2022-2023學(xué)年高一英語分層卷Unit 1 People of Achievement A卷·知識通關(guān)練（解析版）

1、選擇性必修 Book 1 Unit 1 People of AchievementA卷知識通關(guān)練一、詞匯與短語I.重點詞匯默寫.crucial a.至關(guān)重要的;關(guān)鍵性的malaria n. 瘧疾vital adj必不可少的;極其重要的;充滿生機的committed adj.盡心盡力的;堅定的;堅信的commit v.承諾;保證（某個人、機構(gòu)等）vi.忠于;全心全意投入commit oneself o do承諾乂呆證（做某事、遵守協(xié)議或安排等academic adj.學(xué)業(yè)的;學(xué)術(shù)的objective n.目標;目的adj.客觀的botanical adj.植物學(xué)的evaluate vt.評價;評

2、估property n.性質(zhì);特征;財產(chǎn)distinct adj.清晰的;清楚的;有區(qū)別的extract n.提取物;摘錄 vt.提取;提煉;摘錄;（用力）拔出obtain vt.（尤指經(jīng)努力）獲得;贏得vi.（規(guī)章、習俗等）存在;流行acknowledge vt.成認（屬實、權(quán)威等）;（公開）感謝defeat n.失敗;挫敗vt.擊敗;戰(zhàn)勝analyse v.分析apparently adv.顯而易見;看來;顯然insist vi.& vt.堅持;堅決要求II.拓展詞匯變形 mitted adj.盡心盡力的；堅定的；堅信的commit vt.承諾；保證（某個人、機構(gòu)等）vi.忠于；全心全 意

3、投入（工作、活動等）一commitment n.投入；承諾conclusion n.結(jié)論；推論-conclude v.下結(jié)論；得出結(jié)論acknowledge vt.成認（屬實、權(quán)威等）；（公開）感謝acknowledgment n.成認（屬實、權(quán)威等）；（公開）感 謝gentle adj.溫柔的；文靜的gently adv.溫柔地；溫和地31 vt.&vi.（使）沸騰；煮開；燒開n.沸騰；沸點-boiled adj.煮開的一boiling adj.沸騰的remarkable adj.非凡的；顯著的Tremarkably adv.驚人地remark v. &n.談?wù)摚辉u論consequence

4、n.結(jié)果；后果Tconsequent adj.隨之發(fā)生的；作為結(jié)果的consequently adv.結(jié)果；因此evaluate vt.評價；評估evaluation n.評價；評估apparently adv.顯而易見；看來；顯然apparent adj.顯而易見的；明顯的gradually adv.逐漸地；逐步地tgradual adj.逐漸的analyse vt.分析analyst n.分析師；分析家一 n.分析（pl.） analysesscientific adj.科學(xué)（上）的；關(guān)于科學(xué)的scientifically adv.合乎木耳學(xué)地一science ru 科學(xué)scientist

5、 n.科 學(xué)家vital adj.必不可少的；極其重要的；充滿生機的一 adv.極其theory n.理論；學(xué)說theoretical adi.理論上的novelist n.小說家novel n.（長篇）小說politician n.從政者；政治家；政客politics n.政治political adj.與政治有關(guān)的relativity n.相對論；相對性relative adj.相對的n.親戚relate v.表達；使有聯(lián)系；有關(guān)聯(lián)infer vt推斷；推定inference n.推斷；推論T/inferred/inferring （過去式/過去分詞/現(xiàn)在分詞）passion n.酷愛；激

6、情一passionate adj.熱情的；狂熱的academy n.（藝術(shù)、文學(xué)、科學(xué)等的）研究院;學(xué)會;?？圃盒cademic adj.學(xué)業(yè)的；學(xué)術(shù)的academically adv.學(xué)業(yè)上；學(xué)術(shù)上botanical adj.植物學(xué)的botany n.植物學(xué)objective n.目標；目的 adj.客觀的object n.物體 v.反對7（反）subjective adj.主觀的distinct adj.清晰的；清楚的；有區(qū)別的distinctive adj.獨特的；特別的；有特色的distinction n.清 楚；清晰IIL核心短語互譯.make a discovery 做 出發(fā)現(xiàn).

7、pay attention to注意;重視.form a better impression of形成更好的印象.be awarded to sb. 被授予給ead to導(dǎo)致；通向.hundreds of thousands of幾十萬； 無數(shù).millions of成千上萬的；無數(shù)的.die from 死于； 因而死.become a vital part of成為的重要組成局部.graduate from從畢業(yè).form a team of 組成的團隊.with the objective of (doing)以(做)為目的.in the beginning 開始，開端；起初14.beco

8、me the head of成為的首領(lǐng)/負責人15.in the fight against在與對抗/斗爭中16.suggest doing sth建議做某事.extract from從提取/摘錄.a collection of 一批;，一些.try doing sth嘗試做某事.get stuck進入僵局,被卡住.acknowledge defeat 成認失敗，服輸.by chance偶然；意外地.draw out 抽出，提取.insisted on doing sth堅持做某事.test the medicine on sb 在某人身上試驗這種藥.make sure 確信；證實.accor

9、ding to 根據(jù)，按照； 取決于； 據(jù)所說.team effort 團隊合作，團隊努力的結(jié)果.other than 除了 ； 不同于3O.relate to 涉及，有關(guān)IV.根據(jù)漢語提示用本單元詞匯的正確形式填空Faraday was the inventor (invent) of the electric generator and electric motor.Faradays father suffered from longtime health problems, as a result of which his family had little money to affor

10、d his formal schooling.But he was curious and determined to learn.While working(work) in London as a teenager, he had a chance to read various (vary) books that he could get his hands on.In 1812, he attended four lectures at the Royal Institution given by a famous chemist named Humphrey Davy.A year

11、later Faraday was accepted (accept) as Davys lab assistant.Davy also took Faraday on an 18month tour of Europe, where Faraday met some of the most famous scientists of the day.But for Davy, Faraday would have lost (lose) the opportunity to gain a complete scientific education.He soon began to do exp

12、eriments (experiment) with electricity.In 1831, he discovered electromagnetic induction.And for the next eight years Faraday worked long hours in the lab, which did harm to his health.By the end of the decade he was in such poor health that his research did not begin again until 1845.In the mid 1850

13、s, he was forced to retire and he lived at Hampton Court until his death on August 25,1867.二、句式與篇章I.教材原句補全In 1967, the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers chosen.1967年，中國政府成立了一支科學(xué)家

14、團隊，旨在發(fā)現(xiàn)新型抗瘧疾療法，屠呦呦入選首批研究人員。From their research, they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against malaria.通過研究，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)并測試了 380種不同的有望戰(zhàn)勝瘧疾的古代中醫(yī)療法。They then tried boiling fresh wormwood, and using the liquid obtained from this to treat mala

15、ria, but this did not work either. Their project got stuck. However, Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat.之后他們嘗試水煎新鮮青蒿葉，用熬出的液體治療瘧疾，但是依舊無效。他們的工程陷入了僵局。然而, 屠呦呦并不認輸。According to Tu Youyou, the discovery of artemisinin was a team effort. Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said,

16、 “The honor is not just mine. There is a team behind me, and all the people of my country. This success proves the great value of traditional Chinese medicine. It is iodned an honor for Chinas scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.據(jù)屠呦呦所說，青蒿素的發(fā)現(xiàn)式團隊共同努力的結(jié)果。獲悉自己被授予諾貝爾獎時

17、，她說：“這份榮譽不 僅僅屬于我。我的身后是一個團隊以及全國人民。這項成功印證了傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)藥的巨大價值。中國的科學(xué)研 究和中醫(yī)藥得以在全世界傳播確實是一個榮譽?！盜I.單句語法填空It occurred to me that I could ask my cousin to help me obtain（獲得）a visa.She acknowledged（成認）having been cheated in the market.It is difficult to evaluate（評估）the damage to this village.He sits down and analyses（

18、分析）why she feels so upset.He paused, apparently （顯然地）lost in thought staring at the book.She insists （堅持）that I go to the library with her.Although his wife is young, she has made wonderful scientific （科學(xué)的） discoveries.Reading is of vital （，必要的） importance in language learning.He cares about （關(guān)/心）no

19、body but himself in the trip to Qingdao.A group of thieves robbed the bank of millions of （百萬）dollars.Many people divd from （死于）cholera in Europe in the last century.One may make a mistake by chance （偶然）but one can t make mistakes all his life.I think it is unwise that the company insists on （堅持）the

20、 high price.She is committed to （專注于）the care of the patients. The discovery of new evidence led to the thief being caught （catch）.He was apparently （apparent）much surprised at the news.Our leader insisted that we（should） caery（carry） it out. Some of the people invited（invite） to the party couldn t

21、come.He learned the distinctions （distinct） between gold and lead.This material is very rare and is also hard to obtain （obtain）.The old man is more than our teacher； he s also our friend.Scientific, （science） research shows that women tend to survive their husbands by 5 - 10 years.Zhang Guimei, a c

22、ommitted educator, committed herself to education. Her commitment was praised by people.（commit）He acknowledged that Tom had helped him a lot so he wrote a letter in acknowledgement of his help.(acknowledge)As a child, he showed great interest in science and wanted to be a scientist. Now he is committed to doing scientific researches, (science)They concluded that the new virus is more dangerous. The scientific research suppo