初中英語被動語態(tài)(精講精練)

1、(圓滿word版)初中英語被動語態(tài)(精講+精練)(圓滿word版)初中英語被動語態(tài)(精講+精練)5/5(圓滿word版)初中英語被動語態(tài)(精講+精練)被動語態(tài)語態(tài)是動詞的一種形式，用以說明主語與謂語動詞之間的關(guān)系。英語的語態(tài)共有兩種：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的履行者，被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者。被動語態(tài)是動詞的一種特別形式，一般說來，只有需要動作對象的及物動詞才有被動語態(tài)。漢語常常用被、受、給等被動詞來表示被動意義一、語態(tài)構(gòu)造比較語態(tài)被動語態(tài)主動語態(tài)時態(tài)一般此刻時amisaredo/does(V.V.s)amisare+done(V.p.p)一般未來時willbegoin

2、gtobe(about)to+do(V.)will+be+done(V.p.p)一般過去時wasweredid(V.-ed)waswere+done(V.p.p)此刻進行時amisare+doing(V.-ing)amisare+being+done(V.p.p)過去進行時waswere+doing(V.-ing)waswere+being+done(V.p.p)此刻達成時havehas+done(V.p.p.)havehas+been+done(V.p.p)過去達成時had+done(V.p.p.)had+been+done(V.p.p.)神態(tài)動詞神態(tài)動詞+V.神態(tài)動詞+be+done(V.

3、p.p.)過去未來時would/should+V.would/shouldbe+done(V.p.p.)二、變被動句步驟1、把原主動句中的賓語變成被動句的主語2、把動詞變成被動形式即be+過去分詞，并注意其人稱和數(shù)隨主語的變化，而動詞的時態(tài)則保持不變。3、原主動句的主語如需要則放在by后邊以它的賓格形式出現(xiàn)（注代詞的賓格），如不需要則可省略。4、其余的成分（定語、狀語）不變。主動語態(tài)變成被動語態(tài)例句：一般此刻時：主：Webelievehim.被：Heisbelievedbyus.一般過去時：主：Heboughthischildrensomepens.被：Somepenswereboughtfo

4、rhischildrenbyhim.一般未來時：主：Everyonewillknowthetruthsoon.被：Thetruthwillbeknownbyeveryone.此刻進行時：主：Maryismakingadoll.被：AdollisbeingmadebyMary.1過去進行時：主：Theywerecarryingthehurtplayer.被：Thehurtplayerwasbeingcarriedbythem.此刻達成時：主：Hehasreceivedtheletter.過去達成時：主：Theyhadbuilttenbridges.被：Theletterhasbeenreceiv

5、edbyhim.被：Tenbridgeshadbeenbuiltbythem.三、一般用法1.一般此刻時的被動語態(tài)組成：is/am/are+及物動詞的過去分詞Ourclassroomiscleanedeveryday.Iamaskedtostudyhardbymymother.Knivesareusedforcuttingthings.2.一般過去時的被動語態(tài)組成：was/were+及物動詞的過去分詞Thenewshopwasbuiltlastyear.Dinosaureggswerelaidlonglongago.3.此刻達成時的被動語態(tài)組成：has/have+been+及物動詞的過去分詞T

6、hisbookhasbeentranslatedintomanylanguages.Manyman-madesatelliteshavebeensentupintospacebymanycountries.4.一般未來時的被動語態(tài)組成：will+be+及物動詞的過去分詞Anewhospitalwillbebuiltinourcity.Manymoretreeswillbeplantednextyear.5.含有神態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)組成：神態(tài)動詞+be+及物動詞的過去分詞Youngtreesmustbewateredoften.Yourmistakesshouldbecorrectedrightn

7、ow.Thedoormaybelockedinside.Yourhomeworkcanbehandedintomorrow.6.此刻進行時的被動語態(tài)組成：am/is/are+being+及物動詞的過去分詞UncleWangismendingmybikenow.MybikeisbeingrepairedbyTomnow.Theyareplantingtreesoverthere.Treesarebeingplantedovertherebythem.7.不定式的被動語態(tài)：to+be+及物動詞的過去分詞Therearetwobookstoberead.Therearetwentymoretrees

8、tobeplanted.四、特別用法1.不及物動詞無被動語態(tài)。如：happen,breakdown,comeoutWhatwillhappenin100years.Thedinosaursdisappearedabout65millionyearsago.2.有些動詞用主動形式表示被動意義。如：write,sell,rideThispenwriteswell.2Thisnewbooksellswell.感官動詞或使役動詞使用省略to的動詞不定式，主動語態(tài)中不帶“to”，但變成被動語態(tài)時，須加上“to”。例：makesomebodydosomethingsomebody+be+madetodos

9、omethingseesomebodydosomethingsomebody+be+seentodosomethingAgirlsawmywalletdropwhenshepassedby.Mywalletwasseentodropbyagirlwhenshepassedby.Thebossmadethelittleboydoheavywork.Thelittleboywasmadetodoheavyworkbytheboss.假如是接雙賓語的動詞改為被動語態(tài)時，直接賓語（物）作主語，那么動詞后要用介詞，這個介詞是由與其搭配的動詞決定。Hegavemeabook.Abookwasgivento

10、mebyhim.Heshowedmeaticket.Aticketwasshowntomebyhim.Myfatherboughtmeanewbike.Anewbikewasboughtformebymyfather.一些動詞短語用于被動語態(tài)時，動詞短語應(yīng)看作一個整體而不可以扔掉此中的介詞或副詞。Wecantlaughathim.Hecantbelaughedatbyus.Helistenstotheradioeveryday.Theradioislistenedtobyhimeveryday.Thenurseistakingcareofthesickman.Thesickmanisbeing

11、takencareofbythenurse.五、帶雙賓語在用于被動構(gòu)造時，有些動詞可以帶雙賓語。在這類狀況下，主動構(gòu)造中的間接賓語變成主語時，直接賓語仍舊保存在謂語后邊；直接賓語變成主語時，間接賓語前平常加上介詞for/to,etc.。即：S+V+IO+DOIO+bedone+DODO+bedone+prep.+IO1.g.1)Myunclegavemeagiftonmybirthday.Iwasgivenagiftonmybirthday.Agiftwasgiventomeonmybirthday.1.Weoftenhearhimplayguitar.Heisoftenheardtoplay

12、guitar.Itisoftenheardfromhimtoplayguitar.六、新興形式Get+過去分詞也可以組成被動語態(tài)，用這類構(gòu)造的句子重視于動作的結(jié)果而不是動作自己。如：Themangothurtonhiswayhome.那個男人在回家的路上受傷了。Howdidtheglassgetbroken?杯子怎么破了？Get+過去分詞的被動語態(tài)是一種新興的被動語態(tài)形式；相對來說它的使用還沒有Be+過去分詞組成的被動語態(tài)那么寬泛，一般限于口語和非正式書面語；但它卻有著用得越來越多的趨向，是一種生氣蓬勃的語言現(xiàn)象。七、特別提示有些動詞后跟不帶to的不定式作賓語補足語，但改為被動構(gòu)造后要加上“t

13、o”。Weheardhimsinginhisroomjustnow.Hewasheardtosinginhisroomjustnow.needdoingsomething也表示被動3被動語態(tài)專項練習(xí)一、將以下句子變成被動語態(tài)。Heoftenhelpshisbrother.PeopleallovertheworldknowtheGreatWall.Theyfoundedthathospitalin1996.Hewasdoinghishomeworkatthistimeyesterday.Heaskedmetoworkonthefarmwithhim.Myfatherismendingmybike

14、.Thewriterhaswrittenmanystoriesforthatmagazine.Weregoingtoholdameetingthisafternoon.Hismotherhadtoldhimnottowastetimeonfishing.Theyshoulddoitatonce.二、單項選擇()1ThePeoplesRepublicofChina_onOctober1,1949.A.foundB.wasfoundedC.isfoundedD.wasfound()2English_inCanada.A.speaksB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isspoken

15、()3ThisEnglishsong_bythegirlsafterclass.A.oftensingsB.oftensangC.isoftensangD.isoftensung()4Thiskindofcar_inJapan.A,makesB.madeC.ismakingD.ismade()5Newcomputers_allovertheworld.A.isusedB.areusingC.areusedD.haveused()6Ourroommust_clean.A.keepB.bekeptC.tobekeptD.tokeep()7-Idliketobuythatcoat.-Imsorry.

16、_.A.itsoldB.itssellingC.ItsbeensoldD.ithadbeensold()8Anewhouse_atthecorneroftheroad.A.isbuildingB.isbeingbuiltC.beenbuiltD.bebuilding()9Thekey_onthetablewhenIleave.A.wasleftB.willbeleftC.isleftD.hasbeenleft()10Doctors_ineverypartoftheworld.A.needB.areneedingC.areneededD.willneed()11Hisnewbook_nextmo

17、nth.A.willbepublishedB.ispublishingC.isbeingpublishedD.hasbeenpublished4()12Japanese_ineverycountry.A.isnotspokenB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isnotspeaking()13Thesepapers_yet.A.havenotwrittenB.havenotbeenwrittenC.hasnotwrittenD.hasnotbeenwritten()14Thesportsmeet_behelduntilnextweek.A.didntB.wontC.isntD.

18、doesnt()15-Myshoesarewornout.A.Canttheybemended?B.Letmehavealookatit.C.Howmuchdotheycost?D.Canttheymended?()16_thewatchbeenrepairedyet?Ibadlyneedit.A.DoesB.HasC.IsD.Are()17_thesedesksbeneeded?A.WillB.AreC.HasD.Do()18Why_totalkaboutityesterday?A.didntameetingholdB.wasntameetingheldC.wasntheldameeting

19、D.ameetingwasntheld()19Whowasthebook_?A.writeB.wroteC.writtenD.writtenby()20Where_theseboxesA.wasB.wereC.isD.am()21Theflowers_often.A.mustbewaterB.mustbewateredC.mustwateredD.mustwater()22Thebooksmay_fortwoweeks.A.bekeptB.beborrowedC.keepD.borrow()23Thebrokenbike_herebyMrSmith.A.canmendB.canmendedC.canbemendD.canbemended()24Theoldbridgeinmyhomet