汽車(chē)轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)的歷史外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯、中英文翻譯、外文翻譯

1、 汽車(chē)轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)的歷史汽車(chē)轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)在車(chē)輛系統(tǒng)中是最基礎(chǔ)的系統(tǒng)，駕駛員通過(guò)方向盤(pán)操縱和控制汽車(chē)的行駛方向，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)了他的行駛意圖。100多年里，汽車(chē)行業(yè)中機(jī)械和電子技術(shù)的發(fā)展。如今，汽車(chē)已經(jīng)不是純粹的機(jī)械，它是機(jī)械、電子和其他材料等的綜合產(chǎn)品。汽車(chē)產(chǎn)業(yè)的轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展，經(jīng)過(guò)了漫長(zhǎng)的變革。傳統(tǒng)的轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)是機(jī)械轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)，汽車(chē)的方向盤(pán)通過(guò)試點(diǎn)，通過(guò)這樣一系列的機(jī)械零件使方向盤(pán)實(shí)現(xiàn)偏轉(zhuǎn)，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)向的控制。由于在 20世紀(jì) 50年代，液壓助力轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)在汽車(chē)上的應(yīng)用，標(biāo)志著轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)又進(jìn)入一個(gè)新的開(kāi)始。汽車(chē)轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)力源從人力轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐簤褐D(zhuǎn)向。轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)增加了液壓助力器，高壓鈉燈（液壓助力轉(zhuǎn)向）是基于機(jī)械和

2、液壓系統(tǒng)。液壓系統(tǒng)和發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)，發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)開(kāi)始時(shí)一部分是汽車(chē)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的功率，另一部分的功率是液壓系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)能。由于其工作可靠，成熟的技術(shù)已被廣泛使用。轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)的主要特點(diǎn)是流體的壓力，減少駕駛員在方向盤(pán)的支持，提高了轉(zhuǎn)向燈和自動(dòng)運(yùn)行的穩(wěn)定性。但同時(shí)，也有一些液壓動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)的缺陷。針對(duì)汽車(chē)設(shè)計(jì)和制造，完成后的車(chē)輛轉(zhuǎn)向動(dòng)態(tài)特性無(wú)法改變。其直接后果是，在低功率時(shí)汽車(chē)的部分的動(dòng)力特性可以得到很好的發(fā)揮，但在高速期間有良好的方式來(lái)檢測(cè)，因?yàn)槭遣豢烧{(diào)整的動(dòng)力特性，沒(méi)有更好的方式驅(qū)動(dòng)，當(dāng)動(dòng)力學(xué)特征高功率時(shí)，而不是非常善于低段的效果好。如果沒(méi)有看準(zhǔn)車(chē)輛的液壓系統(tǒng)，還必須是發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)。因此，能源消耗提高燃油發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)，現(xiàn)有的液壓油

3、泄漏問(wèn)題不僅污染環(huán)境，容易到其他組件，針對(duì)氣溫低，液壓系統(tǒng)的性能較差。近年來(lái)，隨著電子技術(shù)的廣泛應(yīng)用，轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)也越來(lái)越多地使用電子設(shè)備。變成電子控制系統(tǒng)，因此，相應(yīng)的出現(xiàn)了電動(dòng)助力轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)。電液動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)向可以分為兩大類(lèi)：電動(dòng)液壓轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)（電液壓動(dòng)力 - EHPS）和電動(dòng)液壓轉(zhuǎn)向，電控 ECHPS轉(zhuǎn)向（液壓助力轉(zhuǎn)向）。電動(dòng)液壓助力轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)是在液壓系統(tǒng)的液壓助力系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)上，不同的是，在液壓系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力源的電動(dòng)液壓動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)，但不是由汽車(chē)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)液壓系統(tǒng)，節(jié)約能源和減少發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的燃料消耗。電動(dòng)液壓轉(zhuǎn)向是發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)是在傳統(tǒng)的液壓助力系統(tǒng)，不同的是，電動(dòng)液壓助力轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)是電子控制裝置的增加。電子控制

4、單元根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)向速率，高速自動(dòng)液壓系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行參數(shù)，在不同速度的液壓助力的大小從而實(shí)現(xiàn)變化動(dòng)態(tài)1 特性。但在電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)的液壓系統(tǒng)，反過(guò)來(lái)，電機(jī)可以停止轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，從而降低能源消耗。雖然電液動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)、液壓轉(zhuǎn)向，克服了缺點(diǎn)。但由于液壓系統(tǒng)的存在，它存在液壓油泄漏問(wèn)題和電動(dòng)助力轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)，使電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)更復(fù)雜的成本和可靠性。為了避免電動(dòng)液壓轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)，電動(dòng)助力轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)的電力轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)（ EPS）現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)。它與各種助力轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)，電動(dòng)助力轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)最大的區(qū)別在于有沒(méi)有液壓系統(tǒng)。液壓助力轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)由電機(jī)產(chǎn)生的。一般電力轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)由扭矩傳感器和微處理器，電機(jī)等的基本原理是：當(dāng)駕駛員轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)方向盤(pán)傳動(dòng)軸旋轉(zhuǎn)，安裝旋轉(zhuǎn)軸扭矩傳感器和

5、扭矩信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)換成電信號(hào)微處理器，微處理器的速度和扭矩信號(hào)的其他車(chē)輛的運(yùn)行參數(shù)的基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)設(shè)定的程序，在處理權(quán)力電機(jī)助力的方向和大小的助推器。自 1988 年以來(lái)，首次在日本鈴木 Cervo 的汽車(chē)裝備轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)，動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)被廣泛認(rèn)可的人。轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)主要體現(xiàn)在以下幾個(gè)方面：動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)可以提供不同的速度下的動(dòng)態(tài)特性的不同。在低的道路，轉(zhuǎn)向增加更多的光線(xiàn)，減少在高速轉(zhuǎn)向，甚至為了改善道路增加受潮。動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)僅在轉(zhuǎn)向電機(jī)工作，提供電源以減少能源消耗。由電池供電的電動(dòng)助力轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)電機(jī)，所以不能在發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)工作的工作條件下。電動(dòng)助力轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)液壓相比液壓助力系統(tǒng)和自動(dòng)裝配系統(tǒng)，不應(yīng)該。和電動(dòng)助力轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)，可以

6、改變的助推器方案的微處理器算法，簡(jiǎn)單的動(dòng)態(tài)特性的變化?？茖W(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展正在改變傳統(tǒng)的轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)，轉(zhuǎn)向控制（四輪轉(zhuǎn)向），打開(kāi)傳導(dǎo)機(jī)制。但是，思想的火花總能帶來(lái)意外的驚喜！電子轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng) SBW 的督導(dǎo)（線(xiàn)），改變微控制器的三個(gè)最傳統(tǒng)的概念，它被替換的轉(zhuǎn)向傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)，分為兩部分的三個(gè)最。電子助力轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)，是技術(shù)最先進(jìn)的汽車(chē)轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)。它主要由轉(zhuǎn)向控制模塊，執(zhí)行模塊和微控制器三個(gè)模塊。轉(zhuǎn)向控制模塊的主要功能以扭矩的驅(qū)動(dòng)程序的意圖傳感器檢測(cè)，并以檢測(cè)巴士信號(hào)（包括旋轉(zhuǎn)方向和轉(zhuǎn)速等）微控制器，微控制器的信號(hào)的基礎(chǔ)上，和速度反饋控制模塊是方向盤(pán)的司機(jī)，可以感受到道路。但是，這是方式是虛擬的發(fā)展，根據(jù)測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù)的集成形

7、成了“經(jīng)驗(yàn)”，并在微控制器的形式固化過(guò)程的方式。所以它的速度轉(zhuǎn)向扭矩率的大小和一些對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系。轉(zhuǎn)向角傳感器和執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)包括轉(zhuǎn)向電機(jī)，轉(zhuǎn)向電機(jī)控制器等，它的功能為基礎(chǔ)的微控制器上的控制命令，驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī)旋轉(zhuǎn)角度來(lái)執(zhí)行，完成行動(dòng)。此外，旋轉(zhuǎn)角度傳感器監(jiān)測(cè)和反饋，微控制器，形成一個(gè)完整的精確的閉環(huán)控制系統(tǒng)，轉(zhuǎn)向運(yùn)動(dòng)的大小。微控制器是電子助力轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)的核心。它接收信號(hào)檢測(cè)、處理、發(fā)送相應(yīng)的控制信號(hào)。由于微控制器更換轉(zhuǎn)向傳導(dǎo)機(jī)制，因此機(jī)械系統(tǒng)組件之間的連接減少了響應(yīng)的響應(yīng)2 速度和準(zhǔn)確性。傳輸控制軟件編程的任何設(shè)置和其他設(shè)備，如 ABS，自動(dòng)導(dǎo)航設(shè)備。傳輸機(jī)制減少汽車(chē)內(nèi)飾帶來(lái)了更大的空間，給更有趣的游樂(lè)設(shè)施。轉(zhuǎn)

8、向行為可以記錄并保存在軟件，可以幫助進(jìn)一步完善后轉(zhuǎn)向控制策略的 EEPROM，甚至可以提供交通事故證據(jù)。汽車(chē)的安全問(wèn)題一直是公眾關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)和照明系統(tǒng)可以提供更好的安全性在夜間交通。頁(yè)上面顯示，傳統(tǒng)的照明系統(tǒng)是前線(xiàn)的照射下，車(chē)輛和行人在角落的車(chē)輛，如果司機(jī)將很難找到在角落里，行人的交通意外。如果照明系統(tǒng)與轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)相結(jié)合，如上圖，當(dāng)司機(jī)在方向盤(pán)角度的權(quán)利有權(quán)改變輕，更廣泛的照明反過(guò)來(lái)，照明以便在更廣泛的行人路的拐角處，很容易被發(fā)現(xiàn)。目前的照明技術(shù)，在中檔雪鐵龍凱旋、豐田佳美。目前，電子助力轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)的可靠性和成本，阻礙了發(fā)展。如果微控制器的主要問(wèn)題表現(xiàn)，轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)將徹底失敗，其不喜歡的電動(dòng)助

9、力轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)和電動(dòng)液壓助力轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)的電機(jī)或液壓系統(tǒng)，也可出現(xiàn)與人類(lèi)的問(wèn)題時(shí)，以控制汽車(chē)。微控制器的電子助力轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)的故障，因?yàn)闆](méi)有機(jī)械系統(tǒng)可以連接到方向盤(pán)和轉(zhuǎn)向，因此無(wú)法控制汽車(chē)。但仍然是，盡管電子轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)是未來(lái)的發(fā)展方向。現(xiàn)代汽車(chē)轉(zhuǎn)向裝置的設(shè)計(jì)趨勢(shì)。1.1 自動(dòng)高速的需要從光操縱穩(wěn)定和安全的角度是汽車(chē)制造廣泛使用更先進(jìn)的技術(shù)，使用高剛性轉(zhuǎn)向齒輪比轉(zhuǎn)向?！氨群透邉傂?，是目前世界生產(chǎn)轉(zhuǎn)向結(jié)構(gòu)。充分考慮安全。1.2 可移植性汽車(chē)的速度增加，司機(jī)和乘客的安全，是非常重要的，在國(guó)內(nèi)和國(guó)外許多汽車(chē)已普遍增加能量吸收裝置，如安全督導(dǎo)帶，防止碰撞，安全氣囊等并逐步推廣。從人體工程學(xué)的角度來(lái)看，操縱光有逐漸采用

10、可調(diào)轉(zhuǎn)向柱和動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)。1.3 成本低，油耗低，專(zhuān)業(yè)化的生產(chǎn)數(shù)量隨著國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)，石油危機(jī)，經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退，汽車(chē)生產(chǎn)越來(lái)越重視經(jīng)濟(jì)，因此，設(shè)計(jì)成本低、油耗低、自動(dòng)生產(chǎn)線(xiàn)實(shí)現(xiàn)大規(guī)模專(zhuān)業(yè)化生產(chǎn)的合理化。零配件制造尤其是轉(zhuǎn)向器的生產(chǎn)更加突出。1.4 汽車(chē)轉(zhuǎn)向器設(shè)備的舵機(jī)裝置，汽車(chē)上的計(jì)算機(jī)的發(fā)展方式。現(xiàn)代汽車(chē)的轉(zhuǎn)向裝置的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)現(xiàn)代汽車(chē)的轉(zhuǎn)向裝置。2.1 使用動(dòng)態(tài)隨著汽車(chē)行業(yè)的快速發(fā)展，轉(zhuǎn)向裝置的結(jié)構(gòu)有很大的變化。從目前使用的流行的汽車(chē)轉(zhuǎn)向器結(jié)構(gòu)，主要產(chǎn)品有：有四種類(lèi)型的蠕蟲(chóng)肖（參考），蝸輪（WR 型），循環(huán)球式（BS 型）和齒條和小齒輪（RP）。這四個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)向器，已被廣泛用在公交車(chē)上。據(jù)了解，在全世界范圍

11、自動(dòng)循環(huán)球式轉(zhuǎn)向器 45，齒條和小齒輪轉(zhuǎn)向輪的 40左右，蝸桿舵機(jī)約為 10，5轉(zhuǎn)向其他類(lèi)型。球式轉(zhuǎn)向器一直穩(wěn)步發(fā)展，在歐洲乘客，齒條和小齒輪轉(zhuǎn)向有很大的發(fā)展。日本的特點(diǎn)是汽車(chē)轉(zhuǎn)向器循環(huán)球式轉(zhuǎn)向器的比例越來(lái)越大，不同類(lèi)型轉(zhuǎn)向器，總線(xiàn)循環(huán)球式轉(zhuǎn)向器已經(jīng)從20 世紀(jì) 60 年代使用的各型汽車(chē)發(fā)3 動(dòng)機(jī)，發(fā)展現(xiàn)代化的 62.5，100（蝸輪轉(zhuǎn)向齒輪組件，在公共汽車(chē)上已被淘汰。大型和小型貨車(chē)大都采用循環(huán)球式轉(zhuǎn)向器齒條和小齒輪轉(zhuǎn)向器，也有發(fā)展。圓形的微型客貨車(chē)球式轉(zhuǎn)向器 65，35的機(jī)架和小齒輪。產(chǎn)品品種的綜合運(yùn)用，得出以下結(jié)論：球式轉(zhuǎn)向器。流通齒條和小齒輪轉(zhuǎn)向齒輪組件，已成為世界上兩個(gè)主要的汽車(chē)轉(zhuǎn)向器

12、，蝸桿蝸輪式轉(zhuǎn)向器，舵機(jī)組件被淘汰或保留較小的地位。在舵機(jī)客運(yùn)的發(fā)展，不同的是，美國(guó)和日本重點(diǎn)發(fā)展循環(huán)球式轉(zhuǎn)向器，比率已達(dá)到或超過(guò) 90，西部大開(kāi)發(fā)的關(guān)鍵是機(jī)架和小齒輪轉(zhuǎn)向齒輪組件的比例，超過(guò)法國(guó) 50，有 95以上。齒輪齒條和小齒輪轉(zhuǎn)向組件的應(yīng)用程序（包括客運(yùn)和貨運(yùn)的旅行車(chē)或?。┑陌l(fā)展突飛猛進(jìn)，大型車(chē)輛循環(huán)球式轉(zhuǎn)向器的主要結(jié)構(gòu)的小型車(chē)的優(yōu)勢(shì)。2.2 周期球式轉(zhuǎn)向器流通的特點(diǎn)是：效率高，操作輕，順利控制力特性曲線(xiàn)，裝飾方便特別適用于大，中型車(chē)輛和動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)，易轉(zhuǎn)移的信號(hào)，高效率，返回良好的推力液壓助力裝置，以及行動(dòng)。實(shí)現(xiàn)的比例，滿(mǎn)足操縱可移植性的要求。中間位置迫使小，通常用于敏感，因此，在附

13、近的小的中間位置，以提高靈敏度比。大角度的位置，但使用電阻，所以更少大角度的位置，加快減少迫使。由于循環(huán)球式轉(zhuǎn)向器，可實(shí)現(xiàn)比例，越來(lái)越廣泛的應(yīng)用。通過(guò)大量的鋼材軋制，聯(lián)系提供強(qiáng)制有實(shí)力和良好的耐磨性和舵機(jī)可以設(shè)計(jì)等，是機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)是其廣泛應(yīng)用的原因之一。變結(jié)構(gòu)比、剛度，特別適合高速車(chē)輛高。在高速需要一個(gè)更好的穩(wěn)定高速的車(chē)輛，必須確保高剛度轉(zhuǎn)向。齒條齒扇副磨損后間隙調(diào)整，使有適當(dāng)?shù)霓D(zhuǎn)向齒輪傳動(dòng)的差距，從而改善生活，但也舵機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)向的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。轉(zhuǎn)向器生產(chǎn)在中國(guó)，除了早期蠕蟲(chóng)解放牌的汽車(chē)生產(chǎn)，四輪轉(zhuǎn)向與蠕蟲(chóng)肖齒輪組件，東風(fēng)汽車(chē)轉(zhuǎn)向器組件，其他大多數(shù)機(jī)型采用循環(huán)球式結(jié)構(gòu)，并具有一定的生產(chǎn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)。目前，東風(fēng)積極開(kāi)發(fā)周

14、期，并在第二桓興球式轉(zhuǎn)向器上廣泛使用的球式轉(zhuǎn)向器。因此，我們的產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量生產(chǎn)周期是在球式轉(zhuǎn)向器發(fā)展。230 重定向?qū)ｉT(mén)生產(chǎn)外國(guó)球式轉(zhuǎn)向器循環(huán)實(shí)現(xiàn)專(zhuān)業(yè)化生產(chǎn)，培訓(xùn)，測(cè)試和研究，大大提高產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量和產(chǎn)量。在日本精工（ NSK的）成本低，質(zhì)量好，產(chǎn)量，日本市場(chǎng)并逐步向銷(xiāo)售其產(chǎn)品。德國(guó) ZF 公司的循環(huán)球式轉(zhuǎn)向器公司還作為一個(gè)大的舵機(jī)列車(chē)從 1948 年到開(kāi)始生產(chǎn)各種型號(hào)的轉(zhuǎn)向器，采埃孚轉(zhuǎn)向 200 萬(wàn)。一些較大的轉(zhuǎn)向器制造商，美國(guó)薩吉諾分公司，德?tīng)柛Ｓ?guó)BURM，公司是專(zhuān)業(yè)生產(chǎn)廠(chǎng)家，擁有大型的生產(chǎn)和銷(xiāo)售的專(zhuān)業(yè)化已經(jīng)成為一種趨勢(shì)。只有走這條道路，使高品質(zhì)的產(chǎn)品，生產(chǎn)，成本低，在市場(chǎng)上的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。4 2.4

15、 動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)是發(fā)展方向動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)的廣泛應(yīng)用，不僅在沉重的公交車(chē)必須裝備，適用于高級(jí)轎車(chē)、中等的應(yīng)用和普及。漸漸地，主要是從減輕駕駛員疲勞，提高操縱光與穩(wěn)定。雖然帶來(lái)更高的成本和結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜的問(wèn)題，但由于明顯的優(yōu)勢(shì)，得到快速發(fā)展。動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)向有三種形式:積分,安排和曼聯(lián)一半閥門(mén)類(lèi)型動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)?，F(xiàn)在三種形式、快速發(fā)展,積分前軸重二手車(chē),八噸前軸負(fù)載閥用于 5 # 0;18噸汽車(chē),超過(guò)一半的前軸負(fù)載部門(mén)為作者的車(chē)。從發(fā)展趨勢(shì)看，在國(guó)外發(fā)展較快，但整體舵機(jī)積分轉(zhuǎn)向器臨時(shí)閥門(mén)結(jié)構(gòu)是發(fā)展的方向。5 Auto steering system development historySteering syst

16、em is necessary in vehicle system is the basic system, driver through thesteering wheel to manipulate and control cars direction of travel, so as to realize the intentionof his driving.For more than 100 years, automobile industry with mechanical and electronic technologydevelopment and progress. Tod

17、ay, the car is not purely mechanical sense of a car, it is themechanical, electronic, materials and other comprehensive product. Steering system with thedevelopment of the car industry after the long evolution.The traditional steering system is mechanical steering system, automotive steering wheel,b

18、y pilot control through such a series of mechanical parts steering wheel to realize thedeflection, so as to realize the steering.As in the 1950s, hydraulic power steering system in automotive applications, marked thebeginning of steering system. Sources of power steering by previous human to human a

19、ndhydraulic booster.Hydraulic booster HPS (Hydraulic Power Steering) is in the Steering system based on themechanical and Hydraulic system increased a. The hydraulic system and the engine, when thegeneral part of the engine starts, provide automobile engine power forward, another part ofthe kinetic

20、energy of hydraulic system for power. Due to its reliable work, mature technologystill has been widely used. The steering system of the main characteristic is the fluid pressure,reduce drivers support in the steering wheel, improved the steering light and auto operationstability.But at the same time

21、, there are also some hydraulic power system flaw:Aiming at vehicle design and manufacture, after the completion of the vehicle steeringdynamical characteristics cannot change. The direct consequence is that when the dynamicalcharacteristics in low power, car in low segment can get very good, but in

22、 high-speed periodhas good way to sense, because cannot adjust dynamical characteristics, no better way drivers,When the dynamical characteristics in high power, not very good at low segment tprompt6 effect.If not, aiming to vehicle hydraulic system must also be in the engine driving. As a result,th

23、e energy consumption, increase fuel engine,Existing hydraulic oil leakage problems should not only to environmental pollution, and easyto other components.Aiming at low temperatures, hydraulic system performance is poor.In recent years, with the electronic technology in the wide application, steerin

24、g system alsomore and more used electronic devices. Turn into the electronic control system, therefore, thecorresponding appeared electrohydraulic power steering system. Electrohydraulic PowerSteering can be divided into two categories: electric Hydraulic Steering system (ElectroHydraulic Power - th

25、e EHPS) and electric Hydraulic Steering Electronically ControlledECHPS Steering (Hydraulic Power Steering). Electric hydraulic steering system is inhydraulic power system on the basis of the development of hydraulic booster systems, anddifferent is, electric hydraulic power system of power sources i

26、n the hydraulic system, but notby motor engine motor drive hydraulic system, save energy and reduce the engine fuelconsumption. Electric hydraulic steering is in traditional hydraulic booster systems on thebasis of the development, the difference is that the electric hydraulic steering system,electr

27、onic control devices increased. The electronic control unit can according to the steeringrate, speed auto operation parameters of hydraulic system, change the size of the hydraulicbooster at different speeds, so as to realize the change, dynamical characteristics. But underthe motor drive hydraulic

28、system, in turn, motor can stop turning, thereby reducing energyconsumption.Although electrohydraulic power steering system of hydraulic steering overcomes thedrawbacks. But due to the existence of hydraulic system, it exists the hydraulic oil leakageproblem, and electrohydraulic power steering syst

29、em, introduced motor drive system is morecomplex, costs and reliability.In order to avoid Electric hydraulic Steering system, Electric Power Steering system ofElectric Power Steering (EPS) should now. It with all sorts of steering system, the biggestdifference lies in the electric power steering sys

30、tem has no hydraulic system. Originally7 produced by hydraulic steering system by motor. Electric power steering system of general bythe torque sensor and microprocessor, motor, etc. The basic principle is: when the driverturned the steering wheel drive shaft rotation, to install in the rotation axe

31、s of the torquesensor and torque signal into electrical signals to microprocessors, microprocessor based onspeed and torque signal other vehicles running parameters, according to the set procedures inthe treatment of that power motors booster direction and the size of the booster. Since 1988,the fir

32、st in Japan suzuki Cervo car to equip the steering system, power steering system iswidely recognized by the people.Steering system is mainly embodied in the following aspects:A power steering system can provide different at different speeds under the dynamicalcharacteristics. In the low road, steeri

33、ng, to increase more light, At high speed reducedsteering, even in order to improve the road are increased to damp.A power steering system only in steering motors to work, to provide power, so as to reduceenergy consumption.A motor, so by battery-powered electric power steering system can notwork in

34、 engine under the condition of the work.Electric power steering system should not hydraulic system, compared with hydraulicbooster systems and automated assembly. And electric power steering system can change thebooster program microprocessor algorithm, easy dynamical characteristics of the change.T

35、he development of science and technology is changing, the traditional steering system ofsteering control (wheel steering), and turn of transmission mechanism. But the thought of thespark can always bring surprise! Electronic Steering system SBW Steering (to the Wire) waschanged to the traditional co

36、ncept of three most with micro-controller, it was replaced By theSteering transmission mechanism, the three most into two parts. Electronic steering system isthe most advanced and automotive steering system of technology. It mainly consists ofsteering control module, to execute module and micro cont

37、roller three modules.Steering control modules main function is to torque sensor detection by the driver intention,and to detect signal (including rotation direction and rotational speed, etc) by bus to microcontroller, and micro controller based on the signal, and speed feedback control module is as

38、teering wheel to make drivers, can feel road. But this is the way, is the development of8 virtual according to test data of integrated, formed experience, and by way of curing processin the form of micro controller. So it is with speed, turning to the size of the torque rate andsome corresponding re

39、lation.Steering Angle sensor and actuator including steering motors, steering motor controller etc.It is the function of micro controller based on the control command, drive motor rotationAngle to execute, complete to action. Also the size of the rotation Angle sensor monitoringand feedback to micro

40、 controller, forming a complete accurate closed-loop control system,steering movement.Micro controller is the core of electronic steering system. It is receiving signal detection,processed send corresponding control signal.Due to the micro controller replaced steering transmission mechanism, thus me

41、chanicalconnection between components of the system, reduce the response speed and the accuracy ofthe response. And to turn strategy, transmission control software programming any Settings,And other equipment, such as ABS, automatic navigation equipment. Transmissionmechanism of reducing brings a bi

42、gger car interior space, give rides more fun. And turningbehavior can be recorded, save in software that can help EEPROM after further perfecting thesteering control strategy, even can provide evidence for the traffic accident.Auto safety question has been the focus of public attention. Steering sys

43、tem and lightingsystem can give at night traffic better security. Page shown above, the traditional lightingsystem is the vehicle to the front line irradiation, vehicles and pedestrians in corners if driverswill be hard to find in the corner, pedestrians traffic accidents. If the lighting system com

44、binedwith the steering system, pictured above, when drivers in the steering wheel to the right of thesteering wheel Angle, light with the right to change, the more wide illumination turn, lighting,so in a broader range of pedestrian road corner will easily be found. Currently the lightingtechnology

45、has in the midrange Citroen triumph, Toyota camrys are used.At present, electronic steering system reliability and the cost is obstructed the development.If the micro controller is mainly manifested in the problem, steering system will completefailure, its not like electric power steering system and

46、 electric hydraulic steering system, inthe motor or hydraulic system, also can appear when problems with human to control cars.9 The micro-controller electronic steering system malfunction, because no mechanical systemscan be connected to the steering wheel and steering, therefore impossible to cont

47、rol of the car.But despite the electronic steering system is still the future development direction of steeringsystem.Auto 1.1 high-speed need,From the manipulation of light, the stability and security ofAngle, automobile manufacturing widely used more advanced technology, using high rigidity,steeri

48、ng gear ratios steering. Ratios and high rigidity is currently the world production ofsteering structure.Fully considering safety, 1.2 portability,Auto speed increase, with the driver andpassengers safety is very important in many cars at home and abroad, has generally addenergy absorption devices,

49、such as safety steering belt prevent collisions, etc, the airbag, andgradually popularized. From the point of view of human engineering, manipulation of lighthas gradually adopts adjustable steering column and power steering system.130 low cost, low fuel consumption, specialized production quantitie

50、s,With theinternational economic situation, oil crisis recession, auto production seriously more and moreeconomical, therefore, to design the low cost, low fuel consumption, low cost, autoproduction line, realizing mass rationalization of specialized production. To spare partsmanufacturing, especial

51、ly the steering gear production, more outstanding.The computerized 1.4 automobile redirector device,The steering gear device, car on theway to the development of computers.2 the modern automobile steering device developmenttrend.The modern automobile steering device 2.1 using dynamicAlong with the r

52、apid development of the automotive industry, steering device structure hasgreat changes. Automobile redirector structure from the prevalence of currently used, themain products are: there are four types of worm shaw (reference), worm wheel (WR type),circulation ball type (BS type) and rack-and-pinio

53、n (RP). These four redirector, has beenwidely used in the bus.As we have learned, in the world scope, auto cycle ball type redirector 45%,rack-and-pinion steering wheel around 40%, worm around 10% of steering gear, other typesof steering 5%. Ball type redirector cycle has been steady development. In

54、 Western Europe in10 the passenger, rack-and-pinion steering have very big development. Japan is characteristic ofautomobile redirector circular ball type redirector proportion is more and more big, theJapanese equipment of different types of each type of automobile engine, using different typeredir

55、ector, used in the bus cycle of ball type redirector, already from the 1960s, thedevelopment of modern 62.5% 100% (worm wheel steering gear-component on the bus hasbeen eliminated. Large and small trucks are mostly using circular ball type redirectorrack-and-pinion steering gear, but also the develo

56、pment. Mini vans with circular ball typeredirector 65%, rack-and-pinion 35%.The comprehensive use of varieties of products, the following conclusions:Ball type redirector. Circulation rack-and pinion steering gear-component with, has becomethe worlds two major automobile redirector, And worm # 0; Wo

57、rm and worm type redirectorshaw, steering gear-component is eliminated or retain smaller status.In view of the development of steering gear passenger is different, the United States andJapan focus on developing circular ball type redirector, ratio have reached or more than 90%,Western development is

58、 key rack-and pinion steering gear-component ratio, more than 50%,France has 95%.Rack-and pinion steering gear-component with the advantages of small car in theapplication (including passenger and freight station wagon or small) development by leapsand bounds, And large vehicles to cycle for the mai

59、n structure of the ball type redirector.The ball type redirector. Circulation characteristics are: high efficiency, manipulation oflight, a smooth control force characteristic curve.Decorate convenient Especially suitable for large and medium-sized vehicles and powersteering system with, Easy to tra

60、nsfer the signal, High efficiency, return good thrust hydraulicbooster device, and the actions as well.To realize the ratios, satisfy the requirements of manipulating portability. Intermediateposition to force is small, and often used to sensitive, therefore, request to intermediateposition near the