現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)

1、-Zheng yong 現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)The Present Perfect Tense1一.現(xiàn)在完成時的定義 現(xiàn)在完成時通常是指過去某一動作對現(xiàn)在的影響或過去某一動作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（可能要繼續(xù)下去）I have bought a new English dictionary.Have you ever been to Mount Huang?His uncle has lived in Beijing for more than twenty years. 2二.現(xiàn)在完成時的構(gòu)成 1.助動詞 have / has + 過去分詞 I have spent half an hour writing t

2、he article.Have you ever read a book by Lu Xun?Where have you been ?2. 過去分詞的構(gòu)成:A.規(guī)則變化 clean stay carry plan close openCleanedCaariedclosedStayedPlannedopened3 B.不規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞 am/is begin write draw do spend grow seewasbeganwrotedrewdidspentgrewsawbeenbegunwrittendrawndonespentgrownseen4 三.現(xiàn)在完成時的基本句型 我學(xué)

3、了5年英語了?？隙ň洌?I have learned English for 5 years.否定句： I have not learnt English for 5 years.一般疑問句： Have you learned English for 5 years.回答： Yes, I have. / No, I havent.特殊疑問句： How long have you learnt English?5 四.現(xiàn)在完成時的基本用法 a. 現(xiàn)在完成時可表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在所產(chǎn)生的影響，后面通常不用時間狀語，但句中常 just ,already,yet,ever,never,before

4、, so far,in recent years,in the past few years等副詞。 我剛剛讀完這本小說。 Ive just finished reading the novel.你看過醫(yī)生了嗎？ Have you seen the doctor yet?我從沒去過北京。 Ive never been to Beijing. 他以前讀過這本書。 He has read this book before.6b. 現(xiàn)在完成時也可表示從過去某時開始的動作，狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，常和for, since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語連用。 我等了你一個半小時了。I have waited for you

5、 for one and a half hours. 他出生以來就住在北京。 He lived in Beijing since he was born.他病了多久了？How long has he been ill?7 五.現(xiàn)在完成時和一般過去時的區(qū)別 (1)兩者都可表示過去發(fā)生過的動作，但前者表示的是過去的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響，而后者則是表示過去動作的事實。-Have you ever been to Beijing?-Yes, I went to Beijing 3 years ago.(2)兩者都可表示過去開始并延續(xù)了一段時間的動作，現(xiàn)在完成時含義為該動作仍在繼續(xù)，而一般過去時則說明該動作

6、現(xiàn)已終止。 He has lived in Beijing for four years. He lived in Beijing for four years. 8 六.點動詞與延續(xù)性動詞的區(qū)別 所謂點動詞是指含有終止或短暫意義的動詞。如：begin, end, die, buy, borrow, come, arrive, join, marry等動詞。它們通常不與表示一段時間的狀語連用。 我買了一本書。I have bought a book. 這本書我已經(jīng)買了三星期了。 Ive had this book for three weeks.我叔叔兩天前來的。他已經(jīng)來了兩天了。My unc

7、le came here 2 days ago. He has been here for 2 days. 會議兩點鐘開始的。已經(jīng)開始半個小時了。The meeting began at 2 oclock. It has been on for half an hour.9Choose the best answer1. His granny _ three months ago. She _for three months. A. died,died B. has died,has been dead C. died, has been dead2. -where _ Miss Li _? Id like to ask her some questions? - She _ to attend a meeting.She_ back until 5 oclock this afternoon. A. hasbeen,has been,will be B. hasgone,has gone,wont be C. hasgone,has gone, didnt go 3. -How long _ you _ the book ? -I _ the book for two week. I m