2022年考研考博-考博英語-陜西師范大學考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號61

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-陜西師范大學考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實際調整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.

Everybookstandsbyitself,likeaone-familyhouse,butbooksinalibraryarelikehousesinacity.Althoughtheyareseparated,togethertheyalladduptosomething;theyareconnectedwitheachotherandwithothercities.Thesameideas,orrelatedones,turnupindifferentplaces;thehumanproblemsthatrepeatthemselvesinliferepeatthemselvesinliterature,butwithdifferentsolutionsaccordingtodifferentwritingsatdifferenttimes.Booksinfluenceeachother;theylinkthepast,thepresentandthefutureandhavetheirowngenerations,likefamilies.Whereveryoustartreadingyouconnectyourselfwithoneofthefamiliesofideas,andinthelongrun,younotonlyfindoutabouttheworldandthepeopleinit;youfindoutaboutyourself,too.

Readingcanonlybefunifyouexpectittobe.Ifyouconcentrateonabookthatmeanssomethingtoyou,andrelaxwithit,youwillalmostcertainlyhaveagoodtime—andifyoubecome,asaresultofreading,better,wiser,kinder,ormoregentle,youwon’thavesufferedduringtheprocess.

【答案】每本書彼此獨立，就像一個個獨戶住宅，而圖書館里的藏書就好像城市里的千家萬戶。盡管它們相互獨立，但只有互相聯(lián)系才有意義，家家戶戶彼此相連，城市與城市彼此相依。相同或相似的思想在不同地方涌現(xiàn)。在生活中重復出現(xiàn)的問題也會在文學作品反復出現(xiàn)，但因時代與作品的差異，解決對策也會有所不同。書籍之間也會互相影響，它們聯(lián)系著過去、現(xiàn)在和將來，并且如同家庭一樣也會世代延續(xù)。無論從哪里開始閱讀，你都會將自己和一個家族的思想聯(lián)系在一起，長遠來看，你不僅能發(fā)現(xiàn)這個世界和里面的人，也能在其中發(fā)現(xiàn)自我。

閱讀只有在你期望它有趣時才會真的有趣。如果你專注于一本對你有特殊意義的書，并且樂在其中，那么你就會體驗一段美妙的時光——如果你因為閱讀而變得更加善良、聰明、隨和或是優(yōu)雅，那么你就會享受閱讀的過程。

2.單選題

Africanstudentshavemountedstrongprotestsoverthemeasure,claimingthattheyarebeingagainst.

問題1選項

A.displaced

B.discriminated

C.resented

D.disturbed

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項displacedv.取代，替換；B選項discriminatedv.歧視，辨別，區(qū)別；C選項resentedv.怨恨，厭惡；D選項disturbedv.擾亂，干擾。根據(jù)句意可知非洲學生們已經針對實施方案確立了反抗提案，聲稱他們遭受了種族歧視。因此，正確答案為B項。

3.單選題

TheSpaceAge______inOctober1975whenthefirstartificialsatellitewaslaunchedbytheformerSovietUnion.

問題1選項

A.initiated

B.originated

C.embarked

D.commenced

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項initiate“開始，發(fā)起”，一般指活動，團體的產生；B選項originate“起源于，來自，產生”；C選項embark“上船，裝船，從事”，后面常接介詞on/upon；D選項commence“開始”，指重大事件及歷史時期的開始。根據(jù)TheSpaceAge（太空時代）和thefirstartificialsatellite（第一顆人造衛(wèi)星）可知是一件重大事件，因此選D。句意：太空時代始于1957年10月，當時蘇聯(lián)發(fā)射了第一顆人造衛(wèi)星。

4.單選題

_____inthepast,atthemomentitisafavoritechoiceforweddinggown.

問題1選項

A.Unpopularhasaswhitebeen

B.Whitehasbeenasunpopular

C.Unpopularhasbeenaswhite

D.Unpopularaswhitehasbeen

【答案】D

【解析】語法題。as引導的讓步狀語從句，一般將形容詞，名詞等提前，使用部分倒裝。A、B、C選項語序錯誤。D選項符合部分倒裝形式，將表語提前。因此，本題正確答案為D項。句意：盡管白色禮服在過去并不流行，但是現(xiàn)在卻是最為流行的婚紗顏色。

5.單選題

Johnsaidthathedidn’tquite______andaskedmetorepeatwhatIhadsaid.

問題1選項

A.snatchup

B.summonup

C.catchon

D.watchout

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項snatchup“奪取，猛然抓住”；B選項summonup“鼓起（勇氣），使出（力氣），喚起”；C選項catchon“理解，明白，變得流行”；D選項watchout“當心，注意”。根據(jù)askedmetorepeatwhatIhadsaid可推測前面指他沒聽明白我說的話，因此選C。句意：John說他沒有太明白，要我重復我下我所說的話。

6.單選題

Whenthefarmersvisitedthecityforthefirsttime,theywere_____byitscomplicatedtrafficsystem.

問題1選項

A.precluded

B.bewildered

C.diverted

D.expired

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項preclude“排出，消除，妨礙”；B選項bewilder“使迷惑”；C選項divert“使轉移”；D選項expire“期滿”。根據(jù)thefirsttime和complicatedtrafficsystem可知B選項符合語義。句意：當農民們第一次參觀這座城市時，他們被它復雜的交通系統(tǒng)弄糊涂了。

7.單選題

Onthestagemanypiecesofbluesilkwerefluctuatedto（）theseawaves

問題1選項

A.simplify

B.simulate

C.stimulate

D.signify

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項simplifyv.簡化，使簡易；B選項simulatev.模仿，假裝，冒充；C選項stimulatev.刺激，鼓舞，激發(fā)；D選項signifyv.表示，意味著。句意：在舞臺上，許多舞動著的藍絲綢模擬出了海浪的景象。根據(jù)句意，本題選擇B項正確。

8.單選題

Whenpreparingadiet,apersonshouldbeawarethatvitaminDactstoincreasetheamountofcalciumabsorbedbythebody.

問題1選項

A.scheduleofexercise

B.nutritionalplan

C.studyoflongevity

D.medicinalchart

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。題目中diet表示“飲食，規(guī)定飲食”；A選項為“鍛煉日程”；B選項為“營養(yǎng)計劃”；C選項為“長壽研宄”；D選項為“藥用圖表，藥紙”。句意：在安排飲食時，個人應該注意維他命D的作用是增加人體對鈣的吸收。因此，B項為正確答案。

9.單選題

Ifnooneasksanyquestion,I______everybodyunderstands.

問題1選項

A.deduce

B.presume

C.pretend

D.presuppose

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項deduce“推論，推斷”；B選項presume“假設，認為”；C選項pretend“假裝，偽裝”；D選項presuppose“假設，以……為前提”。根據(jù)Ifnooneasksanyquestion可知B選項符合邏輯搭配。句意：如果沒有人問任何問題，那么我認為大家都能理解。

10.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.

我崇拜朝氣，喜歡自由，贊美膽量大的，精力強的。一個人行為或精神上有朝氣，不在蠅頭小利上打算計較，不拘泥于物質攫取與人世毀譽；他能挺起脊梁，堅持走自己的路，他所學的或同我所學的完全是兩樣東西，他的政治思想或與我的極其相反，他的宗教信仰或與我的格格不入，那不礙事，我仍然覺得他是個朋友，這是個人。我喜歡這種人，也尊敬這種人。這種人也許粗魯了一點，但一切偉大事業(yè)偉大作品就只有這類人才有份，他不可避免會失敗，但決不會輕易放棄。

【答案】Iworshipvitalityandfreedom,andIadmirethepluckyandthestronginheart.Apersonwhoisfullofvitalityinbehaviorandspiritwouldbeneitherconcernedwithpettyprofitsnorconstrainedbythematerialprosperityandreputation.Hecanbeuprightandinsistonhisownway.Thoughwhathehaslearntistotallydifferentfromthatofmine,aswellaspoliticalthoughtsandreligiousbelief,allofthesedonotmatter.Istillconsiderhimasmyfriendandarealman.Ilikehimandalsorespecthiskindofperson.Maybetheyarealittlerude,butonlythiskindofmencanaccomplishgreatworksandcause.Inevitably,hemaybefail,buthewillnevergiveupeasily.

11.單選題

Beforepolicecouldstopthedrink-crazeddriver,hehadcrashed______anothercarandsentsixpersonstothehospital.

問題1選項

A.out

B.against

C.into

D.on

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。crashout表示“（因極度困倦或醉酒而）入睡，睡覺”；crashagainst表示“碰撞（常發(fā)出巨大的聲響或造成破壞）”，against指對立；crashinto“撞上，墜毀”，into指進去；haveacrushonsb,表示“喜歡某人”，為固定搭配。根據(jù)thedrink-crazeddriver與anothercar可知C選項符合語義。句意：在警察還沒來得及制止酒后駕車的司機，他就撞上了另一輛車，并使六個人送往醫(yī)院。

12.單選題

Satellitecommunicationsaresoup-to-datethatevenwhen______inthemiddleofthePacific,businessmencancontacttheirofficesasiftheywerenextdoor.

問題1選項

A.gliding

B.cruising

C.piloting

D.patrolling

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項glide“滑行，滑翔”；B選項cruise“（船，飛機）航行，游行”；C選項pilot“駕駛，領航”；D選項patrol“巡邏，巡查”。根據(jù)inthemiddleofthePacific可知B選項符合邏輯搭配。句意：衛(wèi)星通信高度發(fā)達，即使商人在太平洋的中部航行，也可以和辦公室及時聯(lián)系，就好像他們在隔壁一樣。

13.單選題

ProfessorKlineconcludesthatcompetitionwithresearchintheuniversitiesissodetrimentaltoteachingthatherecommendsthatthetwofunctionsbephysicallyandfinanciallyseparatedbysettingupresearchinstitutes.Isuggestedthatthedevelopmentofasoundprogramofeducationalresearchwouldbemuchmorebeneficialtoteaching.Suchaprogramwouldnotonlyimproveteachingtheoryandtechnique,itwouldmakeclearwhatcompetenciesarerequiredofagoodteacherandhelpprofessorsattainthem.Educationalresearchshouldberequiredtomeetthesamestandardsasscientificresearch,butitcannotberaisedtothosestandardswithoutcomparablesupportandcommitment.Competenteducationalresearchisnomoreapart-timeactivitythancompetentscientificresearch.Therelativelytrivialeducationalresearchsocommonintheuniversitiesisaninevitableconsequenceoftrivialcommitmentbytheuniversities.Ratherthanbelittlesuchresearch,theprofessorshaveanobligationtoseethatitisupgraded.Letnoonethinkthateducationalresearchiseasy:itisconcernedwithnolessthanunravelingthecomplexitiesofthehumanmind.Thereisnoreasontobelievethataneffectivetheoryandtechnologyofinstructionisanyeasiertoachievethancontrollednuclearfusion.Itiscertainlyeverybitasworthy.

1.ProfessorKlinebelievesthatcompetitionwithresearchintheuniversities（）.

2.Theauthorwantstoimprove（）.

3.Theauthorbelievesthatscientificresearch（）.

4.Accordingtotheauthoreducationalresearch（）.

5.Educationalresearchinmostuniversitiestoday（）.

問題1選項

A.leadstotheestablishmentofseparateresearchinstitutes

B.isharmfultoteaching

C.functionswellintheuniversities

D.isfinanciallyunsound

問題2選項

A.researchinstitutes

B.developmentprograms

C.educationalresearch

D.part-timeactivity

問題3選項

A.isnotnecessarilyeasierthaneducationalresearch

B.hasstandardsthateducationalresearchcannotattain

C.witheducationalresearch

D.mustberelegatedtoapart-timeactivity

問題4選項

A.isrelativelyeasy

B.isquitecomplex

C.isoftentrivial

D.shouldhavelowerstandards

問題5選項

A.receivesadequatesupport

B.isnolongerapart-tomeactivity

C.iseasytoachieve

D.needsmorecommitment

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。由原文第一段ProfessorKlineconcludesthatcompetitionwithresearchintheuniversitiesissodetrimentaltoteachingthatthetwofunctionsbephysicallyandfinanciallyseparatedbysettingupresearchinstitutes.，可知，ProfessorKline認為研究成果的競爭會對教育產生負面的影響，從而降低教學質量，即對教學有不利影響。因此，B項為正確答案。

2.細節(jié)事實題。由原文…thedevelopmentofasoundprogramofeducationalresearchwouldbemuchmorebeneficialtoteaching.以及Educationalresearchshouldberequiredtomeetthesamestandardsasscientificresearch…可知，作者認為必須提高educationalresearch的地位，要把educationalresearch和scientificresearch放在同等重要的位置共謀發(fā)展。A選項researchinstitutes一直就是學校比較重視的方面；B選項并未在文中單獨說明；D選項也不是側重點。因此，C項符合原文，為正確答案。

3.觀點態(tài)度題。由原文Educationalresearchshouldberequiredtomeetthesamestandardsasscientificresearch,butitcannotberaisedtothosestandardswithoutcomparablesupportandcommitment.可知，作者認為教育研究應該與科學研究有一樣的標準，但是如果沒有同等的投入和支持，無法實現(xiàn)這些標準。因此，B項認為“科學研究的有些標準，教育研究無法實現(xiàn)”是正確答案。故本題選擇B項。

4.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)原文Letnoonethinkthateducationalresearchiseasy:itisconcernedwithnolessthanunravelingthecomplexitiesofthehumanmind.可知，作者認為教育研究并不簡單，難度不亞于解開人類思維的復雜性。故本題正確答案為B項。

5.細節(jié)事實題。通過原文Therelativelytrivialeducationalresearchsocommonintheuniversitiesisaninevitableconsequenceoftrivialcommitmentbytheuniversities.Ratherthanbelittlesuchresearch,theprofessorshaveanobligationtoseethatitisupgraded.可知，如今在大學中，教育研究需要更多的承諾，教授們有責任促進教學科研水平的提高，而不是減少這類研究。因此，D項是正確答案。

14.單選題

Judiciouspraiseis（）thesunistoflowers.

問題1選項

A.likechildrento

B.aschildrenas

C.tochildrenwhat

D.thatchildrenwith

【答案】C

【解析】考查常用句型。句型“AtoBiswhatCtoD”表示A對于B就像C對于D一樣。句意：對孩子公正的評價就宛如陽光對花朵的照耀一般。因此，C項為正確答案。

15.單選題

Whenhetriedtomakea_______,hefoundthatthehotelthathewantedwascompletelyfilledbecauseofaconvention.

問題1選項

A.complaint

B.claim

C.reservation

D.lodging

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項complaint“抱怨，控訴”；B選項claim“宣稱，聲稱”；C選項reservation“預約，預訂”；D選項lodging“寄宿，借宿”。根據(jù)thehotelwascompletelyfilled（酒店客滿了）可知C選項符合語義，makeareservation表示“預訂”。句意：當他試圖預訂時，他發(fā)現(xiàn)他想要的旅館因為一個會議而客滿。

16.單選題

Therearesuperstitionsattachedtonumbers;eventhoseancientGreeksbelievedthatallnumbersandtheirmultipleshadsomemysticalsignificance.

Thosenumbersbetween1and13wereinparticulartohaveapowerfulinfluenceovertheaffairsofmen.

Forexample,itiscommonlysaidthatluck,goodorbad,comesinthrees;ifanaccidenthappens,twomoreofthesamekindmaybeexpectedsoonafterwards.Thearrivalofaletterwillbefollowedbytwootherswithinacertainperiod.

Anotherbeliefinvolvingthenumberthreehasitthatitisunluckytolightthreecigarettesfromtheonematch.Ifthishappens,thebadluckthatgoeswiththedeedfallsuponthepersonwhosecigarettewasthelasttobelit.Theill-omenlinkedtothelightingofthreethingsfromonematchorcandlegoesbacktoatleastthe17thcenturyandprobablyearlier.Itwasbelievedthatthreecandlesalightatthesametimewouldbesuretobringbadluck;one,two,orfour,werepermissible,butneverjustthree.

Sevenwasanothersignificantnumber,usuallyregardedasabringerofgoodluck.Theancientastrologersbelievedthattheuniversewasgovernedbysevenplanets;studentsofShakespearewillrecallthatthelifeofmanwasdividedintosevenages.Sevenhorseshoesnailedtoahousewillprotectitfromallevil.

Nineisusuallythoughtofasaluckynumberbecauseitistheproductofthreetimesthree.ItwasmuchusedbytheAngloSaxonsintheircharmsforhealing.

Anotherbeliefwasthatgreatchangesoccurredevery7thand9thofaman'slife.Consequently,theageof63(theproductofnineandseven)wasthoughtlobeaveryperiloustimeforhim.Ifhesurvivedhis63rdyearhemighthopetolivetoaripeoldage.

Thirteen,aswewellknow,isregardedwithgreataweandfear.

Thecommonbeliefisthatthisderivesfromthefactthattherewere13peopleatChrist’sLastSupper.Thisbeingtheeveofhisbetrayal,itisnotdifficulttounderstandthesignificancegiventothenumberbytheearlyChristians.

Inmoremodemtimes13isanespeciallyunluckynumberofadinnerparty,forexample.Hotelswillavoidnumberingafloorthe13th;theprogressionisfrom12to14,andnoroomisgiventhenumber13.Manyhomeownerswilluse121/2insteadof13astheirhousenumber.

Yetoddlyenough,tobebornonthe13thofthemonthisnotregardedwithanyfearatall,whichjustshowshowirrationalweareinoursuperstitiousbeliefs.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowinggroupsofnumberswillcertainlybringgoodlucktopeople?

2.Theillluckassociatedwith13issupposedtohaveitsoriginin.

3.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardspeople’ssuperstitiousbeliefs?

問題1選項

A.3and7.

B.3and9.

C.7and9.

D.3and13.

問題2選項

A.legend

B.religion

C.popularbelief

D.certaincustoms

問題3選項

A.Heismildlycritical.

B.Heisstronglycritical.

C.Heisinfavorofthem.

D.Hisattitudeisnotclear.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。由文章第五段中的Sevenwasanothersignificantnumber,usuallyregardedasabringerofgoodluck.（七是另一個重要的數(shù)字，通常被認為是好運的使者）和第六段中的Nineisusuallythoughtofasaluckynumber（九通常被認為是一個幸運的數(shù)字）可知數(shù)字七與九代表好運，因此選C。

2.細節(jié)事實題。由文章倒數(shù)第三段中的Thecommonbeliefisthatthisderivesfromthefactthattherewere13peopleatChrist’sLastSupper.（人們普遍認為這個數(shù)字起源于耶穌最后的晚餐中有13人的事實）可知13這個數(shù)字來源于宗教，因此選B。

3.觀點態(tài)度題。由文章最后一段中的Yetoddlyenough,tobebornonthe13thofthemonthisnotregardedwithanyfearatall,whichjustshowshowirrationalweareinoursuperstitiousbeliefs.（但奇怪的是，出生在13號的人一點也不害怕，這恰恰說明我們迷信的觀念是多么的不理智）可知作者對迷信帶有點批判的態(tài)度，因此選A。

17.單選題

Thecourtconsidersafinancial______tobeanappropriatewayofpunishinghim.

問題1選項

A.option

B.obsession

C.obligation

D.penalty

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項option“選擇”；B選項obsession“癡迷，著魔，困擾”；C選項obligation“義務，責任”；D選項penalty“懲罰”。根據(jù)punishinghim可知D選項符合語義。句意：法院認為經濟處罰是懲罰他的適當方式。

18.單選題

Please（）thoseoldnewspaperswhileyou’recleaninguptheroom.

問題1選項

A.disposeout

B.disposeof

C.disposeaway

D.disposein

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組搭配。A選項disposeout非短語搭配；B選項disposeof處理，轉讓，賣掉；C選項disposeaway非短語搭配；D選項disposein非短語搭配。因此，只有B項為正確搭配，且符合題意。句意：請你在清理房間的時候丟掉這些過期的報紙。

19.單選題

Thefirehascausedgreatlosses,butthefactorytriedto______theconsequencesbysayingthatthedamagewasnotasseriousasreported.

問題1選項

A.decrease

B.subtract

C.minimize

D.degrade

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項decrease“減少，減小”，強調事物逐漸減少的過程，主要是指數(shù)量、質量等方面的減少；B選項subtract“減去”；C選項minimize“最小化，將……減到最小”；D選項degrade“降低（地位），貶低”。句意：這場火災造成了巨大損失，但工廠表示損失沒有報道的嚴重，試圖將后果降到最低。

20.單選題

Itisduetotheinventionofthecomputerthatmanhasbeenabletoworksomany.Acase_____isthesuccessfullaunchingofspaceshuttle.

問題1選項

A.inpoint

B.inquestion

C.inaway

D.inbrier

【答案】A

【解析】考查短語搭配。A選項inpoint相關的，恰當?shù)?；B選項inquestion討論中的，有問題的；C選項inaway從某種程度上，有點兒；D選項inbrief簡言之。因此，根據(jù)句意可知，正是電腦的發(fā)明才使得人們在過去的幾年中創(chuàng)造了這么多的奇跡，一個恰當?shù)睦泳褪呛教祜w機的成功發(fā)射。故A項是正確答案。

21.單選題

TheInternet,E-commerceandglobalizationaremakinganeweconomicerapossible.Inthefuture,capitalistmarketswilllargelybereplacedbyanewkindofeconomicsystembasedonnetworkedrelationships,contractualarrangementsandaccessrights.

Hasthequalityofourlivesatwork,athomeandinourcommunitiesincreasedindirectproportiontoallthenewInternetandbusiness-to-businessInternetservicesbeingintroducedintoourlives?IhaveaskedthisquestionofhundredsofCEOsandcorporateexecutivesinEuropeandtheUnitedStates.Surprisingly,virtuallyeveryonehassaid,“No,quitecontrary.”Theverypeopleresponsibleforusheringinwhatsomehavecalleda“technologicalrenaissance”saytheyareworkinglongerhours,feelmorestressed,aremoreimpatient,andareevenlesscivilintheirdealingswithcolleaguesandfriends―nottomentionstrangers.Andwhat’smorerevealing,theyplacemuchoftheblameontheverysametechnologiestheyaresoaggressivelychampioning.

Thetechnogurus(領袖)promisedusthataccesswouldmakelifemoreconvenientandgiveusmoretime.Instead,theverytechnologicalwondersthatweresupposedtoliberateushavebeguntoenslaveusinawebofconnectionsfromwhichthereseemstobenoeasyescape.

Ifanearliergenerationwaspreoccupiedwiththequesttoencloseavastgeographicfrontier,generation,itseems,ismorecaughtupinthecolonizationoftime.Everysparemomentofourtimeisbeingfilledwithsomeformofcommercialconnection,makingtimeitselfthemostscarceofallresources.Oure-mail,voicemailandcellphones,our24hourInteractnewsandentertainmentallseizeforourattention.

Andwhilewehavecreatedeverykindoflabor-andtime-savingdevicetoserviceourneeds,wearebeginningtofeellikewehavelesstimeavailabletousthananyotherhumansinhistory.Thatisbecausethegreatproliferationoflabor-andtime-savingservicesonlyincreasesthediversity,paceandflowofcommoditizedactivityaroundus.Forexample,e-mailisagreatconvenience.However,wenowfindourselvesspendingmuchofourdayfranticallyrespondingtoeachother’selectronicmessages.Thecellphoneisagreattime-saver.Exceptnowwearealwayspotentiallyinreachofsomeoneelsewhowantsourattention.

Socialconservativestalkaboutthedeclineincivilityandblameitonthelossofamoralcompassandreligiousvalues.Hasanyonebotheredtoaskwhetherthehyperspeedcultureismakingallofuslesspatientandlesswillingtolistenanddefer,considerandreflect?

Maybeweneedtoaskwhatkindsofconnectionsreallycountandwhattypesofaccessreallymatterinthee-economyera.Ifthisnewtechnologyrevolutionisonlyabouthyperefficiency,thenwerisklosingsomethingevenpreciousthantime―oursenseofwhatitmeanstobeacaringhumanbeing.

1.Accordingtothepassage,corporateexecutivesthinkthat______.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

3.Wgeneration?

4.Inthesixthparagraph,theauthorimpliedthat______.

5.Anappropriatetitleforthepassagemightbe______.

問題1選項

A.technologyrenaissanceshouldbepushedforward

B.technologyhasaprofoundimpactontheirlives.

C.technologyactuallyresultsinadeclineintheirlifequality

D.technologyshouldbeaggressivelychampioned

問題2選項

A.Technologywassupposedtofreepeople.

B.Tgenerationbecameslavesoftechnology.

C.Newtechnologiesoccupymuchofourtime.

D.Itisdifficulttoavoidtheinfluenceoftechnologywonders.

問題3選項

A.Technologicalwonders.

B.Accesstoinformation.

C.Time

D.Time-savingdevices.

問題4選項

A.socialconservativesblamedthelossofmoralityontechnology

B.generationwaslesscivilthantheearliergenerations

C.thehyperspeedcultureledtothedeclineincivility

D.technologymightmakepeoplelessimpatient

問題5選項

A.TheNewInternetLife

B.TheDrawbacksoftooMuchAccess

C.TheFailureofTechnologicalRenaissance

D.TheDecliningQualityofLife

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。由文章第二段中的Hasthequalityofourlivesatwork,athomeandinourcommunitiesincreasedindirectproportiontoallthenewInternetandbusiness-to-businessInternetservicesbeingintroducedintoourlives?“No,quitecontrary.”（我們在工作、家庭和社區(qū)的生活質量是否與我們生活中引入的所有新互聯(lián)網(wǎng)和企業(yè)對企業(yè)的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)服務成正比？“不，完全相反?！保┛芍狢選項“技術實際上導致了他們生活質量的下降”符合題意。

2.細節(jié)事實題。由文章第三段中的Instead,theverytechnologicalwondersthatweresupposedtoliberateushavebeguntoenslaveusinawebofconnectionsfromwhichthereseemstobenoeasyescape.（相反，本應解放我們的科技奇跡，卻開始把我們束縛在一個似乎無法輕易擺脫的聯(lián)系網(wǎng)中）但并不是說網(wǎng)絡一代變成了技術的奴隸，因此選B。

3.細節(jié)事實題。由文章第四段中的Everysparemomentofourtimeisbeingfilledwithsomeformofcommercialconnection,makingtimeitselfthemostscarceofallresources.（我們的每一個空閑時間都充滿了某種形式的商業(yè)聯(lián)系，使時間本身成為所有資源中最稀缺的）可知選C。

4.推理判斷題。文章第六段中的Hasanyonebotheredtoaskwhetherthehyperspeedcultureismakingallofuslesspatientandlesswillingtolistenanddefer,considerandreflect?（有沒有人問過，高速發(fā)展的文化是否讓我們所有人都變得不那么有耐心，不太愿意傾聽、推遲、考慮和反思？）可知D選項“科技可能會使人失去耐心”符合題意。

5.主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了科技給人們生活帶來的負面影響，因此B選項“使用過多的缺點”符合題意。

22.單選題

Afterafewmonthsofworkingwithhishands,Dr.Brownreturnedtohiscollege,______thathistimehadbeenwellspent.

問題1選項

A.persuaded

B.convinced

C.noticed

D.promised

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項persuade“勸說，說服，使信服”，指通過勸說、感情交流等而使對方做勸說者所希望的事；B選項convince“使確信，使相信”，指憑行動、事實或言語使他人從思想感情上信服；C選項notice“注意，察覺”；D選項promise“允諾，許諾”。根據(jù)Afterafewmonthsofworkingwithhishands和histimehadbeenwellspent可知B選項符合語義。句意：經過幾個月的動手操作后，確信自己的時間花得值得的布朗博士回到了大學。

23.單選題

Mostofusaretaughttopayattentiontowhatissaid—thewords.Wordsdoprovideuswithsomeinformation,butmeaningsarederivedfromsomanyothersourcesthatitwouldhinderoureffectivenessasapartnertoarelationshiptorelytooheavilyonwordsalone.Wordsareusedtodescribeonlyasmallpartofthemanyideasweassociatewithanygivenmessage.Sometimeswecangaininsightintosomeofthoseassociationsifwelistenformorethanwords.Wedon’talwayssaywhatwemeanormeanwhatwesay.Sometimesourwordsdon’tmeananythingexcept“I’mlettingoffsomesteam.Idon’treallywantyoutopaycloseattentiontowhatI’msaying.JustpayattentiontowhatI’mfeeling.”Mostlywemeanseveralthingsatonce.Apersonwantingtopurchaseahousesaystothecurrentowner,“ThisstephastobefixedbeforeI’llbuy.”Theownersays,“It’sbeenlikethatforyears.”Actually,thestephasn’tbeenlikethatforyears,buttheunspokenmessageis:“Idon’twanttofixit.Weputupwithit.Whycan’tyou?”Thesearchforamoreexpansiveviewofmeaningcanbedevelopedbyexaminingamessageintermsofwhosaidit,whenitoccurred,therelatedconditionsorsituation,andhowitwassaid.

Whenamessageoccurscanalsorevealassociatedmeaning.Letusassumetwocouplesdoexactlythesameamountofkissingandarguing.Butonecouplealwayskissesafteranargumentandtheothercouplealwaysarguesafterakiss.Theorderingofthebehaviorsmaymeanagreatdealmorethanthefrequencyofthebehavior.Afriend’sunusuallydocilebehaviormayonlybeunderstoodbynotingthatitwasprecededbysituationsthatrequiredanabnormalamountofassertiveness.Someresponsesmaybedirectlylinkedtoadevelopingpatternofresponsesanddefylogic.Forexample,apersonwhosays“No!”toaserialsofchargeslike“You'redumb/'“You’relazy,”and“You'redishonest,”mayalsosay“NoP'andtrytojustifyhisorherresponseifthenextstatementis‘‘Andyou'regoodlooking.”

Wewoulddowelltolistenforhowmessagesarepresented.Thewords,“Ifsurehasbeennicetohaveyouover,”canbesaidwithemphasisandexcitementorritualistically.Thephrasecanbesaidonceorrepeatedseveraltimes.Andthemeaningsweassociatewiththephrasewillchangeaccordingly.Sometimesifwesaysomethinginfrequentlyitassumesmoreimportance;sometimesthemorewesaysomethingthelessimportanceitassumes.

1.Effectivecommunicationisrenderedpossiblebetweentwoconversingpartnersif______.

2.“I’mlettingoffsomesteam”inparagraph1means_____.

3.Thehouse-owner’sexampleshowsthatheactuallymeans______.

4.Someresponsesandbehaviorsmayappearveryillogical,butarejustifiableif______.

5.Theword“ritualistically”inthelastparagraphequalssomethingdone______.

問題1選項

A.theyuseproperwordstocarrytheirideas

B.theybothspeaktrulyoftheirownfeelings

C.theytrytounderstandeachother’sideasbeyondwords

D.theyarecapableofassociatingmeaningwiththeirwords

問題2選項

A.I’mjustcallingyourattention

B.Pmjustkidding

C.Pmjustsayingtheopposite

D.I’mjustgivingoffsomesound

問題3選項

A.thestephasbeenlikethatforyears

B.hedoesn’tthinkitnecessarytofixthestep

C.theconditionofthestepisonlyaminorfault

D.thecostinvolvedinthefixingshouldbeshared

問題4選項

A.linkedtoanabnormalamountofassertiveness

B.seenasone’shabitualpatternofbehavior

C.takenaspartofanorderingsequence

D.expressedtoaseriesofcharges

問題5選項

A.withouttrueintention

B.light-heartedly

C.inawayofceremony

D.withlessemphasis

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。由文章第一段中的Wordsdoprovideuswithsomeinformation,butmeaningsarederivedfromsomanyothersourcesthatitwouldhinderoureffectivenessasapartnertoarelationshiptorelytooheavilyonwordsalone.（言語的確為我們提供了一些信息，但其意思是從如此多的其它來源中獲取出來的，以至于過于依賴言語將阻礙我們與其他人交流的效果）可知D選項“他們能把自己的言語與意思聯(lián)系起來”符合題意。

2.細節(jié)事實題。由文章第一段中的Sometimesourwordsdon’tmeananythingexcept“I’mlettingoffsomesteam.Idon’treallywantyoutopaycloseattentiontowhatI’msaying.JustpayattentiontowhatI’mfeeling.”（有時我們的言語并沒有什么意思，除了“我正在宣泄情緒。我實際上不想讓你仔細聽我說的話，而是注意我的感受”外）可知A選項“我只是提醒你注意”符合題意。

3.細節(jié)事實題。由文章一段中的Actually,thestephasn’tbeenlikethatforyears,buttheunspokenmessageis:“Idon’twanttofixit.Weputupwithit.Whycan’tyou?”（事實上，這個臺階已經有好幾年不是這樣的了，但暗含的信息是：“我不想修復它。我們能忍受它。你為什么不能忍受它了？）可知B選項“他認為沒必要修臺階”符合題意。

4.細節(jié)推理題。題干意思是“有些反應和行為可能看起來非常不合邏輯，但如果……，是合理的”。根據(jù)第二段第五句Afriend’sunusuallydocilebehaviormayonlybeunderstoodbynotingthatitwasprecededbysituationsthatrequiredanabnormalamountofassertiveness.（一個朋友的異常溫順的行為，也許只能通過注意到它是以需要異常自信的情境為前提才能被理解）和第六句Someresponsesmaybedirectlylinkedtoadevelopingpatternofresponsesanddefylogic.（有些反應可能直接與反應的發(fā)展模式有關，而且不符合邏輯）可推斷，如果要理解有些反應和行為，那么就需要注意到之前發(fā)生的事件的情況，所以C項“作為有序的續(xù)發(fā)事件的一部分”符合題意。A項“與一定反常程度的自信有關”，表述不夠全面；B項“被視為一個人的習慣性行為模式”，文中沒有提到習慣性行為；D項“表達了一系列指控”在文中只是舉例說明，D項不選。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

5.詞義題?！皉itual（儀式，慣例）”為副詞ritualistically的名詞形式，故ritualistically表述“儀式地”，因此選C。

24.單選題

TheSpaceAge_____inOctober1957whenthefirstartificialsatellitewaslaunchedbytheSovietUnion.

問題1選項

A.initiated

B.originated

C.embarked

D.commenced

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項initiate“開始，發(fā)起”，一般指活動，團體的產生；B選項originate“起源于，來自，產生”；C選項embark“上船，裝船，從事”，后面常接介詞on/upon；D選項commence“開始”，指重大事件及歷史時期的開始。根據(jù)TheSpaceAge（太空時代）和thefirstartificialsatellite（第一顆人造衛(wèi)星）可知是一件重大事件，因此選D。句意：太空時代始于1957年10月，當時蘇聯(lián)發(fā)射了第一顆人造衛(wèi)星。

25.單選題

Hisexpenditureonholidaysandluxuriesisratherhighin______tohisincome.

問題1選項

A.comparison

B.proportion

C.association

D.calculation

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。inproportionto表示“與……成比例，與……相稱”。句意：他在假日和奢侈品上的開銷占他收入相當大的比例。

26.單選題

Inthenextfewyearsmajorchangeswillbe（）inChina’sindustries.

問題1選項

A.broughtforward

B.