2017-2018學(xué)年高中英語 Module 4 Great Scientists Section

Module4GreatScientistsSectionIIIntroduction&Reading-LanguagePoints——把基礎(chǔ)打牢、這樣記單詞記得準(zhǔn)?寫得對(duì)記得快?記得多I.基礎(chǔ)詞匯l.leadingadj.主要的［同義］major,chief,primaryl.biologyn.生物學(xué)2.breakthroughn.突破2.figuren.人物［詞塊］makeabreakthrough取得突破；3.speciesn.（動(dòng)物或植物的）種攻破4.yieldn.產(chǎn)量［聯(lián)想］breakthrough是由短語break5.breakthroughn.突破through構(gòu)成的合成詞，類似的還有：6.suddortvt.支持①putout生產(chǎn)，輸出foutputn.產(chǎn)量，7.convertvt.改變：轉(zhuǎn)換輸出8.exportvt.出口②breakout爆發(fā)—outbreakn.爆發(fā)，發(fā)作9.replacevt.取代：以代替lO.quantityn.數(shù)量③comeout出現(xiàn)foutcomen.結(jié)果，后果ll.aualityn.質(zhì)量④standout突出，顯眼foutstandingadj.II.拓展詞匯杰出的ducern.生產(chǎn)者fproducev.生產(chǎn)3.yieldn.產(chǎn)量fproductn.產(chǎn)品fproductionn.生產(chǎn)，［同義］production;output產(chǎn)量4.exportvt.&n.出口2.leadingadj.主要的—leadern.領(lǐng)袖［反義］importv.&n.進(jìn)口fleadv.帶領(lǐng)，通往5.quantityn.數(shù)量3.educatevt.教育feducationn.教育［比較］qualityn.質(zhì)量feducatorn.教育者6.producern.生產(chǎn)者4.originaladj.原來的：最初的forigin［記法］后綴er是名詞的標(biāo)志，表示從事某n.起源-originallyadv.最初，原先種職業(yè)的人5.agriculturen.農(nóng)業(yè)fagriculturaladj①photographer攝影師②performer演農(nóng)業(yè)的出人員③cleaner清潔工④reporter記者⑤manager經(jīng)理⑥writer作家

7.convertvt.改變；轉(zhuǎn)換［同義］change;switch、這樣記短語記牢固定短語多積常用詞塊l.bringup培養(yǎng)；養(yǎng)l.aleadingfigure一位杰出人育士2.asaresultof由于的結(jié)果2.givesb.anickname給某人起綽號(hào)3.experimentwithsth.用某物做實(shí)驗(yàn)3.makeabreakthrough取得突破4.bringin賺（錢）；帶進(jìn)；傳入4.differenttypesof不同類型的5.thekeyto的關(guān)鍵5.fromalloverChina來自全國(guó)各地6.beinterestedin...對(duì)感興趣6.cashcrop經(jīng)濟(jì)作物7.riseby增加了7.cropbreeding作物育種8.convert...to...把轉(zhuǎn)變成8.cometrue實(shí)現(xiàn)9.carryout貫徹，實(shí)施，執(zhí)行9.inthefieldofscience在科學(xué)領(lǐng)域、這樣記句式先背熟再悟通后仿用l.Hethoughtthatthekeytofeedingpeoplewastohavemorericeandtoproduceitmorequickly.他認(rèn)為，解決人們吃飯問題的關(guān)鍵在于擁有更多的稻米，并且能更快地生產(chǎn)出來。不定式短語作表語，表示對(duì)主語的解釋說明。IthinkthatthekeytolearningEnglishwellistopracticemore.我認(rèn)為學(xué)好英語的關(guān)鍵是多加練習(xí)。2.Hethoughttherewasonlyonewaytodothis—bycrossingdifferentspeciesofriceplant...他想只有一種方法可以做這件事通過雜父不冋品種way作“方式，方法”講時(shí)，其后面常接todo或ofdoing作定語。Shecouldnolongerfindawaytogetintothevalley.她再也找不到進(jìn)山谷的路了。

的水稻……3.1tsyieldismuchgreaterthantheyieldofothertypesofricegrowninPakistan.它的產(chǎn)量比巴基斯坦種植的其他類型的水稻要高很多。過去分詞（短語）作后置定語。ThefilmsdirectedbyFengXiaogangispopularwithyoungpeople.馮小剛導(dǎo)演的電影很受年輕人的歡迎。重——將新知全握口第一板塊I核心詞匯集釋（教材P32）Inthericegrowingworld,theChinesescientist,YuanLongping,isaleadingfigure.在水稻種植領(lǐng)域，中國(guó)科學(xué)家袁隆平是一位杰出人士。figuren.人物；數(shù)字；體形；圖形vt.計(jì)算；認(rèn)為寫出下列句中figure的含義HeisanimportantpoliticalfigureinIndianhistory.人物Thewalliscoveredwithfiguresofbirdsandflowers.圖形Iwillexercisemoretokeepmyfigure.體形Addallthefigures,andyou'llgetalargerone.數(shù)字figureout計(jì)算出；想出；弄明白，理解keepone'sfigure保持體形⑤Samcouldn'tfigureouthowtoprintoutthedocumentuntiltheteachershowedittohim.直到老師給薩姆做了演示之后，他才明白怎樣把文檔打印出來。⑥Manywomenwanttokeeptheirfiguresbytakingmoreexercisethesedays.如今，很多女性都想通過多運(yùn)動(dòng)保持體形。形象記憶Rj爼豊人的休尬St宇圖羽2.（教材P32）YuanLongpingwasbornandbroughtupinChina.袁隆平在中國(guó)出生并長(zhǎng)大。bringup培養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)育；提出；嘔吐寫出下列句中bringup的含義Hebroughtupapracticalplaninthemeeting,whichbroughtdownthecostofproduction.提出Hewasdrunkandbroughtupwhathehadeatenatmidnight.卩區(qū)吐Herparentsdiedwhenshewasababyandshewasbroughtupbyheraunt.養(yǎng)育bringabout弓［起；導(dǎo)致bringback歸還；使想起bringdown降低；減少bringin引進(jìn)；賺得，掙得Thequestionwhetheritisgoodforchildrentobebroughtupbytheirgrandparentsbroughtaboutaheateddiscussion.孩子被他們的祖父母撫養(yǎng)大是否對(duì)孩子有好處這個(gè)問題弓起了一場(chǎng)熱烈的討論。Thegovernmenthastakenmeasurestobringdownthehighpricesofdailygoodstokeepthemarketstable.為了使市場(chǎng)穩(wěn)定，政府已采取措施降低日用品的高價(jià)格。NewideashavebeenbroughtinsinceChinawasopenedtotheoutsideworld.中國(guó)自對(duì)外開放以來，弓進(jìn)了很多新的思想。（教材P32）Thiswasthebreakthrough.這是一個(gè)突破。breakthroughn.（知識(shí)或技術(shù)領(lǐng)域的重大）突破makeabreakthrough取得突破（進(jìn)展）breakthrough沖破，突破，克服Animportantbreakthroughinmedicalresearchhasbeenachieved.醫(yī)學(xué)研究院已取得了重大突破。Scientistshavemadeabreakthroughintheirtreatmentofthatdisease.科學(xué)家在治療那種疾病方面已有所突破。Oursoldiersquicklybrokethroughtheenemy'sdefenceworks.我們的戰(zhàn)士很快突破了敵人的防御工事。（教材P32）Theresearchwassupportedbythegovernment.這項(xiàng)研究得到了政府的支持。supportvt.支持，擁護(hù)；供養(yǎng)，撫養(yǎng)；支撐，托住n.支撐物；支持寫出下列句中support的詞性及意思Themajorityofpeopleinthetownstronglysupporttheplantobuildaplaygroundforchildren.v.支持，擁護(hù)Wecouldn'twinthematchwithouttheirsupport.n.支持Themiddlepartofthebridgeissupportedbytwohugetowers.v.支撐，托住Heneedsahigherincometosupportsuchabigfamily.v.供養(yǎng)，撫養(yǎng)supportsb.insth.在……方面支持某人insupportof支持，擁護(hù)withthesupportof在……的支持下⑤Insupportofhissister,hesoldhisonlyhousetopaytheschoolfee.為了支持他的妹妹，他賣掉了他唯一的房子為妹妹支付學(xué)費(fèi)。⑥WebelieveChinaNorthKoreatieswillbewiththesupportoftheleadersandpeopleofthetwocountries.我們相信中朝兩國(guó)的關(guān)系會(huì)得到兩國(guó)人民及領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的支持。(教材P32)AsaresultofYuanLongping'sdiscoveriesChinesericeproductionroseby47.5percentinthe1990's.由于袁隆平的發(fā)現(xiàn)，中國(guó)的水稻產(chǎn)量在20世紀(jì)90年代增長(zhǎng)了47.5%。asaresultof因?yàn)椋捎冢ū硎驹颍?；作為的結(jié)果(1)asaresult結(jié)果，因此withoutresult(=invain)徒勞地，無結(jié)果地(2)resultin導(dǎo)致，造成（后接結(jié)果）（=leadto/bringabout）resultfrom起因于，因而造成（后接原因）Thefootballmatchwasputoffasaresultofthestorm.由于暴風(fēng)雨，足球賽被推遲了。Hislazinessresultedinhisfailure;that'stosay,hisfailureresultedfromhislaziness.懶惰導(dǎo)致了他的失敗，也就是說，他的失敗是由于他的懶惰造成的。Hestudiedhardlasttermand,asaresult,hepassedtheexamination.上學(xué)期他學(xué)習(xí)很用功，結(jié)果考試及格了。［辨析比較］asaresult,asaresultofasaresult意為“因此；結(jié)果”，后面的部分表示結(jié)果，用在句中常用逗號(hào)隔開asaresultof意為“作為……的結(jié)果；由于”，of后跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞，表示原因選用上述短語完成句子Asaresultofthebigfire,thousandsofpeoplelosttheirhomes.=Therewasabigfire.Asaresult,thousandsofpeoplelosttheirhomes.由于這場(chǎng)大火，數(shù)以萬計(jì)的人們失去了家園。(教材P32)Thenewricereplacedvegetablesin50thousandsquarekilometres.在5萬平方千米的田地中，這種新型水稻種植取代了蔬菜種植。replacevt.取代，以代替；放回原處Youhavetoreplacethebooksontheshelvesbeforeyouleave.你離開之前必須把書放回書架上。Doyouthinkitispossiblethatrobotswillreplacetheworkersintheworkplaceinthefuture?你認(rèn)為未來機(jī)器人會(huì)取代工人工作嗎？replacesth.with/bysth.用/以…?…代替/替換……taketheplaceof=takeone'splace代替inplaceof代替③Itisstillunderdiscussionwhethertheoldbusstationshouldbereplacedwithamodernhotelornot.老汽車站是否應(yīng)該被一個(gè)現(xiàn)代化的賓館代替仍然在討論之中。JohnisillandIwanttoknowwhoisgoingtoreplacehim.fjohnisillandIwanttoknowhoisgoingtotaketheplaceofhim/takehisplace.約翰病了，我想知道誰將代替他。(教材P33)Ayieldreferstoquantity產(chǎn)量指的是數(shù)量。quantityn.數(shù)量(1)alargequantityof+可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞大量的（作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式）largequantitiesof+n.可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞大量的（作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式）(2)inquantity大量地，成批地Nowmanycompaniesaremoreconcernedwithqualitythanwithquantity現(xiàn)在很多公司對(duì)質(zhì)量比對(duì)產(chǎn)量更重視。Aquantityofmoneyhasbeenspentinbringinguphischildren.=Quantitiesofmoneyhavebeenspent(spend)inbringinguphischildren.他在教育孩子方面花了許多錢。Thismedicinewillbeproducedinquantitynextyear.這種藥明年將要大量生產(chǎn)。［名師點(diǎn)津］alargequantityof和largequantitiesof后既可修飾可數(shù)名詞也修飾不可數(shù)名詞，修飾名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)和quantity的數(shù)保持一致，即quantity若是單數(shù)，則謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；反之，則謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。13第二板塊I重點(diǎn)句型解構(gòu)Hethoughtthatthekeytofeedingpeoplewastohavemorericeandtoproduceitmorequickly.他認(rèn)為，解決人們吃飯問題的關(guān)鍵在于擁有更多的稻米，并且能更快地生產(chǎn)出來。句中tohavemorericeandtoproduceitmorequickly是不定式短語作表語，表示對(duì)主語的解釋說明。Ourdutyistohelptheyoungchildrentogrowbetter.我們的職責(zé)是幫助孩子們更好地成長(zhǎng)。Mydreamistobe(be)anexpertineducation.我的夢(mèng)想是當(dāng)一個(gè)教育方面的專家。Ourplanistosetupanothermiddleschoolforthepeasants'children.我們的計(jì)劃是給農(nóng)民子弟再建一所中學(xué)。［名師點(diǎn)津］不定式短語作表語時(shí)，若主語部分含有動(dòng)詞do的某種形式，在不定式中的to可以省略。Theonlythingthatshewantstodonowis(to)goforaholiday現(xiàn)在她唯一想做的事就是去度假。Hethoughttherewasonlyonewaytodothis—bycrossingdifferentspeciesofriceplant,andthenhecouldproduceanewplantwhichcouldgiveahigheryieldthaneitheroftheoriginalplants.他想只有一種方法可以做這件事一一通過雜交不同品種的水稻，然后他可以培育出一種新的水稻，這種水稻可以比原先的任何一種產(chǎn)量更高。本句中的way作“方式，方法”講，其后面常接三種形式的定語：不定式thewaytodosth.動(dòng)名詞thewayofdoingsth.定語從句theway錯(cuò)誤?、貯sfarasI'mconcerned,thereisonlyonepossiblewaytokeep/ofkeepingawayfromthedanger.

在我看來，只有一種可能的方法可以遠(yuǎn)離危險(xiǎn)。②Idon'tliketheway(inwhich/that)hespeaks.我不喜歡他說話的方式。Theway(that/which)hetoldussurprisedallofus.他告訴我們的方法使我們所有人都很吃驚。課時(shí)|課時(shí)|檢測(cè)把知能落實(shí)課堂??課堂??遷移訓(xùn)練I?單句語法填空Uptonow,largequantitiesoffoodhave_been一sent(send)toAfricatosavethestarvingpeople.Moreandmorepeoplerealizethatthekeytosolving(solve)theproblemistQ_reduce(reduce)pollution.Tomisthefirststudenttowork(work)outthemathproblem.Sincethenfindingwaystogrow(grow)morepeanutshasbeenhislifegoal.Doeshehavetheabilitytodo(do)thework?Theprofessorthoughtthattheideatheyoungengineerbroughtupwasworthconsidering.Parentsalwayssupporttheirchildrenintheireducation.Ithasbeendiscoveredthatthetrafficaccidentresultedfromthedriver'scarelessdriving.Weareplanningtoreplacetheoldmachineswith/bysomenewones.Wecan'tfigureoutwhyquiteanumberofinsects,birds,andanimalsaredyingout.II?選詞填空bringup,makeabreakthroughbeinterestedin,figureout,inplaceof,asaresultof,insupportof,inquantityHaveyoufigured,。uthowmuchduringtheholidayyouwillcost?Yoursuggestionwillbebroughtupatthenextmeeting.ChinamadeagreatbreakthroughintheHanDynastyinprinting.It'sapitythatonlyafewpeoplespokein_support_oftheproposal.

5.Maryisagoodstudent,butshefailedinthefinalexamasaresultofherillness.6.Iwillgotothismeetinginplaceofyou,ifyouarenotfree.7.It'salotcheaperifyoubuyitinquantity5.Maryisagoodstudent,butshefailedinthefinalexamasaresultofherillness.6.Iwillgotothismeetinginplaceofyou,ifyouarenotfree.7.It'salotcheaperifyoubuyitinquantity.8.Unfortunately,fewerandfewerpeopleareinterestedinreading.課下??提能訓(xùn)練、全練語言點(diǎn)，基穩(wěn)才能樓高I?單詞拼寫Yourworkhasimprovedinquantity（數(shù)量）andquality（質(zhì)量）thisterm.Hisoriginal原來的）ideawastobuildahouseinthecountry,butatlastheboughtaflatinthetown.I'mshortofmoney,andcan'taffordanewcartoreplace（替換）myoldone.Thiskindofcomputersismademainlyforexport（出口）.Hasanybreakthrough（突破）everbeenmadeinthecureofAIDSrecently?Localpeoplehavegivenusalotofsupport支持）inourcampaign.Hewasoneofthegreatestfigures（人物）inhistory.Thenumberofpeopleemployedinagriculture農(nóng)業(yè)）hasfalleninthelastdecade.Toourgreatdelight,production（產(chǎn)量）ofourcompanywasuplastmonth.Theyconverted（改變；轉(zhuǎn)換）thestudyintoanurseryroomwhenthebabywasborn.II?單句改錯(cuò)Aquantityoffoodarebeingcarriedtothepoorvillage.are—isNothingcantakeplaceofamother'slove.take后力口theIt'sreportedthattheaccidentresultedfromthedeathoftwopeople.from—inAscientistmustproduceevidenceinsupporttoatheory.to—ofSurgeonshavemadegreatbreakthroughinthekidneytransplantation腎（移植）.made后加a6．Ttect—protecting7.Idon'tlikethewaywhichhespeakstohismother.which—that或在which前加in8．It'sreportedthatthepopulationofthecityhasincreasedto20percent.to—byIII?完成句子Thegovernmentistryingtofindawaytoimprovefoodsafety.政府正在努力尋找提高食品安全的方法。Hefeltsosickthathebroughtupwhatheate.他感覺很難受，把吃的東西全吐了出來。Shewonthescholarshipas_a_result_of_her_hard_work.由于學(xué)習(xí)努力，她獲得了獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。Mr.SmithwillgotoBeijingnextmonth,whenanewEnglishteacherwilltaketheplaceofhim/takehisplacetoteachus.史密斯先生下一個(gè)月去北京，到時(shí)會(huì)有一位新的英語老師來代替他教我們英語。Largequantitiesofsandhave_been_washed一awaybytheheavyrain.暴雨沖走了很多沙子。ThequestionishowtoimproveourspokenEnglish.問題是如何提高我們的英語口語水平。7.Ifyougrowupinalargefamily,youaremorelikelytodeveloptheabilitytogetonwellwithothers.如果你在一個(gè)大家庭中長(zhǎng)大，你更有可能培養(yǎng)與他人融洽相處的能力。8.It'ssaidthatscientistshavemadeabigbreakthroughinthecancertreatment.據(jù)說科學(xué)家們?cè)诎┌Y的治療方面已取得突破性進(jìn)展。W.課文語法填空YuanLongpingisal.leading(lead)figureinthericegrowingworld,bornandbroughtupinChina.Whenhewasaboy,hewaseducatedinmanyschools,andwasgiventhenickname,“thestudent2.who/thatasksquestions."Hewasinterestedinplantsfrom3.anearlyage,andhestudiedagricultureincollege.4.Asayoungteacher,hebeganexperimentsincropbreeding.Hethoughttherewasonlyoneway5.tohave(have)morericequickly.Thatwastocrossdifferentspeciesofriceplant.Thenhebeganhissearch6.foraspecialtypeofriceplant.Ithadtobemaleandsterile.Whenthe7.naturally(nature)sterilemalericeplantwasdiscoveredin1970,itwasabreakthrough.Asaresult,China'sriceproductionrose8.by47.5%inthe1990's.And50thousandsquarekilometersofricefields9.wereconverted(convert)togrowingvegetablesandothercashcrops.lO.Following(follow)this,YuanLongping'sricewasexportedtosomeothercountries.V.串點(diǎn)成篇微表達(dá)眾所周知，讀書是打開知識(shí)寶庫的關(guān)鍵(thekey)。由于(asaresultof)電子產(chǎn)品的出現(xiàn)，如手機(jī)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)等，人們?cè)絹碓揭蕾囁鼈?。而越來越少的人?duì)讀書感興趣(beinterestedin)。更多著名科學(xué)家被請(qǐng)來(bringin)以找到解決這個(gè)問題的方法。很多人在會(huì)上提出(bringup)了各種建議。通過讀書，人們的頭腦可以變得(convert)更靈活。我們認(rèn)為(figureout)讀書人的數(shù)量可能會(huì)上升(riseby)60%。As_we一all_know,一reading=is_the_key_to_the_treasure_house_of_knowledge._Asaresultoftheelectrieproducts,suchasphones,theInternet,peoplerelymore_on_them.一Unfortunately，fewerandfewerpeopleareinterestedinreading.Morefamousscientistswerebroughtintofindoutasolutiontothisproblem.Manyofthembroughtupallkinds一of_suggestions__at_the._meeting.「People_can_be_converted_toopenminded一onesbyreadingmore.Wefigureoutthatthenumberwillriseby60%.二、勤練高考題型，多練自能生巧""""I?完形填空TherewasacouplewhousedtogotoEnglandtoshopinthebeautifulstores.丄ofthemlikedantiquesandpottery,especially_2—.Onedayina3theysawabeautifulteacup.Theysaid,“Mayweseethat?We've_4_seenonesobeautiful."Astheladyhandedittothem,5theteacupspoke.“Youdon't6，"itsaid.“Ihaven'talwaysbeenateacup.TherewasatimethatIwasredclay.My—7_tookme,rolledmeandpattedmeoverandoverandIyelledout,‘Leavemealone.'Butheonlysmiled,‘Notyet.'Thenheputmeintheoven.Ineverfeltsuch__8__.Iwonderedwhyhewantedto___9__me,andIyelled,andknocked10__thedoor.IcouldseehimthroughtheopeningandIcould11hislipsasheshookhishead,‘Notyet.'ThenIknewtherewasn'tany.12__.Iwouldnevermakeit.Iwasreadyto__3__.Butthedooropenedandhetookmeoutandplacedmeontheshelf.Onehourlaterhehandedmea14__andsaid,‘Lookatyourself.'AndIdid.Isaid,‘That'snotme;thatcouldn'tbeme.It's15.‘‘Iwantyoutoremember,then，'hesaid.‘Iknowithurtsyoutoberolledandpatted.__6__ifIhadjustleftyoualone,you'dhavedriedup.Iknowithurtandwashotand__7__intheoven,butifIhadn'tputyouthere,youwouldhave18__.Nowyouareafinishedproduct.Youare19IhadinmindwhenIfirstbeganwithyou.'"Ifyoudonot20__thewindandrain,howcanyouseetherainbow?語篇解讀：本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章以擬人的手法描述了精美茶杯的制作過程。從紅泥到茶杯成形需要經(jīng)過烈火的歷練。這一過程告訴我們：玉不琢，不成器。A.AllB.BothC.NeitherD.None解析：選B由上文提到了acouple及下文語境可知，他們兩人都喜歡古董和陶器，故選B項(xiàng)。all用于三者或三者以上；neither,none用于否定句中。A.bowlsB.bottlesC.glassesD.teacups解析：選D下文主要圍繞teacup來講述，故此處應(yīng)選teacups。A.gardenB.churchC.shopD.hall解析：選C由文章首句“...toshopinthebeautifulstores.”可知，他們是去商店購(gòu)物，故選shop。A.neverB.oftenC.alwaysD.ever解析：選A由上文他們想看這個(gè)茶杯可知，他們從來沒有見過這么漂亮的茶杯。A.slowlyB.suddenlyC.quicklyD.gradually解析：選B茶杯開口說話，對(duì)這對(duì)夫婦來說是突然地，含有意外之意。A.answerB.complainC.worryD.understand解析：選D由茶杯介紹自己的成品過程來看，茶杯認(rèn)為別人不明白。A.fatherB.brotherC.masterD.inventor解析：選C這里應(yīng)該是指茶杯的主人。master意為“主人”。A.warmthB.heatC.coolnessD.coldness解析:選Bwarmth意為“溫暖”；heat意為“熱”；coolness意為“涼爽”；coldness意為“寒冷"。由上文“Thenheputmeintheoven.”可知，爐火的溫度是很高的，故

只能用heat。B．killD．heat9．A.burnB．killD．heatC．hurt解析：選A主人把它放在爐火中是為了燒制茶杯，沒有想殺它或是傷害它的意思。句意：我想知道他為什么