LRPMA固定通道布置講義

1、 2004 Lloyds RegisterMeans of Access / MSC 78 in association with IACS Draft Unified Interpretations SC 191通行裝置Y SakamotoYokohama Plan Approval ServicesLloyds Register AsiaAugust 2004 ObjectivesTo provide with knowledge of:- SOLAS Amended Regulation II-1 / 3-6 (Resolution MSC 151(78) and Amended Tec

2、hnical Provisions (TP) (Resolution MSC 158(78) IACS Draft Unified Interpretations SC 191 Means of Access (MA)SOLAS Regulation II-1/3-6 and Technical Provisions for means of access for inspection” (TP)MSC. 133 (76) and 134 (76) - 1 Jan 2005MSC 78 (May 2004) adopted the amendments:-MSC. 151(78) and 15

3、8 (78) - 1 Jan 2006Amendments may apply in advance subject to Flag Administration acceptance.Keel LaySOLAS Regulation II-1/3-6 “MA”SOLAS Regulation II-1/3-6 and Technical Provisions for means of access for inspection” (TP)MSC. 133(76) and 134 (76) - 1 Jan 2005MSC 78 (May 2004) adopted the amendments

4、:-MSC. 151(78) and 158 (78) - 1 Jan 2006Amendments may apply in advance subject to Flag Administration acceptance.Keel LayToday it is not known which countries will accept the early application of these resolutions. A letter goes to all Flags from IACS, stating that IACS Members will apply the amend

5、ed regulation and revised TP unless a reply to the letter indicates otherwise.Revised SOLAS Regulation II-1 / 3-6 (Resolution MSC 151(78)Each space, shall be provided with a permanent means of access to enable overall and close-up survey inspections and thickness measurements. (Para. 2.1) Forward ba

6、llast tanks included. Void spaces in the fore peak are excluded. Changes with MSC 78For which ships are these new requirements are applicable ?The Regulation applies to:- Oil Tankers of 500 gross tonnage and over and Bulk Carriers, as defined in Regulation IX/1, of 20,000 gross tonnage and over What

7、 is Oil Tanker ?Oil Tankers, having integral tanks for carriage of oil, which is contained in the definition of oil in Annex 1 of MARPOL 73/78. Regulation II-1/3-6 is not normally applied to FPSO or FSO unless the Administration decides otherwise.What is Bulk Carrier ?MSC.79(70): ships constructed (

8、generally) with single deck, top-side tanks and hopper side tanks in cargo spaces and intended primarily to carry dry cargo in bulk; or Ore carriers; or Combination carriers.A dry cargo ship with a containership configuration is Bulk Carrier ? Uncertain. July 2004. What is Means of Access (MA) in MS

9、C 78 ?Ships should be designed and built, consideringHow structures are surveyed during their service lifeHow the crew will be able to monitor the condition of the ship.SOLAS Regulation II-1/3-6 “Access to and within spaces in the cargo area of oil tankers and bulk carriers”RESOLUTION MSC.151(78) (a

10、dopted on 20 May 2004) ADOPTION OF AMENDMENTS TO THE INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE SAFETY OF LIFE AT SEA, 1974, AS AMENDEDSOLAS Regulation II-1 / 3-6OverviewAccess for Inspection - Means of access for each space within cargo area for overall and close-up inspections and thickness measurements of

11、the ships structure Access to Space - Safe access to cargo holds, cargo tanks, ballast tanks and other spacesShip structure access manualTechnical Provisions provide detailsSOLAS Regulation II-1 / 3-6An Overall Survey is a survey intended to report on the overall condition of the hull structure and

12、to determine the extent of additional Close-up Surveys.A Close-up Survey is a survey where the details of structural components are within the close visual inspection range of the Surveyor, i.e. normally within reach of hand.Thickness measurement is to be carried out where considered necessary by th

13、e Surveyor.Technical Provisions (TP)RESOLUTION MSC.158(78) (adopted on 20 May 2004) ADOPTION OF AMENDMENTS TO THE TECHNICAL PROVISIONS FOR MEANS OF ACCESS FOR INSPECTIONS ConceptAccess for Inspection1.Permanent Means of Access (PMA) will be used for the regular inspection of representative area.2.A

14、free-standing portable ladder (5 m max) may be used for the less frequent inspection.3.Remaining structures may be inspected where necessary basis using a raft in a cargo tank and hydraulic arm in a cargo hold.Free standing portable ladder Max. 5 m (TP 3.8)PlatformMax. 5 mPortable ladders more than

15、5 m with a mechanical device to secure the upper end of the ladder (TP 3.9) 5 mIACS: Hooks are considered as an alternative to remotely controlled mechanical device if movement fore/aft and sideway can be prevented at the upper end.Innovative design is to be accepted if fits for the functional requi

16、rement with due consideration for safe use.Double Hull Oil TankersTable 1 of Technical ProvisionCargo Oil Tanks and Ballast Tanks other than Double HullDouble Hull Oil Tankers (Table 1) Transverse Bhd in Cargo Oil TankContinuous athwartship PMA arranged at the transverse bulkhead on stiffened surfac

17、e (1.1.1)Min 1.6m to max 3.0m belowoverhead structure(measured from main deck plating to top of platform)Double Hull Oil Tankers Table 1Cargo Oil TankAt least one longitudinal permanent means of access at each side of tank (1.1.2)One: mini 1.6m to max 3.0 below deck structureThe other: mini 1.6m to

18、max 6.0m below deck structureDouble Hull Oil Tankers Table 1Cargo Oil Tank Access between the arrangements specified in .1 (athwartship PMA ) and .2 (longitudinal PMA) and from the main deck to either .1 or .2 (1.1.3)Double Hull Oil Tankers Table 1Cargo Oil Tank (Stiffened Surface of L. BHD)Continuo

19、us longitudinal PMA for access to the transverse webs.unless permanent fittings are installed at the uppermost platform for use of alternative means as defined in paragraph 3.9 of the Technical Provisions for inspection at intermediate heights (1.1.4)Paragraph 3.9 of the Technical Provisions.1 hydra

20、ulic arm fitted with a stable base;.2 wire lift platform;.3 staging;.4 rafting;.5 robot arm or remotely operated vehicle (ROV);.6 portable ladders more than 5 m long shall only be utilized if fitted with a mechanical device to secure the upper end of the ladder;.7 other means of access, approved by

21、and acceptable to the Administration.Double Hull Oil Tankers Table 1Cargo Oil Tank (Stiffened Surface of L. BHD)Continuous longitudinal PMA for access to the transverse webs.unless permanent fittings are installed at the uppermost platform for use of alternative means as defined in paragraph 3.9 of

22、the Technical Provisions for inspection at intermediate heights (1.1.4)IACS: Permanent fittings are to serve alternative means of access such as wire lift platform.Double Hull Oil Tankers Table 1, 1.1.4Cargo Oil Tank (Stiffened Surface of L. BHD) 17 m.4 continuous longitudinal PMA on the stiffened s

23、urface of a longitudinal bulkhead are to be provided for access to the transverse webs unless permanent fittings are installed at the uppermost platform for use of alternative means as defined in paragraph 3.9 of the Technical Provisions for inspection at intermediate heights;Not Required.Cargo oil

24、tank height =6.0Double Hull Oil TankersTable 1 of Technical ProvisionWing Ballast Tanks =6 mDouble Hull Oil Tankers Table 1Double Hull Ballast Space 2.1.2Continuous longitudinal PMA, which are integrated in the structure, shall be provided with at a vertical distance not exceeding 6 m apart.Aligned

25、with horizontal girders (IACS: max 6.06.6 m)= 6mOne longitudinal PMA, accessible by vertical PMA at each tank end (IACS: from bottom of space) (2.2)mini 1.6m, max 3.0m below hopper top, (2.2.1)=6.0Double Hull Oil Tankers Table 1, 2.2.2Bilge Hopper SectionWhere height = 6 mAlternatively, mini 1.2m be

26、low web ring top with a portable ladder (2.2.2)Double Hull Oil Tankers Table 1, 2.3Bilge Hopper SectionLess than 6 m, PMA is not required.Alternative means (3.9) or portable means of access may be utilised.To facilitate the operation of the alternative means of access, in-line openings in horizontal

27、 stringers shall be provided. The openings shall be of an adequate diameter and shall have suitable protective railings 6.0Double Hull Oil Tankers Table 1, 2.3Bilge Hopper SectionLess than 6 m, PMA is not required.Alternative means (3.9) or portable means of access may be utilised.To facilitate the

28、operation of the alternative means of access, in-line openings in horizontal stringers shall be provided. The openings shall be of an adequate diameter and shall have suitable protective railings = 6.0 m, suitable means of access shall be provided.If b = 6.0 m, alternative means of access (TP 3.9) s

29、hall be provided.bBulk CarriersTable 2 of Technical Provision Cargo HoldsAccess to underdeck structurePMA for Bulk CarrierBulk Carrier Table 2Access to Under Deck StructureVertical distance from hold bottom 17mAt least 3 PMA to overhead structure at cross deck. (1.1)Each to be accessible from cargo

30、hold access or main deck, min 1.6m, max 3.0m below deck. (1.1)Bulk Carrier Table 2Access to Under Deck StructureVertical distance from hold bottom 17mAt least 3 PMA to overhead structure at cross deck. (1.1)Each to be accessible from cargo hold access or main deck, min 1.6m, max 3.0m below deck. (1.

31、1)IACS: Common access to three PMA is acceptable with interconnected MA.Bulk Carrier Table 2Access to Under Deck StructureAthwartships PMA on transverse bulkhead considered equivalent to 1.1 (1.2)min. 1.6m, max. 3.0m (1.2)Access to PMA may be via upper stool (1.3)Bulk Carrier Table 2Access to Under

32、Deck StructureTransverse bulkheads with full upper stools do not require PMA (1.4)Require PMA.Bulk Carrier Table 2Access to Under Deck StructureVertical distance from hold bottom 6m acceptable (1.10)Bulk Carrier Table 2Hold Frame (1.8)Permanent MA (1.6) may be omitted, if portable or movable means o

33、f access are carried onboard the ship (1.8)1.8 Portable or movable means of access may be utilized for access to hold frames up to their upper bracket in place of the permanent means required in 1.6. These means of access shall be carried on board the ship and readily available for use.PMA may be om

34、itted.Bulk Carrier Table 2, 1.7Corrugated Bulkhead Corrugated bulkheads No PMA is required. Portable, movable or alternative means of access may be used. Bulk CarriersTable 2 of Technical ProvisionBallast TanksTop Side TanksBulk Carrier Table 2, 2.1Topside TanksOne longitudinal PMA along the side sh

35、ell websMin 1.6m to max 3.0 below deck structureA vertical access ladder in the vicinity of each access to the tank 6 mBulk Carrier Table 2, 2.2Topside TanksIf no access holes are provided through the transverse webs within 600 mm of the tank base and the web frame rings have a web height greater th

36、an 1 m in way of side shell and sloping plating, then step rungs/grab rails shall be provided to allow safe access over each transverse web frame ring. 1 mBulk Carrier Table 2Topside TankThree transverse PMA fitted at end and middle bays in each tank (2.3).Existing longitudinal structure may be used

37、 as part of the means of access (2.3).Bulk Carrier Table 2Topside TankTopside tank height 6mOne longitudinal PMA - mini 1.2m below web ring (2.5).Vertical access ladder in the vicinity of each access to tank (2.5). Access between PMA and bottom at each end of the tank.(2.5.1)Bulk Carrier Table 2, 2.

38、5Bilge Hopper Tank height 6mAlternatively, longitudinal continuous PMA can be located through the upper web plating at a minimum of 1.6 m below the deck head. (2.5.2)An enlarged longitudinal frame can be used.Min 1.6Bulk Carrier Table 2, 2.5Bilge Hopper Tank & Double Side SkinAlternatively, longitud

39、inal continuous PMA may be installed within 6 m from the knuckle point in combination with alternative access methods to the knuckle point (2.5.3). 1 mBulk Carrier Table 2, 2.7Bilge Hopper Tank 6 mAlternative means (Para 3.9 of TP), orPortable means of access may be utilised in lieu of PMA.Such mean

40、s of access shall be demonstrated that they can bedeployed and made readily available in the areas where needed. = 35m, at least two access hatches.First hatchway: Inclined ladder or combination of laddersSecond hatchway: Vertical ladders OR Inclined ladder or combination of laddersTank 35m, at leas

41、t one access hatch.Inclined ladder or combination of laddersIACS TP 3.5 1) 2. : TP 3.5 Oil Tanker: Access Ladders to ballast tanks, cargo tanks and spaces other than FPT.Inclined ladder or combination of ladders2.5m may be down to 1.6 - 3 m if it lands on PMAMax 6 mClear distance 2.5 mLanding Platfo

42、rmMax 6 mMax 2.5 mIACS TP 3.5 1) 1. : TP 3.5 Oil Tanker: Access Ladders to ballast tanks, cargo tanks and spaces other than FPT.Vertical LaddersStringerStringerMax. 9 mMax. 6 mMax. 6 m 2.5 mMax. 6 mMax. 6 mLinking Platform2.5m may be down to 1.6 - 3 m, if it lands on PMAIf exceeds 9 m, an inclined l

43、adder required.IACS TP 3.5 3) & 4): TP 3.5 Oil Tanker: Access Ladders to ballast tanks, cargo tanks and spaces other than FPTAccess to Double Hull / Width 2.5 mVertical Ladder may be used if vertical distance less than 6 mClear distance 2.5 mLinking PlatformVertical Distance 6 m between the deck and

44、 the stringer orbetween the stringers orBetween the deck or stringer and the bottom of the space immediately below the entrance.Bulk CarriersTP 3.13.6 Access to Double Skin Spaces 2.5 m widthMax 6 mClear distance 2.5 mDouble Skin width 600 mmTread / platform landingshigher than 600 mm above the walk

45、ing level, access shall be facilitated by means of treads and hand grips with platform landings on both sides. Lateral support (tread)SOLAS Regulation II-1 / 3-65. General Technical SpecificationsHorizontal Openings (5.1) IACS UI (MSC Circ 686)Minimum clear opening of not less than 600 x 60060060010

46、0 R800100 RTo reduce stress concentration:-800 x 600 with 300 RSOLAS Regulation II-1 / 3-65. General Technical SpecificationsHorizontal Openings (5.1)5.1 For access through horizontal openings, hatches or manholes, the dimensions shall be sufficient to allow a person wearing a self-contained air-bre

47、athing apparatus and protective equipment to ascend or descend any ladder without obstruction and also provide a clear opening to facilitate the hoisting of an injured person from the bottom of the space. SOLAS Regulation II-1 / 3-65. General Technical SpecificationsHorizontal Openings (5.1) Hoistin

48、g of Injured Person3.1 Safe access* to cargo holds, cofferdams, ballast tanks, cargo tanks and other spaces in the cargo area shall be direct from the open deck and such as to ensure their complete inspection. Safe access* to double bottom spaces or to forward ballast tanks may be from a pump-room,

49、deep cofferdam, pipe tunnel, cargo hold, double hull space or similar compartment not intended for the carriage of oil or hazardous cargoes. Access Arrangement / Double Hull Oil TankersMax. 6 mMax. 6 mWide LonglWide LonglStringerStringer 6 m 6 mMax. 6 mMax. 6 m850 x 600800 x 600800 x 600Recommended

50、Opening for Hoisting of Injured PersonLR Oil Tanker: Two access from deck if tanks of confined or cellular construction.600 x 600600 x 600850 x 600SOLAS Regulation II-1 / 3-65. General Technical SpecificationsVertical Openings (5.2) IACS UI (MSC Circ 686)Minimum clear opening of not less than 800 x

51、600600800300 RSOLAS Regulation II-1/3-6 “Access to and within spaces in the cargo area of oil tankers and bulk carriers”RESOLUTION MSC.151(78) (adopted on 20 May 2004) ADOPTION OF AMENDMENTS TO THE INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE SAFETY OF LIFE AT SEA, 1974, AS AMENDEDSOLAS Regulation Chapter II-1

52、/ 3-6 Ship Structure Access manual4.1Ship structure access manualA ships means of access (MA) to carry out overall, close-up and thickness measurement inspections shall be described.Approved by Administration Approved up-to-date copy to be held on boardSOLAS Regulation Chapter II-1 / 3-6 Ship Structure Access manual4.1Plans of MA to space.Plans of MA within space for inspection. Plan shall indicate from where each area in the space can be inspected a