國(guó)立中正大學(xué)社會(huì)福利研究所教學(xué)大綱

1、.PAGE ：.；PAGE 10國(guó)立中正大學(xué)社會(huì)福利研討所教學(xué)大綱98學(xué)年度第2學(xué)期 編 號(hào)：3105154 科目名稱：全球化與福利國(guó)家 授課老師：呂建德 英文譯名：Globalization and the welfare stateJen-Der LueDepartment of Social WelfareNational Chung-Chen UniversityMing-Hsiung, Chia-I, 621Taiwan , R.O.C.: 00886-5-2428307Fax: 00886-5-2720810: HYPERLINK mailto:.tw

2、.tw課程說(shuō)明全球化業(yè)已在世界各國(guó)引起廣泛的討論了。究竟經(jīng)濟(jì)的全球化對(duì)於福利國(guó)家的未來(lái)是一種挑戰(zhàn)或是一種轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)？我們現(xiàn)在所看到的福利國(guó)家，乃是西北歐與美國(guó)等工業(yè)先進(jìn)國(guó)家，有鑒於兩次大戰(zhàn)之間所爆發(fā)的經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)及其伴隨而來(lái)的社會(huì)動(dòng)盪，透過(guò)國(guó)家諸多積極介入手段以尋求集體對(duì)抗社會(huì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的制度安排。如所週知，這個(gè)尋求集體社會(huì)平安的制度安排，主要是奠基在由凱因斯所提供的總體經(jīng)濟(jì)管理理論：透過(guò)充分就業(yè)與國(guó)家總體經(jīng)濟(jì)的調(diào)控等政策，現(xiàn)代國(guó)家得以提供福利國(guó)家賴以維繫的財(cái)稅基礎(chǔ)與可供以重分配的財(cái)源。凱因斯主義在戰(zhàn)後成為跨越左右兩派意識(shí)型態(tài)的經(jīng)濟(jì)主張，為國(guó)家積極介入勞動(dòng)市場(chǎng)與提供積極的移轉(zhuǎn)性支付

3、transfer payment提供了一個(gè)堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的理論辯護(hù)基礎(chǔ)。同時(shí)，也透過(guò)管理式資本主義的方式為經(jīng)濟(jì)成長(zhǎng)與平均分配提供了一個(gè)結(jié)合的能夠性，而且不一定要透過(guò)將生產(chǎn)工具收歸國(guó)有的手段 (Pierson, 1991: 26-28)。充分就業(yè)的目標(biāo)得以完成，主要有賴於國(guó)家能有效控制資本的流動(dòng)，這又透過(guò)各國(guó)央行有效的利率政策。透過(guò)中央銀行的利率政策可以有效地調(diào)節(jié)資本的流動(dòng)，並且侷限在民族國(guó)家的範(fàn)圍內(nèi)。這種一國(guó)凱因斯主義勝利的條件主要有賴於戰(zhàn)後以美國(guó)為首，為了安定全球資本主義發(fā)展所建立起來(lái)的布林頓森林協(xié)議Bretton Wood Agreement。布林頓森林協(xié)議取代了一次大戰(zhàn)前的金本位體制，而代之以美金

4、本位體制，其手段是藉由各國(guó)貨幣以美金做為計(jì)價(jià)單位，透過(guò)穩(wěn)定貨幣兌換率的制度使各國(guó)外貿(mào)買賣得以順利進(jìn)行。七零年代中期所出現(xiàn)的兩次石油危機(jī)破壞了布林頓森林協(xié)議所提供的穩(wěn)定的買賣環(huán)境。美國(guó)基於 要素的考慮放棄了美金本位體制，而代之以浮動(dòng)匯率制(Cerny, 1990: 222)。全球化對(duì)於福利國(guó)家繼續(xù)維繫最大的挑戰(zhàn)在於：一個(gè)國(guó)家的國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)被迫暴露於開放的世界經(jīng)濟(jì)。過(guò)去是國(guó)家能透過(guò)某些制度與政策工具管理市場(chǎng)；在經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的條件下則是各個(gè)民族國(guó)家浮游於競(jìng)爭(zhēng)益趨猛烈的市場(chǎng)大海之上，失去了國(guó)家駕馭市場(chǎng)機(jī)能的才干，並據(jù)以創(chuàng)造維繫大眾忠誠(chéng)，保證公民福利權(quán)的資源。在經(jīng)濟(jì)日趨國(guó)際化的情況下，國(guó)家假設(shè)考慮採(cǎi)取某些凱因

5、斯式的政策手段來(lái)保護(hù)國(guó)內(nèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)，結(jié)果往往適得其反。凱因斯式的福利國(guó)家的失敗在於總體經(jīng)濟(jì)需求面的管理已經(jīng)宣告為不能夠，取而代之的是中間與微觀層次的調(diào)控(Cerny, 1990: 222)。國(guó)家已經(jīng)不能夠達(dá)成充分就業(yè)的目標(biāo)(Offe, 1995)，取而代之的是國(guó)家能提供多少有利具競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的條件來(lái)吸引外資的投入。國(guó)家在提高本國(guó)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力時(shí)必須採(cǎi)取假設(shè)干措施，例如鼓勵(lì)某些戰(zhàn)略性產(chǎn)業(yè)，但同時(shí)解散不具備競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的夕陽(yáng)工業(yè)。在此一轉(zhuǎn)化到第三次工業(yè)革命的過(guò)程中，其代價(jià)就是呵斥某些所謂不適任勞工的間歇性失業(yè)與隨之而來(lái)的高失業(yè)率，這就是西北歐自八零年代末期以來(lái)所經(jīng)歷的結(jié)構(gòu)性失業(yè)姿態(tài)。綜言之，由於以下三個(gè)要素的影響，福利國(guó)家

6、賴以維繫的財(cái)政基礎(chǔ)遭到嚴(yán)重侵蝕：資本市場(chǎng)的全球化勞動(dòng)市場(chǎng)的彈性化經(jīng)濟(jì)生產(chǎn)的國(guó)際化面對(duì)此一國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)分工次序的重組與變化，究竟各工業(yè)民主國(guó)家俾斯麥方式的德國(guó)、貝佛里奇方式的瑞典與美國(guó)是如何因應(yīng)的？福利國(guó)家的去控制化真的是因應(yīng)經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化所不得不採(cǎi)取的因應(yīng)戰(zhàn)略，或是新保守與新自在主義政治戰(zhàn)略勝利使然？全球化對(duì)於臺(tái)灣正茁生中的社會(huì)福利部門具有什麼樣的意涵？課程計(jì)畫時(shí)間主題/參考文章報(bào)告人備注第一週2月24日開學(xué)Introduction：為什麼研討全球Rethinking Globalization: Glocalization/Globalization and Something/Nothing第二週

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8、lobalization: A World-System Perspective. HYPERLINK /wsystems/archive/papers/c-d&hall/wc98.htm /wsystems/archive/papers/c-d&hall/wc98.htm 呂建德第三週3月10日全球化與福利國(guó)家：一個(gè)分析的架構(gòu)呂建德(2001) 從福利國(guó)家到競(jìng)爭(zhēng)式國(guó)家？全球化與福利國(guó)家的危機(jī). 臺(tái)灣社會(huì)學(xué)第二期: 263-313. Genschel, P. (2004) Globalization and the welfare

9、 state: a retrospective. Journal of European Public Policy 11(4): 613-636.呂建德第四週3月17日經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的緣由及其後果Hirst, P./Thompson, G. (2000) Globalization in Question: The International Economy and the Possibilities of Governance. Cambridge: Polity, chap. 2.Garrett. G. (2000) The Causes of Globalization. Comparat

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11、全球化與社會(huì)不平等. 收錄於:張世雄主編, 全球平等與社會(huì)正義. 臺(tái)北: 殷海光文教基金會(huì)， 頁(yè)165-221.Baldwin, R.E./Martin, P. (1999) Two Waves of Globalization: Superficial Similiarities, Fundemental Differences, NBOER Working Paper 6904. 第五週3月24日金融市場(chǎng)全球化及其對(duì)福利國(guó)家的衝擊Simmons, B. A. (1999) The Internationalization of Capital, in: H. Kitschelt et al

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13、擊Rodrik, D. (1997) Has Globalization gone too far?. Washington, D.C.: Brookling Institute for International Economics, Chap. 3,4,5.Wood, A. (1995) How Trade Hurt Unskilled Workers? Journal of Economic Perspectives 9(3): 57-80. Regini, M. (2000) Between Deregulation and Social Pacts: The Responses of

14、 European Economies to Globalization. Politics and Society 28(1): 5-33.第七週4月7日校際活動(dòng)： 全球化下的國(guó)際租稅競(jìng)爭(zhēng)Genschel, P. (2001) Globalization, tax competition, and the fiscial viability of the welfare state. MPIFG Discussion Paper 01/1. Koeln. Swank, D. (1998) Funding the Welfare State: Globalization and the Tax

15、ation of Business in Advanced Market Economies. Political Studies XLVI: 671-692.第八週4月14日全球化趨勢(shì)下的福利改革政治Garrett, G. and D. Mitchell (2001) Globalization, government spending and taxation in the OECD. European Journal of Political Research 39: 145-177.Schwartz, Herman (2001) Round Up the Usual Suspects!

16、 Globalization, Domestic Politics, and the Welfare State, in: P. Pierson (eds.) The New Politics of the Welfare State. Oxford: Oxford UP, pp. 17-44.Hicks, A. and C. Zorn (2005) Economic globalization, the macro-economy, and the reversals of welfare expansion in affluent democracies, International Or

17、ganization 60: 第九週4月21日經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化對(duì)於各類型福利體制的衝擊與影響Swank, D. (2003) Withering Welfare? Globalization, political economic institutions, and contemporary welfare states. In: Linda Weiss (ed.) States in the Global Economy: Bringing Domestic Institutions Back In. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, pp. 58-82.Korpi, W. and

18、 Palme, J. (2003) New Politics and Class Politics in the Context of Austerity and Globalization: Welfare State Regress in 18 Countries, 1975-95. American Political Science Review 97(3): 425-46.Burgoon, B. (2001) Globalization and Welfare Compensation: Disentangling the Ties that Bind International O

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20、Capital, Political Institutions, and Policy Change in Developed Welfare States, Chap. 5: Globalization and Policy Change in Corporatist Conservative Welfare States. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, pp. 161-217.Manow, P./Seils, E. (2000) Adjusting Badly: The German Welfare State, Structural Change, and the O

21、pen Economy, in: Scharpf/Schmidt(eds.), pp. 264-307.第十一週5月5日經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化對(duì)於社會(huì)民主式福利國(guó)家的衝擊Swank, D. (2002) Global Capital, Political Institutions, and Policy Change in Developed Welfare States, Chap. 4: Big Welfare States in Global Markets: Internationalization and Welfare State Reform in the Nordic Social Dem

22、ocracies. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, pp. 161-217.1. Benner, M./Vad, T. B. (2000) Sweden and Denmark: Defending the Welfare State, in Charpf/Schmidt (eds.), pp. 399-466.第十二週5月12日經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化對(duì)於自在主義福利國(guó)家的衝擊Swank, D. (2002) Global Capital, Political Institutions, and Policy Change in Developed Welfare States, Cha

23、p. 6: Internationalization and Liberal Welfare States: A Synopsis. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, pp. 218-242.第十三週5月19日福利國(guó)家能否有效面對(duì)全球化的衝擊？Gough, Ian (1996) Social Welfare and Competitiveness, New Political Economy 1(2): 209-232.Scharpf, F. W. (1999) The Viability of Advanced Welfare States in the Internatio

24、nal Economy: Vulnerabilities and Options. MPIFG Discussion Paper 99/9. Koeln. Hicks, A. (1999) Social Democracy and Welfare Capitalism: A Century of Income Security Politics. Ithaca/London: Cornell Uni. Press, Chap. 7, 8.第十四週5月26日經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化下小國(guó)回應(yīng)的戰(zhàn)略分析呂建德2003經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化與福利改革的政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)：荷蘭與丹麥經(jīng)驗(yàn)的分析，社會(huì)政策與社會(huì)任務(wù)學(xué)刊七卷二期：121-

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29、en Fragmentation and Integration, Leibfried, S./Pierson, P. (eds.). Washington, D.C.: Brooklings Institution, pp. 43-77.第十六週6月9日經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化對(duì)於東亞福利體制特別是臺(tái)灣的衝擊與影響Holliday, I. (2000) Productivist Welfare Capitalism: Social Policy in East Asia, Political Studies 48: 706-723.Ramesh, M. (2003) Globalizationa and

30、social security expansion in East Asia. In: Linda Weiss (ed.) States in the Global Economy: Bringing Domestic Institutions Back In. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, pp. 83-98.第十七週6月16日端午節(jié)第十八週6月23日繳交報(bào)告以報(bào)告討論方式進(jìn)行 打號(hào)者為建議閱讀讀物書面報(bào)告請(qǐng)於June, 23. 2021前交齊，報(bào)告題目含綱要及書目則請(qǐng)於 April. 14. 2021繳交Suggested Further Reading於圖書館教授指定

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