2022年考研英語二真題預(yù)測完整版

1、考研英語(二)真題預(yù)測完整版-1-1614:46教育在線Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered black and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)The Internet affords anonymity to its users, a blessing to privacy and freedom of speech. But that very anonymi

2、ty is also behind the explosion of cyber-crime that hasl across the Web.Can privacy be preserved2.bringing safety and security to a world that seems increasingly 3 ?Last month, Howard Schmidt, the nations cyber-czar, offered the federal government a 4 to make the Web a safer place-a voluntary truste

3、d identity“ system that would be the high-tech 5pf a physical key, a fingerprint and a photo ID card, all rolled 6_one. The system might use a smart identity card, or a digital credentialito a specific computer .and would authenticate users at a range of online services.The idea is to 8a federation

4、of private online identity systems .User could9 which system to join, and only registered users whose identities have been authenticated could navigate those systems. The approach contrasts with one that would require an Internet drivers license LQ_by the government.Google and Microsoft are among co

5、mpanies that already have thesesingle sign-on systems that make it possible for users to 11 just once but use many different services.12 .the approach would create a walled garden” n cyberspace, with safe neighborhoods” and bright “streetlights“ to establish a sense of a 13 community.Mr. Schmidt des

6、cribed it as a voluntary ecosystem, in which individuals and organizations can complete online transactions with 14, trusting the identities of each other and the identities of the infrastructure 15 which the transaction runs”。Still, the administrations plan has 16 privacy rights activists. Some app

7、laud the approach； others are concerned. It seems clear that such a scheme is an initiative push toward what would 17 be a compulsory Internet drives license mentality.The plan has also been greeted witlilS by some computer security experts, who worry that the voluntary ecosystem envisioned by Mr. S

8、chmidt would still leave much of the Internet 19 .They argue that alllnternetusers should be20 to register and identify themselves， in the same way that drivers must be licensed to drive on public roads.A.for B.within C.while D.thoughA.information B.interference C.entertainment D.equivalentA.carry o

9、n B.linger on C.set in D.log inA.In vain B.In effect C.In return D.In contrastA.frequestly B.incidentally C.occasionally D.eventuallyA.skepticism B.relerance C.indifference D.enthusiasmA.manageable B.defendable C.vulnerable D.invisibleSection II Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions：Read the follow

10、ing four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40points)Text 1Ruth Simmons joined Goldman Sachss board as an outside director in January ： a year later she became president ofBrown University. F or the rest of the decade she appar

11、ently managed both roles without attracting much eroticism. But by the end of Ms. Simmons was under fire for having sat on Goldmans compensation committee； how could she have let those enormous bonus payouts pass unremarked? By February the next year Ms. Simmons had left the board. The position was

12、just taking up too much time, she said.Outside directors are supposed to serve as helpful, yet less biased, advisers on a firms board. Having made their wealth and their reputations elsewhere, they presumably have enough independence to disagree with the chief executives proposals. If the sky, and t

13、he share price is falling, outside directors should be able to give advice based on having weathered their own crises.The researchers from Ohio University used a database hat covered more than 10, 000 firms and more than 64, 000 different directors between 1989 and. Then they simply checked which di

14、rectors stayed from one proxy statement to the next. The most likely reason for departing a board was age, so the researchers concentrated on those “surprise” disappearances by directors under the age of 70, They fount that after a surprise departure, the probability that the company will subsequent

15、ly have to restate earnings increased by nearly 20%. The likelihood ofbeing named in a federal class-action lawsuit also increases, and the stock is likely to perform worse. The effect tended to be larger for larger firms. Although a correlation between them leaving and subsequent bad performance at

16、 the firm is suggestive, it does not mean that such directors are always jumping off a sinking ship. Often they “trade up. Leaving riskier, smaller firms for larger and more stable firms.But the researchers believe that outside directors have an easier time of avoiding a blow to their reputations if

17、 they leave a firm before bad news breaks, even if a review of history shows theywere on the board at the time any wrongdoing occurred. F irms who want to keep their outside directors through tough times may have to create incentives. Otherwise outside directors will follow the example ofMs. Simmons

18、, once again very popular on campus.According to Paragraph 1, Ms. Simmons was criticized for.Againing excessive profitsBfailing to fulfill her dutyCrefusing to make compromisesDleaving the board in tough timesWe learn from Paragraph 2 that outside directors are supposed to be .Agenerous investorsunb

19、iased executivesCshare price forecastersDindependent advisersAccording to the researchers from Ohio University after an outside directors surprise departure, the firm is likely to.Abecome more stableBreport increased earningsC do less well in the stock marketDperform worse in lawsuitsIt can be infer

20、red from the last paragraph that outside directors .A may stay for the attractive offers from the firmBhave often had records of wrongdoings in the firmCare accustomed to stress-free work in the firmDwill decline incentives from the firmThe authors attitude toward the role of outside directors is .A

21、 permissiveBpositiveCscornfulDcriticalText 2Whatever happened to the death of newspaper? A year ago the end seemed near. The recession threatened to remove the advertising and readers that had not already fled to the internet. Newspapers like the San Francisco Chronicle were chronicling their own do

22、om. Americas F ederal Trade commission launched around of talks about how to save newspapers. Should theybecome charitable corporations? Should the state subsidize them ? It will hold another meeting soon. But the discussions now seem out of date.In much ofthe world there is the sign of crisis. Germ

23、an and Brazilian papers have shrugged off the recession. Even American newspapers, which inhabit the most troubled come ofthe global industry, have not only survived but often returned to profit. Not the 20% profit margins that were routine a few years ago, but profit all the same.It has not been mu

24、ch fun. Many papers stayed afloat by pushing journalists overboard. The American Society ofN ews Editors reckons that 13, 500 newsroomj obs have gone since. Readers are paying more for slimmer products. Some papers even had the nerve to refuse delivery to distant suburbs. Yet these desperate measure

25、s have proved the right ones and, sadly for many journalists， they can be pushed further.Newspapers are becoming more balanced businesses, with a healthier mix of revenues from readers and advertisers. American papers have long been highly unusual in their reliance on ads. Fully 87% of their revenues came from advertising in, according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation Development (OECD) 。 In Japan the proportion is 35%. Not surprisingly, Japanese newspap