2023屆陜西省咸陽市百靈中學(xué)高三壓軸卷英語試卷含解析

1、2023屆高考英語模擬試卷請考生注意：1請用2B鉛筆將選擇題答案涂填在答題紙相應(yīng)位置上，請用05毫米及以上黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆將主觀題的答案寫在答題紙相應(yīng)的答題區(qū)內(nèi)。寫在試題卷、草稿紙上均無效。2答題前，認(rèn)真閱讀答題紙上的注意事項(xiàng)，按規(guī)定答題。第一部分 （共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1Though lacking the necessary working experience, my cousin got the job _ her confidence and flexibility.Ain terms of Bin response toCby virtue of Dwit

2、h respect to2The exchange student from Kenya often shares with us the news of his country and _of his neighbouring countries.AthoseBthatCitDthe one3It is believed that many more popular terms _ on the Internet this year.Awill be createdBhave createdCare createdDare creating4In my opinion,_ shouldnt

3、be any doubt that China will become one of the most powerful countries in the near futureAthisBthatCitDthere5When I said someone broke the school regulations, I _ you. Why did you get that angry?Adont refer toBhavent referred toCwasnt referring toDhadnt referred to6A hearty laugh relieves physical t

4、ension, _your muscles relaxed for over half an hour.Ato leaveBleftCleavingDleave7By serving others, a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself, _ can be very eye-opening and rewarding.AwhoBwhichCwhatDthat8-It was Sunday today, and I _ up very early. -So you really had a good rest.Adid

5、nt need to getBneednt have gotCneednt to getDdont need get9- The manager of the factory wants to improve production a great deal, but he doesnt spend much on technology.-I am afraid he wont realize his dream. You know _.Ayou cant eat your cake and have itBempty vessels make the greatest soundCenough

6、 is as good as a feastDtwo heads are better than one10This winter, one of the largest _ snowstorms hit many areas.ArecordingBrecordedCbeing recordedDto record11_ his homework in time, he had to stay up late into the night.AFinishingBHaving finishedCTo finishDTo have finished12Its natural that I didn

7、t recognize her immediately I saw her. _, its almost 5 years since we met last. AAfter all BIn addition CWhats more DIn particular13 David is a green hand at such things. But I believe he is quite _ to the task.Arelevant BaccessibleCequal Dunique14The stadium _ stands a theatre will be reconstructed

8、.Abeside whichBfor whichCwhenDwhich15-My room gets very cold at night. -_.ASo is mineBSo mine isCSo does mineDSo mine does16I was expecting a present from her, so I was disappointed I didnt receive _.AitBoneCthatDthe one17Teachers in primary schools _ influence the kids fall under should be role mod

9、els.AwhoseBwhoCwhereDwhich18She has expressed her hope _ the foreign students will spread the good will and sincerity of the Chinese people to other parts of the world.AthatBwhichCwhetherDwhat19The famous book Frankenstein, _ by British novelist Mary Shelley, is the first work of science fiction.Awr

10、itingBhaving writtenCwrittenDwas written20To make a breakthrough in his scientific research, the scientist has been making a(n) _amount of effort.Amodest BmiserableCoptional Dtremendous第二部分 閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。21（6分）Travelling in Yosemite ParkPublic TransportationPublic trans

11、portation is available both to Yosemite and within Yosemite. Since there are restrictions for parking for RVs and trailers in Yosemite, we strongly encourage you to park your RV outside Yosemite and use YARTS to travel into the park. Once youre inside Yosemite, or if youre camping inside Yosemite, f

12、ree shuttles and fee-based tours are available to get you to many areas of the park.ReservationsWe strongly recommend that you make reservations for accommodation and camping.Accommodation options in Yosemite National Park range from simple tent cabins to deluxe rooms. Yosemite has numerous restaura

13、nts and other dining options all year. Visit the Yosemite Hospitality website for full descriptions, prices and online reservations. Reservations are available 365 days in advance and are strongly recommended, especially from spring through fall and during holidays.Reservations are required all year

14、 for Yosemite Valleys car campgrounds. Be aware that nearly all reservations for the months of May through September and for some other weekend are filled the first day they become available, usually within seconds or minutes after 7 am Pacific time! For your best chance of getting a reservation, be

15、 sure your clock is set accurately and start the first few steps of the reservation process at www.recreation, gov.Entrance FeesSeven-day pass if entering by.Non-commercial car, pick up truck, RV , or van with 15 or fewer passenger seats $30 per vehicle (no per-person fee)Motorcycle$25 per motorcycl

16、e ( no per-person fee )Foot, bicycle, horse, or non-commercial bus or van with more than 15 passenger seats $15 per person aged 16 and olderContact the parkMailing Address ： PO Box 577 Yosemite National Park, CA 95389Phone ： （_） 372- 02001、Which of the following is encouraged for your going inside Y

17、osemite?ADriving RVs. BTaking YARTS.CRenting shuttles. DRiding trailers.2、What can we learn about accommodation in Yosemite?AIt is free of charge in spring and fall.BYou can get a discount by reserving online.CIts reservations can be made one year ahead.DTent cabins and deluxe rooms are of the same

18、price.3、What can we infer from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4?AYour clock ought to be of high quality.BYou should take a clock with you in the park.CYour time should be the same as the Pacific time.DYou should make your reservation as soon as possible.4、If a man drives his own car, he should

19、 pay the entrance fee of .A$30 B$25C$20 D$1522（8分） During the period from 1660 through 1800, Great Britain became the worlds leader. Language itself became submitted to rules during this period. This need to fix the English language is best illustrated (描述) in the making of The Dictionary of the Eng

20、lish Language by Samuel Johnson. Guides to the English language had been in existence before Johnson began his project in 1746. These, however, were often little more than lists of hard words. When definitions of common words were supplied, they were often unhelpful. For example, a “horse” was defin

21、ed in an early dictionary as “a beast well known”.Johnson changed all that, but the task was not an easy one. Renting a house at 17 Gough Square, Johnson began working in the worst of conditions. Supported only by his publisher, Johnson worked on the Dictionary with five assistants. Compared to the

22、French Academys dictionary, which took forty workers fifty-five years to complete (1639-1694), Johnsons dictionary was completed by very few people very quickly.Balanced on a chair with only three legs, Johnson sat against a wall in a room filled with books. Johnson would read widely from these book

23、s, mark passages illustrating the use of a particular word, and give the books to his assistants so that they could copy the passages on slips of paper. These slips were then stuck to eighty large notebooks under the key words that Johnson had selected. Fixing the word by this method, Johnson could

24、record a word，s usage and its definition.How many passages were used? According to Johnsons modern biographer Walter Jackson Bate, the original total number could have been over 240,000. How many words were defined by the lexicographer? Over 40,000 words appeared in two large books in April of 1755.

25、 Did Johnson fully understand the huge task he was undertaking when he began? As he told his contemporary biographer James Boswell, “I knew very well what I was undertaking and very well how to do it and have done it very well.”1、What is the problem of early English dictionaries?AThey only offer sim

26、ple pictures.BThey list just a few foreign words.CThey simply give some translations.DThey add no more than some big words.2、What does the underlined word “l(fā)exicographer” in paragraph 4 refer to?AA publisher.BA biographer.CA maker of dictionaries.DAn assistant.3、What can we infer about Samuel Johnso

27、n from the text?AHe standardized English.BHe cared about authority a lot.CHe gained much financial support.DHe complained of working conditions.4、What is the purpose of this passage?ATo discuss the problems of dictionaries.BTo encourage people to work on a project.CTo persuade people to buy the new

28、dictionary.DTo introduce how Johnson complete his dictionary.23（8分） Our home galaxy(星系), the Milky Way, makes for a pretty space picture, and it looks normal at a distance. But a new 3D map reveals a surprise:_.The Milky Way is a spiral(漩渦型的) galaxy, in which stars and gas clouds exist mainly in its

29、 spiral “arms”. Our massive neighbor, the Andromeda galaxy(仙女座), is also spiral. Spiral galaxies usually appear very flat and easy to see through a telescope, said the researchers.Using 1,339 large, pulsating(脈沖的) stars to make a 3D map of the Milky Way, researchers discovered instead that the galax

30、ys disk of stars is increasingly twisting，most likely due to the spinning of the disk. And the farther the stars are from the center, the more twisted it becomes.Previously, astronomers saw evidence of hydrogen clouds becoming warped(彎曲的) in the Milky Way. This isnt completely abnormal, because astr

31、onomers have noticed the same pattern of progressively twisting spirals in about a dozen other galaxies. But it does help them make more sense of our galaxy.Because we live in this galaxy, that makes it harder to observe, and dust and starlight make it even more difficult when using telescopes. Tryi

32、ng to determine what our galactic center looks like is similar to trying to find the center of a forest youre standing in.“It is extremely difficult to determine distances from the Sun to parts of the Milky Ways outer gas disk without having a clear idea of what that disk actually looks like,” lead

33、study author Xiaodian Chen of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing said in a statement.From afar, the Milky Way appears like a thin rotating(旋轉(zhuǎn)的) disk of stars, orbiting the center every few hundred million years. In the center, hundreds of billions of stars and dark matter hold the galaxy tog

34、ether.But as you move toward the outermost reaches of the galaxy, the gravitational glue of the center fades. In the outer disk, this keeps hydrogen gas from being restricted, which contributes to an S-shaped warping.“Somewhat to our surprise, we found that in 3D our collection of 1339 stars and the

35、 Milky Ways gas disk follow each other closely. This offers new insights into the formation of our home galaxy,” Richard de Grijs, senior study co-author and professor at Macquarie Universitys Department of Physics and Astronomy, said in a statement. “Perhaps more importantly, in the Milky Ways oute

36、r regions, we found that the S-like stellar(星的) disk is warped in a progressively Twisted spiral pattern.”So the massive inner disks rotational force causes the outer disk to warp, the researchers concluded.“This research provides a crucial updated map for studies of our galaxys stellar motions and

37、the origins of the Milky Way,” said Licai Deng, co-author and senior researcher at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, in a statement.1、Which of the following might be the missing sentence in the first paragraph?AThe Milky Way is being warped and twisted by its stars.BThe Milky Way is spiral and orbiti

38、ng itself all the time.CThe formation of our home galaxy is due to the force of gravity.DThe origin of the Milky Way lies in its rotational force.2、What does the underlined “this” refer to?Athe Milky WayBthe gravitational glueCthe fading of gravityDthe outermost reach of the galaxy3、Which of the fol

39、lowing is true according to the passage?AThe galaxy we live in is unique for its special spirals.BThe stars in the center of the Milky Way are more twisted.CThe distance from the sun to other stars is already known to scientists.DThe rotation of its inner center forces the Milky Way to twist.4、What

40、is the significance of this finding?AIt reveals why the Milky Way is a flat and spiral galaxy.BIt leads to a breakthrough of using 3D technology in space research.CIt proves a previous way of observing the Milky Way while we are living in it.DIt contributes to our knowledge about the Milky Way.24（8分

41、） About 6 years ago, I was on a plane next to a woman. I was tired and wanted to take a nap. But before I could go into “ignore pattern”, she tapped me on the shoulder to introduce herself.“Hi: my name is Helga!”We got to talking and eventually it came up that I had started an organization in high s

42、chool called R.AK.E.(Random Acts of Kindness, Etc.). As I described what we did, Helga got very serious and told me that she admired me for that. She told me a story about the last time she had flown. She was on the way to Arizona because she had gotten sudden news that her dads health was on the de

43、cline. Later her fathers physician called to inform her that her dad had rather suddenly passed away. For the 3-hour plane ride, she sat in silence around strangers.When she arrived at the airport in Arizona, she walked to the nearest wall, sat down, and cried. And here is the part Ill never forget

44、about Helgas story. For 2 hours she sat and wept while thousands walked to and fro in the airport. Helga looked al me and said, “Houston, not a single person stopped and asked if I was okay that day.” It was that day that I realized how much we need each other. It was that day I realized that kindne

45、ss isnt normal.Kindness isnt normal. That has stuck with me all these years especially now. I work in schools nationwide speaking about sympathy, kindness, empathy (同理心) and love. Im reminded all the time that, for many of us, kindness is not usually our default setting. We spend so much time worryi

46、ng about our problems, our lives, our insecurities, getting to our flight so we walk by or ignore people in need of help.So, Ive made it my mission to do my part in sharing stories with students, teachers, and parents about our need for character and sympathy. Im always be on the lookout for the lit

47、tle opportunities that surround me every day to do something nice.1、What impressed the author most about Helgas story?AHelgas anxiety over her fathers sudden illness.BHelga had no one to talk to on her flight lo Arizona.CHelga was ignored by people around her when she cried.DHelga couldnt get over h

48、er sadness over her Fathers death.2、Which can best explain the underlined part “default setting” in paragraph 5?AUsual way of doing things.BUnexpected way to do things.CIgnorance to people around.DBiggest surprise to others.3、What can we know about the author?AHe started many clubs in high school.BH

49、e used to be a school teacher.CHe teaches kids how to behave well.DHe is a promoter of a good cause.4、What can be a suitable title for the text?AComforting People in NeedBMaking Kindness NormalCIgnoring Unnecessary TroublesDPractising Kindness on the Plane25（10分）One of the most striking findings of

50、a newly research in the UK is that of the people interviewed, one in two believes that it is becoming more difficult to meet someone to start a family with.Why are many finding it increasingly difficult to start close relationships? Does modern life really make it harder to fall in love? Or are we m

51、aking it harder for ourselves? It is certainly the case today that contemporary couples benefit in different ways from relationships. Women no longer rely upon partners for money or status. A man doesnt expect his wife to be in sole (唯一的) charge of running his household and raising his children.But

52、perhaps the knowledge that we can live perfectly well without a partnership means that it takes much more to persuade people to abandon their independence.In theory, finding a partner should be much simpler these days. Only a few generations ago, your choice of soul mate was limited by geography, so

53、cial convention and family tradition. Although it was never clear, many marriages were essentially arranged. Now those barriers have been broken down. You can approach a builder or a brain surgeon in any bar in any city on any given evening. When the world is your oyster (牡蠣), you surely have a bett

54、er chance of finding a pearl.But it seems that the old conventions have been replaced by the limitation of choice. The expectations of partners are raised to an unmanageable degree: good looks, impressive salary, kind to grandmother, and right socks. There is no room for error in the first impressio

55、n.We think that a relationship can be perfect. If it isnt, it should be ended. We work to protect ourselves against future heartache and dont put in the hard emotional labor needed to build a strong relationship. Twelve-hour work at the office makes relaxed after-hours dating difficult. The cost of

56、housing and child-raising creates pressure to have a stable income and career before a life partnership.1、（小題1）What is a contemporary family like in UK today?ACouples share the burdens.BMen begin to depend on women.CWomen are responsible for housework.DIt is difficult to take care of a family.2、（小題2

57、）Why do people preserve their independence?ATo live alone happily.BTo have more choices.CTo avoid marriages.DTo ignore traditions.3、（小題3）What makes it hard for people to date?AMental headache in dating.BThe pressure to survive.CBad luck in finding a partner.DThe faith between life partners.4、（小題4）Wh

58、at is the author trying to inform us in this text?APerfect marriages conflict with independence.BPeople should spend more money on marriages.CThe expectations and reality separate the lovers.DIndependence is much more important than love.第三部分 語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中

59、，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)26（30分）One Monday morning, news got 1 in the schoolyard about a fire over the weekend. Soon Mr. Smith, my teacher, came to explain that the Art class would be 2 due to the fire. He also warned us not to approach the Art Room because it could be dangerious.During the morning break, Kir

60、n and I decided to take a 3 A first hand observation would make us heroes at lunch. At the appointed time, Kirn and I 4 the Art Room, ignoring the consequence I would face 5 I got caught. We stood on tiptoes looking hard 6 the door window, trying in vain to see 7 was forbidden. Suddenly a firm 8 on