語法填空技巧總結(jié)

1、語法填空題型介紹語法填空題將語法知識的考查置于一篇短文中，通過設(shè)置純空格題填空和給詞填空兩種形式來表現(xiàn)，突出考查學(xué)生通過語境運(yùn)用語法知識的能力，更能客觀、準(zhǔn)確地考查學(xué)生的語法知識水平。此題雖然只有15分，占英語全卷分?jǐn)?shù)的十分之一，但也是英語考卷的重要組成部分，不容忽視。 命題原則：1,短文題材：題材多樣，或體現(xiàn)文化內(nèi)涵、文化交往，或給人以啟迪等。2.短文長度：約200詞，一般不超過12句話，設(shè)10個空，句首不設(shè)空。3,短文難度：沒有超出課標(biāo)的生詞，但有課標(biāo)單詞的派生詞，此題考查考生在特定語境中 語法的分析和運(yùn)用能力。.考點(diǎn)設(shè)置：只能填一個t的純空格題：設(shè)6-7個小題；用所給的詞填空題：設(shè) 3-

2、4小題。純空格題通?？脊谠~、介詞、代詞和連詞等詞；給詞填空通?？贾^語動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)、非 謂語動詞、形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級、詞類轉(zhuǎn)換等，答案可能是一個單詞、兩個單詞或兩個以上單詞。.常常會出現(xiàn)所填詞位于句首，目的是考查該單詞的第一個字母要大寫。 考點(diǎn)分析：語法填空題主要考查的是語法和上下文的連貫性，而語法是重點(diǎn)。它主要考查的內(nèi)容為高中英語大綱要求的基本語法知識、詞匯、習(xí)語和較為簡單的英語表達(dá)方式的掌握情況。解題技巧純空格試題的解題技巧純空格填空題主要是填冠詞、介詞、代詞、連接詞（含從屬連詞和并列連詞）等虛詞。首先，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)句子所缺成分確定填哪類詞。然后，根據(jù)句子意思，確定具體填

3、什么詞；或根據(jù)兩句間的邏輯關(guān)系確定具體用哪個連詞。共有以下7個技巧：.在簡單句和并列句中，若句子缺主語或賓語，一定是填代詞。.名詞前面，若沒有限定詞（冠詞、形容詞性物主代詞、不定代詞等），很可能是填限定詞。.名詞或代詞在句中不作主語、表語或動詞的賓語時，前面一定是填介詞。.若兩個或幾個單詞或短語之間沒有連詞，可能是填連詞。.若兩個句子（即兩個主謂結(jié)構(gòu)）之間沒有連詞，也沒有分號或句號，一定是填并列連詞 （連接并列的句子）或從屬連詞（連接定語從句、名詞性從句和狀語從句）。.由特殊句式結(jié)構(gòu)來判斷空格應(yīng)填的詞。（1）由it is that強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的形式，判斷 it還是that。判斷方法：去掉it is

4、that結(jié) 構(gòu)，句子還是一個完整的句子就是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。（2）由it作形式主語或形式賓語的句式判斷，空格是否填 it.(3) 在倒裝句式中通常填only, so, neither, nor, never, hardly, seldom, not等詞。until給出了動詞的試題解題技巧首先，判斷要填的動詞是謂語動詞還是非謂語動詞。若句子沒有別的謂語動詞，或者雖然已有謂語動詞，但需填的動詞與之是并列關(guān)系時，所給動詞就是謂語動詞；若是謂語動詞，就要考慮時態(tài)語態(tài)。It was raining lightly when I 61 (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.

5、But I didn care. when引導(dǎo)的從句缺謂語，根據(jù)整個句子時態(tài)用過去時。若句中已有謂語動詞，又不是并列謂語時，所給動詞就是非謂語動詞。若是非謂語動詞就要確定是v-ing形式，-ed形式，還是不定式。Still, the boy kept 67 (ride).keep后接 doing 表示 一直。Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it 69(regularly) (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people 70 (live) in Shanghai

6、and Hong Kong.第70題句子已經(jīng)有主句謂語 says,和從句謂語arranges,空格處需要填入 people的定語living。When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough _66(cool) the house during the hot day.形容詞加enough后接不定式，填入 to cool。詞類轉(zhuǎn)換題的解題技巧.動詞的詞類轉(zhuǎn)換主要做主語、賓語和定語。.給出形容詞，需要填寫比較級、最高級，或詞性詞形轉(zhuǎn)化，轉(zhuǎn)化為副詞，或是填寫反義 詞(前綴)；.給出副詞

7、，填寫比較級、最高級，或是填寫反義詞；.作表語(在系動詞之后)、定語(修飾名詞)或賓補(bǔ)(表性質(zhì)狀態(tài))，通常用形容詞形式。.修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞，或整個句子，作狀語，用副詞形式。.有的詞義轉(zhuǎn)換題，詞類或詞性不一定要變，主要是考查具有與詞根意義相反的派生詞， 需要句子意思及前后邏輯關(guān)系，在詞根前加un-, im-, in-等，在詞根后加-less等。As 69 (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly 70(how) thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycl

8、e work on most days.natural 形容詞做定語修飾名詞architects oWalls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat _65 (slow) during cool nights , thus warning the house.slowly 用slow的副詞形式 slowly修飾動詞 give out.真題再現(xiàn)Yangshuo, ChinaIt was raining lightly when I_1_ (arrive) in Yangshuo

9、 just before dawn . But I didna ret. cA few hours _2_, I d been at home in Hong Kong, with 3 (it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.I d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River _4are pictur

10、ed by artists in so many Chinese 5 (painting).s only an hour aInstead, I d headed straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, it6Car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.Yangshuo 7 (be) really beautiful. A study of travelers 8 (conduct) by the website Trip Advisor names Yangsh

11、uo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it 9 (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people 10 (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.Mr. Johnson lived in t

12、he woods with his wife and children. He owned 1 farm, whichlooked almost abandoned.2(lucky), he also had a cow which produced milk every day. He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby3 other food and made cheese andbutter for the family with what 4(leave). The cow was their only mean

13、s of support, in fact.One day, the cow was eating grass 5 it began to rain heavily. While making great efforts torun away, she 6 (fall) over the hill and died. Then the Johnsons tried to make a livingthe cow. In order to support his family, Mr. Johnson began to plant herbs and vegetables.Since the p

14、lants took a while to grow, he started cutting down trees 8(sell) the wood.Thinking about his children s clothes, he started growing cotton too. When harvest came around,he was already selling herbs, vegetables and cotton in the market 9 people from the townmet regularly. Now it occurred to 10 that

15、his farm had much potential and that the death ofthe cow was a bit of luck.The adobe dwellings( 土坯房) 1(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 2 most modern of architects and engineers. In addition totheir simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is

16、their _3(able) to “ aircondition a house without4 use) electric equipment. Walls made of adobe take in the heatfrom the sun on hot days and give out that heat_5(slow) during cool nights , thus warming the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough _6 _ (

17、cool) the house during the hot day: _7_ the same time, they warm up again for the night This cycle _8 _ (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and thus always a timely offset (抵消) for the outside temperatures. As _9_ (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians

18、 figured out exactly_10_thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.答案與解析：arrived;根據(jù)主句It was raining可知用過去時態(tài)，所以謂語動詞用 arrived oearlier/before;表示時間，且后句為過去完成時，所以用 earlier/before ,容易誤寫ago （只 能和一般過去時連用）。its; with介詞結(jié)構(gòu)，it指代前面的Hong Kong修飾后面的名詞 smog,所以用形容詞性物主代詞形式。that/which;因為定語從句缺主

19、語，所以用 which/that代指the Li River。paintings;因為前面有so many,所以用復(fù)數(shù)形式。by;介詞短語 by car,坐車。is; Yangshuo是單數(shù)，描述其美景應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時。conducted;因為句子的謂語動詞是nameas（把命名為 ）,conduct只能是非謂語動詞，再加上后面有by,所以用過去分詞形式。regularly ;修飾動詞 arrange應(yīng)該用regular的副詞形式。living ；句子不缺謂語動詞，live只能用非謂語形式，又因為 people和live之間是主動關(guān) 系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。a;修飾第一次提到的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，用 a表示 乙家”，表示一類事物。Luckily ;雖然農(nóng)場很破舊，但是他還有一頭每天產(chǎn)奶的奶牛，所以可以說是很幸運(yùn)，所 以用副詞luckily修飾整個句子。for; exchange . for用來交換。這里主人公賣牛奶或用牛奶交換其它食物。was left;分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，要填的內(nèi)容要彳的是介詞with的賓語從句的謂語動詞， 且與what是被動關(guān)系，所以用被動語態(tài)。leave剩下，留下。what was left剩下的東西。when;奶牛正在吃草，這時突然開始下起大雨。when表示 芷在這時，句型是be