（陜西）（龍門亮劍）高三英語一輪課件 語法探究（1）外研

1、語法探究 (1)主謂一致句子的主語有單復(fù)數(shù)及人稱的變化，其謂語動(dòng)詞需要根據(jù)主語的人稱和數(shù)的不同而有所變化。即：謂語動(dòng)詞與其主語在人稱和數(shù)上必須保持一致。主語的人稱，特別是主語的數(shù)是決定謂語形式的關(guān)鍵。除第一人稱I和第二人稱you之外，單數(shù)主語之后的謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；復(fù)數(shù)主語之后的謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。在歷屆高考中考點(diǎn)分布：1用and連接兩個(gè)并列成分；2介詞with伴隨主語；3就近原則；4各種代詞的主謂一致； 5短語和從句作主語；6定語從句中的主謂一致。 一、名詞作主語的數(shù)的問題1在下列情況下，名詞作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)：(1)可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)；不可數(shù)名詞；表示量的詞當(dāng)整體概念。(2)表示時(shí)間、距離

2、、金錢、度量、容量、書名等整體概念的名詞作主語時(shí)。Twenty years represents a long period of her life.(3)the number of復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)。The number of the students who took part in the competition was 500，but only a small number of them were chosen.(4)集合名詞當(dāng)整體概念講時(shí)。His family is going to move.(5)動(dòng)名詞(短語)、不定式、從句作主語時(shí)。Collecting newspapers a

3、nd clocks is what I enjoy most.2在下列情況下，名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)：復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語；集合名詞表示個(gè)體時(shí)。At last ten people were killed in the cash.Her family are waiting for him.二、分?jǐn)?shù)/不定量詞作主語時(shí)數(shù)的問題1分?jǐn)?shù)和百分?jǐn)?shù)不能直接跟名詞或代詞，而是后跟“of冠詞/限定詞名詞/代詞”，其后的謂語動(dòng)詞與后面的名詞或代詞在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。Twofifths of the money was spent on books.2“a great many/a large number

4、of 復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；“a great deal of/a large amount of/a large sum of 不可數(shù)名詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；“many a 單數(shù)名詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；“a good (great) many 復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。A large amount of money is spent on the Hope Project and a good many schools have been set up.3“a large quantity of 名詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要與名詞的數(shù)保持一致。

5、“l(fā)arge quantities of 名詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Large quantities of information，as well as some timely help have been offered since the organization was set up.4“a/an 單數(shù)名詞 and a half” 作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)；“one and a half復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞常用復(fù)數(shù)。A year and a half has passed.5“more than one 單數(shù)名詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)；“more名詞復(fù)數(shù)tha

6、n one”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞常用復(fù)數(shù)。More than one person was absent.三、連接詞與主謂一致1由and連接的名詞作主語(1)and連接的兩個(gè)名詞作主語，表示不同的人或事，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；指同一個(gè)人或物時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。What he said and what he did have greatly encouraged the other students.The famous writer and poet was invited to give a talk.(2)由no.and no.，each.and each.，many a.and many a.

7、等構(gòu)成復(fù)合主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Many a desk and many a chair has been taken out of the classroom.2主語部分含有as well as，rather than，like，but，except，besides，with，together with，along with，including，in addition to等連接的名詞時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的形式應(yīng)與前面的主語保持一致。Communication along with information industry plays an important part in modern t

8、imes.3由or，either.or，neither.nor，not only.but also.等連接兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的并列主語時(shí)，我們采用就近一致原則，即謂語動(dòng)詞和與它最近的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。Is your brother or you to blame for the broken TV set?不能靈活運(yùn)用主謂一致的主要原則英語句子的主語和謂語在人稱和數(shù)上必須一致，主謂一致的主要規(guī)則為：語法形式上一致；意義上一致和就近一致三種形式。There_a lot of good news in todays newspaper.Aare BisChave Dhas本試題無論從語法還是意

9、義上分析、主語都屬單數(shù)第三人稱的名詞，答案為B。因?yàn)閚ews(消息)是不可數(shù)名詞，但不少同學(xué)受news結(jié)尾字母的影響，再加上前邊有a lot of(許多)修飾，很容易誤認(rèn)為是一個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)名詞。強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練點(diǎn)擊進(jìn)入鏈接9、靜夜四無鄰，荒居舊業(yè)貧。2022/10/132022/10/13Thursday, October 13, 202210、雨中黃葉樹，燈下白頭人。2022/10/132022/10/132022/10/1310/13/2022 11:09:53 PM11、以我獨(dú)沈久，愧君相見頻。2022/10/132022/10/132022/10/13Oct-2213-Oct-2212、故人江海別，

10、幾度隔山川。2022/10/132022/10/132022/10/13Thursday, October 13, 202213、乍見翻疑夢，相悲各問年。2022/10/132022/10/132022/10/132022/10/1310/13/202214、他鄉(xiāng)生白發(fā)，舊國見青山。13 十月 20222022/10/132022/10/132022/10/1315、比不了得就不比，得不到的就不要。十月 222022/10/132022/10/132022/10/1310/13/202216、行動(dòng)出成果，工作出財(cái)富。2022/10/132022/10/1313 October 202217、做

11、前，能夠環(huán)視四周；做時(shí)，你只能或者最好沿著以腳為起點(diǎn)的射線向前。2022/10/132022/10/132022/10/132022/10/139、沒有失敗，只有暫時(shí)停止成功！。2022/10/132022/10/13Thursday, October 13, 202210、很多事情努力了未必有結(jié)果，但是不努力卻什么改變也沒有。2022/10/132022/10/132022/10/1310/13/2022 11:09:53 PM11、成功就是日復(fù)一日那一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)小小努力的積累。2022/10/132022/10/132022/10/13Oct-2213-Oct-2212、世間成事，不求其絕對圓滿

12、，留一份不足，可得無限完美。2022/10/132022/10/132022/10/13Thursday, October 13, 202213、不知香積寺，數(shù)里入云峰。2022/10/132022/10/132022/10/132022/10/1310/13/202214、意志堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的人能把世界放在手中像泥塊一樣任意揉捏。13 十月 20222022/10/132022/10/132022/10/1315、楚塞三湘接，荊門九派通。十月 222022/10/132022/10/132022/10/1310/13/202216、少年十五二十時(shí)，步行奪得胡馬騎。2022/10/132022/10/1

13、313 October 202217、空山新雨后，天氣晚來秋。2022/10/132022/10/132022/10/132022/10/139、楊柳散和風(fēng)，青山澹吾慮。2022/10/132022/10/13Thursday, October 13, 202210、閱讀一切好書如同和過去最杰出的人談話。2022/10/132022/10/132022/10/1310/13/2022 11:09:53 PM11、越是沒有本領(lǐng)的就越加自命不凡。2022/10/132022/10/132022/10/13Oct-2213-Oct-2212、越是無能的人，越喜歡挑剔別人的錯(cuò)兒。2022/10/132

14、022/10/132022/10/13Thursday, October 13, 202213、知人者智，自知者明。勝人者有力，自勝者強(qiáng)。2022/10/132022/10/132022/10/132022/10/1310/13/202214、意志堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的人能把世界放在手中像泥塊一樣任意揉捏。13 十月 20222022/10/132022/10/132022/10/1315、最具挑戰(zhàn)性的挑戰(zhàn)莫過于提升自我。十月 222022/10/132022/10/132022/10/1310/13/202216、業(yè)余生活要有意義，不要越軌。2022/10/132022/10/1313 October 202217、一個(gè)人即使已登上頂峰，也仍要自強(qiáng)不息。2