專題1 過突破-閱讀理解

1、PAGE13專題1閱讀理解過突破Passage1體裁:應(yīng)用文話題:文學(xué)與藝術(shù)主題:百字故事競賽詞數(shù):281建議用時:6分鐘2022湖北省武漢市高中畢業(yè)生調(diào)研測試Word-StoryCompetition2022Ourannualshortstorycompetitionisback.Asever,welookforwardtoreadingyours!TheRulesPleasemakesurethatstoriesarenew,notpreviouslypublishedandexactly100wordslong(notincludingthetitle).Wemayuseentriesi

2、nallprintandelectronicmedia.EntryisopenonlytopeoplelivingintheUK.ItisnotopentoemployeesofReadersDigestandallothersassociatedwiththiscompetition,theirimmediatefamiliesandrelativeslivinginanemployeeshousehold.TermsandConditionsTherearethreecategoriesoneforadultsandtwoforyoungpeople:oneforchildrenaged1

3、218andoneforchildrenunder12.Intheadultcategory,thewinnerwillreceivel000andtworunners-upwilleachreceive250.Inthechildrenaged1218andchildrenunder12categories,thewinnerswilleachreceiveaFireHD8andaselectionofSTAEDTLERproductsworth50,plustwoSTAEDTLERclasspacksofpencilsfortheirschool.Thetworunners-upinbot

4、hcategorieswilleachreceiveaKindle.Pleasesubmityourstoriesby5pmonFebruary19.Theeditorialteamwillpickashortlistofentries,.Winnersofthecategorieswillhaveanopportunitytowritealongerversionoftheirstoriesforinclusioninthebook.ThethreebeststoriesineachcategorywillbepostedonlineatonFebruary27.Youcanvotefory

5、ourfavourite,andtheonewiththemostvoteswinsthetopprize.Votingwillcloseat5pmonMarch19andthewinningentrywillbepublishedinourJuneissue(期).1.Whoisforbiddentotakepartmthestorycompetition?A.ABritishmanof20.B.AstaffmemberofReadersDigest.C.Anetfriendoftheorganizer.D.Anemployeeofthegovernment.2.Whichofthefoll

6、owingwillbeawardedtotheyouthwinners?A.AFireHD8.B.AKindle.C.50.D.250.3.Whenarethestoriesdue?A.By5pmonFebruary19.B.OnFebruary27C.At5pmonMarch19.D.InJune.4.Wherewillthewinningentrycomeout?A.OnTV.B.InamagazineC.Onawebsite。D.Inabook.Passage3體裁:說明文話題:社會主題:.生活中的假按鈕詞數(shù):347建議用時:7分鐘2022廣東省廣州市部分重點中學(xué)高三第二次模擬考試Whe

7、neverweseeabutton,weareeagertopressitbecauseweknowsomethingwillhappen.Thisistrueinmostcases,forexampleonadoorbellandontheon/off,buttonontheTV.Butsomebuttonsareactuallyfake,liketheclosebuttononalift.Manypeopleareinthehabitofpressingtheclosebuttonbecausetheydonthavethepatiencetowaitfortheliftdoorstosh

8、ut.Butlifts,closebuttonsareacompletescam(騙局）,atleastintheUSthedoorswillnotcloseanyfasternomatterhowhardyoupress.Itstartedinthe1990swhentheAmericanswithDisabilitiesActwaspassedintheUS,makingsurethatallliftsstayedopenlongenoughsothatpeoplewithdisabilitiescouldenter.OnlyUSfirefightersandrepairmencanuse

9、thebuttonstospeedupthedoor-closingprocessiftheyhaveacodeorspecialkeys.Buttonormalliftriders,thebuttonsarentcompletelyuseless.Accordingtopsychologists,fakebuttonscanactuallymakeyoufeelbetterbyofferingyouasenseofcontrol.Perceived(感決到的)controlisveryimportant.Itreducesstressandincreaseswell-being,EllenJ

10、.Langer,apsychologyprofessor,said,havingalackofcontrolisassociatedwithdepression.Expertshaverevealedthatalotofbuttonsthatdontdoanythingexistinourlivesforthissamepurpose.Forexample,manyofficesintheUShavefakethermostats(恒溫調(diào)節(jié)器）becausepeopletendtofeelbetterwhentheythinktheycancontrolthetemperatureinthei

11、rworkspace.Butpsychologistsfounditinterestingthatevenwhenpeopleareawareoftheselittlewhitelies,theystillcontinuetopushfakebuttonsbecauseaslongasthedoorseventuallyclose,itisconsideredtobeworththeeffort.Thathabitisheretostay,JohnKounios,apsychologyprofessor,said.EventhoughIhaverealdoubtsaboutthetraffic

12、lightbuttons,Ialwayspressthem.Afterall,Ivegotnothingelsetodowhilewaiting.Sowhynotpressthebuttoninthehopethatthisonewillwork?1.Whatistheauthorsmainpurposeinwritingthearticle?A.Toanalyzethefunctionsoffakebuttons.B.Todescribesomedifferentkindsoffakebuttons.C.Toexplaintheadvantagesanddisadvantagesoffake

13、buttons.D.Toexplorepeoplesdifferenthabitswhenitcomestopushingbuttons.2.InAmerica,theclosebuttonsonlifts_.A.arefakefortheconvenienceofdisabledpeopleB.workonlywhenpeoplepressthemhardforawhileC.werespeciallydesignedtogivepeopleasenseofcontrolD.cannotspeeduptheprocessofclosingthedoorinanycase3.Theunderl

14、inedpartforthissamepurposeinParagraph6refersto_.A.makingpeoplemorepatientB.givingpeopleperceivedcontrolC.helpingpeopletobuildupconfidenceD.makingpeoplewithdepressionfeelbetter4.AccordingtoJohnKounios,peoplewhopressfakebuttons_.A.shouldgiveupthishabitB.probablydosotokilltimeC.considerwhattheydotobeme

15、aninglessD.dontknowthatwhattheypressisfakePassage2體裁:記敘文話題:興趣與愛好主題:讀英文版本的書詞數(shù)=:326建議用時:7分鐘2022廣東省廣州市重點中學(xué)高三上學(xué)期聯(lián)合質(zhì)量檢測Iusedtothinkofmyselfasafairlyopenperson,butmybookshelvestoldadifferentstory.ApartfromafewIndiannovelsandtheAustralianandSouthAfricanbooks,myliteraturecollectionconsistedofBritishandAmeri

16、cantitles。Worsestill,Ihardlyeverreadanythingintranslation.MyreadingwaslimitedtostoriesbyEnglish-speakingauthors.So,atthestartof2022,IsetmyselfthechallengeoftryingtoreadabookfromeverycountryinayeartofindoutwhatIwasmissing.AsIwasunlikelytofindpublicationsfromnearly200nationsontheshelvesofmylocalbooksh

17、op,Idecidedtoasktheplanetsreadersforhelp.IcreatedablogcalledAYearofReadingtheWorld”andputoutanappealforsuggestionsfortitlesthatIcouldreadinEnglish.Theresponsewasamazing.BeforeIknewit,peopleallovertheplanetweregettingintouchwithideasandoffersofhelp.Somepostedmebooksfromtheirhomecountries.Othersdidhou

18、rsofresearchonmybehalf.Inaddition,severalwriterssentmeunpublishedtranslationsoftheirnovels,givingmearareopportunitytoreadworksotherwiseunavailabletothe62%oftheBritishwhoonlyspeakEnglish.Evenso,selectingbookswasnoeasytask.Withtranslationsmakinguponlyaround5percentofliteraryworkspublishedintheUKandIre

19、land,gettingEnglishversions(版本)ofstorieswasdifficult.Buttheeffortwasworthit.IfoundIwasvisitingthementalspaceofthestorytellers.Thesestoriesnotonlyopenedmymindtothereallifeinotherplaces,butopenedmyhearttothewaypeopletheremightfeel.Andthatinturnchangedmythinking.Throughreadingthestoriessharedwithmebybo

20、okishstrangersaroundtheglobe,IrealizedIwasnotalone,butpartofanetworkthatspreadallovertheplanet.1.WhichofthefollowingmightbefoundontheblogAYearofReadingtheWorld?A.ListsofEnglishversionbooks.B.ResearchonEnglishliterature.C.UnfinishednovelsbyBritishwriters.D.CommentsonEnglishliterature.2.Whywasithardfo

21、rtheauthortoselecttherightbookstoread?A.Theauthorwasreallybusydoingherwork.B.Theauthorwasonlyinterestedinafewtopics.C.Englishversionsofstoriesarenotwidelypublished.D.Mostbooksrecommendedarenotavailableinlocalbookshops.3.Theauthorisprobablyfrom_.A.AmericaB.theUKC.AustraliaD.CanadaPassage4體裁:說明文話題:社會主

22、題:航空信使詞數(shù):298建議用時:6分鐘2022陜西省西安市三校高三第一次檢測BrianarrivedattheSanFranciscoairporttwohoursbeforetheflighttoParis.Hewaswearingthreeshirts,ajacket,twopairsofsocks,apairofshorts,andtwopairsofjeans.Hewascarryingonesmallbackpack,whichwasveryfull,buthedidnthaveanyotherluggage.BrianneededtomeetamannamedTonybefore

23、hecheckedinforhisflight.HefoundTonyneartheAirFrancecounter.Tonygavehimaround-tripticketandasmallpackage.GivethispackagetoJean-PaulattheairportinParis.Hewillhaveasignwithyournameonit.Ithinkyoucanfindhimeasily,Tonysaid.Youdonthaveanyluggage,right?Onlythisbackpack,Briananswered.YousaidIcouldbringonecar

24、ry-onbag.Thatsright.Onecarry-onbagisfine.Haveagoodtrip.Thanks.IsBrianacriminal?NotatallHeisanaircourier.Andhepaidonly$110fortheround-triptickettoParis.Aircouriersgetcheapairlineticketsbecausetheytakeimportantpackagesandpaperstoforeigncountries.Businessessometimesneedtosendpackagesandpaperstopeoplein

25、foreigncountriesbythenextday.Often,theonlywaytheycandothisistouseanaircouriercompany.Itisnotcheapforabusinesstosendapackagewithanaircourier,butitisquick.Everyyearabout80,000peopleworldwidetravelasaircouriers.Thenumberofticketsforcouriertravelisgrowingbyabout10percentayear.However,aircouriertravelisn

26、tforeveryone.Butifyouhaveverylittlemoney,canbeflexibleaboutyourtravelplans,anddontmindwearingthesameclothesforaweek,itcanbeagreatwaytotakeavacation!1.Anaircourierisapersonwho_.A.managesabusinesscompanyinforeigncountriesB.organizesinternationalflightsfortouristsC.travelsaroundtheworldwithcheaptickets

27、D.deliverspapersandpackagestoforeigncountries2.Businesseschoosetheaircourierservicebecause_.A.itcostslessB.itisflexibleC.itsavestimeD.itgrowsfast3.Oneofthedisadvantagesoftravelingasanaircourieristhathe_.A.cannotdecidewhenandwheretotravelB.cannottakeanyluggagewithhimC.hastoweartwopairsofjeansD.savesl

28、ittlemoneyfromthetravel4.Theauthorofthetextmainly_.A.describestheactivitiesofalaw-breakerB.suggestsanidealwaytotravelC.arguesagainsttheaircouriertravelD.tellsusaboutadevelopingbusiness參考答案passage1語法解讀本文是一篇廣告宣傳類的應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了2022年百字故事競賽的相關(guān)事宜,包括競賽規(guī)則、參賽條件、作品截止時間以及獎勵等?！鹃L難句解讀】Theeditorialteamwillpickashort

29、listofentries,.分析:這是一個主從復(fù)合句。主句部分是一個主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)的簡單句；which是關(guān)系代詞,引導(dǎo)了一個非限制性定語從句修飾先行詞entries,并且在從句中作主語。譯文:編輯小組將會選出作品的候選名單,這些作品將會于今年由我們的合作伙伴出版。1.B【解析】查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞forbidden定位到關(guān)于競賽的TheRules(規(guī)則）部分。根據(jù)這一部分中的ItisnotopentoemployeesofReaderDigestandallothersassociatedwiththiscompetition.household可知,ReaderDigest的工作人員

30、、與競賽有關(guān)的人員及工作人員的家人和住在一起的親戚都不能參賽,故答案是B。2.A【解析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞youthwinners定位到文章的TermsandConditions部分。根據(jù)這一部分中的Inthechildrenaged1218andchildrenunder12categories,thewinnerswilleachreceiveaFireHD8andaselectionofSTAEDTLERproducts可知,答案是A。3.A【解析】查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞due定位到文章的TermsandConditions部分。根據(jù)這一部分中的Pleasesubm

31、ityourstoriesby5pmonFebruary19可知,截止時間是2月19號的下午5點,故答案是A。4.B【解析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞winningentrycomeout”定位到文章的最后一段。根據(jù)最后一段的最后thewinningentrywillbepublishedinourJuneissue(期）可知,獲獎作品將在ReaderDigest的六月期刊上發(fā)表,故答案是B。Passage2語法解讀本文敘述了作者創(chuàng)立博客尋找英文版本的書的故事?！靖哳l詞匯】1.consistvi.tobemadeupof由.組成（構(gòu)成)Howmanyplayersdoesabasebal

32、lteamconsistof?一個棒球隊由多少名隊員組成？2.limitvt.alineorpointthatcannotbepassed；torestrict限度,限量；限制,限定Ishalllimitmyselftothreeaspectsofthesubject.我僅探討這一主題的三個方面。Wemustlimittheamountofmoneywespend.我們必須限定花錢的量。【長難句解讀】Inaddition,severalwriterssentmeunpublishedtranslationsoftheirnovels,givingmearareopportunitytoread

33、worksotherwiseunavailabletothe62%oftheBritishwhoonlyspeakEnglish.分析:這是一個復(fù)合句。主句是severalwriterssentmeunpublishedtranslationsoftheirnovels；giving.speakEnglish為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語；unavailableto.English為形容詞短語作后置定語修飾works;who引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾theBritish。譯文:此外,幾位作家給我寄他們小說的未出版譯文,這給了我一個難得的機會讀這些作品,不然的話,對62%的僅說英語的英國人來說,這些作品是難以獲

34、得的。1.A【解析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。由文章第二段中的IcreatedablogcalledAYearofReadingtheWorldandputoutanappealforsuggestionsfortitlesthatIcouldreadinEnglish可知,在博客中可以發(fā)現(xiàn)英文版本的書的書名列表,故選A。2.C【解析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。由文章第三段中的Withtranslationsmakinguponlyaround5percentofliteraryworkspublishedintheUKandIreland,gettingEnglishversions(版本）ofstorieswas

35、difficult可知,在英國和愛爾蘭譯成英文的文學(xué)作品僅有4.5%左右,上文有說明作者要讀英文的小說,因此作者很難選擇合適的書,故選C。3.B【解析】考查推理判斷。由文章第三段中的givingmearareopportunitytoreadworksotherwiseunavailabletothe62%oftheBritishwhoonlyspeak以推知作者來自英國,故選B。Passage3語法解讀本文為說明文,主要是為了解釋說明假按鈕的一些功能:在美國,電梯上的.關(guān)門鍵是假的,主要是為方便殘疾人進入電梯；其他的假按鈕是為了滿足人們的控制欲。【高頻詞匯】1.associatev.toma

36、keaconnectioninyourmindbetweenonethingorpersonandanother聯(lián)想,聯(lián)系Ialwaysassociateherwithroses.我總是把她與玫塊花聯(lián)想在一起。Weshouldassociateourselveswiththislargefirm.我們應(yīng)該和這家大公司聯(lián)合。pleteadj.havingallitsparts,whole,lackingnothing完整的,完全的Wellcertainlysetupacompletemodernindustrialsystem.我們一定要建立一個完整的現(xiàn)代化工業(yè)體系。Whentheexperim

37、entiscomplete,includeyourfindingsinareport.試驗完成后,請把研究結(jié)論寫入報告。【長難句解讀】Butpsychologistsfounditinterestingthatevenwhenpeopleareawareoftheselittlewhitelies,theystillcontinuetopushfakebuttonsbecauseaslongasthedoorseventuallyclose,itisconsideredtobeworththeeffort.分析:這是一個復(fù)合句。主句為Butpsychologistsfounditinteres

38、ting,it為形式賓語代替that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句；在賓語從句中,when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句；because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句,其中aslongas引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。譯文:但是心理學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)有趣的是即便當(dāng)人們意識到這些小的善意的謊言時,他們?nèi)匀焕^續(xù)按假按鈕,因為只要門最終關(guān)上了,按按鈕就被認(rèn)為是值得做的嘗試。1.A【解析】考查推理判斷。通讀全文,尤其是第三至八段可知,本文解釋說明了假按鈕的功能。2.A【解析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。由第三段中的Itstartedinthe1990swhentheAmericanswithDisabilitiesActwaspassedintheUS,makingsuretha

39、tallliftsstayedopenlongenoughsothatpeoplewithdisabilitiescouldenter可知,在美國安裝假按鈕的目的是方便殘疾人進入電梯。3.B【解析】考查短語理解。由第四段中的Accordingtopsychologists,fakebuttonscanactuallymakeyoufeelbetterbyofferingyouasenseofcontrol及畫線部分后的例子可知,相同的目的是指滿足人們的控制欲,故答案為B。4.B【解析】考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的EventhoughIhaverealdoubtsaboutthetrafficlightbuttons,Ialwayspressthem.Afterall,Ivegotnothingelsetodowhilewaiting.Sowhynotpressthebuttoninthehopethatthisonewillwork可知,人們有時按假按鈕是為了消磨時間。Passage4語法解讀本文為說明文,通過描寫B(tài)rian的工作情況向讀者介紹了aircourier(航空信使）這一行