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1、【緒論】法醫(yī)學(xué):Forensic medicine Legal medicine Medicine jurisprudence 法醫(yī)病理學(xué)(forensic pathology)法醫(yī)臨床學(xué)(forensic clinical medicine)法醫(yī)物證學(xué)(science of medicolegal physical)法醫(yī)毒理學(xué)(forensic toxicology)法醫(yī)毒物分析(forensic toxicological analysis)法醫(yī)人類學(xué)(forensic anthropology)法醫(yī)精神病學(xué)(forensic psychiatry)法科學(xué):Forensic science

2、(legal)【死亡學(xué)】死亡 (death)程序性生理死亡(programmed)凋亡(apotosis)壞死(necrisis)死亡學(xué)(thanatalogy)法醫(yī)死亡學(xué)(forensic thanatalogy )Agonal stage 瀕死期腦死亡(brain death)植物人(vegetative patient)多器官功能衰竭(multiple organ failure ,MOF)超生反應(yīng)(supravital reaction)假死(apparent death)自殺死(suicide death)他殺死(homicide death)災(zāi)害事故死 (accidental de

3、ath)Contributing cause of death 輔助死因Conjunctive cause of death 聯(lián)合死因Clinical death stage 臨床死亡期Certification of death 死亡確認(rèn)Mechanism of death 死亡機(jī)制Manner of death 死亡方式Euthanasia 安樂死 Inductive cause of death 死亡原因 Immediate cause of death 直接原因 Underlying cause of death 間接原因 【尸體現(xiàn)象】尸體變化(postmortem change/ph

4、enomena)尸冷(algor motis)尸斑(livor mortis/hypostasis)Turbidity of cornea 角膜混沌Hypostasis 血液墜積 尸僵(rigor mortis)尸體痙攣(cadavericsspasm)肌肉松弛(muscular flaccidity)自溶(autolysis)Autodigestion 自身消化 侵軟(maceration)腐敗(putrefaction) Postmortem putrefacation干尸(木乃伊,mummy)尸臘(adipocere)parchrvent like transformation 皮革樣變

5、【機(jī)械性損傷】機(jī)械性損傷(mechanical injury)擦傷(abrasion) 表皮剝脫(scrapes)擦痕(graze)抓痕(scratch)壓痕(impression)挫傷(contusion)挫傷(contusion)銳器創(chuàng)(sharp instrument wound) 鈍器創(chuàng)(blunt instrument wound) 槍彈創(chuàng)(gunshot wound) 挫裂創(chuàng)(laceration)撕裂創(chuàng)(tearing)骨折(fracture)內(nèi)臟破裂(rupture of viscera)肢體離斷(amputation)神經(jīng)源性休克(neurogenic shook)震蕩傷(c

6、oncussive injury)切創(chuàng)(incisedwound)Genetic marker 試切創(chuàng)砍創(chuàng)(chop wound)抵抗傷(defence wound)刺創(chuàng)(stab wound)剪創(chuàng)(scissoring wound)徒手傷(bare-hands injury)咬傷(bite wound)棍棒傷(stick injury)磚石傷(brick or stone injury)斧錘傷(axe-hammer injury)組織間橋(tissue bridge)高墜傷(injury by falling)火器傷(firearm injury)射入口(entrance bullet wo

7、und)挫傷輪(contusion collar)擦拭輪(abrasion collar) 污垢輪(grease ring) 射擊殘留物(shot residue) 火藥顆粒(smudging)煙暈(smudging)槍口印痕(muzzle imprint)火藥斑紋 / 燒灼痕(powder tattoing)射創(chuàng)管(bullet wound track)射出口(exit bullet wound)霰彈創(chuàng)(shotgun wound)爆炸傷(explosion injury)致命傷(fatal injury)絕對(duì)致命傷(absolute injury)條件致命傷(conditional inj

8、ury)損傷時(shí)間推斷(dating of wound)生前傷(antemortem injuries)生活反應(yīng)(vital reaction)死后傷(postmortem injuries)顱腦損傷(head injuries)頭皮擦傷(abrasion of the scalp)頭皮挫傷(bruising of the scalp)頭皮裂創(chuàng)(laceration of the scalp)硬腦膜外出血(extradural hemorrhage)硬腦膜下出血(subdural hemorrhage)蛛網(wǎng)膜下腔出血(subarachnoid hemorrhage)外傷性腦出血(traumati

9、c cerebral hemorrhage)腦損傷(brain injury)腦挫傷(brain contusion)彌漫性軸索損傷(diffuse axonal injury,DAI)沖擊性腦挫傷(coup contusion)對(duì)沖性腦挫傷(contrecoup contusion)交通事故損傷(transportation injury)交通損傷(traffic injuries)道路交通事故損傷(road traffic accident injury)鐵路運(yùn)輸事故損傷(railway accident injury)撞擊傷(impact injury)摔跌傷(injury sustai

10、ned by falling)碾壓傷(run-over injury)伸展創(chuàng)(extension wound)拖擦傷(haul abrasion) 碰撞傷(impact injury)揮鞭樣損傷(whiplash injury)保險(xiǎn)帶損傷(seatbelt injury)燒傷(burn)燙傷(scald)凍傷(frostbite)凍傷(frostbite)電擊傷(electrical injury)電擊死(electrical death)電流斑(current mark)Crush injury 擠壓傷 Current mark 電流傷Child abuse 虐待兒童【機(jī)械性窒息】機(jī)械性窒息

11、(mechanical asphyxia )呼吸(respiration)窒息(asphyxia)Tardieu, s斑縊死(hanging)勒死(ligature strangulation) 扼死(manual strangulation) 掐死(throttling)捂死(smothering)哽死(choking)性窒息死(sexual asphyxia)溺死(drowning)硅藻(diatom)【猝死】猝死(sudden unexpected natural death)即時(shí)死(instantaneous death)冠心?。╟oronary heart disease)青壯年猝死

12、綜合征(Sudden manhood death syndrome,SMDS)嬰幼兒猝死綜合征(Sudden infant death syndrome,SIDS)Myocarditis 心肌炎【強(qiáng)奸與性犯罪】性犯罪(sexual offences)強(qiáng)奸(rape)猥褻(indecency)【法醫(yī)臨床學(xué)】損傷(injury)致命傷(Fatal injury)非致命傷(Nonfatal injury)重傷(Grave injury)輕傷(Flesh injury)輕微傷(Slight injury)詐傷(病)(Malingering or fictitious injuries or disea

13、se)造作傷(病)(Fabricated injuries or disease)【法醫(yī)精神病學(xué)】法醫(yī)精神病學(xué)(forensic psychiatry) 民事行為能力(civil capability)個(gè)人識(shí)別(personal identification)刑事責(zé)任能力(criminal capacity)【親權(quán)鑒定】親權(quán)鑒定(dispute parentage testing,parentage testing)血型(Blood group)父權(quán)指數(shù)(paternity index, PI)父權(quán)相對(duì)機(jī)會(huì)(Relative chance of paternity, RCP)【法醫(yī)物證學(xué)】法醫(yī)物證(Physical evidence)Blood stain 血痕【醫(yī)療糾紛】醫(yī)療糾紛(medical tangle)醫(yī)療事故(medical negligence)【中毒與藥物濫用】毒理學(xué)(Toxicology )法醫(yī)毒理學(xué)(F

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