterishigher.D.RnthAandB.35.Whatcanbeapossibletitleforthepassage？A.WhatarescientistslookingforintheArcticOcean？B.WhatarescientistsdoingintheArcticOcean？C.WhyarescientistsworryingabouttheArcticOcean？D.WhyarescientistsinterestedintheArcticOcean？第二篇CitizenScientistsUnderstandinghownaturerespondstoclimatechangewillrequiremonitoringkeylifecycleevent-flowering，theappearanceofleaves，thefirstfrogcallsofthespringallaroundtheworld.Butecologistscan'tbeeverywheresothey'returningtonon-scientists，sometimescalledcitizenscientists，forhelp.CIimatescientistsarenotpresenteverywhere.Becausetherearesomanyplacesintheworldandnotenoughscientiststoobserveallofthem，they'reaskingforyourhelpinobservingsignsofclimatechangeacrosstheworld.Thecitizenscientistmovementencouragesordinarypeopletoobserveaveryspecificresearchinterest-birds，trees，flowersbudding，etc.andsendtheirobservationstoagiantdatabasetobeobservedbyprofessionalscientists.Thishelpsasmallnumberofscientiststrackalargeamountofdatathattheywouldneverbeabletogatherontheirown.Muchlikecitizenjournalistshelpinglargepublicationscoverahyper-localbeat，citizenscientistsarereadyfortheconditionswherethevlive.Allthat'sneededtobecomeoneisafewminuteseachdayoreachweektogatherdataandsenditin.AgroupofscientistsandeducatorslaunchedanorganizationlastyearcalledtheNationalPhenologyNetwork."Phenology"iswhatscientistscallthestudyofthetimingofeventsinnature.Oneofthegroup'sfirsteffortsreliesonscientistsandnon-scientistsaliketocollectdataaboutplantfloweringandleafingeveryyear.Theprogram，calledProjeetBudBurst，collectslifecycleda.taonavarietyofcommonplantsfromacrosstheUnitedStates.PeopleparticipatingintheprojectwhichisopentoeveryonerecordtheirobservationsontheProjectBudBurstwebsite."Peopledon'thavetobeplantexperts，theyjusthavetolookaroundandseewhat'sintheirneighborhood，"saysJenniferSchwartz，aneducationconsultantwiththeproject."Aswecollectthisdata.we'llbeabletomakeanestimateofhowplantsandcommunitiesofplantsandanimalswillrespondastheclimatechanges."36.Ecologiststurntonon-scientistcitizensforhelpbecausetheyneedthem__________________.A.toprovidetheirpersonallifecyclesB.toobservethelifecycleofplantsC.tocollectdataofthelifecycleoflivingthingsD.toteachchildrenknowledgeaboutclimatechange37.Whatarecitizenscientistsaskedtodo？A.Todevelopaspecificresearchinterestandbecomeprofessionalscientists.B.Tosendtheirresearchobservationstoaprofessionaldatabase.C.Toincreasetheirknowledgeaboutclimatechange.D.Tokeeparecordoftheirresearchobservations.38.In"Allthat，sneededtobecomeone…〔paragraph2〕"，whatdoestheword"one"standsfor？A.acitizenjournalistB.acitizenscientistC.ascientistD.acitizen39.WhatisNOTtrueofProjectBudBurst？A.Onlyexpertscanparticipateinit.B.Everybodycanparticipateinit.C.Itcollectslifecycledataonavarietyofcommonplants.D.Ithasitsownwebsite.40.WhatisthefinalpurposeofProjectBudBurst？A.Tostudywhenplantswillhavetheirfirstbuds.B.Tofindoutthetypesofplantsintheneighborhood.C.TocollectlifecycledataonavarietyofcommonplantsfromacrosstheUnitedStates.D.Toinvestigatehowplantsandanimalswillrespondastheclimatechanges.第三篇RocketsintheSkyIfsomeoneaskedyou."Whatcoloristhesky？"Iexpectthatyouwouldanswer，"Blue."Iamafraidthatyouwouldbewrong.Theskyhasnocolor.Whenweseeblue，wearelookingatbluesunlight.Thesunlightisshiningonlittlebitsofdustintheair.Weknowthatthereisairallaroundtheworld.Wecouldnotbreathewithoutair.Airplanescoutdnotflywithoutair.Theyneedairtolifttheirwings.Airplanescannotflyveryhighbecauseastheygohighertheairgetsthinner.Ifwegofarenoughawayfromtheearth，wefindthereisnoair.Whatisthesky？Theskyisspace.Inthisspacethereisnothingexceptthesun，themoonandallthestars.Scientistshavealwayswantedtoknowmoreabouttheotherworldsinthespace.Theyhavelookedatthemthroughtelescopesandinthiswaytheyhavefoundoutagreatdeal.Themoonisabout384.000kilometersawayfromtheearth.Anairplanecannotflytothemoonbutthereisathingthatcanflyevenwhenthereisnoair.Thisisrocket.Iamsurethatyouareasking."Howdoesarocketfly？"Ifyouwanttoknow，getaballoonandthenblowitupuntilitisquitebig.Donottieuptheneckoftheballoon.Letgo！Theballoonwillflyoffthroughtheairveryquickly.Theairinsidetheballoontriestogetout.Itrushesoutthroughneck0ftheballOOflandthispushestheballoonthroughtheair.Itdoesnotneedwingslikeanair.plane.Thisishowarocketworks.Itisnotmadeofrubberlikeaballoon，ofcourse.Itismadeofmetal.Themetalmustnotbeheavybutitmustbeverystrong.Thereisgasinsidetherocketwhichismadeveryhot.Whenitrushesoutoftheendoftherocket，therocketispushedupintotheair.Rocketscanflyfaroutintospace.Rocketswithmeninsidethemhavealreadyreachedthemoon.Severalrockets，withoutmeninsidethem，havebeensenttootherworldsmuchfartheraway.Onedayrocketsmaybeabletogoanywhereinthespace.41.Whatcoloristhesky？A.ItiSblue.B.ItiSwhite.C.Itisgrey.D.Ithasnocolor.42.Whenanairplanefliestoohigh，___________.A.theairwillbetoothintosupportitswings.B.theairwillbecomethicker.C.theairwillexertpressureonit.D.theairwilldisappearinnotime.43.Arocketcanflytothemoonbecause__________A.itlookslikeaballoon.B.itismuchlighterthananairplane.C.itdoesn'thavewings.D.itworkslikeanuntiedballoon.44.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutarocketisNOTtrue？A.Itcanflywhenthereisnoair.B.Itcanflywithoutwings.C.Itismadeofstrongmetal.D.Itispropelledbyburninggasinsideit.45.Arocketispushedupintotheairwhen__________A.hotgasrushesoutofitshead.B.itispoweredbygas.C.hotgasrushesoutofitsbottom.D.hotgasrushesoutofitsneck.第5局部：補全短文〔第46～50題，每題2分。共lO分〕下面的短文有5處空白，短文后有6個句子，其中5個取自短文，請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容將其分別放回原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。HousesofFutureWhatwillhousesbelikeinthirtyyears'time？Noonereallyknows，butarchitectsaretryingtopredict.________〔46〕。Futurehouseswillhavetobeflexible.Inthirtyyears'timeevenmoreofuswillbeworkingfromhome.Sowewillhavetobeabletouseareasofthehouseforworkforpartofthedayandforlivingfortherest.Familiesgrowandchangewithchildrenarriving，growingupandleavinghome._________〔47〕，nothingwillbeasfixedasitisnow.Thehousewillalwaysbechangingtomeetchangingneeds.Everyoneagreesthatinthirtyyeasr'stimewewillbelivingin"intelligent"houses.Wewillbeabletotalktoourkitchenmachinesanddiscusswiththemwhattodo.Likethis，"we'llbehayingapartythisweekend.Whatfoodshallwecook？"_________〔48〕。Wewillbeabletoleavemostofthecookingtothemachines，justtastingthingsfromtimetotimetocheck.Thehouseofthefuturewillbepersonal-eachhouse，__________〔49〕，youwon'thayetopaintthem-you'llbeabletotellthewalltochangethecolor！Andifyoudon'tlikethecolorthenextday.Youwillbeabletohaveanewone.______〔50〕。A.youwillbeabletochangethecolorofthewalleasilyB.theonlythingyouwon'tbeabletodoismovingthehousesoreewhereelseC.andthemachinewilltelluswhatfoodwewillhavetobuyandhowt0cookitD.whatwillourhomebelikeE.thehouseofthefuturewillhavetogrowandchangewiththefamilyF.thekidsmighttaketheirbedroomswiththemasthevhave第6局部：完形填空〔第51～65題，每題1分，共15分〕下面的短文有15處空白，請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容為每處空白確定1個最正確選項。SeeingRedMeansDangerAheadThecolorredoftenmeansdangerandbypayingattention，accidentscanbeprevented.Inthefuture，thecolorredalsomayhelp__________〔51〕dangeratconstructionsites.Thankstonewworkbyengineers，bridgesupportsor_________〔52〕kindsofmaterialscouldonedavcontainacolorswitchingmaterial.Itwillturnred__________〔53〕astructurecollapsesorfallsapart.Thesecret_________〔54〕thecolorswitchingmaterialisaparticulartypeofmolecule〔分子〕。Amoleculeisagroupofatoms〔原子〕heldtogetherbychemicalbonds.Moleculescome〔55〕allshapesandsizes，andmakeup___________〔56〕。Youcansee，touchorfeel.Howamole.culebehavesdependson___________〔57〕kindsofatomsitcontains，andhowthev'reheldtogether.Whenapolymer〔聚合物〕containingacolorswitchingmoleculecalledamechanophore〔機械響應(yīng)性聚合物〕whichisabouttobreak，itproducea__________〔58〕。Whenapolymerwithmechanophoremoleculesbecomes"injured"or_______________〔59〕，oneofthemechanophorebonds__________〔60〕andthematerialturnsred."It'sareallysimpledetectionmethod."saysNancySottos，oneofthescientistswhoworkedontheproject.Sottosandherteamtestedthecolorswitc.hingpolymersintheirlab.Thetest__________〔61〕provedencouraging.Thereisawaytogetridofthecolor.light.Whenabrightlightisshoneonthemechanophore.Thebrokenbondisfixedandtheredcolor____________〔62〕。This"self-healing"maybeaProblemforengineers.Theyneedtousethecolorchangerinbigconstructionprojectsthatwillbe〔63〕insunlight.Andsunlightwillmakethemechanophore'swarmingsystem_________〔64〕。Sottosandherfellowscientistsstillhave______________〔65〕worktodobefore.Thecolorswitc.hingmoleculescanbeusedoutsidethelab.51.A.throwB.preventC.createD.keep52.A.otherB.anotherC.theotherD.others53.A.untilB.althoughC.afterD.before54.A.onB.behindC.underD.down55.A.forB.inC.fromD.at56.A.nothingB.anyoneC.someoneD.everything57.A.whyB.howC.whatD.where58.A.colorB.troubleC.whatD.where59.A.strongB.soffC.weakD.time60.A.closesB.breaksC.increasesD.bums61.A.resultsB.rulesC.toolsD.methods62.A.repairsB.controlsC.finishesD.disappears63.A.insideB.besideC.outsideD.above64.A.dangerousB.uselessC.helpfulD.important65.A.apartofB.atypeofC.alotofD.apartof參考答案：第1局部：詞匯選項1.B[解析]本句話的意思是公司有權(quán)在任何時候與他終止勞動關(guān)系。provide，offer：提供；continue：繼續(xù)；只有stop和end同義，為終止、結(jié)束的意思。2.D[解析]本句話的意思是在這個過程中，光能轉(zhuǎn)化成熱能。reduce，drop：減少；leaveto：留給；只有claange同convert，意為轉(zhuǎn)化。3.A[解析]本句話的意思是她放棄了工作開始寫詩。abantlon：主動放棄，同giveup；lost：被動喪失，不符；takethejob，搭配不當(dāng)；create：創(chuàng)造，語意不通。4.B[解析]本句話的意思是我們非常快樂地宣布今年的業(yè)績輝煌。risky：有風(fēng)險的；successful：成功的，同booming；failing：失敗的；open：開放的。5.C[解析]本句話的意思是我們一起渡過了艱難的時期。diffocult：艱難，同mugh；long：長時間的；happy：快樂的；short：短時間的。6.D[解析]本句話的意思是小偷在離村子兩英里的地方被抓住了。found：找到；killed：被殺；jailed：投進監(jiān)獄；caught：抓住，同capturecl.7.D[解析]本句話的意思是如果我留下來，未來有哪些晉升的時機呢？retirement：退休；advertisement：廣告；replacement：替代；advancement：提升、晉升，同promotion.8.A[解析]本句話的意思是我建議我們下一次會上討論這個。demancl，order，request均意為強烈的要求；只有suggest意為建議、提議。9.A[解析]本句話的意思是R0dman見Tony，希望能解決關(guān)于他合同上的糾紛。solve：解決，同settle；avoid：防止；mark：標記；involve：陷入，涉及。10.A[解析]本句話的意思是你能給出一個具體的例子來支持你的觀點么？specific：具體的，同concrete；real：真實的；special：特別的；goocl：好的。11.B[解析]本句話的意思是這幅畫太棒了，色彩和光影的運用特別巧妙。large：大；wonclerful：棒、好極了，同fascinating〔夢幻的，很好的〕；new：新的；famlliar：熟悉的。外語￥教育網(wǎng)編輯整理12.D[解析]本句話的意思是，我們在社會問題的解決方法上已有了重大的改變。quick：快速；regulaur：尋常的；clear：清晰的；greal：重大的，偉大的，同marked〔具有標志性意義的〕。13.D[解析]本句話的意思是當(dāng)我看到賬單時，我驚呆了。excited：沖動；aJlgry：生氣；lost：迷失了；surpEised：驚訝，同slIOCked〔震驚，驚呆〕。14.A[解析]本句話的意思是警察取得指紋，確認了尸體的身份。recognize：確認，認出，同identity〔確認〕；missed：錯過；discovered：發(fā)現(xiàn)；touch：觸摸。15.C[解析]本句話的意思是如果我們現(xiàn)在走，應(yīng)該可以防止交通頂峰。mix：混合；stop：停止；avoid；防止，同miss〔錯過，想念〕。direct：指導(dǎo)。第2局部：閱讀判斷16.A[解析]文章第一段的倒數(shù)第三句就說到至少有七條地質(zhì)斷層穿越舊金山而過。17.C[解析]文章雖然說舊金山大地震的破壞力非常之大，但是沒有明確指出其程度是美國歷史之最，所以是"notment：ionecl".18.A[解析]文章中說到較大一點的地震其速度至少會超過3500米，而問題為舊金山大地震時斷層滑動最快的速度可以到達多少，根據(jù)邏輯推斷，應(yīng)該是超過3500米，所以正確。19.B[解析]文章第五段的第二句話就說到1906年前地震頻繁，所以題干錯誤。20.B[解析]雖然文章的五、六兩段都闡述了科學(xué)家們做的積極準備，以及新建建筑物的牢固程度，但之后又話鋒一轉(zhuǎn)，說還有84％的老樓不夠平安，而在最后一段，也提及人們的心態(tài)似乎比擬放松，沒有較多的憂患意識，因此來判斷該題不正確。21.C[解析]第五段的最后一句話說科學(xué)家們預(yù)測到62％地震發(fā)生的概率，但是這并不意味著科學(xué)家們就能預(yù)測出準確的時間，最后一段也說明這是個時間問題，而沒有明確說明時間，所以該題選擇沒有提及。22.A[解析]此題如上題，科學(xué)家們預(yù)測出了地震發(fā)生的概率為62％，同時最后一句話說只是時間問題，可見，大地震襲擊舊金山是不可防止的。參考譯文大地震要來了？居住在舊金山的每個人都知道海灣地區(qū)易發(fā)生地震，并且它們可以是消滅性的。例如在1906年，一場大地震摧毀了28，000幢建筑并奪去了成千上萬人的性命。舊金山的居民們都在擔(dān)憂下一場這樣的世紀大地震何時到來。這勢必會發(fā)生，因為至少有七條活潑的地質(zhì)斷層線穿過舊金山。斷層指的是地殼之間發(fā)生相互滑動的位置，當(dāng)斷層面滑動時，地震就發(fā)生了。為了做好防范，科學(xué)家們采用了一些新技術(shù)再次分析1906年大地震，來預(yù)測下一場地震來時，會造成多大的破壞。一個新的發(fā)現(xiàn)就是1906年大地震時，舊金山斷層滑移的速度比科學(xué)家們原先預(yù)想的要快一些。發(fā)生小地震時，斷層斷裂的速度是每秒2700米。而大一點的地震，移動的速度可以超過每秒3500米。如此之快的速度將產(chǎn)生巨大的壓力，其所生成的地震波比地震本身的破壞力更為強大。而舊金山幸運的是，地震時壓力脈沖的運行遠離了城市，否那么損失將更為巨大，盡管破壞已經(jīng)夠嚴重的了。放眼未來，科學(xué)家們正在預(yù)測下一場地震何時會來。記錄顯示，在1096年前，地震就經(jīng)常發(fā)生。1906年之后，地殼似乎安靜了一些。但根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)顯示，在2032年之前，下一場大地震襲擊海灣地區(qū)的可能性至少有62％?，F(xiàn)在，盡管舊金山新建的大樓為了預(yù)防地震建造得十分鞏固、平安，但仍有84％的建筑物老、舊危險。分析數(shù)據(jù)顯示，下一場大地震很可能會造成巨大的損失。由于地殼運動漸漸平復(fù)，居住在舊金山的人們平安感漸長。但根據(jù)最新的研究，大地震終將發(fā)生，只是時間的問題。第3局部：概括大意與完成句子23.E[解析]第一段開篇就說創(chuàng)造到現(xiàn)在幾近四分之一個世紀，又比照了早期和近期在功能上的不同，可以想見是在表達的歷史。24.C[解析]第二段講在人們的生活中十分普及，許多人離不開，用于各個場合，因而意在說明存在于每個人的生活中。25.A[解析]第三段例舉了對于家人聯(lián)系上的作用，有助于減少家庭的誤會糾紛，有助于父母聯(lián)系孩子，因而講的是同家庭的關(guān)系。26.F[解析]最后一段第一句就說明了該段要講的是帶來的問題，段中舉了青少年的例子，因此D選項有一定的迷惑性，但是縱觀全段，還是不局限于只描寫青少年，因此選F.27.F[解析]文中原文：flowtlaerearecountlessnewfacilities28.A[解析]文中原文：cellplnonesaretlseclineveryarea0fourliyesancIllaveIlecomeanecessarytool29.B[解析]文中原文：wecanusecellphonestoletourfamilyknowwe'llbelateoriftlaere'sasuddenchangeofplanoranemergency30.C[解析]文中原文：tlleyhavebroughtwithtllemanumberofnewIleaclacIlesfortheirowners參考譯文無論你信不信，的誕生到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)近四分之一個世紀了。1979年，日本研發(fā)了第一個商業(yè)系統(tǒng)，當(dāng)然，現(xiàn)在的系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)更新了好幾代了。早期的又大又重，而現(xiàn)在它已經(jīng)變得如巴掌般大小輕巧。且在功能上有了飛躍式的改良。呼叫轉(zhuǎn)接、發(fā)短信、答錄功能和免提功能，這些早已出現(xiàn)，但現(xiàn)在又有了數(shù)不盡的新功能，如即時上網(wǎng)和收發(fā)圖片。早已在人們的生活中普及，最新的數(shù)據(jù)顯示世界每三個人中就有一個擁有，并且很多人說他們離不開。生活的各個方面都可能需要用到，它已成為一項必備的工具，用于社交和商業(yè)場合。如果你的車在高速公路上出現(xiàn)事故，能迅捷地為你呼叫幫助。當(dāng)人們在"四處奔波"時，即旅游的時候，也能夠保持聯(lián)系。使得人們的聯(lián)系更為便捷并且在一定程度上減少了家人之間的爭辯。當(dāng)我們要遲到、臨時變更方案或發(fā)生突發(fā)緊急事件時，我們可以及時通知家人。使得成千上萬的父母放下心來，當(dāng)他們的孩子外出晚歸時，他們可以隨時保持聯(lián)系。但這也并不意味著帶來的都是好處。它同時也給主人帶來了一系列麻煩事：如果你遭竊，那么再買一個的本錢也不小，這恐怕也是家常便飯的事了。另外，你要為話費賬單花很多錢。還有更為潛在的健康問題，人們擔(dān)憂的輻射可能會導(dǎo)致腦腫瘤。這對于那些由陪伴成長的青少年來說，無疑是一枚定時炸彈。第4局部：閱讀理解第一篇31.D[解析]本句話的譯文為每年冬天北極附近的北冰洋開始結(jié)冰，build為結(jié)冰的意思，expanel有容積擴張的意思，所以與build相符；而construct為修筑、建筑的意思，所以不能選。32.A[解析]原文為bytheendofsummer2007，theicehadshrunktocoverjust.4.2millionsquarekilometers.33.A[解析]第五段的最后一句話和第六段的第一、二句話說明了科學(xué)家們推測冰川融化的原因，一為強風(fēng)；二為較少的云，即clearskies.34.D[解析]據(jù)第七段的第一句話withbothairantlwatergettingwarmer可知。35.C[解析]本文講述的科學(xué)家們擔(dān)憂氣溫上升、冰川融化，最后一句話表達了主旨，所以選C.參考譯文北極冰山融化地球的北極和南極都以冰冷聞名。但是，去年北冰洋上的冰含量跌到了歷史最低點。正常情況下，每年冬天北極附近的北冰洋開始結(jié)冰，并在夏天縮減。但是多年以來，夏天結(jié)束時冰的含量在下降。自從1979年以來，每10年在夏季末的冰覆蓋量都下降11.4％。在1981到2000年之間，北極冰的厚度下降了22％，變成了1.13米這么薄。去年，北極的冰雪覆蓋到達了最薄的程度。在2007年夏天快結(jié)束的時候，冰層已經(jīng)縮減到只覆蓋420萬平方公里。這比往年的平均覆蓋面積少38％，比2年前最低記錄少23％。這個持續(xù)的趨勢令科學(xué)家們?nèi)f分擔(dān)憂。冰雪融化有許多原因，西雅圖華盛頓大學(xué)的海洋學(xué)家張金倫說，有許多原因?qū)е铝吮鶎尤诨?。極不尋常的強風(fēng)去年刮過大西洋，把大西洋中部的冰吹散去，留下大面積的薄冰和沒有冰覆蓋的海面。科學(xué)家們還疑心在大西洋上空有跟過去相比越來越少的云層。晴朗的天空使更多的陽光照射大西洋。額外的熱量使水和空氣都變得溫暖。去年大西洋的局部海域，外表溫度比平均溫度高3.5攝氏度，比歷史最高點還高1.5攝氏度。由于空氣和水都變暖，冰從上面和下面都開始融化。在波弗特海的局部海域，阿拉斯加的北部和加拿大的西部，夏天開始時冰的厚度為3.3米，但到了季末僅僅為50厘米。新的測量說明，情況遠遠比科學(xué)家們僅僅從外表上看到的嚴重得多。新罕布什爾州漢諾威市的地球物理學(xué)家DonaldK.Perovich如是說。一些科學(xué)家擔(dān)憂北極已經(jīng)深陷變熱的趨勢不能恢復(fù)。第二篇36.C[解析]前文提到科學(xué)家們沒有可能去觀察每一個地方的氣候變化現(xiàn)象，所以邀請普通人為他們觀察、收集信息。37.B[解析]根據(jù)"sentltlaeii'obseivationstoagiantdataJbaset0beobsetveclbyprofessionalscientists''可得知。38.B[解析]根據(jù)后文"afewminuteseachday0reachweektogatherdataandsencIitin"，可見就是對citizenscientist的描述。39.A[解析]文章全文都在說普通人參與科學(xué)研究的工程，因此，只有A選項不符合。其他選項都能在文中找出。40.D[解析]問題為finalpurpose，所以選D，跳過C.參考譯文公民科學(xué)家理解大自然對氣候變化有怎樣的反響需要監(jiān)視世界各個角落的關(guān)鍵的生命周期現(xiàn)象——花開、葉子的出現(xiàn)，第一只青蛙叫出春天的到來。但是生態(tài)學(xué)家不可能去到世界的各個角落，所以他們有時也向被稱作公民科學(xué)家的非科學(xué)家求助。氣象科學(xué)家不可能足跡普及天下。因為在世界上有如此多的地方，沒有足夠的科學(xué)家來觀察它們。所以他們請求你來幫助觀察全世界氣候變化的跡象。公民科學(xué)家運動鼓勵普通人根據(jù)自己的興趣來觀察某一個特定的方面，如鳥兒、樹木、花蕾等等，并把他們的觀察結(jié)果發(fā)送到一個巨大的數(shù)據(jù)庫來供專業(yè)科學(xué)家研究。這有助于數(shù)量有限的科學(xué)家得到如果只靠他們自己根本收集不到的巨大數(shù)據(jù)。就像公民記者幫助報道傳統(tǒng)新聞報道方式所忽略的小型社區(qū)的相關(guān)信息一樣，公民科學(xué)家也對他們所居住的環(huán)境很熟悉。他們所需要做的就是每天或每周留出幾分鐘來搜集數(shù)據(jù)并發(fā)送過來。一群科學(xué)家和教育家在去年發(fā)起了一個叫做"紐約國家"物候?qū)W組織。"物候?qū)W"就是科學(xué)家們所說的在自然中研究每個事件的時間。其中一個小組的首要嘗試就是依靠科學(xué)家和非科學(xué)家來收集關(guān)于每年植物開花和長葉子的數(shù)據(jù)。這一工程叫做花季追蹤方案，它收集遍布美國的各種各樣的植物生長周期的數(shù)據(jù)。參與這一工程的人們——這一方案對所有人開放——把他們的觀察記錄在花季追蹤方案網(wǎng)站上。"人們不需要植物學(xué)家——他們僅僅需要環(huán)視四周看看周圍有什