2022年高二英語暑假作業(yè)5 選擇性必修第四冊(cè) Unit 3-4

1、暑假作業(yè)5 選擇性必修第四冊(cè) Unit 34一、單詞拼寫1. People a _ for the firemans bravery in his speech.2. People had lost their homes and all their p_ in the earthquake. 3. What the manager is seeking is a p_ guide to the royal gardens. 4. A m_ has escaped from prison, so a nationwide search for him is under way. 5. He s

2、ent me a m_ of congratulation, congratulating me on the good result I gained.6. The proposal he put forward at the press conference d_ to be considered. 7. The weather forecast is not good so we are taking two large p_ of warm clothes with us. 8. The manager c_ with the board before firing the new e

3、mployee. 9. The captain sailed his ship through the narrow _(航道). 10. It is reported that the police have _(逮捕) the suspect of the accident. 11. My _(對(duì)手) was the same age and height as myself. 12. If you talk to your children as if they were adults, you will strengthen the _(關(guān)系). 13. Ive looked thro

4、ugh all my papers but I still cant find the _(合同). 14. The minister said no one shall have the _(特權(quán)) of transcending the law. 15. He was late for the important meeting, for he was caught in the traffic _(堵塞). 二、單句語法填空1. Not only do these pyramids have mystic qualities, but they are truly a site to _

5、(behold).2. For fear of being laughed at, he has decided to withdraw _ the competition. 3. The drug _(withdraw) from sale after a number of people suffered serious side effects.4. James knew there was no room for _(negotiate), and he tried to close his eyes，mind blank. 5. The highway _(extend) all t

6、he way to the horizon leads us to that beautiful coastal town. 6. She felt a strange _(mix) of excitement and fear that she never had before. 7. After he won the amateur championship he turned _(profession).8. With this information _ hand, you will be well equipped to advise others. 9. Modern method

7、s of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive _ (perform) consistently over a large area. 10. Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene declared she had no plans _（retire）from her 36-year-old business, 11. It took her three hours _

8、(repair) her bike.12. The man _(circulate) the fake news that 18 firefighters lost their lives in the explosion was arrested. 13. _(enjoy) the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones. 14. She forced herself_(be) polite to them. 15. I didnt mean to eat anythin

9、g but the ice cream looked so good that I couldnt help _(try) it.16. When we got a call _(say) she was shortlisted, we thought it was a joke. 17. The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle _(hear).18. But some students didnt want _(wear) the uniform. 19. Bamboo plants are a

10、ssociated with health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy _(care) for and make great presents. 20. （2020新課標(biāo)I卷語法填空）Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Change-4 _(find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.三、題型組合練閱讀理解The world can be a scary place when you re young

11、. It can be even scarier when you re a young little blue penguin(企鵝), the tiniest of the penguin species. Luckily, there are some humans willing to help. They stepped in to protect Billy, a blue penguin that appeared on a beach in Christchurch, New Zealand.Spotted on November 29 at the slipway at Mo

12、ncks Bay, near Sumner, in Christchurch, the little penguin immediately attracted a small crowd. Jeff Mein Smith saw the crowd while he was bicycling that afternoon, and he biked home to get his camera. When he returned to the scene, he found that the penguin had received a little sign, one that read

13、 “Hi, Im waiting for my mum to come back. DOC(Department of Conservation) knows Im here. Please leave me alone. Keep your dog away. Thanks, Billy the baby blue penguin.”Billy didnt move away from the sign. The DOC arrived later that afternoon to pick up Billy, though they were surprised to see it on

14、 the beach. “Its unusual for a blue penguin to be out in the open on the beach during the day,” Anita Spencer, a DOC senior ranger, told Stuff.Billy was taken to the Christchurch Penguin Rehabilitation Center after being retrieved from the beach. Volunteers believe the bird may actually be a female

15、penguin, and is around 2 months old. The chick weighs a mere 550 grams, less than a standard basketball. A blue penguin should weigh around 900 grams at this age. Most little penguins grow up to weigh 1 kilogram.The center will help the little penguin gain some weight by feeding it fish juice, befor

16、e its set free into the ocean.1. Why can the world be frightening to a young penguin?A. It is a rare species.B. It faces potential danger.C. It is surrounded by the crowd.D. It is threatened by dogs.2. It can be inferred from the text that Billy _.A. is a male penguinB. has expressed its thanksC. we

17、ighs less for its ageD. prefers living on the beach3. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “retrieved” in Paragraph 4?A. Ignored.B. Cured.C. Given away.D. Brought back.4. What will happen to Billy in the center?A. It will be reported to Stuff.B. It will be visited by the locals.C.

18、It will be taken good care of.D. It will be fed with fruit juice.七選五You know that eating healthy, staying active, and solving a few brain games can help keep your memory. But the following lesser-known habits work wonders too.1. _1_ When we sit with our shoulders bent forward, this defeated position

19、 actually causes us to feel anxious or depressed which makes it harder to think clearly and remember things. Conversely (反過來), straight upright posture apparently improves memory because it boosts blood and oxygen flow to the brain.2. Exercise OnceHaving trouble remembering faces? _2_ In a study, pi

20、ctures of faces were shown to older folks after they pedal a stationary (靜止的) bike at an intense pace or simply sit on a self-pedaling bike. On average, people remembered the faces better after the intense exercise. Whats more, the memory gains after a single workout were similar to the gains after

21、3 months of regular exercise.3. Limit TVEvery parent and grandparent has heard that too much screen time can hurt a childs cognitive development. _3_ According to a study, people (aged 50 or older) who watched more than 3.5 hours of TV a day for 6 years experienced a greater drop in verbal memory te

22、st scores than those who watched less.4. Draw aimlesslyA research shows those who drew the words remembered the most when recalling words. Thats because while some parts of the brain about getting memory back become worse as people grow older, the picture processing regions usually dont. _4_5. Walk

23、Backward_5_ Walk back! Backward motion whether real, imagined, or watched helps people remember the information better than sitting still and, in most cases, better than forward motion. It may be that moving backward in space mentally helps us move back in time to the moment we learned something.A.

24、Sit Tall.B. Stand Straight.C. Start more workouts.D. Sweat for physical training.E. Thus sketching can help adults keep their memory sharp.F. But what about those at the other end of their life span?G. Next time youre trying to recall something, dont just think back.應(yīng)用文寫作假定你是李華，你校即將舉辦“英文讀書月”活動(dòng)閱讀并寫讀書

25、筆記。請(qǐng)你給外教Alex寫一封郵件求助，內(nèi)容包括：1. 介紹活動(dòng)內(nèi)容；2. 請(qǐng)他推薦英文書；3. 請(qǐng)教如何寫讀書筆記。注意：1. 寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2. 請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Dear Alex,Im writing to ask for your help. _Yours,Li Hua答案與解析一、單詞拼寫【答案】1. applauded 2. possessions 3. professional 4. murderer 5. mail 6. deserves 7. parcels 8. consulted 9. channel 10. arrested 11. oppo

26、nent 12. bonds 13. contract 14. privilege 15. jam【解析】1. 考查動(dòng)詞。句意：在演講中人們?yōu)橄绬T的勇敢鼓掌。句子敘述的是過去發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)；根據(jù)句意和所給首字母，應(yīng)是動(dòng)詞applaud；故填applauded。2. 考查名詞。句意：人們?cè)诘卣鹬惺チ思覉@和所有的財(cái)產(chǎn)。空格處作lost的賓語，且與homes并列，故空格處填名詞復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)漢語提示，故填possessions。3. 考查形容詞。句意：經(jīng)理要找的是皇家花園的專業(yè)向?qū)?。分析句子，該空需要填一個(gè)形容詞作定語修飾名詞guide，結(jié)合句意及首字母p，形容詞professional

27、 符合題意。故填professional。4. 考查名詞。句意：一名殺人犯越獄了，因此正在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)搜捕他。根據(jù)語意、首字母提示及“A”可知設(shè)空處應(yīng)填名詞單數(shù)murderer，作主句的主語。故填murderer。5. 考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：他給我發(fā)了一封賀信，祝賀我取得了好成績(jī)。a m_ of congratulation是名詞所有格，結(jié)合不定冠詞a和首字母提示可知，用名詞mail的單數(shù)形式。故填mail。6. 考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：他在記者招待會(huì)上提出的建議值得考慮。定語從句he put forward at the press conference是修飾主語The proposal的，此處缺乏謂語

28、，由句意可知，講現(xiàn)在的事情，時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語The proposal是單數(shù)，謂語也用單數(shù)形式，動(dòng)詞deserve（值得）符合句意。故填deserves。7. 考查名詞。句意：天氣預(yù)報(bào)說天氣不好，所以我們帶了兩大包保暖的衣服。根據(jù)單詞首字母以及句意“包，包裹”，可知應(yīng)填名詞parcel，作賓語，由two修飾應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。故填parcels。8. 考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：經(jīng)理在解雇新雇員之前與董事會(huì)商議過。分析句子可知，設(shè)空處為謂語，根據(jù)語境，描述過去事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)，根據(jù)句意和首字母提示，故填consulted。9. 考查名詞。句意：船長(zhǎng)駕船穿過狹窄的航道。分析句子可知，設(shè)空處為介詞throu

29、gh的賓語，應(yīng)用名詞，根據(jù)漢語提示，故填channel。10. 考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。句意：據(jù)報(bào)道，警察已經(jīng)逮捕了事故的嫌疑犯。由空格前的have和語境可知此處是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故空格處填過去分詞。根據(jù)漢語提示可知填arrested。11. 考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：我的對(duì)手和我一樣大，一樣高。結(jié)合謂語was可知，此處用單數(shù)名詞opponent（對(duì)手）作主語。故填opponent。12. 考查名詞。句意：如果你像對(duì)待成年人一樣和孩子們說話，你會(huì)加強(qiáng)和他們之間的聯(lián)系。根據(jù)語意“關(guān)系”及“the”可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)填名詞?！瓣P(guān)系”在此處體現(xiàn)復(fù)數(shù)概念。故填bonds。13. 考查名詞。句意：我已經(jīng)翻遍了所有的文件，但還

30、是找不到那份合同。在定冠詞the后應(yīng)是名詞形式；根據(jù)句意和所給漢語提示，應(yīng)是名詞contract。故填contract。14. 考查名詞。句意：部長(zhǎng)說任何人都不能有超越法律的特權(quán)?？崭裉幾鱤ave的賓語，且前有冠詞the，故空格處填名詞。根據(jù)漢語提示，可知填privilege。15. 考查名詞。句意：他參加重要會(huì)議遲到了，因?yàn)榻煌ǘ氯?。介詞in后用名詞短語traffic jam（交通阻塞）作賓語。故填jam。二、單句語法填空【答案】1. be beheld 2. from 3. was withdrawn 4. negotiation 5. extending 6. mixture 7. p

31、rofessional 8. in 9. to perform 10. to retire 11. to repair 12. circulating 13. To enjoy 14. to be 15. trying 16. saying 17. to be heard 18. to wear 19. to care 20. to find【解析】1. 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：這些金字塔不僅有神秘的特質(zhì)，而且是真正值得觀賞的景點(diǎn)。分析句子可知，設(shè)空處在句中作定語，修飾名詞a site，表示“一個(gè)值得看的景點(diǎn)”，動(dòng)作還未發(fā)生。所以要用不定式，表示未來的動(dòng)作。因?yàn)閟ite和behold看之間是被動(dòng)

32、關(guān)系，“景點(diǎn)被看”，所以應(yīng)該試圖用不定式的被動(dòng)，結(jié)合空白前的to，故填be beheld。2. 考查介詞。句意：因?yàn)楹ε卤怀靶?，他決定退出比賽。根據(jù)句意可知，withdraw _ the competition. 意為從比賽中退出，空處缺少介詞“從”，故填from。3. 考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：在一些人出現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重的副作用后，這種藥物被停止銷售?？瞻滋幵诰渲袨橹^語，根據(jù)句中after引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中suffered可知主句的時(shí)態(tài)和從句時(shí)態(tài)要一致，用一般過去時(shí)；句子主語the drug和動(dòng)詞withdraw為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填was withdrawn。4. 考查名詞。句意：詹姆斯知道

33、沒有談判的余地，他試圖閉上眼睛，腦子里一片空白。根據(jù)設(shè)空前的介詞for可知此處要用名詞作賓語。故填negotiation。5. 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：一直延伸到地平線的高速公路，把我們帶到了那個(gè)美麗的海濱小鎮(zhèn)。分析可知，_(extend) all the way to the horizon 在句中為后置定語，修飾名詞the highway，highway與extend為主謂關(guān)系，所以此處要用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故填extending。6. 考查名詞。句意：她感到一種前所未有的興奮和恐懼的奇怪的混合。根據(jù)設(shè)空前形容詞strange，可知此處要用名詞。故填mixture。7. 考查名詞。句意：在他贏得

34、業(yè)余冠軍后，他成為了職業(yè)選手。根據(jù)設(shè)空前連系動(dòng)詞turned，可知此處要用名詞作表語。故填professional。8. 考查介詞。句意：掌握這些信息，你就能很好地給別人提供建議。根據(jù)句意可知，空處與hand組成短語意為擁有，in hand意為在掌握中，在手中。符合句意。故填in。9. 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：跟蹤北極熊的現(xiàn)代方法只是在二十世紀(jì)八十年代以來開始采用，并且在如此大區(qū)域內(nèi)持續(xù)采用是昂貴的。主系表結(jié)構(gòu)之后，常用不定式作原因或目的狀語，故此處用to perform。故填to perform。10. 考查不定式作后置定語。句意：自豪的艾琳在領(lǐng)取“終身成就獎(jiǎng)”時(shí)說她沒有從她36年的事業(yè)中退休

35、的打算。分析可知“retire(退休)”是“去做、將要做”的事，故用不定式作定語修飾前面的名詞plans，構(gòu)成“have plan to do”這一結(jié)構(gòu)。故填to retire。11. 考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：她花了三個(gè)小時(shí)修理她的自行車。分析可知，It takes sb. some time to do sth.花費(fèi)某人時(shí)間做某事，為固定搭配。故填to repair。12. 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：傳播18名消防員在爆炸中喪生的假消息的男子被捕。動(dòng)詞circulate意為“散布，傳播”，根據(jù)circulate和邏輯主語The man之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故要用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語修飾The man。故填ci

36、rculating。13. 考查不定式做目的狀語。句意：為了享受數(shù)字支付的便利，許多老年人開始使用智能手機(jī)。分析結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語。故填To enjoy。14. 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：她強(qiáng)迫自己對(duì)他們有禮貌。固定短語force sb. to do sth.，意為“強(qiáng)迫某人做某事”，故填to be。15. 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：我本不想吃任何東西，但冰激凌看起來太好吃了，我忍不住試了一下。固定短語mean to do sth.打算做某事；cant help doing sth.忍不住做某事。結(jié)合設(shè)空前cant help，故填trying。16. 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：當(dāng)我們接到

37、電話說她進(jìn)入候選人名單的時(shí)候，我們都認(rèn)為這是個(gè)玩笑。根據(jù)空白后所接的賓語從句可知，此處用現(xiàn)在分詞形式saying作后置定語，解釋名詞call的內(nèi)容，call與say是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填saying。17. 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：孩子們?cè)陲堊郎洗舐曊f話，我不得不努力讓別人聽見。固定搭配struggle to do sth.“努力做某事”，主語I 和動(dòng)詞hear是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系（被動(dòng)關(guān)系），此處hear用動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)式（to be done）。故填to be heard。18. 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：但是，有一些學(xué)生不想穿學(xué)生服。want to do sth想要做某事，這是want的固定用法。故

38、填to wear。19. 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：竹子與健康、富足和幸福的家庭聯(lián)系在一起。它們很容易照顧，也是很好的禮物。此處為固定句型：主語+ be+ adj.+ to do，be easy to care for“容易照顧”。根據(jù)句意，故填to care。20. 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：中國(guó)的研究者希望使用嫦娥四號(hào)上的設(shè)備來發(fā)現(xiàn)和研究南極艾特肯盆地。此處表示目的，應(yīng)使用不定式作目的狀語。故填to find。三、題型組合練閱讀理解【答案】1-4 BCDC【解析】本文為記敘文。本文主要講解了一只小藍(lán)企鵝在人們的幫助下最終獲救的故事。1. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“When he returned t

39、o the scene, he found that the penguin had received a little sign, one that read “Hi, Im waiting for my mum to come back.DOC(Department of Conservation) knows Im here. Please leave me alone. Keep your dog away. Thanks, Billy the baby blue penguin.”（當(dāng)他回到現(xiàn)場(chǎng)時(shí)，他發(fā)現(xiàn)企鵝收到了一個(gè)小牌子，上面寫著“嗨，我在等我媽媽回來。環(huán)境保護(hù)部知道我在這里。請(qǐng)

40、不要打擾我。讓你的狗走開。謝謝你，藍(lán)色小企鵝比利”）”可知，有人在小藍(lán)企鵝身旁豎了一個(gè)牌子，警示人們不要打擾它，不要讓狗靠近它。由此可推知，對(duì)于小藍(lán)企鵝來說這個(gè)世界是可怕的，因?yàn)樗媾R著潛在的危險(xiǎn)。故選B項(xiàng)。2. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“The chick weighs a mere 550 grams, less than a standard basketball. A blue penguin should weigh around 900 grams at this age.（小企鵝體重只有550克，比一個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的籃球還輕。在這個(gè)年齡，一只藍(lán)色的企鵝體重應(yīng)該在900克左右）”由此可推知，

41、小藍(lán)企鵝的體重低于他這個(gè)年齡的企鵝。故選C項(xiàng)。3. 詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段“Billy was taken to the Christchurch Penguin Rehabilitation Center after being retrieved from the beach.（比利從海灘上獲救后，被送到了克賴斯特徹奇企鵝康復(fù)中心）”可知，小藍(lán)企鵝是從沙灘上被帶到克賴斯特徹奇企鵝康復(fù)中心的，故retrieved意為“帶回”。故選D項(xiàng)。4. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“The center will help the little penguin gain some weight by fee

42、ding it fish juice, before its set free into the ocean.（在這只小藍(lán)企鵝被放生到海里之前，康復(fù)中心會(huì)通過喂它魚汁來幫助它增重）”可推知，小藍(lán)企鵝在康復(fù)中心得到很好的照顧。故選C項(xiàng)。七選五【答案】1-5 ADFEG【解析】本文是說明文。文章講述了保持大腦記憶功能的一些方法。1. 考查段落標(biāo)題。根據(jù)段落內(nèi)容“當(dāng)我們向前彎曲坐著時(shí)，這種姿勢(shì)實(shí)際上會(huì)使我們感到焦慮或沮喪，這使得清晰思考和記住事情變得更加困難。相反，坐正的姿勢(shì)顯然可以改善記憶力，因?yàn)樗梢源龠M(jìn)血液和氧氣流向大腦”?？芍?，A項(xiàng)（坐正。）能夠概括本段內(nèi)容。該選項(xiàng)中的sit一詞在第二段中出

43、現(xiàn)了，該段中的straight upright指的是坐姿要“端正”。故選A項(xiàng)。2. 考查段中句。根據(jù)空前“Having trouble remembering faces?（難以記住面孔嗎？）”和空后“In a study, pictures of faces were shown to older folks after they pedal a stationary (靜止的) bike at an intense pace or simply sit on a self-pedaling bike. On average, people remembered the faces bett

44、er after the intense exercise. Whats more, the memory gains after a single workout were similar to the gains after 3 months of regular exercise.（在一項(xiàng)研究中，人臉的照片展示給以劇烈的速度踩踏靜止的自行車或只是坐在自動(dòng)踏板自行車上運(yùn)動(dòng)之后的老年人。一般來講，劇烈運(yùn)動(dòng)后人們對(duì)面部的記憶更好。而且，一次劇烈鍛煉后對(duì)保持記憶力的好處與定期鍛煉三個(gè)月后的效果是相似的。）”可知，D項(xiàng)（在進(jìn)行體育鍛煉時(shí)要出汗。）能夠承接上文并且與下文連接通順。該選項(xiàng)是對(duì)前面問題的

45、回答，通過鍛煉可以使保持記憶力，空格后是在講一個(gè)具體的鍛煉方法及它所帶來的好處，D項(xiàng)的physical training與本段的regular exercise是相關(guān)表達(dá)。故選D項(xiàng)。3. 考查段中句。根據(jù)空前“Every parent and grandparent has heard that too much screen time can hurt a childs cognitive development.（每個(gè)家長(zhǎng)和祖父母都聽說過對(duì)著熒幕時(shí)間過久會(huì)傷害孩子的認(rèn)知發(fā)展。）”和空后“According to a study, people (aged 50 or older) who

46、watched more than 3.5 hours of TV a day for 6 years experienced a greater drop in verbal memory test scores than those who watched less.（根據(jù)一項(xiàng)研究，年齡在50歲以上的人每天觀看電視超過3.5個(gè)小時(shí)，如持續(xù)6年，其語言記憶力測(cè)試成績(jī)的下降幅度要比收看較少的人更高。）”可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)（那年齡較大的人呢？）能夠承接上文并且與下文連接通順。該選項(xiàng)中的“those at the other end of their life span”指的是空格后的people (ag

47、ed 50 or older)。故選F項(xiàng)。4. 考查段尾句。根據(jù)空前“A research shows those who drew the words remembered the most when recalling words. Thats because while some parts of the brain about getting memory back become worse as people grow older, the picture processing regions usually dont.（一項(xiàng)研究表明，那些畫字詞的人對(duì)單詞的記憶最深。那是因?yàn)殡S著人們

48、年紀(jì)變大，大腦的某些部位的記憶功能變得更糟，而負(fù)責(zé)圖片處理的大腦區(qū)域通常不會(huì)。）”可知，E項(xiàng)（因此，畫字詞可以幫助成年人保持清晰的記憶。）能夠承接上文。該選項(xiàng)中的sketching與第五段的標(biāo)題draw及該段中的drew是同義詞，即描繪。故選E項(xiàng)。5. 考查段首句。根據(jù)空后“Walk back! Backward motion helps people remember the information better than sitting still and, in most cases, better than forward motion.（向后走！向后運(yùn)動(dòng)比起靜止不動(dòng)并且在大多數(shù)情況下

49、比向前運(yùn)動(dòng)更能幫助人們記住信息。）”可知，G項(xiàng)（下次您想回憶某件事時(shí)，不要只是通過大腦來回憶。）能夠與下文連接通順。該選項(xiàng)中的back在空格后的句子中出現(xiàn)了。故選G項(xiàng)。應(yīng)用文寫作【答案】Dear Alex,Im writing to ask for your help. Our school is planning to hold an event called English Reading Month, in which we are required to read an English book and take notes. I hope you can recommend an English book to me. Considering Im not an advanced English learner, the book needs to be suitable for my level.