高考英語定語從句總結 完整版課件PPT

1、定語從句 總結The Attributive Clause（Revision)高考資源網3.區(qū)別幾種句型1.定義及術語2.比較關系詞教學目標 定義及相關術語1.定語從句：修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。定語從句一般緊跟在它所修飾的先行詞之后。2.先行詞：被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞。 That is the teacher who teaches us English.Those who want to go to the park are girls._（名詞）_（代詞） 關系詞關系代詞關系副詞that which who whom whose as 等when where why等關系詞

2、通常有下列三個作用：A.引導定語從句； B.代替先行詞； C.在定語從句中擔當一個成分。 The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.1). a. The reason _he missed the speech is that he forgot the time. b. The reason_he gave us sounded reasonable.2). a. Ill never forget the day _we spent together in Paris. b. Ill remember the day

3、_we stayed together at that time.why(which/that)when(which/that)關系代詞與關系副詞的區(qū)別3). a. Is this the factory_ we visited last year? b. Is this the house _Lincoln once lived? c. Is this house _ we visited last year?(which/that)where解題點撥:看引導詞在定語從句中充當什么成分；若是作狀語, 就用where, when, why等關系副詞；若是作主語、賓語或定語，則用關系代詞that

4、, which, whom, whose等。the oneThe classroom _door is broken will soon be repaired.The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow?介詞+關系代詞引導的 定語從句1.根據動詞選擇 介詞。 I dont know the foreigner with who

5、m my teacher shook hands. I dont know the foreigner whom my teacher shook hands with.注意：介詞+which(指物)，介詞+whom(指人) 有的介詞短語是不能分開的，因為這些介詞存在于關系密切的固定短語中如：look after, look for等。This is the pencil that Ma Lili is looking for.2.根據先行詞來選擇介詞。(介詞和先行詞之間構成習慣搭配，而和從句謂語動詞沒多大聯系，此時介詞位于關系代詞之間。)He stood by the window, thr

6、ough which he could see what was happening outside.3.介詞+關系代詞=關系副詞（when, why, where） This is the house in which/ where Chairman Mao once lived. Everyone knows the reason why/for which the high dam was built. 選擇定語從句的引導詞時，不能只看先行詞，重要的是看引導詞再從句中從當什么成分。1).This is the reason _ _ he left his hometown.2). Ill

7、 never forget the day _ _ we stayed together3).This is the girl _ _I learned the news.4). This is the girl _ is taken good care _ in the hospital. 5).Ill show you a store_ _ you may buy all that you need. 6).I dont like the way_ _ you laughed at her.for which /whyon which/whenfrom whomofin which/whe

8、rein which/thatwho 介詞與關系代詞( ) Have a discussion方法總結1.先行詞為人,關系代詞用介詞+whom; 先行詞為物,關系代詞用介詞+which;2.固定的動詞短語,介詞不能提前。 3.關系代詞和關系副詞有時可轉換： where, when, why = 介詞 + which4.先行詞是the way 時,關系代詞用thatin which或省略.想一想總結:In the basket there are quite many apples, some of _have gone bad. There are forty students in our

9、class in all, most of _arefrom big cities. “That” As 和which易混句型討論與探究 as 與 which的區(qū)別 1).The meeting, _was held in the park, was a great success.2). I will read as many books_are required. .3). She has married again, _ was unexpected). _is known to us all, Taiwan is a part of China. whichwhichAsas拓展21.

10、 The sun heats the earth, _ is very important to us.2. He failed in the exam, _ was expected. A. that B. as C. which D. it E. B & C 當先行詞為主句時，關系詞用which或as，它們的區(qū)別在于，as含有“正如”的意思。*The Attributive clauses caused by “asCB1. which的先行詞可以是名詞，也可以是句子的一部分或代替整個句子；which從句不能放句首; 2. as 一般代替整個句子, 從句則可以放句首, 句中或句尾, 表示“

11、正如” ，“或像一樣” 。例如：as is known, as everyone knows ,as is said, as often happens, as you can see, as it is;當先行詞前有as, so, such, the same 修飾時,關系代詞常用as?？偨Y:1.當先行詞是everything, anything, nothing , all, none, few, little, some等代詞時，或當先行詞受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等代詞修飾時。 2.當先行詞被序數詞修飾時。3.當先行詞被形

12、容詞最高級修飾時。4當先行詞被 the very, the only 修飾時。5.當先行詞前面有who, which 等疑問代詞時。 6.當先行詞為人與動物或人與物時。 我的地盤?That!“that”1). a. I saw some trees, and the leaves of _ were black with disease. b. I saw some trees, the leaves of _ were black with disease. 2). a. The professor is a little man, on the nose of _there is a pa

13、ir of glasses b. The professor is a little man, and on the nose of _there is a pair of glasses解題點撥 :是否有連詞是區(qū)分定語從句和并列句的關鍵。themwhomwhichhim _易混句型1.定語從句與并列句 1). a. The news _our volleyball team won the match made us excited. b. The news _he told me yesterday is exciting. 2). a. I made a promise _ if any

14、one set me free, I would make him very rich. b. The mother made a promise _ pleased all her children. that(that/which)that/whichthat解題點撥：that引導的定語從句是對其先行詞的修飾或限制；在句中作成份(作賓語省略),指物時可用which代替；而同位語從句是對前面名詞的說明和解釋。that在從句中僅起連接作用,不充當成份，不能省略,不能用which代替。 .定語從句與同位語從句 1) a. It is in this room _I lived last year

15、. b. It is the room _I lived last year. 2) a. It was at seven oclock _he went to school this morning. b. It was seven oclock _he went to school this morning. 解題點撥：強調句型：It is/was+被強調的成份+that/who+其它部分; 去掉 It is/was.that/who ,句子照樣成立;而定語從句的引導詞在句中要作成份。thatwherethatwhen.定語從句與強調 句Find the mistakes and corr

16、ect:1.Einstein is such a great scientist that we must learn from. 2.This is the very place where we visited many years ago.thatas1）錯用引導詞；常見錯誤. Hangzhou, where we spent last spring there, is one of the most beautiful cities in China. 2）定語從句中的被替換成份沒有去掉。. She is the only one of the girls in our class w

17、ho have been to the United States. ).定語從句中的謂語動詞在人稱和數上 應與先行詞一致has_3. I want to buy the same pen _ you are using.4. This is the same bicycle _ I have lost. A. that B. as C. which D. it E. A & B“the sameas” 引導的定語從句表示從句所指的物品與先行詞所指的物品為同一類事物，即同一個款式的，或同一個牌子等。“the samethat”引導的定語從句表示從句所指的物品與先行詞所指的物品為同一事物。BE5

18、. This is _ stone _ no one can lift it.6. This is _ stone _ no one can lift. A. so heavy a, that B. so a heavy, as C. such a heavy, as D. such heavy a, that “sosuchthat.”引導的是結果狀語從句，從句的成分是完整的，也就是說that只起連接作用。 “sosuch as”引導的是定語從句，從句的成分是不完整的，也就是說as代替先行詞在從句中充當成分。AC12. She doesnt see the reason _ he would

19、 like to join them.13. She doesnt see _ he would like to join them.14. Do you forget the reason _ I have told you? A. why B. C. that D. for which E. all above F. whichEAB C F(賓語從句)(定語從句，關系詞做原因狀語)(定語從句，關系詞做賓語)15. Treat others in the way _ you want to be treated.16. This is the way _ I want to treat y

20、ou.17. I dont like the way _ you speak to her. A. in which B. C. that D. all aboveDDDMore4. Is this the school _ Tom once studied at?5. Is this school _ Tom once studied?6. Is this the school at _Tom once studied?7. Is this school _ Tom once studied at?8. Is this the school _Tom once studied? A. the

21、 one that B. where C. the one where D. whichADCDB缺先行詞1. Word came _ their army was defeated. 2. We expressed to them our wish _ was the same as their. 3. It is the hotel _ we stayed in last night.4. It was in the hotel _ we stayed last night. A. that B. which C. who D. A&B (同位語從句)(定語從句)（強調句）ADDA*Tel

22、l the difference among the following sentences 1) He has got himself into a dangerous situation_ he is likely to lose control over the plane. A. where B. which C. while D. whyA鞏固提高:2) We are living in an age _ many things are done on computer.(03春招） A. which B. that C. whose D. whenD3) There were di

23、rty marks on her trousers _ she had wiped her hands.(04吉林) A. where B. which C. when D. that4. We visited the factory _ makes toys for children. A. where B. which C. in which D. at which7.These houses are sold at such a low price _ people expected.(00上海） A. like B. as C. that D. which8. _ is reporte

24、d in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress. (04北京） A. It B. As C. That D. What9. Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, _ , of course , made the others envy him. (04天津） A. who B. that C. what D. which10.The gentleman_ you told me yesterday proved

25、to be a thief.(00上海春招） A. who B. about whom C. whom D. with whom11. Have you seen the film “Titanic”, _ leading actor is world-famous?(01上海 A. its B. its C. whose D. which用思考_歷年高考試題1.We shouldnt spent our money testing so many people, most of_are healthy.That B which C , what D whom （2007 北京）2.Last

26、week, only two people came to look at the house ,_wanted to buy it.A none of them B both of them C none of whom D neither of whom (2007安徽)3.I was given two books on cooking , the first _I really enjoyed .A, of that B, of which C, that D, which (2006 浙江)4,-where did you get to know her?-it was on the

27、 farm_ we worked.A, that B, there C, which D, where (2007 山東)5，I explain on the phone, you request will be considered at the meeting.A, when B, after C, as D, since (2005 浙江)DDCDC( )1.The famous basketball star,_ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention. A. where B. when C. which D. wh

28、o( )2.She heard a terrible noise, _ brought her heart into her mouth.A. it B. which C. this D. that()3.York,_ I visited last year, is a nice old city. A. that B. which C. where D. in which ( )4.The English play _ my students acted at the New Years party was a great success,A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which( )5.Is this factory _ you visited last Sunday?A. the one B. which C. that D. whereDBBCA( )6.They ask about the things and teachers _ they still remembered i