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住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-首都經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易大學考試名師押題精選卷I(帶答案詳解)(圖片可根據(jù)實際調(diào)整大小)題型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Theguides(

)thetouriststogetheratthehotelgate.

問題1選項

A.accumulated

B.collected

C.assembled

D.resembled

【答案】C

【解析】考察動詞詞義辨析。accumulate“積累;累積”:collect“收集”;assemble“聚集;集合”;resemble“類似,像”。根據(jù)后文“togetheratthehotelgate”可知是在門口集合,因此選項C符合題意。句意:這些導游讓游客在酒店門口集合。

2.單選題

Whenyouleaveajobwithatraditionalpension,don'tassumeyou'velostthechancetocollectit.You'reentitledtowhateverbenefityou'veearned—andyoumightevenbeentitledtotakeitnow."Alotofpeopleforgettheyhaveit,ortheythinkthatbywaitinguntilthey're65,they'llhaveabiggerbenefit,"saysWayneBogosian,presidentofthePFEGroup,whichprovidescorporatepre-retirementeducation.

Yourformeremployersshouldsendyouacertificatethatsayshowmuchyourpensionisworth.Ifit'slessthan$5,000,orifthecompanyoffersalump-sumpayout,itwillgenerallycloseyouraccountandcashyouout.Itmaynotseemlikemuch,but$5,000investedover20yearsat8%interestis$23,000.Ifyourpensionisworthmorethan$5,000,oryourcompanydoesn'tofferthelump-sumoption,findouthowmuchmoneyyou'reeligibleforattheplan'snormalretirementage,theearlierageatwhichyoucancollectthepension,themoreseverepenaltyforcollectingitearly.You'llprobablystillcomeoutaheadbytakingthemoneynowandinvestingit.

Whatifyouleftajobyearsago,andyou'rerealizingyoumayhaveunwittinglyleftbehindapension?GethelpfromthePensionBenefitGuarantyCorporation.Ithasanonlinesearchtoolthathashelpedlocate$47millioninlostbenefitsformorethan12,000workers.

Ifyouhaveatraditionalpension,retiringearlycostsmorethanyoumightexpect.Mostpeopleassumeyoutakeaproportionalcutforleavingbeforeyourplan'snormalretirementage.Forexample,youmightthinkthatifyouneedtoaccrue30yearsofserviceandyouleavethreeyearsearly,you'dgetapension90percentofthefullamount.

Butthat'snothowitworks.Instead,youtakeanactuarialreduction,determinedbytheemployerbutoftenaround5%ayear,foreachyearyouleaveearly.Soretiringthreeyearsearlycouldleaveyouwithonly85%ofthetotalamount.

Whenyouretireearlywithadefined-contributionplan,theproblemisyoustartspendinginvestmentsonwhichyoucouldbeearninginterest.Ifyouretirewhenyou're55,forexample,andstartusingthetraditionalpensionthen,byage65you'llhaveonlyabouthalfofwhatyouwould'vehadifyou'dkeptworkinguntil65.

1.Whenoneleavesajobwithatraditionalpension().

2.Iftheretiree'spensionislessthan$5,000,itiswiseofhimto().

3.Ifoneretiresearlywithadefined-contributionplan,heisexpectedto().

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbeusedasthesubtitleforthelastthreeparagraphs?

5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisFALSE?

問題1選項

A.hetendstoforgetthathehasthepension

B.hehasnorighttoaskforthepension

C.he'llhaveabiggerbenefitthanifhewaitsuntiltheageof65

D.hehasaspecifiedworthofpension

問題2選項

A.askthecompanyforalump-sumpayout

B.requirehisformerbosstofigureoutthevalueofhispension

C.takethepensionwithhimandmakeaprofitoutofit

D.collectthepensionathisretirementplan'snormalretirementage

問題3選項

A.earnlessinterest

B.bebetteroilthanwithatraditionalpension

C.startinvestmentimmediately

D.getlessSocialSecuritybenefits

問題4選項

A.YourPayoutIsNotGuaranteed

B.LeaveEarly,LoseBig

C.TheRetirementDilemma

D.TakethePensionwithYou

問題5選項

A.Ifoneleaves3yearsearlyona30-year-servicebasis,hewon'tgetapensionworth27/30.

B.Itpaystogetanearlyretirementifoneunderstandshowretirementpensionplanworks.

C.ThePensionBenefitGuarantyCorporationhelpstheretireetorecoverlostbenefits.

D.Ifonekeepshisexpenseswithinhisretirementframework,hewon'tbeseverelyaffected.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)原文第一段You'reentitledtowhateverbenefityou'veearned—andyoumightevenbeentitledtotakeitnow以及第二段Yourformeremployersshouldsendyouacertificatethatsayshowmuchyourpensionisworth.可知,如果你之前的工作有傳統(tǒng)養(yǎng)老金,那么退休之后你就得到一筆一定數(shù)目的養(yǎng)老金。故本題正確答案為D選項

2.細節(jié)事實題。題干詢問:如果退休人員的養(yǎng)老金賬戶不足5000美元,他怎么做會比較明智。根據(jù)原文第二段Ifit’slessthan$5,000,orifthecompanyoffersalump-sumpayout,itwillgenerallycloseyouraccountandcashyouout.Itmaynotseemlikemuch,but$5,000investedover20yearsat8%interestis$23,000可知,如果少于5000美元,或者公司提供一次性支付,那么就會關閉養(yǎng)老金賬戶,把錢取出來做20年額投資,以8%的利率計算就是23000美元。由此可知C選項“拿著養(yǎng)老金(投資)賺取利潤”最符合題意,故本題正確答案為C項。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Whenyouretireearlywithadefined-contributionplan,theproblemisyoustartspendinginvestmentsonwhichyoucouldbeearninginterest.可知,如果你有固定繳款計劃,而你提前退休了,那么問題就出現(xiàn)了。你開始把錢花在本可以賺取利息的投資項目上。后面舉例說明:如果你在55歲時退休,然后開始使用傳統(tǒng)的養(yǎng)老金,那么到65歲時,你的養(yǎng)老金只有你一直工作到65歲時的一半左右。由此可知,A選項“賺得的利息變少”最符合題意,故本題正確答案為A項。

4.推理判斷題。題干詢問:下列哪一項適合作為最后三段的小標題?分析原文可知,文章最后三段主要講的是提前退休與養(yǎng)老金的關系,過早退休開始使用養(yǎng)老金,會比工作到正常退休年齡損失大。因此,B選項“提前退休,損失巨大”最適合作為最后三段的標題,故本題正確答案為B項。

5.推理判斷題。題干詢問:下列哪一項表述不正確?選項B表示“如果一個人了解退休養(yǎng)老汁劃的運行機制,那么提前退休是劃算的”明顯錯誤,由最后一段可知,提前退休會造成養(yǎng)老金減少,所以提前退休損失很大。其余選項與原文表述均相符,故本題正確答案為B選項。

3.單選題

ThisAfricancountryhasbeen()bycivilwar,famineandfloodfordecades.

問題1選項

A.afflicted

B.conflicted

C.despaired

D.inclined

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項afflict表示“折磨;使痛苦;使苦惱”;B選項conflict表示“沖突,矛盾;爭執(zhí);斗爭”;C選項despair表示“絕望,喪失信心”;D選項incline表示“傾向于,有……傾向”。根據(jù)關鍵詞“civilwar,famineandflood(內(nèi)戰(zhàn)、饑荒和洪水)”可知,這個非洲國家一直飽受這些災害折磨,故afflict最符合句意。因此,本題正確答案為A項。

4.單選題

Themanagerpromisedtokeepme()ofhowourbusinesswasgoingon.

問題1選項

A.tobeinformed

B.oninforming

C.informed

D.informing

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。keeprmedofsth.意為“讓某人了解某事”。句意:經(jīng)理答應會讓我知道我們的生意進展如何。選項C正確。

5.單選題

Therewasonlyasmall()inthecity'spopulationoverthelasttenyears.

問題1選項

A.intimacy

B.immortality

C.increment

D.incidence

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項intimacy表示“性關系,親密;親昵行為”;B選項immortality表示“不朽,不滅”;C選項increment表示“增量,增加,盈余”;D選項incidence表示“發(fā)生率,影響,后果”。由句意“在過去十年里,這個城市的人口只有少量”可知,只有C項最符合句意。因此,本題正確答案為C項。

6.單選題

Tosurviveintheintensetradecompetitionbetweencountries,wemust()thequalitiesandvarietiesofproductswemaketotheworld-marketdemand.

問題1選項

A.improve

B.enhance

C.gear

D.guarantee

【答案】C

【解析】近義詞辨析題。A選項improve“改善,增加”;B選項enhance“提高,加強”;C選項gear“使...適合”,后面通常接介詞to;D選項guarantee“擔保,保證”。句意:為了在國家間激烈的貿(mào)易競爭中生存,我們必須使我們生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量和種類適應世界市場的需求。選項C更符合語境。

7.單選題

Someone’sfutureblursandgoesblankasanticipation()nothingness.

問題1選項

A.smashesinto

B.squeezesinto

C.fadesinto

D.jamsinto

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項smashinto表示“猛撞在……”;B選項squeezeinto表示“擠入;硬塞進……”;C選項fadeinto表示“漸漸融入于……,逐漸變成……”;D選項jaminto表示“擠進”。根據(jù)Someone’sfutureblursandgoesblank(個人的未來變得渺茫,成為空白)可知,期望應當是逐漸變成虛無,故C項fadeinto符合語境。句意:當期望逐漸變得虛無,個人的未來也會變得渺茫,成為空白。

8.單選題

ProfessorJohnsonissaid()somesignificantadvanceinhisresearchinthepastyears.

問題1選項

A.making

B.havingmade

C.tomake

D.tohavemade

【答案】D

【解析】考查非謂語動詞的用法。Sbissaid后接動詞不定式,表示“據(jù)說某人”。用不定式的完成式表示已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動作。此句相當于ItissaidthatProfessorJohnsonhasmadesomesignificantadvanceinhisresearchinthepastyear.句意:據(jù)說約翰遜教授去年在他的研究中取得了重大進展。故本題正確答案為D項。

9.單選題

10.In1914,anapparentlyinsignificanteventinaremotepartofEasternEurope(

)Europeintoagreatwar.

問題1選項

A.inserted

B.pitched

C.plunged

D.imposed

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。insert“插入,嵌入”后接in/into/between;pitch“用力扔,投,拋”;plunge“使…陷入(某種狀態(tài)),把…拋進”,常和介詞into搭配使用;impose“迫使,把…強加于”,常和介詞on/upon搭配使用。句意:1914年,發(fā)生在東歐一個偏僻地區(qū)的一件微不足道的小事使歐洲陷入了一場大戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)題干介詞into可知只有C項符合。答案選C。

10.單選題

Sustainabledevelopmentisappliedtojustabouteverythingfromenergytocleanwaterandeconomicgrowth,andasaresultithasbecomedifficulttoquestioneitherthebasicassumptionsbehinditorthewaytheconceptisputtouse.Thisisespeciallytrueinagriculture,wheresustainabledevelopmentisoftentakenasthesolemeasureofprogresswithoutaproperappreciationofhistoricalandculturalperspectives.

Tostartwith,itisimportanttorememberthatthenatureofagricultureliaschangedmarkedlythroughouthistory,andwillcontinuetodoso.MedievalagricultureinnorthernEuropefed,clothedandshelteredapredominantlyruralsocietywithamuchlowerpopulationdensitythanitistoday.Ithadminimaleffectonbiodiversity,andanypollutionitcausedwastypicallylocalized.Intermsofenergyuseandthenutrients(營養(yǎng)成分)capturedintheproductitwasrelativelyinefficient.

Contrastthiswithfarmingsincethestartoftheindustrialrevolution.Competitionfromoverseasledfarmerstospecializeandincreaseyields.Throughoutthisperiodfoodbecamecheaper,safeandmorereliable.However,thesechangeshavealsoledtohabitat(棲息地)Iossandtodiminishingbiodiversity.

What'smore,demandforanimalproductsindevelopingcountriesisgrowingsofastthatmeetingitwillrequireanextra300milliontonsofgrainayearby2050,yetthegrowthofcitiesandindustryisreducingtheamountofwateravailableforagricultureinmanyregions.

Allthismeansthatagricultureinthe21stcenturywillhavetobeverydifferentfromhowitwasinthe20th.Thiswillrequireradicalthinking.Forexample,weneedtomoveawayfromtheideathattraditionalpracticesareinevitablymoresustainablethannewones.Wealsoneedtoabandonthenotionthatagriculturecanbe‘‘zeroimpact”.Thekeywillbetoabandontherathersimpleandstaticmeasuresofsustainability,whichcentreontheneedtomaintainproductionwithoutincreasingdamage.

Insteadweneedamoredynamicinterpretation,onethatlooksattheprosandcons(正反兩方而)ofallthevariouswaylandisused.Therearemanydifferentwaystomeasureagriculturalperformancebesidesfoodyield:energyuse,environmentalcosts,waterpurity,carbonfootprintandbiodiversity.Itisclear,forexample,thatthecarbonoftransportingtomatoesfromSpaintotheUKislessthanthatofproducingthemintheUKwithadditionalheatingandlighting.Butwedonotknowwhetherlowercarbonfootprintswillalwaysbebetterforbiodiversity.

Whatiscrucialisrecognizingthatsustainableagricultureisnotjustaboutsustainablefoodproduction.

1.Howdopeopleoftenmeasureprogressinagriculture?

2.Specializationandtheefforttoincreaseyieldshaveresultedin(

).

3.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftraditionalfanningpractices?

4.Whatwillagriculturebelikeinthe21stcentury?

5.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassage?

問題1選項

A.Byitsproductivity

B.Byitssustainability

C.Byitsimpactontheenvironment

D.Byitscontributiontoeconomicgrowth

問題2選項

A.Localizedpollution

B.theshrinkingoffarmland

C.competitionfromoverseas

D.thedecreaseofbiodiversity

問題3選項

A.Theyhaveremainedthesameoverthecenturies.

B.Theyhavenotkeptpacewithpopulationgrowth.

C.Theyarenotnecessarilysustainable.

D.Theyareenvironmentallyfriendly.

問題4選項

A.Itwillgothroughradicalchanges

B.Itwillsupplymoreanimalproducts

C.Itwillabandontraditionalfanningpractices

D.Itwillcausezerodamagetotheenvironment

問題5選項

A.Toremindpeopleoftheneedofsustainabledevelopment.

B.Tosuggestwaysofensuringsustainablefoodproduction.

C.Toadvancenewcriteriaformeasuringfarmingprogress.

D.Tourgepeopletorethinkwhatsustainableagricultureis.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干關鍵詞measureprogressinagriculture定位至第一段:Thisisespeciallytrueinagriculture,wheresustainabledevelopmentisoftentakenasthesolemeasureofprogresswithoutaproperappreciationofhistoricalandculturalperspectives(這一點在農(nóng)業(yè)領域表現(xiàn)得尤為突出,在該領域中,人們常常在未從歷史、文化的角度予以適當考慮的情況下,認為可持續(xù)發(fā)展史衡量農(nóng)業(yè)進步的唯一方法),因此B項“可持續(xù)性”正確。

2.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干關鍵詞Specialization和increaseyields定位至第三段:Competitionfromoverseasledfarmerstospecializeandincreaseyields(來自海外的競爭壓力使得農(nóng)民們不得不進行專門的研究來增加作物的產(chǎn)量),該段還指出:However,thesechangeshavealsoledtohabitatlossandtodiminishingbiodiversity(但是,這些變化也導致棲息地的損失和生物多樣性的不斷減少),故選D“生物多樣性的減少”。

3.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干關鍵詞traditionalfanningpractices定位至第五段:Forexample,weneedtomoveawayfromtheideathattraditionalpracticesareinevitablymoresustainablethannewones(比如,我們?nèi)粢饤夁@樣的想法:傳統(tǒng)的做法必然會比新的做法更能夠促進可持續(xù)發(fā)展)。因此C項“這些做法不一定是可持續(xù)性的”正確。

4.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干關鍵詞inthe21stcentury定位至第五段:Allthismeansthatagricultureinthe21stcenturywillhavetobeverydifferentfromhowitwasinthe20th(所有這一切意味著,21世紀的農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)將會與20世紀的農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)截然不同)。故選A“將會經(jīng)歷巨變”。

5.主旨大意題。最后一段點明主題:Whatiscrucialisrecognizingthatsustainableagricultureisnotjustaboutsustainablefoodproduction(關鍵是我們需要認識到,可持續(xù)性農(nóng)業(yè)并不只是糧食生產(chǎn)的可持續(xù)性)。因此D項“催促人們重新思考什么是可持續(xù)性農(nóng)業(yè)”正確。

11.單選題

Weareataseriousdisadvantagein(

)wehavenobodyproperlyqualifiedforthework

問題1選項

A.this

B.that

C.which

D.whom

【答案】B

【解析】考察固定搭配。inthat為固定搭配,意思是“由于,因為”。句意:我們現(xiàn)在處于非常不利的局面,因為我們沒有勝任這份工作的人選。選項B符合題意。

12.單選題

Nowadays,acellphoneserviceisavailabletoeveryone,everywhere.Probablythousandsofpeoplehavealreadybeenusingit,butIjustdiscoveredit,soI'mgoingtoclaimitandalsonameit:FakeFoning.

Thetechnologyhasbeenworkingwellformeattheoffice,butthereareinfiniteapplications.Virtuallyinanypublicspace.

Sayyouworkatabiguniversitywithlotsoftalkyfacultymembersbuzzingabout.Now,sayyouneedtousetherestroom.Thetripdownthehallwilltakeapproximatelyonehour,becauseapersoncan’twalkintothosetalkypeoplewithoutgettingpulledasideforaquestion,abitofgossip,anewreadonacertainlineofParadiseLost.

So,acellphone.Anycellphone.Justpickitup.Don'tdial.Justholdthatphonetoyourfaceandstarttalking.Walkconfidentlydownthehallengagedinfakeconversation,makingsuretotailorboththetopicandcontenttothepersonstandingbeforeyouwhomyouaretryingtoevade.

Forstandardcolleagueavoidance,Isuggestfakechattingaboutfakebusiness:

“Yes,I’mgladyoucalled,becausewereallyneedtohammeroutthedetails.What’sthat?Yes,IreadPage12,butifyoulookatthebottomof4,Ithinkyoucanseetheproblembeginsrightthere.”

Beengagedinyourfakefoneconversation.Makeeyecontactwiththepeoplepassing,nodtothem,gesturekeeninterestintalkingtothematalatertime,pointtoyourphone,shrugandmoveon.

Shoppersshouldconsiderfakefoninganytimetheyspotatalkyneighborintheproducedepartmentpinching(用手捏)unripepeaches.Withoutyourphoneatyourface,you'dbeinfora20-minutespeechonhowterribletheworldis.

Oneimportantcautionaboutfakefoning.TheotherdayIwasfakefoningmywaypastacolleague,andhewasactuallyfollowingmetogetmyattention.IknewhewantedtoaskaboutaprojectIhadnotyetfinished.Iwastryingtobuymyselfsometime,soIcontinuedfakefoningwithmydoctor.“SoIdon’tneedtheoperation?Oh,doctor,thatisthebestnews.”

Andthen:Brrrrrrng!Brrrrrmg!Brrrrrmg!Myphonestartedringing,righttherewhileitwasplantedonmyface.Mycolleaguelookedatme,andIathim,andnaturallyIgasped.“Whatisthematterwiththisthing?”Isaid,pullingthephoneawaytolookatit,andthenputtingitbacktomyear.

“Hello?Areyoustillthere?”

Oops.

1.WhichofthefollowingstatementisINCORRECT?

2.Whatisfakingfoning?

3.Intheauthor’sopinion,inordertomakefoninglookrealonehasto

4.Whatdoesthelastexampleshow?

5.Afterhisphonesuddenlybeganringing,theauthor

問題1選項

A.Cellphoneserviceispopularamongpeople.

B.Fakefoningisanewcellphoneservice.

C.Cellphonehasmuchuseinoffice.

D.Fakefoningisanewdiscovery.

問題2選項

A.Adevicenewlyproduced.

B.Astrategytoavoidpeople.

C.Aserviceprovidedeverywhere.

D.Askillofcommunication.

問題3選項

A.talkaboutinterestingmatters.

B.holdthephonewhilewalking.

C.appearabsorbedinconversation.

D.behavepolitelytopeoplepassingby.

問題4選項

A.Onehastobecarefulwhilefakefoning.

B.Oneeffectivewayistofakefoneone’sdoctor.

C.Fakefoningmaynotdeceivepeople.

D.Fakefoingisalwaysquitesuccessful.

問題5選項

A.immediatelystartedtalkingtothecaller.

B.immediatelystartedtalkingtohiscolleague.

C.putthephoneawayandstoppedtalking.

D.continuedwithhisfakingconversation.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.推理判斷題。本題要找出說法錯誤的選項,可采用排除法。文章第一句提到任何人在任何地方都可以使用手機服務,因此選項A“手機服務對人們來說很普遍”正確。B選項說fakefoning是一項新的手機服務,明顯錯誤。而由文章第二段可知,這種方法在辦公室非常有用,故C項正確。文章第一段第二句指出可能已經(jīng)有相當多的人在用這種方法了,但作者才剛剛發(fā)現(xiàn),故D項正確。因此本題正確答案應為B項。

2.推理判斷。本題詢問fakefoning的含義,這正是文章的主題。雖然原文沒有給出fakefoning的確切定義,但通過原文內(nèi)容推理可知,fakefoning就是假裝接聽手機的意思。而foning也假借了ph的發(fā)音,其含義其實就是phoning。由原文第四段和第五段可以看出,這種假裝接電話的目的是colleagueavoidance,故B選項正確。其余選項均為對文中語句的混淆解釋。

3.推理判斷題。題干詢問“為了讓假接手機看起來更真實,作者認為應該怎么做”。由原文第四段最后一句可知,要根據(jù)你想要避開的人而改變談論的主題和內(nèi)容,因此不能只談論有趣的話題,故A項錯誤。而“走路的時候拿著手機”顯然也不能單純地提高真實性,故B項錯誤。根據(jù)原文第七段可知,要專注接聽電話,對路過的人只需用眼神交流一下,點點頭,同時還要指指電話,表示在講電話,只能以后再聊,但并不能推斷出這種禮貌地回應能讓假接手機看起來更真實,故D項錯誤。只有C項“裝成投入到交談中的樣子(沒有注意到旁人)”最真實,最符合題意。因此,本題正確答案為C選項。

4.推理判斷題。題干詢問文中最后一個例子的含義,其實也就是詢問最后四段的主旨。這個例子是講作者有一次在假裝接電話時,正好有一個電話打進來,作者只好急中生智,裝成手機出問題斷線了,而自己還不知道后面又繼續(xù)通話,可見假接電話也要多加小心,故A選項正確。在這個例子中,作者只是剛好假裝在和醫(yī)生通話,故B選項錯誤。C選項認為fakefoning可能欺騙不了別人,是片面的,作者就很巧妙地化解了尷尬局面,成功騙了同事。選項D說假裝接電話總是成功的,根據(jù)最后這個例子來看這也未必,還是需要小心的。因此本題正確答案為A選項。

5.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段可知,當電活鈴突然響起時,作者正好與同事四目相對,但是作者并未驚慌,只是很自然地說道:“這東西出什么毛病了?”同時拿開手機看了一下,然后重新放回耳邊說到:“喂喂喂,還在嗎?”由此可以看出,作者是對同事說了一句話,因此本題正確答案為B選項。

13.單選題

Being()yourjobisfine,ofcourse,butyoushouldn'tletworkeatupallyourleisuretime.

問題1選項

A.trappedin

B.committedto

C.convincedof

D.confrontedwith

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項betrappedin表示“被困在;陷入困境”;B選項becommittedto表示“致力于;委身于”;C選項beconvincedof表示“確信;認識到”;D選項beconfrontedwith表示“面臨,面對”。根據(jù)youshouldn'tletworkeatupallyourleisuretime可知,雖然致力于工作是好的,但你不應該讓工作占據(jù)所有的休閑時間。因此,B選項最符合句意,故本題正確答案為B。

14.翻譯題

A.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.

Theairwebreatheissofreelyavailablethatwetakeitforgranted.Yetwithoutitwecouldnotsurvivemorethanafewminutes.Forthemostpart,thesameairisavailabletoeveryone,andeveryoneneedsit.Somepeopleusetheairtosustainthemwhiletheysitaroundandfeelsorryforthemselves.Othersbreatheintheairandusetheenergyitprovidestomakeamagnificentlifeforthemselves.

Opportunityisthesameway.Itiseverywhere.Opportunityissofreelyavailablethatwetakeitforgranted.Yetopportunityaloneisnotenoughtocreatesuccess.Opportunitymustbeseizedandacteduponinordertohavevalue.Somanypeoplearesoanxiousto“getin”ona“groundflooropportunity’’,asiftheopportunitywilldoallthework.That’simpossible.Justasyouneedairtobreathe,youneedopportunitytosucceed.Ittakesmorethanjustbreathinginthefreshairofopportunity,however.Youmustmakeuseofthatopportunity.That’snotuptotheopportunity.That’suptoyou.Itdoesn’tmatterwhat“floor”theopportunityison.Whatmattersiswhatyoudowithit.

B.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.

如果失敗了你會怎么做?很多人可能會選擇放棄。然而,要想成功,最可靠的方法就是堅持你的方向和目標。在通往成功的路上,你必須堅持你的方向。它就像一盞燈,在黑暗中為你指路,幫助你度過難關。否則,你很容易就會迷失方向或猶豫不前。方向意味著目標,人生如果沒有目標,將一事無成。你可以試著把你的目標寫在紙上,并制定實現(xiàn)目標的計劃。這樣,你就會懂得如何合理安排時間,如何正確地支配時間。而且你還要有這樣的信念:只要你一直堅持自己的方向,你就一定可以成功。

【答案】A.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.

【參考譯文】

我們所呼吸的空氣觸手可及,以至于我們將其視為理所當然。然而,倘若沒有空氣,我們只能存活幾分鐘。大多數(shù)情況下,每個人都能呼吸到同樣的空氣,也都需要空氣。有的人一邊坐著自怨自艾,一邊又呼吸空氣來維持生命。另一些人卻呼吸空氣,并利用空氣提供的能量為自己創(chuàng)造美好的生活。

機遇也是如此。它無處不在。機遇是如此唾手可得,以至于我們將其當作理所當然。然而,只有機遇不足以創(chuàng)造成功。為了讓機遇有價值,必須抓住機遇并采取行動。很多人都急于抓住“先機”,好像抓住機遇就會一勞永逸,這是不可能的。正如你需要空氣來呼吸一樣,你也需要獲得成功的機遇。然而,成功不僅僅是呼吸到機遇的新鮮空氣。你必須利用所獲得的機遇。對機遇的利用不取決于機遇,而取決于你。機遇處于什么“階段”不重要,最重要的是你如何利用它。

B.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.

【參考譯文】

Whatwouldyoudoifyoufailed?Manypeoplemaychoosetogiveup.However,thereliablewaytosuccessistoadheretoyourdirectionandgoal.Onthewaytosuccess,youmustkeepyourdirection.Itisjustlikealamp,guidingyouindarknessandhelpingyoupullthough.Otherwise,youwilleasilygetlostorhangback.Directionmeansgoals.Nothingcanbedonewithoutagoalinyourlife.Youcantrytowritedownyourgoalsandmakesomeplanstoachievethem.Inthisway,youwillknowhowtoarrangeanduseyourtimeproperly.Furthermore,youshouldhaveabeliefthatyouaresuretosucceedaslongasyoukeepyourdirectionallthetime.

15.單選題

Generally,promptcoolingandproperrefrigerationoffoodscanhold(

)bacteriainfoodstoasafelevel.

問題1選項

A.anumberof

B.thenumberof

C.anamountof

D.aquantityof

【答案】B

【解析】句意:一般來說,迅速冷卻并經(jīng)過適當?shù)睦洳?,食物中的細菌量會被控制在安全范圍?nèi)。

考查短語辨析。anumberof若干,許多;thenumberof…的數(shù)量;anamountof總量”通常與不可數(shù)、無生命的名詞連用;aquantityof一些。故B符合句意。

16.單選題

Everybody,studentsandteachersalike,()gladthatJackhassignedupforthecompositioncontest.

問題1選項

A.are

B.is

C.do

D.does

【答案】B

【解析】考查謂語動詞。glad為形容詞,表示“高興的,樂意的”,需與be動詞搭配,故排除C、D選項。studentsandteachersalike為插入語,是對主語everybody的解釋說明,不影響謂語動詞的選擇,因此謂語動詞應選用is,故本題正確答案為B選項。

17.單選題

Inorderto()therisingproductioncosts,thesubscriptionrateshavebeenincreased.

問題1選項

A.addupto

B.lookupto

C.cutshort

D.keepupwith

【答案】D

【解析】詞組辨析題。A選項addupto“合計達...,總共達...”;B選項lookupto“尊敬”;C選項cutshort“縮短,縮減”;D選項keepupwith“跟上,趕上”。句意:為了跟上不斷上漲的生產(chǎn)成本,訂閱費已經(jīng)提高了。選項D符合語境。

18.單選題

Itiswellknownthatteenageboystendtodobetter(1)maththangirls,thatmalehighschoolstudentsaremorelikelythantheirfemalecounterparts

(2)advancedmathcourseslikecalculus,thatvirtuallyallthegreatmathematicians

(3)

men.Arewomenbornwith(4)mathematicalability?Ordoessociety’ssexismslowtheirprogress?In1980,twoJohnsHopkinsUniversityresearcherstried

(5)theeternalnature/nurturedebate.JulianStanleyandCamillaBenbow

(6)10,000talentedseventhandeighthgradersbetween1972and1979.UsingtheScholasticAptitudeTest,inwhichmathquestionsaremeanttomeasureabilityratherthanknowledge,theydiscovered

(7)sexdifferences.(8)

theverbalabilitiesofthemalesandfemales

(9)differed,twiceasmanyboysasgirlsscoredover500(onascaleof200to800)onmathematicalability;atthe700level,theratiowas14to1.Theconclusion:maleshave

(10

)superiormathematicalreasoningability.

BenbowandStanley’sfindings,(11)werepublishedin“Science”,disturbedsomemenand(12)women.NowthereiscomfortforthosepeopleinanewstudyfromtheUniversityofChicagothatsuggestsmath

(13)not,afterall,anaturalmaledomain.Prof.ZalmanUsiskinstudied1,366tenthgraders.Theywereselectedfromgeometryclassesandtestedontheirabilitytosolvegeometryproofs,asubjectrequiring(

14)—abstractreasoningandspatialability.Theconclusion(15)byUsiskin:therearenosexdifferencesinmathability.

問題1選項

A.at

B.top

C.of

D.about

問題2選項

A.intackling

B.tackling

C.totackle

D.abouttackling

問題3選項

A.mightbe

B.havebeen

C.mustbe

D.hadbeen

問題4選項

A.smaller

B.less

C.fewer

D.notmore

問題5選項

A.tosettle

B.toset

C.settling

D.setting.

問題6選項

A.weretested

B.havetested

C.weretesting

D.hadtested

問題7選項

A.distinct

B.instinct

C.remotes

D.vague

問題8選項

A.Since

B.However

C.As

D.While

問題9選項

A.scarcelynot

B.virtually

C.largely

D.hardly.

問題10選項

A.superficially

B.universally

C.inherently

D.initially,

問題11選項

A.as

B.that

C.which

D.all

問題12選項

A.few

B.notafew

C.notfew

D.quitefew

問題13選項

A.be

B.were

C.was

D.is

問題14選項

A.noneof

B.neitherof

C.either

D.both

問題15選項

A.got

B.gained

C.reached

D.accomplished

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:A

第6題:D

第7題:A

第8題:D

第9題:D

第10題:C

第11題:C

第12題:B

第13題:D

第14題:D

第15題:C

【解析】1.考查固定搭配。dobetterat...在……方面做得更好。

2.考查固定搭配。belikelytodosth.可能做某事,故選C。

3.語法題。考查時態(tài)??崭袼诰湟鉃?偉大的數(shù)學家?guī)缀酢际悄行?這里強調(diào)從過去到現(xiàn)在一直存在的事實,因此用現(xiàn)在完成時。

4.語義題。smaller更小的,一般指尺寸、數(shù)量等;less和fewer都可以表示更少的,較少的但less修飾不可數(shù)名詞,fewer修飾可數(shù)名詞;notmore不多。由關鍵詞ability可知B正確。

5.考查固定搭配。trytodosth.努力做某事。此處動詞settle與debate搭配表示“解決爭端”。

6.語法題??疾闀r態(tài)。根據(jù)關鍵詞between1972and1979可知,此處需耍用過去完成吋態(tài)。

7.考查形容詞辨析。distinct明顯的;instinct本能,天性;remote偏遠的,偏僻的;vague模糊的。此處句意為:他們發(fā)現(xiàn)不同的性別之間有很大的不同,故選A。

8.考查邏輯關系。逗號前后兩個分句之間是對比關系,因此引導詞用while。

9.考查副詞辨析。scarcely幾乎不,一般沒有scarcelynot連用的情況;virtually事實上,幾乎;largely主要地,在很大程度上;hardly幾乎不。前后分句為對比關系。故選D。

10.考查副詞辨析。superficially表面地;universally普遍地;inherently固有地,內(nèi)在地;initially最初。這里想表達“相比女性,男性在數(shù)學方面有內(nèi)在優(yōu)勢”,故選C。

11.語法題??疾閺木涞囊龑г~?!埃?/p>

)werepublishedin‘Science’”這部分為非限制性定語從句修飾BenbowandStanley’sfindings,C項which能引導非限制性定語從句,故選C。

12.語義題。few很少的;notafew不少,相當多;沒有nowfew和quitefew的用法。此處句意為:這一研究結果讓一些男性和很多女性感到不安,故選B。

13.語法題。考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。此處需填入系動詞,此處主語是math,故排除A和B。根據(jù)提示詞now可知,D正確。

14.考查固定搭配。both...and...不但…而且…。

15.考查固定搭配。reachaconclusion得出結論。

19.單選題

Ingeneral,theamountthatastudentspendsforhousingshouldbeheldtoone-fifththetotal(

)forlivingexpenses.

問題1選項

A.acceptable

B.available

C.advisable

D.applicable

【答案】B

【解析】句意:通常,一個學生花在住房上的費用應控制在可支配生活費總額的五分之一以內(nèi)。

考查形容詞辨析。acceptable可接受的,令人滿意的;available可獲得的,可購得的,有空的;advisable明智的,可取的;applicable適用的,可實施的。故B符合句意。

20.單選題

Ifanyofthesesymptoms(

)whileyouaretakingthemedicine,consultyourdoctorimmediately.

問題1選項

A.establish

B.represent

C.perform

D.occur

【答案】D

【解析】考察動詞詞義辨析。establish“建立;創(chuàng)立”;represent“代表;表現(xiàn)”;perform“表演;執(zhí)行:完成”;occur“發(fā)生”。句意:如果用藥期間出現(xiàn)上述癥狀,請立刻咨詢醫(yī)生。選項D符合題意。

21.單選題

Whilebeingquestionedonthecourt,themandenied(

)theoldlady’snecklace.

問題1選項

A.havingtaken

B.taking

C.tohavetaken

D.totake

【答案】A

【解析】句意:法庭傳訓他的吋候,他拒不承認拿了老太太的項鏈。

考查固定搭配。denydoingsth.否認做了某事。另外由于動作是發(fā)生在過去,因此需要用完成時態(tài),故答案選A。

22.單選題

Itisreportedthatfewerandfeweroftoday'sworkersexpecttospendtheirworkinglivesinthesamefield,()thesamecompany.

問題1選項

A.muchworse

B.letalone

C.allelse

D.lesslikely

【答案】B

【解析】動詞辨析題。A選項muchworse“更糟糕的是...”;B選項letalone“更不用說,聽任,不打擾”;C選項allelse“其他所有”;D選項lesslikely“最不可能的”。句意:據(jù)報道,如今越來越少的工人希望自己的職業(yè)生涯都在同一領域工作,更不用說同一家公司了。選項B符合句意。

23.單選題

Thehealth-careeconomyisfilledwithunusualandevenuniqueeconomicrelationships.Oneoftheleastunderstoodinvolvesthepeculiarrolesofproduceror"provider"andpurchaseror"consumer”inthetypicaldoctor-patientrelationship.Inmostsectorsoftheeconomy,itisthesellerwhoattemptstoattractapotentialbuyerwithvariousinducementsofprice,quality,andutility,anditisthebuyerwhomakesthedecision.Suchcondition,howeverdoesnotprevailinmostofthehealth-careindustry.

Inthehealth-careindustry,thedoctor-patientrelationshipisthemirrorimageoftheordinaryrelationshipbetweenproducerandconsumer.Onceanindividualhaschosentoseeaphysician—andeventhentheremaybenorealchoice—itisthephysicianwhousuallymakesallsignificantpurchasingdecisions:whetherthepatientshouldret

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