2021-2022學(xué)年湖北省宜昌市新合中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)期末試題含解析

1、2021-2022學(xué)年湖北省宜昌市新合中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)期末試題含解析一、 選擇題1. _ environmental damage is done, it takes many years for the ecosystemto recover.A. Even if B. If only C. While D. Once參考答案：D本題考查狀語(yǔ)從句。Once 表示“一旦”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。2. Its awfully cold this morning. Yes, but its not colder than it was yesterday, _it?A. wasnt B. isnt C.

2、is D. was參考答案：C3. - We had really smoggy December this year. I cant remember winter when air was polluted so severely.A. a; / B. a; the C. the; the D. a; a參考答案：D 試題分析： 句意：今年我們度過(guò)了一個(gè)霧霾的12月份。-我不記得有一個(gè)冬天空氣被污染的如此嚴(yán)重的。第一空填a，泛指“一個(gè)霧霾的12月份”，第二空填a，泛指“一個(gè)冬天”，選D?？键c(diǎn)：考查冠詞【答案】【解析】4. _ is expected, according to the on

3、-line survey, is that prices of houses will not go up any longer. A. It B. As C. Which D. What 參考答案：D5. Michaels new house is like a huge palace, _ with his old one.AcomparingBcomparesCto compareDcompared參考答案：D6. Many people expressed concern, but _ were willing to help.A. any B. some C. few D. many

4、參考答案：C略7. Mary has been waiting days for George to make a call, but up to now he . Adidnt Bhadnt Cwont Dhasnt參考答案：D略8. _ in the center of the hall _ a sculpture and a memorial the great man. A. Standing; are; to B. Placed; is; of C. Placing; are; of D. Stood; are; to參考答案：A9. More than one _ the peop

5、le heart and soul. A. official has served B. officials have served C. official has served for D. officials have served for 參考答案：A10. This is a very special flower and it can _ a strong sweet perfume at night.A. give in B. give up C. give out D. give down參考答案：C11. I havent seen _ before. Its twelve m

6、eters in_ length and fifty kilograms in _weight.A. so a big fish; a ; a B. such big a fish ; /;/C. that big a fish ; /; / D. rather big a fish ;the ;the 參考答案：C12. I tried explaining in English，_though I knew some I found it very difficult.A. and B. so C. or D. but參考答案：D 13. _ _ there, the southwest

7、desert contains a remarkable variety of plants ARarely as it rains BSometimes it rains CIt rarely rains DAlthough rarely rains 參考答案：A略14. Reportedly yesterday a group of American soldiers were walking along the road in Iraq when a bomb was _. A. set outB. set aboutC. set offD. set up參考答案：C15. Many p

8、eople contributed money and clothing for the relief of the quake disaster areas and asked nothing .A. in turn B. in return C. in love D. in need參考答案：B16. When were the soldiers sent to the earthquake-stricken area? - _ the earthquake broke out. A. Shortly B. Unfortunately C. Straight D. Directly參考答案

9、：D二、 填空17. The Historical Change of Readers DigestDuring World War I, Mr. DeWitt Wallace was wounded in a battle. During his recovery in the hospital, he read a lot of magazines and _31_ a lot of interesting information. At the same time, he also found that few people had time to read so many magazi

10、nes that he realized the idea of excerpting (摘錄) these articles and publishing them.He was _32_ to publish a pocket magazine they called Readers Digest with his wife Lila Acheson. They opened an office downstairs in an illegal hotel in Greenwich Village, New York, and spent only $5,000 in capital an

11、d began _33_ subscribers. After a period of hard work, the first volume was _34_ published on February 5, 1922. Its purpose is to inform the readers in daily life and give the readers entertainment, encouragement and guidance. The first article, _35_ How to Stay Young Mentally, was one and a half pa

12、ges long.In 1920, he put _36_ selected articles into Readers Digest samples and displayed them to major publishers in the United States. He hoped that someone would be willing to publish them, but they were all _37_. Mr. Wallace did not give up and decided to publish it himself. He worked at home wi

13、th his wife, and finally published the first issue of Readers Digest in February 1922. The first was printed in 5,000 copies, _38_ at 25 cents, and sent to 1,500 payment subscribers by mail. By 1935, the circulation of Readers Digest had reached one million copies.The Chinese _39_ of Readers Digest

14、was first published in March 1965. The first editor-in-chief was Lin Taiyi, the daughter of Mr. Lin Yutang, master of literature. In November 2004, Readers Digest and Shanghai Press and Publication Bureau announced the _40_ of a long-term publishing cooperation.參考答案：31. K 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. B 36.

15、 H 37. G 38. J 39. E 40. F這是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了Mr. DeWitt Wallace克服重重困難，創(chuàng)辦讀者文摘的過(guò)程?！?1題詳解】句意：在醫(yī)院康復(fù)期間，他讀了許多雜志，掌握了許多有趣的信息。閱讀雜志的過(guò)程就是吸收信息的過(guò)程。故填absorbed，意為“吸收，掌握”。K選項(xiàng)正確?！?2題詳解】句意：他決心和妻子萊拉艾奇遜一起出版一本他們稱(chēng)之為讀者文摘的袖珍雜志。表示“決心做某事”，用be determined to do sth.，故填determined，A選項(xiàng)正確。【33題詳解】句意：他們?cè)诩~約格林威治村的一家非法旅館樓下開(kāi)了一間辦公室，只花了5000美元，開(kāi)

16、始尋找訂戶(hù)。該空表示“尋找”，故填seeking。D選項(xiàng)正確。【34題詳解】句意：經(jīng)過(guò)一段時(shí)間的努力，第一卷于1922年2月5日正式出版。該空表示“正式地”，故填officially，C選項(xiàng)正確?！?5題詳解】句意：第一篇題為“如何保持年輕”的文章長(zhǎng)達(dá)1.5頁(yè)。該空表示“書(shū)名叫做，題目為”，故填entitled，B選項(xiàng)正確?！?6題詳解】句意：1920年，他將各種精選的文章放入讀者文摘樣本中，并將其展示給美國(guó)的主要出版商。該空表示“各種各樣的”，故填various，H選項(xiàng)正確?！?7題詳解】句意：他希望有人愿意出版，但都被拒絕了。根據(jù)后面“hepublish it himself”可知，其他出

17、版商都拒絕了他。故J選項(xiàng)正確。reject意為“拒絕”。【38題詳解】句意：第一份印了5000份，價(jià)格為25美分，并以郵寄方式寄給1,500名付款訂戶(hù)。后面的25 cents是價(jià)格，故填priced，E選項(xiàng)正確?！?9題詳解】句意：中國(guó)版的讀者文摘與1965年3月首次出版。該空表示“版，版本”，故填version，E選項(xiàng)正確?！?0題詳解】句意：2004年11月，讀者文摘與上海新聞出版局宣布建立長(zhǎng)期出版合作關(guān)系。該空表示“建立”，故填establishment，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)正確。18. Decoding the young brainThere was a funny experiment to s

18、ee how a young child would answer a specific question compared to an adult.After the adult had spent some time speaking with the child, he asked the child, “What do you think about me？” The child answered, “You talk too much.” When the adult performed the same experiment with another adult, the repl

19、y to the same question was, “I think youre a very interesting person.” Even if the adult felt the same way as the child, his brain allowed him to take a moment，consider the question, and come up with an answer. He could have been annoyed, but his answer didnt reflect it because he was being polite.T

20、he secret lies in the science of the developing brain.The childs honest answer was reflected in the fact that his brain wasnt equipped to filter(過(guò)濾) information before answering the question.As a result, he was honest, but he said something that may have been hurtful.However, the child did not inten

21、tionally hurt the adult; its just the way his brain works.As a child grows into adolescence and then into adulthood, that changes.The human brain is made up of billions of neurons(神經(jīng)元). In order for our body to execute a command, like getting up from a chair and walking to the other room, the neuron

22、s in the brain have to communicate with each other. They also help us employ our senses like taste and touch and help us remember things.When the neurons send messages, perhaps one sensation(感覺(jué)) the person feels is excitement about eating a cookie because it is so delicious. Later, if that person sm

23、ells a cookie or hears someone talking about a cookie, it can spark the electrical signals that call up the memory of eating the delicious cookie. In an adult, he or she may remember that eating too many cookies can have consequences, like weight gain.But because the younger brain is more impulsive(

24、沖動(dòng)的), the desire to feel the pleasure of the sweet treat outweighs the consequences.That is because when a child is young, his brain is “wired” in such a way that he seeks pleasure and is more willing to take risks than an adult.This affects his decision-making process and it is why younger people t

25、end to be more impulsive. Sometimes parents have to tell their children over and over again before the child remembers that something is dangerous or risky. How many times have we heard a parent say, “I tell her this all the time, but she never listens！”To conclude, what we know about the young brai

26、n is that children are more likely than adults to be impulsive.It isnt always necessarily because they are being naughty; it may very well be because of their brains. So the next time you ask a child what he really thinks of you, be prepared for any kind of answer.Decoding the young brainAn experime

27、nt on a young childA young child answered the question _71_ the top of his head while an adult paused, and _72_ twice before he found an answer.Causes of the _73_ reflected in the experimentThe developing brain of the young child contributed to his honest answer.He was more likely to hurt or offend

28、others _74_ he didnt intend to do so.Its just the way his brain works and with him growing up, that changes.Billions of neurons _75_up the human brain have their own mechanism for functioning.The neurons have to communicate with each other, helping us employ our senses and remember things.A person m

29、ay _76_ the smell of a cookie with the memory of eating it.A younger brain is more impulsive compared with an adults.A young childs having a natural _77_ to seek pleasure and take risks results from his young brain.This affects his decision-making process and it is why younger people act in an impul

30、sive way.Warned many times before, a young child will still try something _78_ or risky.A conclusion drawn from the experimentAn adults ability to control his impulses is much _79_ and a young child is not _80_ being naughty when they make hurtful or offensive answers.參考答案：71. off 72. thought 73. ph

31、enomenon 74. although/though 75. making 76. associate 77. Tendency 78. dangerous 79. stronger/greater 80. necessarily這是一篇說(shuō)明文。說(shuō)明了小孩子說(shuō)一些傷人的、冒犯性的語(yǔ)言并不是故意為之，而是因?yàn)閮和拇竽X還沒(méi)有發(fā)育完全，不具備在回答問(wèn)題前過(guò)濾信息的功能導(dǎo)致的?！?1題詳解】由第一段“What do you think about me？” The child answered, “You talk too much.”可知，對(duì)于提出的問(wèn)題，孩子的回答總是答非所問(wèn)，脫離話(huà)題。故填

32、off“脫離；離開(kāi)”?！?2題詳解】第一段最后一句“his brain allowed him to take a moment，consider the question, and come up with an answer”可知孩子得出答案前總是會(huì)考慮再三。且實(shí)驗(yàn)已經(jīng)發(fā)生在過(guò)去，故填一般過(guò)去時(shí)thought。【73題詳解】第一段通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)引出后文中分析造成這種現(xiàn)象的原因，故填phenomenon?！?4題詳解】由第二段倒數(shù)第二句“As a result, he was honest, but he said something that may have been hurtful. How

33、ever, the child did not intentionally hurt the adult;”可知雖然孩子會(huì)說(shuō)一些傷人的話(huà)，但是他們并不是有意的。故第四題填連詞although/though“雖然；盡管”。【75題詳解】第三段第一句“The human brain is made up of billions of neurons”可知數(shù)十億的神經(jīng)元組成了人類(lèi)的大腦。本句已經(jīng)存在非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞have，故make做非謂語(yǔ)與邏輯主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系，故填making?！?6題詳解】第三段最后一句“They also help us employ our senses like taste

34、and touch and help us remember things.”可知神經(jīng)元通過(guò)味覺(jué)或者觸覺(jué)幫助我們記住事物，故一個(gè)人可能會(huì)把餅干的味道和吃餅干的記憶聯(lián)系起來(lái)。故填associate?！?7題詳解】第五段第一句“That is because when a child is young, his brain is “wired” in such a way that he seeks pleasure and is more willing to take risks than an adult.”（孩子的大腦就會(huì)以一種“連線(xiàn)”的方式來(lái)尋找快樂(lè)，并且比成年人更愿意冒險(xiǎn)。）故可知一個(gè)

35、年幼的孩子有一種尋求快樂(lè)和冒險(xiǎn)的自然傾向，這是由他幼小的大腦決定的。故填tendency“傾向；趨勢(shì)”。【78題詳解】第五段倒數(shù)第一、二句 “Sometimes parents have to tell their children over and over again before the child remembers that something is dangerous or risky. How many times have we heard a parent say, “I tell her this all the time, but she never listens！”可

36、知即使父母警告過(guò)多次，孩子還是會(huì)去嘗試危險(xiǎn)和冒險(xiǎn)的食物。故填dangerous?！?9題詳解】由最后一段第一句“what we know about the young brain is that children are more likely than adults to be impulsive.”可知成年人比小孩子控制沖動(dòng)的能力更強(qiáng)、更好。故填stronger或greater?！?0題詳解】最后一段第二句“It isnt always necessarily because they are being naughty; it may very well be because of t

37、heir brains.”可知因?yàn)榇竽X構(gòu)造的關(guān)系，小孩子說(shuō)一些傷人的、冒犯性的語(yǔ)言并不一定總是因?yàn)樘詺?。故填necessarily。三、 閱讀理解19. More and more people, especially in developed countries, are becoming older. In the United States there are now over 40 million people aged 65 and over; more than 10 million are over 85. Caring for these senior citizens is

38、becoming a big industry. Traditionally care for the elderly has taken place in an extended family. Grandparents live at home and are helped by other family members. However, as more and more young people enter the work force full time, they cannot care for their parents or grandparents any more. The

39、re are more than 10,000 organizations that provide care for the elderly; more than 1,000 were founded last year alone. Ordinary people quit their jobs and start a private care centre, where they offer senior citizens their services. One of the most difficult aspects of such an organization is findin

40、g the right people to do the job. Caring for the elderly is not an easy task. It requires skill and patience. Among daily tasks are preparing meals, giving them a bath, or simply keeping them company. Many care workers quit because they find it very depressing. It is important to help the elderly st

41、ay mobile as long as possible. When they cannot walk or climb stairs they need more help, thus costs become higher. Care workers concentrate on exercises to help them stay mobile. In many cases assisted living replaces round the clock health care. Elderly people need help with some daily tasks but can mostly live on their own. It also costs less than full nursing care. While wealthy Americans turn to private care centers, those who a