高考英語寫作專題經(jīng)典講座十三 并列句與復(fù)合句的法則

1、PAGE 第PAGE 頁碼4頁/總NUMPAGES 總頁數(shù)4頁Evaluation Warning: The document was created with Spire.Doc for .NET.寫作專題十三 并列句與復(fù)合句的法則并列句與復(fù)合句的法則一并列句與復(fù)合句的法則： M-1= 引導(dǎo)詞數(shù)目具有兩套或以上主謂系統(tǒng)，兩套主謂系統(tǒng)用并列連詞“and, or, but, so”中的任何一個連接叫做并列句。兩套主謂系統(tǒng)用引導(dǎo)詞例如“when, that, what, how, where”等等中的任何一個連接叫做復(fù)合句。并列句與復(fù)合句必須符合M-1= 引導(dǎo)詞數(shù)目的標準。也就是說，主謂系統(tǒng)的數(shù)目

2、減去一等于連接詞的數(shù)目，連接詞包括并列連詞與引導(dǎo)詞。下面的例句中，主謂系統(tǒng)劃線,非謂語斜體。并列句1. Caught in rain yesterday, he is ill toady, but he has gone to school. (兩套主謂系統(tǒng)用but進行連接，符合“M-1= 連接詞數(shù)目”的標準)2. He has no choice but to finish all his homework today, or it will be too late. (兩套主謂系統(tǒng)用or進行連接，符合“M-1= 連接詞數(shù)目”的標準)3. Walking alone along the ri

3、ver bank, I came into Peter, and he took me to his home. (兩套主謂系統(tǒng)用and進行連接，符合“M-1= 連接詞數(shù)目”的標準)復(fù)合句1. Because he was caught in rain yesterday, he is ill toady, but he has gone to school. (三套主謂系統(tǒng)用Because與but進行連接，符合“M-1= 連接詞數(shù)目”的標準)2. When I was walking alone along the river bank, I came into Peter, who too

4、k me to his home. (三套主謂系統(tǒng)用When與who進行連接，符合“M-1= 連接詞數(shù)目”的標準)3. Helped by his teacher, he made great progress in English, which he had been very much afraid of. (兩套主謂系統(tǒng)用which 進行連接，符合“M-1= 連接詞數(shù)目”的標準)注意：非謂語形式不屬于主謂系統(tǒng)，所以它的數(shù)目與連接詞的數(shù)目沒有函數(shù)關(guān)系。例句3具有的非謂語形式 Helped，不會使例句3增減任何連接詞。二M-1= 引導(dǎo)詞數(shù)目的檢測作用符合“M-1= 引導(dǎo)詞數(shù)目”規(guī)則的句子都是

5、正確的句子，違反之的句子都是錯誤的句子。例如，1. Because no one can live in a city with only one pound a day, so he had to ask his friends for help.2. I did not want to go out on such a cold day, but he insisted, I had to.句子1含有兩套主謂系統(tǒng)（劃線部分），應(yīng)該只有一個引導(dǎo)詞，所以because與so只能保留一個。句子2含有3套主謂系統(tǒng)（劃線部分），應(yīng)該有2個引導(dǎo)詞，所以but的后面應(yīng)該加because才正確。句子可以表

6、述為：I did not want to go out on such a cold day, but because he insisted, I had to.或者，I did not want to go out on such a cold day, but I had to because he insisted. 只要掌握公式，無論從句怎樣移動，我們都能夠應(yīng)付自如。三：配套練習(xí)：填上適當?shù)囊龑?dǎo)詞：1. It is almost five years _ we saw each other last time. 2. Dont leave the sharp knife _ our

7、little Jane can get it. 3. Several weeks had gone by _ I realized the painting was missing. 4. Parents should take seriously their childrens requests for sun glasses _ eye protection is necessary in sunny weather. 5. _ modeling business is by no means easy to get into, the good model will always be

8、in demand. 6. I want to know _ the thief was caught on the spot. 7. Our club is open to adults only. It seems _ your children have entered without permission. 8. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _ I disagree. 9. The road is covered with snow. 1 cant understand _ they insist

9、on going by motorbike. 10. A modern city has been set up in _ was a wasteland ten years ago. 11. Do you still remember the chicken farm _ we visited three months ago?12. There were dirty marks on her trousers _ she had wiped her hands. 13. George Orwell，_ real name was Eric Arthur， wrote many politi

10、cal novels and essays.14. _ is reported in the newspaper, talks between the two countries are making progress. 15. It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year, _ for the first time in years their team won the World Cup.配套練習(xí)答案：填上適當?shù)囊龑?dǎo)詞：1. 解釋：這是時間狀語從句的一個習(xí)慣的時態(tài)搭配，我們用since表示持續(xù)的時間，“自從上次以來，

11、已經(jīng)5年沒見了”。2. 解釋：這是地點狀語從句，用where表示地點，意思是“別把鋒利的刀放在Jane夠得著的地方”。3. 解釋：這是時間狀語從句，用before 表示“才”，意思是“過了幾周我才意識到”。4. 解釋：這是原因時間狀語從句，用because表示，意思是“因為可以保護眼睛”。5. 解釋：這是讓步狀語從句，用While或者Though表示“雖然”的意思。6. 解釋：應(yīng)該用whether，意思是, “賊是否被當場抓住了”7. 解釋：從句內(nèi)部的結(jié)構(gòu)完整，應(yīng)該用that,它不充當任何成分，只是起到連接作用。8. 解釋：從句內(nèi)部的結(jié)構(gòu)不完整，應(yīng)該用where 補充，意思是“這就是我們有分歧

12、的地方”。9. 解釋：從句內(nèi)部的結(jié)構(gòu)不完整，應(yīng)該用why 補充，意思是“這就是為什么他們堅持騎摩托車去的原因”。10. 解釋：從句內(nèi)部的結(jié)構(gòu)不完整，應(yīng)該用what 補充，充當從句主語，意思是“在10年前曾經(jīng)是荒原的地方。”11. 解釋：應(yīng)該用that /which，在從句中充當賓語。12. 解釋：應(yīng)該用where，在從句中充當?shù)攸c狀語，可以還原為“she had wiped her hands on the trousers”,其中on the trousers就是地點狀語“on which”,等于where。13. 解釋：應(yīng)該用whose，在從句中充當定語，代替所有格George Orwells,可以還原為“George Orwells real name was Eric Arthur”,其中所有格George Orwells 就是whose。14. 解釋