英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法：定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)

1、英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法：定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)用來(lái)修飾名詞或代詞，可分為前置定語(yǔ)和后置定語(yǔ)。一般由形容詞、形容詞性物主代詞（my、his、your、her等）、數(shù)詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、不定式短語(yǔ)、分詞或句子充當(dāng)。形容詞作定語(yǔ)The black bike is mine.那輛黑色的自行車是我的。She is a beautiful girl.她是一位漂亮的姑娘。The tall boy is Jimmy.那個(gè)高個(gè)的男生是Jimmy.形容詞性物主代詞作定語(yǔ)Whats your name,please?請(qǐng)問(wèn)你叫什么名字？Whose picture is it?這是誰(shuí)的畫？ This is my bag.這是我的包。數(shù)詞作定

2、語(yǔ)We have four lessons in the morning.我們上午上四節(jié)課。Hainan is the second largest island of China.海南是中國(guó)第二大海島。There are four apples on the table.桌子上有四個(gè)蘋果。介詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)Who is the woman with a baby in her arms?那位抱孩子的女人是誰(shuí)？They stayed at the hotel opposite the station.他們住在車站對(duì)面的旅館。The house next to the post office is

3、my home.郵局旁邊的那座房子就是我家不定式短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)不定式不定式的基本形式：to+動(dòng)詞原形。I have nothing to worry about.我沒(méi)什么好擔(dān)憂的。He gave me some books to read.他給我一些書看。注：不定式不能做謂語(yǔ)。不定式作定語(yǔ)Do you have anything more to say?你還有什么話要說(shuō)嗎？There is nothing to worry about.沒(méi)什么好擔(dān)心的。I have a lot of homework to do.我有很多作業(yè)要做。分詞作定語(yǔ)Barking dogs seldom bite.愛(ài)叫的狗

4、少咬人。Polluted air is harmful to peoples health.污染的空氣對(duì)健康有害。This is one of the houses built last year.這是去年建造的房子中的一座。句子作定語(yǔ)句子作定語(yǔ)即是定語(yǔ)從句She has found the necklace that she lost two weeks ago.她找到了兩年前丟的項(xiàng)鏈。It happened at the time when I left the office.這事就發(fā)生在我離開(kāi)辦公室之時(shí)。狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或副詞。表示行為發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、目的、方式、程度等?？?/p>

5、作狀語(yǔ)的有：副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、不定式、分詞、形容詞、詞組、復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)、從句。副詞作狀語(yǔ)Speak politely.說(shuō)話要有禮貌。It is very nice of you.你真好。Read loudly.大聲讀。介詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)At present about 38% of the Chinese population smoke.目前中國(guó)大約有38%的人吸煙。To his surprise, she criticized him instead of praising him.使他吃驚的是，她不僅沒(méi)有表?yè)P(yáng)他反而批評(píng)了他。Ill be back in two hours. 我兩小時(shí)內(nèi)趕回來(lái)。不定

6、式作狀語(yǔ)To search for gold, many people went to California.為了找黃金，很多人到加利福尼亞去。They lifted a rock only to drop it on their own feet.他們搬起石頭砸了自己的腳。The room is comfortable to live in.這房間住起來(lái)舒服。分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)Working in this way, they greatly cut the cost.用這種方法，他們大大地降低了成本。Compared to many women, she is indeed very fort

7、unate.和很多婦女相比，她的確很幸運(yùn)。形容詞作狀語(yǔ)He spent seven days in the wind and snow, cold and hungry.他在風(fēng)雪中過(guò)了七天，又冷又餓。Tired and hungry, he arrived home.他到家了，又累又餓。Afraid of the dogs, she entered by the back door.由于怕狗，她從后門進(jìn)去。此外，詞組、復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)、從句也可作狀語(yǔ)如： Ill stay here another five months.我將在這里再呆五個(gè)月。（詞組作狀語(yǔ)） He entered the room,

8、his nose red with cold.他走進(jìn)房間，鼻子凍得通紅。（復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)）He asked me to stay where I was.他要我留在原處。（從句作狀語(yǔ)）補(bǔ)語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)是一種補(bǔ)足主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)意義的句子成分，補(bǔ)足主語(yǔ)意義的句子成分叫做主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，補(bǔ)足賓語(yǔ)意義的句子成分叫做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)?？勺餮a(bǔ)語(yǔ)的詞語(yǔ)有形容詞、名詞、不定式、分詞、介詞短語(yǔ)等。名詞作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)They named the child Jimmy.他們給孩子取名吉米。We call him Mr.Chen.我們叫他陳老師。The cat is named Kitty.那只小貓名叫Kitty.形容詞作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)He was found d

9、ead.他被發(fā)現(xiàn)死了。She boiled the egg hard.她把雞蛋煮老了。What you said makes me angry.你的話讓我生氣了。不定式作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)He was seen to go upstairs.有人看見(jiàn)他上樓了。Mary ask me to go with her.瑪麗叫我和她一起去。We believe him to be guilty.我們相信他是有罪的。分詞作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)He came home quite sad.他回到家時(shí)好難過(guò)。I found the book very interesting.我發(fā)現(xiàn)那本書很有趣。We hear her singing in the garden.我們聽(tīng)到她在花園里唱歌。介詞短語(yǔ)作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)He came home out of humour.他回到家時(shí)很不高興。Everything was in good condition.一切都好。Miss Liu came into the classroom with a book in hand.劉老師走進(jìn)教室，