新人教版八年級英語下冊第一單元知識點

1、Unit1Whatsthematter?一咨詢某人患了何種疾病或碰到什么麻煩時，常用以下句型：1.Whatsthematter（withsb）?2.Whatsthetrouble/problem（withsb）?3.Whatswrong（withsb）?你怎么了？4.Whatsonestrouble/problem？5.Whatsup?6.Whathappenedtosb?7.AreyouOK?8.Isthereanythingwrongwithsb?二表達身體不適或痛苦時，常用以下構(gòu)造：1.Sb+have/has+a/an+疾病名稱：haveacold/fever/cough/tempera

2、ture2.Sb+have/hasasore+身體部位：haveasorethroat/back3.Sb+have/has+a+身體部位achehaveatoothache/headache/stomachache/earache/backache4.Sb+hurt(s)+身體部位/oneself;Hehurthisleg.或身體部位+hurts;Myheadhurtsbadly.5.Thereissomethingwrongwithones+身體部位。6.Sb+have/hasapaininones+身體部位三神態(tài)動詞should/shouldt的用法：意為應當，應當見或建后接動詞原形，無人

3、稱和數(shù)的變化。往常表示提出意議，或義務和責任，還可表示命令責怪或要求等語氣;1.Youshouldliedownandrest.2.Youshouldteatsomuchnexttime.3.WhatshouldIdo?4.ShouldIputsomemedicineonit？-Yes,youshould./No,youshouldt.SectionA1.soreadj.痛苦的可作定語或表語Shehasasorethroat/back.Mylegisverysore.2.backn.后邊，反面Hesatatthebackoftheclassroom.adv.回（原處）comeback3.lie

4、躺，臥-lay.lain.lyingliedown躺下說謊-lied.lied.lyingYouarelyingtome.n.謊話謊話tellalie/lieslay.-laid.laid.laying產(chǎn)卵下蛋擱置4.rest歇息v./n.Youshouldrestforafewdays.getsomerest=have(take)arest/abreak/breaks歇息一下5.toonessurprise使某人驚訝的是常作插入語，位于句首Tohissurprise,shefailedtheexam.insurprise驚訝地surprising-物Whatsurprisingnews!Su

5、rprised-人besurprisedtodo/besurprisedatsth/besurprisedthat?6.muchtoo+形容詞，太.，toomany+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)，太多?toomuch+不行數(shù)名詞，太多?也可做副詞talktoomuch7.enough形容、副詞,足夠的/地，(1)enough+名詞;enoughwater(2)形副+enough;goodenough8.soundlike+名詞代詞和從句：聽起來像Itsoundslikeyoudontknowthetruth.Itsoundslikeagoodidea.Sound(look/feel/taste/smell)+

6、形容詞聽起來.eg.Themusicsoundsnice.9.need(1).需要，實義動詞人作主語need+sth，需要某物；need(sb)todosth.需要做某事，(2).物作主語；sthneedsdoing/tobedone;Theroomneedscleaning/tobecleaned.(3)神態(tài)動詞,多用于否認句或疑問句NeedIstayhere?-Yes,youmust./No,youneedt.10.agree贊成，贊成-disagree(反義詞)agreewithsb.贊成某人agreetodo.贊成做某事11.rightaway=rightnow=atonce，意為立刻

7、。12.advice(不行數(shù))建議,建議apieceofadvice一條建議givesb.adviceonsth./takeonesadviceadvise動詞advisesb.todosth.建議某人做某事advisedoingsth.建議做某事13.hurt及物動詞，使?痛苦，?受傷，Hehurthisleg.Hehurtherfeelings.不及物動詞，?（部位）疼。Hisleghurtbadly.14.hit-hit（過去式）（用手或用具）打；擊打Theboyhitthedogwithastone.hitsb.onthehead/nose/back打某人的頭、鼻子、后背，on用在所打

8、較硬的部位；heface/eye/stomach打某人的臉、眼睛、肚子，in用在所打較軟的部位。當名詞用時；gethitonthehead頭部遇到撞擊15.seesbdoingsth看見某人正在做某事Isawaboyplayingfootballnearmyhome.Seesbdosth看見某人做某事（重申全過程）Wesawhimcrosstheroad.16.shouttosb向某人喊話shoutatsb沖某人叫喚（貶義）shoutforhelp高聲呼救17.expectsbtodosth期望某人去做某事。18.thinkabout（+doing）考慮thinkof想起，以為thinkove

9、r認真考慮thinkup想出19.falldown（+from）摔倒，摔倒fallbehind落伍，跟不上fallinto落入?fallasleep入眠Fallinlovewith愛上?falloff?從?跌落下來20.反身代詞myself./yourself/himself/herself/itself/ourselves/yourselves/themselves作同位語；Didyoumakethecakeyourself?做表語Imnotmyselftoday.enjoyoneselfhelponeselfto?byoneselfhurt/cutoneselfteachoneself=l

10、earnsthbyoneself21.trouble(不行數(shù))；煩惱，問題beintrouble處于窘境getintotrouble墮入窘境maketrouble制造麻煩havetrouble/difficulties/problems(in)doingsth做.有麻煩做某事有困難22.put?onsth在某物上放?putsomemedicineonthecut(傷口)putabandageonit在它上邊放繃帶23.inthesameway以相同的方式onthewayto在去?的路上intheway擋路outoftheway不再礙事bytheway趁便說一下inthisway用這類方法ina

11、way在某種程度上24.getanX-ray拍X光片takeonestemperature量體溫hotteawithhoney加蜂蜜的熱茶seeadentist看牙醫(yī)gotoadoctor=gotoseeadoctor=gotothedoctors看醫(yī)生getoff下車-geton上車allweekend整個周末awayfrom遠離fortoolong太長時間onthesideoftheroad在馬路邊withoutthinkingtwice沒多想getsunburned被曬傷haveaheartproblem居心臟病feelveryhot感覺很熱t(yī)hanksto多虧,因為（=becauseo

12、f=withthehelpof）haveanosebleed流鼻血cuthisknee割傷他的膝蓋putherheadback把她的頭向后仰savealife拯救生命intime實時ontime準時dotherightthing做正確的事gomountainclimbing去登山SectionB1.sickadj.患病的，有病的。作表語和定語。ill只好作表語be/feelsick=beill惡心的Ifeelalittlesick.厭煩的besickofImsickofrunning.2.beusedtosth./doingsth.習慣于?適應做某事?(be=get=become)Heisus

13、edtogettingupearly.beusedtodosth=beusedforsth/doing被用于做某事Woodisusedtomakehouses.Usedtodosth過去常做某事Heusedtogotoworkbybus.3.takearisk=takerisks冒險theriskofsth/doing?的風險atrisk在危險中risktodosth.冒險去做某事4.inaverydangeroussituation在一種特別危險的狀況下5.sth.runout某物用完，用盡Whenhiswaterrunout,heknewthathewouldhavetodosomethi

14、ngtosavehisownlife.sb.runoutofsth.人用盡了某物。Herunoutofallhismoneylastnight.6blood血，不行數(shù)。adropofblood一滴血-bloody有血的，出血的getoutof走開，從?出來7.mean-meant動詞意思是meandoingsth意味著做某事打算meantodosthImeantogotomorrow.meaning名詞，含義意思。mean形容詞：吝嗇的，吝嗇的Whatdoyoumeanbytheword?=Whatdoesthewordmean?=Whatisthemeaningoftheword?8.the

15、importanceof(doing)sth做某事的重要性Doyouunderstandtheimportanceofstudyinghard?important-unimportant(不)重要的9.free形容詞：安閑的freetime；免費的Thedrinkisforfree；自由的Iwanttobecomeafreebird.free【動詞】使?解脫，獲得自由：Hecouldnotfreehisarm.10.makeadecisiontodosth.=decidetodosth=makeuponesmingtodosth=determinetodosth下信心做某事11.beincon

16、trolof?掌管，管理Theheadmasterisincontrolofthisnewschool.beoutofcontrol沒法控制，沒法管理undercontrol在控制之下12.death名詞（不）-die動詞-dead形容詞-dying形容詞：彌留的，臨終的Heisafraidofdeath.Shediedtwoyearsago.Thedogisdead.Itisadyingbird.13.giveup(doing)sth.放棄（做）某事，giveup(playing)computergames/Nevergiveupeasily.14.sothat以便，為的是（當主句與從句主語一致是=inorderto=soasto）Heworkedhardsothathecouldsucceed.=?inorderto/soasto?.15.beinterestedin=takeaninterestin對?感興趣16.keepondoingst