已翻譯-嬰兒床智能監(jiān)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè)專心-專注-專業(yè)精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè)嬰兒床智能監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)Crib intelligent monitoring system現(xiàn)狀分析Status Analysis 隨著社會經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展，人們的生活也都逐漸提高，許多擁有嬰幼兒的家庭都希望孩子有個良好的成長環(huán)境，但是年青的父母需要同時兼顧寶寶和家庭生活感到非常疲憊,他們需要一個不僅舒適而且具有人工智能的嬰兒床。智能嬰兒監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)可以提供給寶寶舒適搖晃,又可以通過音樂開發(fā)智力,最重要的是可以實現(xiàn)嬰兒的尿床檢測，蹬被提醒，室內(nèi)溫度自動控制。使得媽媽們也可騰出手來處理家

2、務(wù)或者休息。大大的減輕了嬰幼兒父母的勞動負擔(dān)，促進了嬰兒的深度睡眠，提高了大人和小孩的睡眠質(zhì)量，為嬰兒的健康成長提供保證。With the development of socio-economic, peoples lives are also improved gradually, many families with infants hope to have a good growth environment for their kids, but young parents would feel very tired of caring family life and the baby

3、 at the same time, hence, they need a comfortable bed which is equipped with artificial intelligent crib.Intelligent crib monitoring system not only can provide comfort shakes to the baby, but also can help develop intelligence through music, while the most important thing is that it realizes the ba

4、bys bed-wetting test, warning of kicking the blankets、 automatically controlling the indoor temperature. Then Moms can have a free hand to deal with household chores or rest. This greatly reduces the labor burden on parents of infants, promotes babes into deep sleep, improves the sleeping quality of

5、 both children and adults, and provides a guarantee for the healthy growth of the baby.2.項目意義Project significance 很多父母認為，寶寶還小，總要和家人睡在一起，這樣才方便照顧，隨時知道他的需求，其實，與家人同床會影響寶寶的生長發(fā)育，而智能嬰兒搖籃可以幫助父母隨時知曉寶寶在獨睡過程中是否有狀況發(fā)生。Many parents believe that the baby is still infantile, and the family always slept together, so

6、 as to take care of the baby, awaring of his needs at any time. In fact, sleeping in one bed with the family will affect the babys growth and development, and smart cradle can help parents know of the baby at any time during sleeping , whether unexpected conditions occur.首先，容易缺氧，大人呼出的氣體中二氧化碳含量較高，而寶寶

7、的大腦發(fā)育正需要更多的氧氣，和寶寶同床睡眠時，很容易造成寶寶大腦供氧不足，進而影響身體的正常發(fā)育。其次，有窒息危險，同床睡眠過程中，大人會因為身體翻動而壓到寶寶，很容易導(dǎo)致窒息的危險。另外，睡眠不良，兩人甚至三人同床，很容易互相影響，比如打鼾、睡覺“不老實”，特別是對神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)尚在發(fā)育的寶寶來說，會導(dǎo)致睡眠不穩(wěn)、半夜驚醒的狀況，不利于身心的健康發(fā)育。還有可能造成疾病傳染，日常生活中，大人接觸的事物環(huán)境較為復(fù)雜，即使注意清潔，身上也難免會攜帶很多細菌，寶寶的抵抗能力還很弱，很容易被細菌感染。First of all, it is easy to get hypoxia. The levels of

8、 carbon dioxide in exhaled air of adults are higher, while the babys brain development is in need of more oxygen. And when sleeping with the baby in one bed, it is likely to cause less oxygen offered to his brain, thereby affecting the normal development of the body. Secondly, there is danger of suf

9、focation. In one bed during sleep, while adults flip they may incautiously pin the tender body of the baby, it is easy to cause a choking hazard. In addition, poor sleep, two or even three in one bed, easily influence each other, such as snoring, dishonest sleeping, especially on the nervous system

10、of the baby which is still in development, will lead to sleep disturbances, night waking condition. These are not conducive to the health development of body and mind of the baby. This may cause the spread of disease. Things that adults in contact with the environment is more complex in daily life.

11、Even when they pay attention to cleanliness, they will inevitably carry a lot of bacteria, however the babys resistance system is very weak, he could easily be infected with bacteria.尤其要在保證嬰兒充足的睡眠同時也保證監(jiān)護人有充足的睡眠，有些嬰兒對自然環(huán)境不適應(yīng)，晝夜顛倒，父母白天上班他睡覺，父母晚上休息他鬧騰，讓監(jiān)護人很難有良好的休息。有些嬰兒休息時間安排不當(dāng)，有的晚上提前入睡，半夜睡醒，沒人哄就哭鬧，也影響了

12、監(jiān)護人的正常休息。In particular, it is necessary to ensure adequate sleep for guardians and to ensure adequate sleep for infants meanwhile. Some babies dont adapt to the natural environment well, as their days and nights are reversed. He sleeps during the day when his parents are at work outside, and gets na

13、ughty when parents rest at nights, hence, it is difficult for guardians to have a good rest. Some babies rest are poorly timed, some sleep early at night, waking up at night, no one coax crying, this also affect the guardians normal rest.多功能嬰兒搖籃是一種能自動晃動、聲控、MP3播放、尿床報警功能為一體的嬰兒搖籃，在監(jiān)護人忙于其他事情時，能有效替代監(jiān)護人護理

14、嬰兒。Multifunctional baby cradle has multi-functions of automatic shaking, voice control, MP3 player and bedwetting alarm.When the guardian is busy with other things, the multifunctional baby cradle can be an effective alternative to nursing infants.項目研究內(nèi)容及實施方案Project research and embodiments嬰兒床智能監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)

15、主要由手持終端、智能監(jiān)控節(jié)點及無線模塊三部分構(gòu)成。系統(tǒng)的實現(xiàn)以單片機作為智能監(jiān)控的核心部件，配以各種傳感器實現(xiàn)對各類信號的采集處理得到數(shù)據(jù)，并通過無線通信方式實現(xiàn)手持終端與智能監(jiān)控本地節(jié)點間的通信。Intelligent crib monitoring system is mainly composed of three parts: hand-held terminals, intelligent monitoring nodes and wireless module. To achieve this system, a single-chip plays as the core comp

16、onent of the intelligent monitoring, together with a variety of sensors to achieve the various types of signal acquisition and processing to get the data, and monitor implementation of the communication between the local node and smart handheld terminals via wireless communication.一、手持終端1.硬件包括單片機、LC

17、D、人機交互模塊構(gòu)成。2.實時接收智能監(jiān)控節(jié)點上傳的監(jiān)控實時數(shù)據(jù)；3.監(jiān)護人可以通過顯示器瀏覽最新的監(jiān)測結(jié)果，4.當(dāng)接收到智能監(jiān)控節(jié)點反饋的異常狀態(tài)時，以振動及聲音提示監(jiān)護人；5. 可以向智能嬰兒床發(fā)送指令室內(nèi)溫度，搖籃擺動，播放語音。6.每個手持終端可以連接多個智能監(jiān)控節(jié)點；Hand-held terminal1.Hardware includes microcontroller, LCD, human-computer interaction modules.2.Receive real-time data uploaded from real-time intelligent monit

18、oring nodes.3.Guardian can browse the latest monitoring results through display.4.When receiving an abnormal state of intelligent from monitoring nodes feedback, the guardian is informed of vibration and voice.5.You can send commands to the smart crib such as room temperature, cradle swing and playi

19、ng voice.6.Each handheld terminal can be connected to multiple intelligent monitoring nodes;無線通信模塊 The wireless communication module研制無線通信模塊，實現(xiàn)手持終端與智能監(jiān)控節(jié)點間的實時通信，擬采用475MHz的國際ISM頻段，此頻段具有波長較長，信號穿透能力強的特點，可以保證3000米遠的通信距離。Wireless communication module is developed to realize real-time communications betwe

20、en handsets and intelligent monitoring nodes. The international 475MHz ISM band is proposed as this band has a longer wavelength, signal penetration and strong features, you can ensure the communication distance 3000 meters.智能監(jiān)控節(jié)點 Intelligent monitoring node1.體重檢測模塊：由智能監(jiān)控節(jié)點通過壓力傳感器測量嬰兒重量，通過處理可以經(jīng)過無線模塊

21、發(fā)送到手持終端； 2.溫度監(jiān)控模塊：采用溫度傳感器實時監(jiān)測嬰兒床所處環(huán)境溫度，根據(jù)測量結(jié)果自動控制風(fēng)扇或加熱器來保證嬰兒床的環(huán)境溫度始終保持在設(shè)定的目標(biāo)溫度值；3.濕度監(jiān)測模塊：采用濕度傳感器檢測嬰兒是否尿床的狀態(tài)，當(dāng)發(fā)現(xiàn)尿床后可以自動將信息發(fā)送至手持終端，提醒父母換尿布。4.啼哭識別模塊，采用聲音傳感器及聲音辯識電路來辯識嬰兒的啼哭狀態(tài)，并根據(jù)嬰兒哭聲的幅度、持續(xù)時間判別嬰兒的狀態(tài)，還是偶爾醒了一次，這時控制通過單片判別后，分別可以控制嬰兒床搖籃，還是播放語音安撫剛醒的嬰兒。6.蹬被監(jiān)測模塊：采用溫度傳感器監(jiān)測蹬被情況，若嬰兒被子脫落，將檢測到的信號發(fā)送給手持終端。1.Weight dete

22、ction module: baby weight measurement monitored by the intelligent node through a pressure sensor can be sent to the module via wireless handheld terminal by processing;2.Temperature monitoring module: using real-time monitoring of temperature to sensor cots in the ambient temperature. According to

23、the measurement results, fan or heater is automatically controlled to ensure that crib ambient temperature is always maintained at the target temperature setting;3.Humidity Monitoring Module: The humidity sensor detects bed-wetting state, after the discovery the information of bedwetting is automati

24、cally sent to handsets, reminding parents to change diapers.4.Crying recognition module, using sound sensors and voice identification circuit to identify babies crying state, and determine the status of the baby crying according to the magnitude, duration, or occasionally woke up once, then controll

25、ed by the monolithic discrimination , respectively, can control the cradle crib or play voice to comfort the awakening baby.6.Quilt kicking monitoring module: The temperature sensor is used to monitor the case of kicking the quilt. When the babys quilt is off, the detected signal is transmitted to t

26、he portable hand-held terminal.4.項目研究過程闡述 Elaboration of Project research process嬰兒床智能監(jiān)控節(jié)點中的七大模塊的硬件設(shè)計和軟件調(diào)試已基本完成，其中有些模塊的技術(shù)參數(shù)指標(biāo)已經(jīng)達到既定的要求。手持終端和無線通信模塊的部分功能已基本完成。接下來的工作主要是部分電路的進一步完善和系統(tǒng)的軟硬聯(lián)調(diào)。The seven modules of the hardware design and software debugging of the intelligent crib monitoring node have been c

27、ompleted. Some of the technical parameters of the module indicators have reached the established requirements. Some features of handheld terminals and wireless communication module have been basically completed. The next work is mainly focused on hardware and software to further improve the tone of

28、the circuit and systems.具體情況說明如下：Specific circumstances are described as below:圖1 ATmega128最小系統(tǒng)原理圖L298N是SGS公司的產(chǎn)品，內(nèi)部包含4通道邏輯驅(qū)動電路。是一種二相和四相電機的專用驅(qū)動器，即內(nèi)含二個H橋的高電壓大電流雙全橋式驅(qū)動器，接收標(biāo)準(zhǔn)TTL邏輯電平信號，可驅(qū)動46V、2A以下的電機。開關(guān)驅(qū)動方式是使半導(dǎo)體功率器件工作在開關(guān)狀態(tài)，通過脈調(diào)制（PWM）來控制電動機的電壓，從而實現(xiàn)電動機轉(zhuǎn)速的控制。L298N is the product of the SGS company. Its inte

29、rior includes 4-channel logical drive circuit. The dedicated drive of two-phase and four-phase motors contains high voltage and high current queen of two H-bridge driver bridge, receiving standard TTL logic level signal, and can drive monitors that under 46V, 2A. Manner that the driving switch devic

30、e in the semiconductor power switching state, the pulse modulation (PWM) is to control the motor voltage, in order to control the speed of the monitor.圖2 L298N驅(qū)動原理圖按工作麥克原理可分為炭精粒式、電磁式、電容式、駐極體電容式、壓電晶體式、壓電陶瓷式、二氧化硅式等；按尺寸大小分，駐極體式麥克風(fēng)又可分為9.7系列產(chǎn)品、8系列產(chǎn)品、 6系列產(chǎn)品、 4.5系列產(chǎn)品 、4系列產(chǎn)品 、3系列產(chǎn)品，每個系列中又有不同的高度；從麥克風(fēng)的方向性，可分為

31、全向、單向、雙向(又稱為消噪式)；從極化方式可分為振膜式、背極式、前極式。According to the work principle of microphones, they can be divided into: graphite grains, electromagnetic, capacitive, electret condenser, piezoelectric crystals, piezoelectric ceramic type, silica type, etc. According to the size, the electret microphone can be

32、 divided into 9.7 products, 8 products, 6 products, 4.5 products, 4 products, 3 series, each series has different heights. According to the microphone direction, they can be divided into omnidirectional, unidirectional, bidirectional (also known as noise canceling type). According to the polarizatio

33、n they can be divided into diaphragm type, back-front pole.駐極體麥克風(fēng)的結(jié)構(gòu)包括防塵網(wǎng)、外殼、振膜、墊片、背極板、銅環(huán)、腔體、PCB組件和引腳。其中防塵網(wǎng)有保護咪頭，防止灰塵落到振膜上，防止外部物體刺破振膜，還有短時間的防水作用；外殼是整個咪頭的支撐件，其它件封裝在外殼之中，是傳聲器的接地點，還可以起到電磁屏蔽的作用；振膜是一個聲-電轉(zhuǎn)換的主要零件，是一個繃緊的特氟龍塑料薄膜粘在一個金屬薄圓環(huán)上,薄膜與金屬環(huán)接觸的一面鍍有一層很薄的金屬層,薄膜可以充有電荷，也是組成一個可變電容的一個電極板，而且是可以振動的極板；墊片支撐電容兩極板之間

34、的距離，留有間隙，為振膜振動提供一個空間，從而改變電容量；背極板是電容的另一個電極，并且連接到了FET(場效應(yīng)管)的G(柵)極上；銅環(huán)連接極板與FET(場效應(yīng)管)的G(柵)極，并且起到支撐作用；腔體是固定極板和極環(huán)，從而防止極板和極環(huán)對外殼短路(FET(場效應(yīng)管)的S(源極)，G(柵)極短路)；PCB組件裝有FET，電容等器件，同時也起到固定其它件的作用。Electret microphones structure includes dust network, housing, diaphragm, gaskets, back plate, copper ring, cavity, PCB m

35、odule and pin. Microphones wherein the air filter protection against dust falling on the diaphragm, the diaphragm punctured preventing external objects, and short time waterproof.The housing is a support of the whole microphone, the other package in the housing member is connected to the microphone

36、location, electromagnetic shielding can also play a role; diaphragm is an acoustic - electric conversion of the major parts, a special tension Teflon plastic film adhered to the ring of a thin metal film in contact with the side of the metal ring is coated with a thin metallic layer, the film which

37、can be filled with the charge is composed of a variable capacitor electrode plate, and the vibration can be plates; support from the spacer between the two plates capacitor, a gap, a space for the vibration diaphragm, thereby changing the capacitance.The other electrode of the capacitor is the backp

38、late and is connected to the FET (field effect transistor) of the G (gate) electrode; plate and the copper ring is connected FET (field effect transistor) of the G (gate) electrode, and functions as a support; fixed cavity plate and the ring electrode, and electrode plates to prevent short-circuitin

39、g rings on the shell (S (source) FET (field effect transistor) of, G (gate) electrode shorted); PCB assembly with FET, capacitors and other devices, but also play a role as fixation to other parts.音頻接收模塊以麥克風(fēng)作為傳感器接受音頻信號，將接收到的音頻信號經(jīng)過LM311比較器產(chǎn)生方波Microphone audio receiver module receives an audio signal

40、as a sensor, the received audio signal is compared to create a square wave through comparator LM311.圖3 音頻檢測電路原理圖5. 項目完成成果及結(jié)論Project results and conclusions到目前為止，本創(chuàng)新實驗項目得到的實驗結(jié)果主要包括以下三部分：So far, the experimental results obtained in this innovative pilot project includes the following three parts:智能監(jiān)控節(jié)

41、點 Intelligent monitoring node可以實時監(jiān)測嬰兒床的環(huán)境溫度，并自動控制床載風(fēng)扇或加熱器調(diào)控環(huán)境溫度； Real-time monitoring of the ambient crib temperature and bed set automatically controlled ambient temperature regulated fan or heater.可以自動監(jiān)測嬰兒體溫實現(xiàn)嬰兒高燒報警；Automatic monitoring of body temperature so as to achieve infant baby fever alarm;

42、實時監(jiān)測嬰兒床輔濕度，自動判別尿床狀態(tài)；Real-time monitoring of auxiliary humidity crib, automatic identification of bedwetting state;自動判別嬰兒是否睡醒，并在自動模式下將節(jié)點信息上傳至手持終端；Automatically determine whether the baby woke up, and in the automatic mode the node information will be uploaded to the handheld terminal.自動搖籃模塊可以在睡醒時自動開啟

43、，同時支持手持終端自動控制。Automatic cradle module can automatically open when the infant is awake, while supporting handheld terminal automation無線模塊Wireless Module475MHz頻段，在復(fù)雜室內(nèi)環(huán)境中通信直線距離不少于3000米。475MHz band, no less than 3000m linear distance communication in complex indoor environments手持終端Handheld terminal提供人機

44、交互接口：LCD顯示、命令輸入、參數(shù)設(shè)置Provide HCI interface: LCD display, command input, parameter settings控制mp3播放音樂，搖籃自動搖擺，接收嬰兒床智能監(jiān)控節(jié)點發(fā)送的所有信息并處理。MP3 music control, rocking cradle automatically, receiving all the information from intelligent cribs monitoring node and process 本設(shè)計以單片機ATmega128為核心控制器件，利用其豐富的內(nèi)部資源和外圍接口完成相

45、關(guān)控制及通信，選擇麥克和直流電機分別作為聲音采集傳感器和執(zhí)行器。單片機運行時受外界干擾較小，整個系統(tǒng)工作穩(wěn)定，可以用相對較低的成本實現(xiàn)高精度，難度高的控制方案，滿足了控制系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性和精確控制的要求。而且由于ATmega128單片機強大的集成開發(fā)環(huán)境，使修改控制方案成為輕而易舉的事情。又結(jié)合傳感器構(gòu)成的閉環(huán)控制系統(tǒng)，可以確保寶寶搖籃的多樣化控制和穩(wěn)定工作。ATmega128 microcontroller is designed as the core control devices, the use of internal resources and its rich peripheral i

46、nterface complete the relevant control and communications, select Micro and DC motors, respectively, as the sound collection of sensors and actuators. MCU running outside interference is small, the whole system is stable, you can realize a high precision using a relatively low cost. High difficulty

47、controlling solutions meet the control system stability and precise control. And because of the ATmega128 microcontrollers powerful integrated development environment, modifying the control scheme of things become easy. And closed-loop control system combining sensors constituted to ensure the diver

48、sification of baby cradle control and stability.本設(shè)計在電路方案和執(zhí)行方式等方面，采用模塊化設(shè)計，可以方便實現(xiàn)功能擴展，從而滿足特殊應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域中的系統(tǒng)功能和可靠性需求。In terms of the circuit methods and implementation of the program designing, we adopt modular design, you can easily expand the functions to meet specific applications in the field of system fu

49、nctionality and reliability requirements. 電路中加入音樂播放電路，以提高嬰兒娛樂性；增加測重、檢測尿床等檢測功能，以提高嬰兒的舒適性；可以無線監(jiān)控嬰兒的情況；另外，在數(shù)據(jù)處理算法方面可進一步智能化，從而可在更大范圍內(nèi)得以應(yīng)用。Music playback added in the circuitry helps to improve infant entertainment; weighing, testing and bedwetting and other testing features are to enhance comfort babies

50、; In case the baby can be wirelessly monitored; Also, in terms of data processing algorithms can be further intelligence, thus can be applied in a wider range.6.項目完成過程存在的問題及建議Problems during Project Process and Suggestions首先，在項目初期選擇各類傳感器我們遇到了許多問題。對于蹬被檢測，我們先嘗試了紅外熱釋電傳感器，但是因為感應(yīng)模塊采用雙元探頭，探頭的窗口為長方形，雙元（A 元

51、 B 元）位于較長方向的兩端，當(dāng)人體從左到右或從右到左走過時,紅外光譜到達雙元的時間、距離有差值，差值越大，感應(yīng)越靈敏，當(dāng)人體從正面走向探頭或從上到下或從下到上方向走過時，雙元檢測不到紅外光譜距離的變化，無差值，因此感應(yīng)不靈敏或不工作，此種情況，只要傳感器感應(yīng)區(qū)有人，傳感器立即產(chǎn)生高電平，應(yīng)用過程中無法實現(xiàn)自己設(shè)想的當(dāng)被子擋住嬰兒和蹬被兩種狀況無法區(qū)分。所以我們選擇了溫度傳感器通過判斷測量嬰兒體溫傳感器 和室內(nèi)溫度傳感器之間的溫度差值判斷嬰兒是否蹬被。First, early in the project, to select various types of sensors we encou

52、ntered many problems. For quilt kicking detection, we first tried the pyroelectric infrared sensors, as the sensor module uses a dual probe, the probe window is rectangular, dual (A B ) located at both ends of the long direction, when the body walks left to right or right to left through the infrared spectrum to reach the dual time, the distance has a difference value, the greater the differe