冀教版九年級英語 Unit 7 Work for Peace. 背景材料 the Student Council

1、 3/3背景材料：the Student CouncilThe Student Council is a HYPERLINK /wiki/Curriculum o Curriculum curricular(課外的) or HYPERLINK /wiki/Extracurricular_activity o Extracurricular activity extracurricular activity(課外活動) for HYPERLINK /wiki/Student o Student students within elementary and secondary schools ar

2、ound the world. Present in most HYPERLINK /wiki/Public_school_(government_funded) o Public school (government funded) public and HYPERLINK /wiki/Private_school o Private school private K-12( HYPERLINK /wiki/Kindergarten o Kindergarten kindergarten (K) for 4 to 6-year-olds through HYPERLINK /wiki/Twe

3、lfth_grade o Twelfth grade twelfth grade)school systems across the United States, Canada, Australia and Asia. These bodies are alternatively entitled student council, student government, Associated Student Body, Student Activity Council, Student Council Association or S.C.A. Student councils often s

4、erve to HYPERLINK /wiki/Student_engagement o Student engagement engage students in learning about HYPERLINK /wiki/Democracy o Democracy democracy(民主) and HYPERLINK /wiki/Leadership o Leadership leadership, as originally espoused by HYPERLINK /wiki/John_Dewey o John Dewey John Dewey in HYPERLINK /wik

5、i/Democracy_and_Education o wikisource:Democracy and Education Democracy and EducationThe student council helps share HYPERLINK /wiki/Student_voice o Student voice students ideas, interests, and concerns with HYPERLINK /wiki/Teacher o Teacher teachers and HYPERLINK /wiki/School_principal o School pr

6、incipal school principals. They often also help raise funds for school-wide activities, including social events, community projects, helping people in need and HYPERLINK /wiki/School_reform o School reform school reform. For example most schools do food drives, fundraisers and parties. Many members

7、learn skills that were an extension of their formal education.Student councils operate in many forms. There are representative-based and modeled loosely after the HYPERLINK /wiki/U.S._Congress o U.S. Congress U.S. Congress, or based on the HYPERLINK /wiki/Executive_Branch o Executive Branch Executiv

8、e Branch of the HYPERLINK /wiki/United_States o United States United States, with a President, Vice-President, secretary(秘書), treasurer, and reporter. In this form student representatives and officers are usually elected from and by the HYPERLINK /wiki/Student_body o Student body student body, altho

9、ugh there may be prerequisites(先決條件) for candidacy or suffrage. In HYPERLINK /wiki/Elementary_schools o Elementary schools elementary schools, there are typically one or two student representatives per classroom and one presiding set of officers. However, many HYPERLINK /wiki/Secondary_schools o Sec

10、ondary schools secondary schools have one set of officers per grade level.An example of the structure of an HYPERLINK /wiki/Elementary_school o Elementary school elementary student council may include a president, a vice president, secretary, treasurer, sergeant of arms, fundraising officer, histori

11、an, boys rep, and girls rep. These roles may be assigned or voted on, either within the student council or by the entire student body. They may also reflect descending(下滑，下降) grade-levels, with the president in the oldest grade, and so forth. Secondary school governments often have more independence

12、 and power than younger governments. Often a student government is overseen(監(jiān)視) by a sponsor, which is usually a teacher at that particular school. Most HYPERLINK /wiki/Junior_high_school o Junior high school junior or middle schoolstudent councils have a constitution of some sort and usually do not

13、 have a judicial branch. Compared to elementary school councils, junior high and high school councils generally have fewer people.In some schools, a student council representative is assigned to each class. That person passes on requests, ideas and complaints from students in that class to the student council. In other schools, the elected HYPERLINK /wiki/Class_Officers o Class Officers Class Officers are automatically members of the student council. Student councils usually do not have funding authority and generally must generate their operating funds through HYPERLINK