大學英語六級議論文寫作1課件

1、議論文寫作方法提出議題，辨明自己的態(tài)度，觀點鮮明，開門見山。提出正反兩方面的觀點，形成對照的對比法。列出錯誤的觀點，逐條批駁的駁論法。用推理法、歸納法得出結論。 寫作類型及寫作模板 現(xiàn)象闡釋型 問題解決型 對比選擇型 觀點論證型 利弊評述型 I. 觀點論證型要求根據(jù)題目所給的論點，按照題目要求通過擺事實、講道理的方式對該論點進行論證或反駁。 基本結構： 1. 提出要論證或反駁的論點； 2. 提出論據(jù)對其進行論證或反駁； 3. 表明自己的立場和看法。 觀點論證型 2015年6月六級真題題目1： write an essay commenting on the saying “Knowledge

2、is a treasure, but practice is the key to it.” You can cite one example or two to illustrate your point of view. 題目2：I have no special talents. I am only passionately curious. 第一段：引出論題用核心詞引入+帶出引言+引言的目的 In this constantly changing world, how to put the knowledge acquired every day into reality has in

3、trigued numerous people. As a proverb goes, “ Knowledge is a treasure, but practice is the key to it.” Apparently, this saying aims to deliver the message that if we truly want to master the knowledge we learn, we ought not to stop practicing it.第二段：解釋引言 中心句+兩個原因+舉例（舉例應用對比法） There are several reason

4、s accountable for this statement. To begin with, human being are forgetful beings; therefore, only when we use knowledge, make mistakes, and try to use it again will we be able to remember it by our heart. Moreover, knowledge has become growingly complicated and we can seldom genuinely grasp the ess

5、ence of it if we do not practice it and ponder it over again and again. For instance, there used to be simple diseases, such as the cold and measles, and a doctor might have the knowledge to treat all the common ones. However, with our living environment becoming ever increasingly harsher, the disea

6、ses have evolved into weird, irremediable, and unpredictable ones. Therefore, the medication has been divided into numerous branches, and doctors of each one have to practice for years only in order to cure the diseases belonging to the similar sort.第三段：總結該引言的合理+兩個理由+提出建議 Practicing, to sum up, is o

7、f greatest importance for those who are determined to learn knowledge well. Not only does it assist people to remember knowledge better, but we are able to catch up with the speed of the evolution of knowledge. As a student, I hope that the young can focus more attention on practicing what they lear

8、n than on remembering it blindly so that the knowledge will become our real treasure and make our life more splendid.I have no special talents. I am only passionately curious. The above saying from Einstein vividly echoes a piece of quotation: stay hungry; stay foolish, which is put forward by Steve

9、n Jobs, the late CEO of Apple Inc. Undoubtedly, both of the two great men attach importance to curiosity. To some extent, we may safely maintain that without curiosity, without success.觀點論證型 In the first place, curiosity is the premise of innovation, which can be seen as the key to success. Besides

10、Einstein, a case in point is Steven Jobs, who always keeps curious, devoted to innovation. So, there is no exaggeration to say that the success of Apple Inc doesnt surprise us at all. In the second place, the quality of being curious provides us with the drive to go forward. To put it another way, w

11、here there is curiosity, there is advancement. For example, if a scientist desires to make progress in his research field, he must possess a curious mind; otherwise, his research will eventually go into a corner.SAMPLE 觀點論證型 In conclusion, it is not too much to say that curiosity plays an indispensa

12、ble role both in personal and corporate success. So, it is wise for us to bear in mind the great mens sayings concerning curiosity and practice them as much as possible. II. 現(xiàn)象闡述型對某一現(xiàn)象進行解釋說明，分析其原因并加以評論 基本結構：1.描述現(xiàn)象并說明其現(xiàn)狀； 2.分析這種現(xiàn)象的原因或批駁； 3.最后提出建議或總結觀點。 2014年12月六級作文 Write an essay based on the picture

13、 below. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then discuss what qualities an employer should look for in job applicant. You should give sound arguments to support your views . According to the picture, an employer turns down a job applicant, for his degree is less a

14、dvanced than the other applicants, even though he has a good resume. Actually, whats behind the cartoon is the tendency that employers focus on the applicants academic performance when hiring. No one disputes that a college or higher degree opens doors. Despite that, I firmly believe that academic d

15、egree should not be the primary criteria in selecting talents. First of all, academic degrees only represent the applicants proficiency in their school work, and cannot demonstrate their personality or other abilities. For instance, the responsibility of a human resources manager is to deal with peo

16、ple, and thus it requires advanced personal skill which is by no means shown in the diploma. Second, emphasis on degrees may hinder the development of the company. They will lose real talents if they judge people only by their educational background, while it is often the case that college drop-outs

17、 like Bill Gates, Michael Dell, Steve Jobs, etc., run wildly successful enterprises. Therefore, instead of running after applicants with higher degrees, companies should become more concerned about what it takes to do the job and what a college education actually provides. 對比選擇型比較兩種觀點或兩種做法，進而表明自己對問題

18、或事物的態(tài)度或觀點。 基本結構： 1. 對要評價的事物或現(xiàn)象進行整體介紹；2. 陳述兩種不同的觀點或做法及其理由；3. 表明自己的觀點或態(tài)度。 2014年12月六級作文You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then discuss whether there is a shortcut to learning. As is depicted in the cartoon, a student is asking a librarian whether there is a book on

19、how to perform well in school without learning, and the librarian tells the student that to do well in school without studying only happens in fictions. Undoubtedly, the cartoonist aims at reminding us of a fact that there is no shortcut to learning. The rapid living tempo influences our life deeply

20、, but while running after high-efficiency, we should hold a correct attitude toward learning, because learning requires long-term and pains-taking effort and diligence. In fact, hardly can we achieve success without persisitent learning attitude. As competition in all lines of work grows increasingl

21、y fierce, we must defeat our rivals through diligent learning. Numerous examples available can be given, but a case in point is Thomas Edison, who in 1879, after more than 1,000 trials, eventually invented an inexpensive alternative to candles: the lamp. Edisons story vividly echoes a well-known pro

22、verbRome is not built in one day. Hence, it is vital for us to derive positive implications from the above picture. For one thing, we should frequently use it to enlighten the young. For another, we should cultivate their awareness that correct and proper learning attitude carries great importance.

23、Only by doing so, can the younger generation become winners in the face of learning and life.議論文段落總結引入段（Introductory Paragraph） 1、背景 1）直接引入法 2）提問或名言警句 2、觀點的表達 some methods of introduction:(1) Begin with a broad, general statement of your topic and narrow it down to your thesis statement;(2) Start wi

24、th an idea or a situation that is the opposite of the one you will develop;(3) Explain the importance of your topic to the reader;(4) Use an incident or a brief story;(5) Ask one or more questions;(6) Use a quotation. 摘自美國大學英語寫作主體段（Body Paragraph）主題句（Topic Sentence）論證點 支撐句（Supporting S.）論據(jù)兩類論據(jù)： 分析性論

25、據(jù) 實例性論據(jù)段落發(fā)展方式1）分類 Books are an important part of many peoples lives in the world today. Within the wide variety of topics that books are written, they can be broadly classified into fiction and non-fiction. These two types each have their own merits and it would not be fair to only read about “real

26、events, real people”, when there can be so much to learn from imaginary events and imaginary people.2）舉例 But too much sport, or improper guidance, can be harmful. Being too involved usually results in the child feeling tired all the time, or having sports taking up too much time that was originally

27、meant for study or play. Children can easily get too worked up in competitions and if this goes without steering, the child may develop wrong views towards winning and losing, and life in general. It may also be harmful towards a childs body. Gymnastics, for instance, is known to be harsh towards th

28、e gymnasts, bodies usually ending them up small and short. Many sports are dangerous, and children may be crippled when injured in the course of game. 3）對比 Dissatisfaction and a permanent need or want starts at a very young age. Even while we are babies, we want this toy, and that doll, and no matte

29、r how many of them we have we ask for more. Scientists say that when a baby is given a familiar toy, he or she will play with it, but after a while, he or she will get used to it and become less enthusiastic. While on the other hand, when a baby is given a new toy, he or she will have to play with i

30、t for a couple of days, and he or she will be very interested until again he or she will get accustomed to it and a new toy will take its place. Things that we do not own or did not see before look more attractive to us than the ones that we have.4）問答 Why do some people think that working with objec

31、ts or machines is more advantageous than working with people? For one thing, objects or machines are easier to deal with. Since both objects and machines have no wills, they do not argue with us. On the contrary, they are always ready to follow our directions. For another, objects or machines are re

32、liable. Unlike people who sometimes hurt our feelings, they never cheat us. In addition, I suppose, these people cannot adapt themselves to the human world of competition.5）因果 People vary, and that is why you often find various approaches to life. For those who are content with the direction their l

33、ife is heading, the idea of change would probably send shivers through them. This is due to the fact that they are at a point where they are satisfied with the way they have maximized their God-given potential. That is a positive reason for dreading change.6）類比 The perfect short story is written wit

34、h a poets sensitivity for language, with a poets precision. The shape and sounds and rhythms of the words are more commonly part of the effect that they usually are in the novel. Just as in a poem, the bare words themselves are never the complete meaning. They interact with each other. Their sounds do things. How they are placed on the pa