現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)專講

1、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)專講總的來(lái)說(shuō)，兩概念兩注意兩特別構(gòu)成（形式）have/has+過(guò)去分詞常縮寫為e s haven=have nothasnt= has notEg. I have already seen this film .Have you seen this film yet?（ 一般疑問句 ）Yes, I have. No, I havent.I haventseen this film yet. （否定句）Li Lei has finished his homework.Has Li Lei finished his homework? （一般疑問句）Yes, he has. No, h

2、e hasn t. Li Lei hasntfinished his homework.（ 否定句）兩概念表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的 影響或結(jié)果 （ 強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響 ）.標(biāo)志：already （已經(jīng)），yet （尚未），never ,ever （曾經(jīng)），just （剛剛），during the past（last） three years （在過(guò)去的三年里） , how many times, how long,so far （目前） ,etc.Eg. Ive already posted the photos（. 我已經(jīng)把照片寄出去了， 照片不在這里了）Ive s

3、een this film. （現(xiàn)在還記得內(nèi)容）I saw this film last week. （上星期看了，與現(xiàn)在無(wú)關(guān)）表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)開始 ,一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài).標(biāo)志：( 1) for + 一段時(shí)間eg.I have taught English for ten years.since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)或表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句eg.He has lived here since 1998.I have worked in this factory since he came here.since+一段時(shí)間 +agoeg. I have known him since 20 years ag

4、o.( 4) ever since (從那時(shí)起，自那時(shí)以來(lái) )eg.She left school three years ago and has worked as a nurse ever since.她三年前畢業(yè)，從那時(shí)起一直當(dāng)護(hù)士We have been friends ever since we met at school/ since 1998.自從我們?cè)趯W(xué)校認(rèn)識(shí)后，就一直是好朋友兩注意與一段時(shí)間連用，只能用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，不能用瞬間動(dòng)詞Eg. I ve arrived in Beijing for half a year. ( x )I ve been in Beijing for

5、half a year.( v )我們所學(xué)過(guò)的瞬間動(dòng)詞有， come, go , arrive in (at), reach( 到 達(dá)), get, leave , finish, end, buy, sell , borrow, die( 死亡) ,marry (嫁，娶) ,begin (start),join( 加入 )我們所學(xué)過(guò)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞有，be, have, know(認(rèn)識(shí))，live,work, teach, learn , study , keep (借),dead (死的)，be married to sb(與某人結(jié)婚 ),be engaged(訂婚),be engaged t

6、o sb(與某 人訂婚 )瞬間動(dòng)詞與一段時(shí)間連用是要用相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 來(lái)代替come(arrive,get to ,reach)be ( in), go (leave)-be away(from)end(finish) -be over ,buyhave ,borrowkeep,die-be dead ,join- be in (be a member of ) begin(start)be on (上映)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)是屬于現(xiàn)在的時(shí)態(tài)范圍， 不能與表示過(guò)去的 時(shí)間連用Eg.yesterday, last week, three years ago, in 1986, etc.He(live)

7、 here since 1972.He(live) here in 1972.He(teach) in this school two years ago.He (teach) in this school since two years ago.兩特別在否定句中，瞬間動(dòng)詞可以與一段時(shí)間連用Eg. I haventheard from (seen) you for a long time .我有很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間沒有收到你的信了（看見你了 ）She hasnt bought anything for two months. 她已經(jīng)有兩個(gè)月沒買東西了have /has been to 與 have/has

8、 gone tohave/has been to （曾經(jīng)去過(guò)某地，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來(lái)了）have/has gone to （去了某地，還沒回來(lái) ）eg.Where is your mother?She has gone to the supermarket.I ve been to Beijing twice.Where has he been ?（他剛才到哪去了， 他現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來(lái)了 ）Where has he gone ?他到哪兒去了，他不在這里）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)專練練習(xí) ： 用相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞改寫下列句子1.I have come to Beijing for two years and a half.2