(珍藏版)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞教學(xué)課件

1、 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 Non-predicate Verbs高考語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)系列1 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞高考語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)系列1一 什么叫非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞？與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有什么區(qū)別？二 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有哪些？ 有哪些具體的不同形式？三 不同的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示 的動(dòng)作的先后關(guān)系是什么？四 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在句中通常作什么成分？要點(diǎn)知識(shí)檢查及重難點(diǎn)強(qiáng)調(diào)與提醒 2一 什么叫非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞？與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有什么區(qū)別？要點(diǎn)知識(shí)檢查及重一、什么叫非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞？與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有什么區(qū)別？非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就是不能作句子謂語(yǔ)而具有其他語(yǔ)法功能的動(dòng)詞。 3一、什么叫非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞？與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有什么區(qū)別？3 At last, we found ourselves in

2、 a pleasant park with trees providing shade and _ down to eat our picnic lunch. (2005上海） A. sitting B. having sat C. to sit D. satD Prices of daily goods _ through a computer can be lower than store prices. A. are bought B. bought C. have been bought D. buyingB4 At last, we found ourselves 非謂語(yǔ)不定式（to

3、 do)過(guò)去分詞(-ed)- ing 分詞-ed 分詞二 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有哪些？5非謂語(yǔ)不定式（to do)過(guò)去分詞(-ed)- ing 分詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有哪些不同的形式？動(dòng)詞不定式過(guò)去分詞to be doneto have been done being done having been done及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞既表示被動(dòng)又表示動(dòng)作已完成, 個(gè)別動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞只表示完成(多數(shù)為不及物動(dòng)詞)主動(dòng)形式被動(dòng)形式to doto have donedoinghaving done不定式除一般式、完成式以外還有_進(jìn)行式done- ing 分詞6動(dòng)詞不定式過(guò)去分詞to be doneto have bee 三

4、 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作的先后關(guān)系是什么？ 弄清非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作之間的先后關(guān)系是解題的關(guān)鍵所在在謂語(yǔ)表示的動(dòng)作之后與謂語(yǔ)表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)表示的動(dòng)作之前to do/to be done to do/to be done /to be doing ; doing/being done ; done; to have done/to have been done ; having done/having been done7 三 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作的先后關(guān)四 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在句中通常作什么成分？ 8四 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在句中通常作什么

5、成分？ 8 不定式和ing分詞均能作主語(yǔ)，二者有何區(qū)別？ 1.表示某一具體的動(dòng)作時(shí)，多用不定式；表示比較抽象的一般行為傾向的，多用動(dòng)名詞。 2.動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ) 時(shí)通常位于句首；不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)常置于句末，用it作形式主語(yǔ)放在句首。 1) Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here. 2) It is not very good for you to smoke so much. (抽象)(具體) Seeing is believing. To see is to believe. 若主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)都是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞, 應(yīng)保持形式 上的一致。 9 不定式和ing分詞均能作主語(yǔ)，二者有何區(qū)別？

6、(抽象)(具體1). Its necessary to be prepared for a job interview. _the answers ready will be of great help. A. To have B. Having had C. Have D. Having 2). In fact _ is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important match. A. this B. that C. there D. it DD101). Its necessary to be prepa下列句型中常用動(dòng)名詞

7、作主語(yǔ):It is/was no use/goodnot any use/goodof little use/gooduseless+doing sth.11下列句型中常用動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ):It is/was no use1212不定式和動(dòng)名詞都可作賓語(yǔ), 有何區(qū)別？ 2. 有些動(dòng)詞后只跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)3.有些動(dòng)詞后既可以跟不定式又可以跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，意義上無(wú)多大區(qū)別4.有些動(dòng)詞后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，但意義上有明顯差別 1. 有些動(dòng)詞后只跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)13不定式和動(dòng)名詞都可作賓語(yǔ), 有何區(qū)別？ 2. 有些動(dòng)詞后只跟 1. 有些動(dòng)詞后只跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)，如： manage, promi

8、se, pretend, plan, offer, agree, ask, dare, choose, fail, help(幫助)，want(想要) ,refuse等。 2. 有些動(dòng)詞后只跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，如： practise, appreciate, dislike, excuse, forgive, keep, resist, risk, deny, advise, fancy, complete, forbid, permit, allow, stand, refer to, give up, lead to, take to, set about, get down to, obje

9、ct to, succeed in, have difficulty in. 14 1. 有些動(dòng)詞后只跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)，如：2. 有些動(dòng)詞后只1) I cant stand _ with Jane in the same office. She just refuses _ talking while she works. A. working; stopping B. to work; stopping C. working; to stop D. to work; to stop 2) He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he co

10、uldnt risk _ the good opportunity. A. to lose B. losing C. to be lost D. being lostCB151) I cant stand _ with J 3.有些動(dòng)詞如begin, start; love, like, hate, prefer后既可以跟不定式又可以跟ing分詞作賓語(yǔ)，意義上無(wú)多大區(qū)別(但ing分詞一般表示經(jīng)常性的行為；不定式表示具體的行為)。 I like _ very much, but I dont like _ this afternoon. A. swimming, swimming B. to s

11、wim, to swim C. swimming, to swim D. to swim, swimming C16 3.有些動(dòng)詞如begin, start; love, l Little Jim should love _ to the theatre this evening A. to be taken B. to take C. being taken D. taking如果like, love, prefer前有would/ should, 后面則應(yīng)該接動(dòng)詞不定式。 AAwould like 還有哪些用法？17 Little Jim should love _思考：下列情況中動(dòng)詞后接

12、不定式還是接ing 分詞作賓語(yǔ)呢？Only then did I begin _ (see) she was really good to me. The moment he returned home, I was starting/beginning _ (cook) supper.The water began _ (freeze).18思考：下列情況中動(dòng)詞后接不定式還是接ing 分詞作賓語(yǔ)呢？O4.有些動(dòng)詞后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，但意義上有明顯差別。討論：有哪些單詞或短語(yǔ)？ go on (stop/remember/regret)to do/doing cant hel

13、p to do / doing be used to do / doing ( get used to doing) (used to do)194.有些動(dòng)詞后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，但意義上2020Children should be allowed _ their own decisions. A. making B. to make C. make D. having madeBMy advisor encouraged _ a summer course to improve my writing skills. A. for me taking B. me taking

14、 C. for me to take D. me to take D21Children should be allowed _1.能接帶to的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)和主語(yǔ)補(bǔ) 足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有： ask, advise, tell, force, get, allow, want, wish, like, hate, prefer, intend, expect, encourage, persuade, permit, request, order, warn, cause等。221.能接帶to的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)和主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)22使役動(dòng)詞，感官動(dòng)詞接 不帶to 的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)； 和帶to的不定式作

15、主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。 常見(jiàn)的使役動(dòng)詞有make, let, have等； 感官動(dòng)詞有see, hear, watch, observe, notice, feel以及l(fā)ook at, listen to等。 翻譯：你寧愿讓誰(shuí)和你一起去？23使役動(dòng)詞，感官動(dòng)詞接翻譯：你寧愿讓誰(shuí)和你一起去？233. 不定式和分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)表達(dá)的意義不同。 I heard her _( sing) an English song just now. I heard her _ (sing) an English song when I passed by her room yesterday. I heard

16、 the English song _( sing) many times. (4) I heard the English song _( sing) when I passed by her room yesterday. singsingingsungbeing sung243. 不定式和分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)表達(dá)的意義不同。s2525 不定式、ing 分詞和過(guò)去分詞都可以作定語(yǔ)，主要區(qū)別在于它們的時(shí)態(tài)意義和語(yǔ)態(tài)意義。 不定式作定語(yǔ)和被修飾的名詞具有 “動(dòng)賓關(guān) 系”, 即被修飾的名詞是不定式的動(dòng)作的承受 者; 如果不定式是不及物動(dòng)詞，就要在不定式 動(dòng)詞后加上相應(yīng)的介詞26 不定式、

17、ing 分詞和過(guò)去分詞都可以作定語(yǔ)，主要區(qū)別在于分詞作定語(yǔ)與動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別是：現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行之意；過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)與完成；而不定式表示在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作之后即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。例如：The question _ (discuss) at the meeting yesterday is of quite importance.The question _ (discuss) at the meeting now is of quite importance.The question _ (discuss) at the meeting tomorrow is of quite i

18、mportance.discussedbeing discussedto be discussed27分詞作定語(yǔ)與動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別是：discussedbe注：ing分詞作定語(yǔ)有時(shí)意義不同： flying fish 飛魚(yú) a running dog 走狗 a falling tide 落潮 a crying boy 哭著的孩子 a running machine a swimming pool a waiting room a walking stick a fishing pole a reading room28注：ing分詞作定語(yǔ)有時(shí)意義不同：282929 能作狀語(yǔ)的有不定式、現(xiàn)在

19、分詞和過(guò)去分詞。作什么樣的狀語(yǔ)往往取決于它們的位置和在句中的意義。30 能作狀語(yǔ)的有不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞。作什么樣的狀語(yǔ)往Practise1). When _(heat) water will be changed into vapour. While _ (heat) water, we can change it into vapour. 2) _(see) from the hill, the city looks beautiful. _ (see) from the hill, you will find the city beautiful. 3) Generally spe

20、aking, when _(take) according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. If _(take) the drug according to the directions, you will be better soon. heatedheatingSeenSeeing takentaking31PractiseheatedheatingSeenSeein分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)的邏輯主語(yǔ)問(wèn)題 分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)必須同句子的主語(yǔ)一致；如果不一致，需在分詞前加一個(gè)邏輯主語(yǔ)，分詞和它的邏輯主語(yǔ)合稱獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)或用狀語(yǔ)從句。

21、1) Being an orphan, the nurse treated him kindly. 2) He being an orphan, the nurse treated him kindly. 3) As he was an orphan, the nurse treated him kindly. FTT(True or false)32分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)的邏輯主語(yǔ)問(wèn)題FTT(True or false現(xiàn)在分詞與不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí)的區(qū)別 1). European football is played in 80 countries , _ it the most popular spo

22、rt in the world . (NMET 1998) A. making B. makes C. make D. to make 2). He hurried to the station only _ that the train had left . (2005廣東) A. to find B. finding C. found D. to have found 現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)往往表示“正常出現(xiàn)的、自然而然的或意料之中”的結(jié)果。不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí)通常表示“偶然的、出乎意料的”一種結(jié)果 AA33現(xiàn)在分詞與不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí)的區(qū)別AA333434 動(dòng)名詞做表語(yǔ)是對(duì)主語(yǔ)內(nèi)容的解釋解或用

23、來(lái)表示“身份、職業(yè)”等。這時(shí)主語(yǔ)與表語(yǔ)位置可以互換 The main job of the ant queen is laying eggs. Our work is serving the people 35 動(dòng)名詞做表語(yǔ)是對(duì)主語(yǔ)內(nèi)容的解釋解或用來(lái)表示“身份、職業(yè)” 表示心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞如excite, interest等都是及物動(dòng)詞，漢語(yǔ)注解不是“激動(dòng)”、“高興”，而是“使得激動(dòng)”、“使高興”，因而現(xiàn)在分詞應(yīng)該是“令人激動(dòng)的”、“令人高興的”，過(guò)去分詞則是“感到激動(dòng)的”和“感到高興的”。所以，凡表示“令人的”都是-ing形式，凡是表示“感到 ”都用-ed形式。換句話說(shuō)，若人對(duì)感興趣，就是so

24、mebody is interested in.，若人/物本身有趣時(shí)，就是sb./sth. is interesting?，F(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)的區(qū)別36 表示心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞如excite, interestdelighting令人高興的delighted感到高興的disappointing 令人失望的disappointed 感到 失望的encouraging 令人鼓舞的encouraged 感到鼓 舞的pleasing 令人愉快的pleased 感到愉快的puzzling 令人費(fèi)解的puzzled 感到費(fèi)解的satisfying 令人滿意的satisfied 感到滿意的surprisin

25、g 令人驚異的surprised 感到驚異的worrying 令人擔(dān)心的worried 感到擔(dān)心的37delighting令人高興的delighted感到 動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) 動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)由物主代詞或人稱代詞賓格、名詞所有格或普通格加動(dòng)名詞構(gòu)成。 1) LiPings/ My helping her moved her deeply. 2) I appreciate your/you/LiPings/ LiPing coming to see me. 3) Is there any hope of our team winning the match? 4) What made me ang

26、ry was many students failing in the exam. (動(dòng)名詞結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語(yǔ), 其邏輯主語(yǔ)用賓格或所有格均可)(動(dòng)名詞結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ), 其邏輯主語(yǔ)用所有格)(邏輯主語(yǔ)是無(wú)生命名詞時(shí), 只用普通格)(以-s 結(jié)尾的名詞, 只用普通格)38 動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)(動(dòng)名詞結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語(yǔ), 其邏輯1) I would appreciate _ back this afternoon . A. you to call B. you call C. your calling D. youre calling 2) _ made her mother very angry. A. Mary m

27、arrying Jim B. Marys married Jim C. Marys marrying Jim D. Marys being married JimC C 391) I would appreciate _ ba3). The discovery of new evidence led to _. A. the thief having caught B. catch the thief C. the thief being caught D. the thief to be caught4).The noise of _ could be heard out in the st

28、reet. A. desks opening and closing B. desks opened and closed C. desks being opened and closed D. desks being opened and closedC C 403). The discovery of new evide獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)練習(xí)：造一個(gè)含有獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的句子41獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)練習(xí)：41All flights_ because of the snowstorm, we decided to take the train. A. were canceled B. had been can

29、celed C. having canceled D. having been canceled2. _ for a long time, most of the crops in this area died from lacking water. A. Being no rain B. There was no rain C. To be no rain D. There being no rain3. Everything _ into consideration, they believed themselves more and returned to their positions

30、. A. to take B. taken C. to be taken D. takingDDB42All flights_ because of thII. 鞏固 練習(xí)（07高考真題檢測(cè)）1.Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.Sorry. With so much work _ my mind, I almost break down.（07福建卷）A. filledB. fillingC. to fillD. being filled2. John received an invitation to dinner,

31、and with his work _ he gladly accepted it.（07安徽卷）finishedB. finishingC. having finishedD. was finished3. Robert is indeed a wise man.Oh, yes. How often I have regretted _ his advice!（07安徽卷）A. to take B. taking C. not to takeD. not taking43II. 鞏固 練習(xí)（07高考真題檢測(cè)）1.Come on,4. The children talked so loudly

32、 at dinner table that I had to struggle _.（07浙江卷）A. to be heardB. to have heardC. hearingD. being heard5. _ by a greater demand for vegetables, farmers have built more green houses.（07浙江卷）A. DrivenB. Being drivenC. To driveD. Having driven6. As the light turned green, I stood for a moment, not _, an

33、d asked myself what I was going to do.（07湖南卷）moved B. movingC. to moveD. being moved444. The children talked so loud7. “Things _ never come again!” I couldnt help talking to myself.（07湖南卷）lostB. losingC. to loseD. have lost8. Please remain _ until the plane has come to a complete stop.（07山東卷）to seat

34、B. to be seatedC. seatingD. seated457. “Things _ never come a9. At the beginning of class, the noise of desks _ could be heard outside the classroom.（07全國(guó)卷II）A. opened and closedB. to be opened and closedC. being opened and closedD. to open and close10. Peter received a letter just now _ his grandma

35、 would come to see him soon.（07四川卷）A. said B. says C. saying D. to say11. He is a student at Oxford University, _ for a degree in computer science.（07北京）studied B. studyingC. to have studiedD. to be studying469. At the beginning of class, 12. The children went home from the grammar school, their les

36、sons _ for the day.（07重慶卷） finishing B. finishedC. had finished D. were finished13. I smell something _ in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute?（07全國(guó)I）burning B. burnt C. being burnt D. to be burnt14. When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there _ for a space flight.（07江西卷）trainin

37、g B. being trained C. to have trained D. to be trained4712. The children went home fro15.Can I smoke here ? Sorry. We dont allow _ here.（07江蘇卷） A. people smoking B. people smoke C. to smoke D. smoking16. He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them _ in his lectures.（07江蘇卷）

38、A. interested B. interesting C. interest D. to interest17. As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area _.（07陜西卷）A. need repairingB. needs to repairC. needs repairingD. need to repair4815.Can I smoke here ?4819. The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at

39、the entrance, _ in the natural light during the day.（07天津卷）A. to letB. lettingC. letD. having let20. After a knock at the door, the child heard his mothers voice _ him.（07上海卷）A. callingB. calledC. being calledD. to call4919. The glass doors have taken21. The Town Hall _ in the 1800s was the most dis

40、tinguished building at that time.（07上海卷）A. to be completedB. having been completedC. completedD. being completed5050（08高考真題檢測(cè)）1(08全國(guó)卷I 26) I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good _.A. to be breathed B. to breathe C. breathing D. being breathed2(08全國(guó)卷II 12)The director had

41、her assistant _ some hot dogs for the meeting. A. picked up B. picks up C. pick up D. picking up 3(08北京卷 24) _ that she was going off to sleep, I asked if shed like that little doll on her bed. A. Seeing B. To see C. See D. Seen51（08高考真題檢測(cè)）514(08北京卷 31)Did the book give the information you needed? Y

42、es. But _ it, I had to read the entire book.A. to find B. find C. to finding D. finding5(08北京卷 32) I feel greatly honored _ into their society.A. to welcome B. welcoming C. to be welcomed D. welcomed6(08北京卷 35) It is worth considering what makes “convenience” foods so popular, and _ _ better ones of

43、 your own.A. introduces B. to introduce C. introducing D. introduced 524(08北京卷 31)Did the book give7(08上海春卷 32) As a new driver, I have to practise _ the car in my small garage again and againA. parking B. to park C. parked D. park8(08上海春卷 34) Due to the heavy rain and flooding , ten million people

44、have been forced _their homes A. leaving B. to leave C. to be left D. being left 9(08上海春卷 38) Throughout history, the language _ by a powerful group spreads across a civilization A. speaking B. spoken C. to speak D. to be spoken537(08上海春卷 32) As a new driver,10(08上海春卷39) If we have illegal immigrant

45、s _ in, many local workers will lose their jobs A. came B. coming C. to come D. having come 11(08上海卷30) My sister , an inexperienced rider, was found sitting on the bicycle _ to balance it .A. having tried B. trying C. to try D. tried12(08上海卷33) If theres a lot of work _, I am happy to just keep on

46、until it is finished. A. to do B. to be doing C. done D. doing5410(08上海春卷39) If we have illeg13(08上海卷35) Something as simple as _ some cold water may clear your mind or relieve pressure.A. to drink B. drinking C. to be drinking D. drunk14(08上海卷37) Ideally _ for Broadway theatres and Fifth Avenue , t

47、he New York Park is a favourite with many guests.A. locating B. being located C. having been located D. located 15(08天津卷 04)_ their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory. A. To throw B. Thrown C. Throwing D. Being thrown5513(08上海卷35) Something as simp16(08重慶卷

48、 29) to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead A. Fail B. Failed C. To fail D. Having failed17(08遼寧卷 27)He was busy writing a story, only _ once in a while to smoke a cigarette.A. to stop B. stoppingC. to have stopped D. having stopped18(08遼寧卷 31)Please remain _; the winner of the prize w

49、ill be announced soon.A. seatingB. seated C. to seatD. to be seated19(08山東卷 35)Lucys new job paid twice as much as she had made _ in the restaurant.A. working B. work C. to workD. worked5616(08重慶卷 29) to reach t20(08江蘇卷 29)They are quiet, arent they?Yes. They are accustomed _ at meals.A. to talkB. t

50、o not talkC. to talkingD. to not talking21(08江蘇卷 34)To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English _ as much as we can. A. speak.B. speakingC. spoken D. to speak22(08江西卷24)I hear theyve promoted Tom, but he didnt mention _ when we talked on the phone.A. to promote B. having been

51、 promoted C. having promoted D. to be promoted5720(08江蘇卷 29)They are quiet, 23(08江西卷28)We finished the run in less than half the time _.A. allowing B. to allow C. allowed D. allows24(08安徽卷30) _ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring. A. To walk. B. Walking C. Walked D. Having walked25(08浙江卷10)_that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest.A. Not realized B. Not to realize C. Not realizing D. Not to have realized26(08浙江卷13)It is one of the funniest things _ on the Internet so far this year.A.