高中英語必修三 Unit 4 Space Exploration 4.2 Discovering Useful Structures

1、Unit 4 Space ExplorationDiscovering Useful Structures2Read and pay attention to the words in red. Step 1. Lead inTianwen-1 is Chinas first mission to land on Mars.3Step 1. Lead inRead and pay attention to the words in red. Yang Liwei thought little of his personal life to focus on his work. Step 2.

2、PresentationYang Liwei thought little of his personal life to focus on his work. Tianwen-1 is Chinas first mission to land on Mars.動(dòng)詞不定式作定語和狀語一、動(dòng)詞不定式用作定語1. 動(dòng)詞不定式作定語常放在名詞或不定代詞后面作后置定語, 表示尚未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Let us give him something to eat. 讓我們給他一些吃的東西。We have much homework to do tonight. 今晚我們有很多作業(yè)要做。Step 2. Pres

3、entation2. 名詞前有first, last, next, only等詞以及最高級(jí)修飾時(shí), 其后要用動(dòng)詞不定式。She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games. 她是第一個(gè)在奧運(yùn)會(huì)中贏得金牌的女性。3. 抽象名詞attempt, ability, chance, desire, determination, decision, plan, way或不定代詞something, nothing等后面常用不定式作后置定語。But Janis Adkins has the ability and desir

4、e to do useful work. 但是詹尼斯阿德金斯有能力和愿望去做有用的工作。4. 當(dāng)名詞與定語之間存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí)。I usually have a lot of meetings to attend. 我通常有很多會(huì)議要參加。She is a nice person to work with. 她是一個(gè)很好的合作伙伴。5. 當(dāng)名詞與定語之間存在主謂關(guān)系時(shí)。We must find a person to do the job. 我們必須找到一個(gè)人來做這項(xiàng)工作。We need someone to go and get a doctor. 我們需要有人去請(qǐng)醫(yī)生。6. 當(dāng)名詞與定語有同

5、位關(guān)系時(shí)。We got the order to leave the city. 我們接到了離開這個(gè)城市的命令?！炯磳W(xué)活用】語法填空(1) The airport _(complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area. (2) Do you have anything _(do) tonight? (3) The best way _(improve) your English is to join an English club. to be completedto doto improve二、動(dòng)詞不定式在句中作狀語, 主要

6、用來修飾動(dòng)詞和形容詞, 也可用來修飾副詞。在句中, 不定式可作目的狀語、原因狀語、結(jié)果狀語、條件狀語等, 可表示目的、原因及結(jié)果等。1. 目的狀語, 置于句首或句末, 置于句首時(shí)常表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。為加強(qiáng)語氣, 常與in order或so as 組成短語。A group of young people got together to discuss this question. 一群年輕人聚在一起討論這個(gè)問題。In order to help him, we would do everything we can. 為了幫助他, 我們將盡我們所能。不定式作目的狀語(1)不定式作目的狀語時(shí), 其動(dòng)作通常遲

7、于謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作。I said that to encourage him. 我這么說是為了鼓勵(lì)他。 (2)置于句首時(shí)只用to do / in order to do。如用于表示否定, in order 或 so as不能省略, 用 in order not to do 或 so as not to do形式。I walked quietly so as not to disturb the baby. 我安靜地走路, 以免打擾嬰兒。 (3)不定式作目的狀語可轉(zhuǎn)換為 so that / in order that 或 so. . . that . . . 引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句。He worked

8、 very hard to pass the exam. He worked so hard that he could pass the exam. He worked hard so that/in order that he could pass the exam. 他非常努力以便能通過考試。2. 原因狀語, 多見于“sb. +be+adj. +to do. . . ”結(jié)構(gòu)句中。I was very sad to hear the news. 聽到這個(gè)消息我很難過。3. 結(jié)果狀語, 多見于“too. . . to”; “enough to. . . ”; only to do(表示意料之

9、外的結(jié)果的發(fā)生); so/such. . . as to(意為“如此以至于”)結(jié)構(gòu)句中。 Im too tired to do well. 我太累了做不好。He is old enough to go to school . 他到上學(xué)的年齡了。He rushed back, only to find the book missing. 他沖了回來, 卻發(fā)現(xiàn)書不見了。 She is so proud as to look down upon others. 她太驕傲了, 看不起別人。4. 獨(dú)立動(dòng)詞不定式多用作插入語, 表示說話人的心理狀態(tài)或?qū)κ虑榈目捶ād like to stay healt

10、hy, but to be honest, I only eat food that tastes good. 我想保持健康, 但說實(shí)話, 我只吃味道好的食物。 【名師點(diǎn)津】現(xiàn)在分詞與不定式作結(jié)果狀語的區(qū)別(1)動(dòng)詞不定式作結(jié)果狀語強(qiáng)調(diào)的是一種意想不到的結(jié)果。Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only to find it didnt fit. (2)現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語強(qiáng)調(diào)的是一種順承的, 必然造成的結(jié)果。His father passed away, leaving him a little m

11、oney. 【即學(xué)活用】語法填空(1) _(work out) the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times. (2) _(learn) more about Chinese culture, Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course. To work outTo learn(3)He hurried to the station only _(find) the train had left.

12、(4)(2018全國(guó)卷)We travel on Day 2 to northern France _(visit) the World War battlefields. (5)(2018全國(guó)卷) When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad _(find) them alive. to findto visitto find(6)(2018全國(guó)卷) Join us _(taste) a variety of fresh local food and drinks. to taste(1)選出不定式作目的狀語的句

13、子We must do everything we can to help them.He left，never to return.To do a good job，we must have the right tools.We jumped with joy to hear the news.She was too young to understand all that.She studied very hard to get high grades.Many farmers fertilize their crops in order to make them grow more qu

14、ickly.We plant trees every year so as to protect the soil on the hill._，Step 3. Practice一句多譯我們將召開會(huì)議來討論這種不健康的生活方式。Well hold a meeting _ the unhealthy lifestyle.Well hold a meeting _ the unhealthy lifestyle.Well hold a meeting _ the unhealthy lifestyle._ the unhealthy lifestyle，well hold a meeting._ t

15、he unhealthy lifestyle，well hold a meeting.to discussin order to discussso as to discussIn order to discussTo discussStep 3. Practice同義句轉(zhuǎn)換We stayed in Beijing so that/in order that we could visit the Birds Nest.We stayed in Beijing _ the Birds Nest.We will do everything in order that/so that they can live happily.We will do everything _.Well hold a meeting f