托福閱讀材料之性格與體重種關系

1、智課網TOEFL備考資料托福閱讀材料之性格與體重的10種關系 Whether youre the life of the party, a bookworm or a night owl, your personality plays a surprisingly large role in your ability to slim down. Follow this guide to discover your personality type and use your own characteristics to lose weight and keep it off for good.

2、不論你是派對狂、大書蟲還是夜貓子，你的性格都會極大地影響你的減肥能力。從下面找出你的性格類型，然后根據自己的性格特點來成功減肥吧。 If youre impulsive. 如果你是沖動型 In a famous 1972 study, scientists offered young children a choice between a single marshmallow immediately or, if they could wait 15 minutes, two marshmallows. Those who waited went onto experience more su

3、ccess and higher SAT scores later on in life. The ability to delay gratification also relates to weight loss, says Art Markman, Ph.D., professor of psychology at the University of Texas. 在1972年一個著名研究中，科學家讓一幫小孩選擇是立即得到一個棉花糖，還是等15分鐘后得到兩個棉花糖。結果證明選擇耐心等待的小孩日后在生活中能獲得更高分數或更大成就。德克薩斯大學的心理學教授阿特-馬克曼認為，延遲滿足感的能力和

4、減肥大有關聯。 People tend to be either a one-marshmallow person or a two-marshmallow person. If youre struggling with weight loss, you are more likely a one-marshmallow person. Eliminating little temptations will help: stop stocking your pantry with junk food, and avoid the break room at work when you kno

5、w there will be leftover treats. 他說：“人們不是一個棉花糖型就是兩個棉花糖型，如果減肥對你而言很痛苦，那你很可能是一個棉花糖型。戰(zhàn)勝小誘惑能有所幫助：停止往食品柜里囤積垃圾食品，工作時避開留有點心的休息室。 If youre reliable. 如果你是可靠型 Always on time? Follow rules by the book? It means youre conscientious, a trait that makes it easier to stick with an eating or fitness plan. However, w

6、hether youre conscientious or not, theres a paradox in that creating a plan forces you to think about food all the time, which can work against you. 總是準點準時？總是循規(guī)蹈矩？這說明你很認真，很容易把一套飲食或健身計劃堅持下去。不過矛盾的是，不管你是否認真，制定計劃或許反倒會逼你一直想著食物，結果適得其反。 The solution: create routines not specifically about dropping pounds t

7、hat will still lead to weight loss, Markman suggests. For example, instead of driving your kids the mile to school, start walking with them. 馬克曼認為解決辦法就是：減肥計劃不要制定得具體到究竟要減掉多少體重。比如，你以前都是開車送小孩上學，現在可以嘗試走過去。 If youre prone to mood swings. 如果你是情緒波動型 The way you ride lifes rollercoaster determines your emot

8、ional stability. If youre emotionally excitable, things are either very good or the worst ever, says Markman. Some people are emotional eaters, so the more youre on the emotional rollercoaster the more likely you are to reach for food. 你如何應對“人生過山車”會影響你的情緒穩(wěn)定性?！叭绻闱榫w易激動，事情不是極好就是極差。”馬克曼說。有些人會情緒化地吃東西。所以

9、，你越容易情緒波動，就越會尋求食物安慰。 The more excited you are in general, the more likely you are to take action, and eating is an action, says Markman. Learn to recognize your own ups and downs and try to take action in healthier ways, like calling a friend or sweating your stress away with a workout. “通常你越激動就越想做點

10、什么，吃東西剛好能讓你做點什么。”馬克曼說。你應該學會了解自己的情緒波動，嘗試采取健康的方式，比如打電話給朋友或通過運動來宣泄壓力。 If youre quiet. 如果你是安靜型 People who prefer curling up with a book over a night out at the bar may have a leg up on weight loss. Introverts may have a more thoughtful, less impulsive style that enables them to consider their choices mo

11、re rationally, says Heidi Hanna, Ph.D., performance coach and author of The Sharp Solution: A Brain-Based Approach for Optimal Performance. 就算在酒吧也情愿蜷縮著看書度過夜晚的人，在減肥上很占優(yōu)勢。“內向的人比較細微，不太容易沖動，所以也更容易理性地作出選擇?！毙袨榻叹毢５?漢娜說道，她著有精銳方案：贏得最佳成就的大腦方法。 Introverts are more likely to possess qualities that enable them t

12、o commit to a healthy diet and regular exercise routine, both of which require restraint, difficult for more impulsive people, she says. Extroverts should plan ahead for situations that test willpower. If you know youre headed to a party, for instance, eat a healthy snack beforehand so youll be less

13、 likely to scarf down junk. “內向的人所具備的性格特點能讓他們堅持健康飲食和規(guī)律運動，這兩樣都需要節(jié)制，沖動的人很難做到?！彼f。面對考驗意志力的情況，外向的人應該提前做好準備。舉個例子，當你知道自己要參加宴會時，就提前吃點健康的點心，以免在宴會上吃太多垃圾食品。 If youre the life of the party. 如果你是派對型 Outgoing people tend to allow stress to accumulate to the point thats known as amygdala hijack, says Hanna. This

14、is where we utilize the more basic, primitive part of our brain versus our more human pre-frontal cortex. The latter allows us to consider our longer-term goals and make healthier choices, says Hanna. This pleasure-based eating has been shown to trigger an addictive response that often leads to over

15、eating high-calorie, high-fat comfort foods. If you enjoy being the center of attention, try putting yourself in social situations that dont involve food, suggests Markman. 外向的人會讓壓力累計到一定程度，即所謂的“杏仁核劫持”，漢娜說道。這時，較之于更人性化的前額葉皮質，大腦中最基本最原始的部分更加活躍。漢娜說：“前額葉皮質確保我們思考長遠計劃并做出健康選擇。事實證明，為圖快感而吃東西會誘發(fā)上癮反應，進而導致過度攝入高能量

16、高脂肪的安慰性食品?！?“如果你希望受人關注，可以嘗試融入沒有食物的環(huán)境里?！瘪R克曼建議說。 If youre often hard on yourself. 如果你是自我苛求型 People who lack self-compassion have a huge negative reaction every time they make a mistake, says Markman. Those high in self-compassion simply move on and vow to not make the same mistake again. If youre hard

17、 on yourself, youre more likely to continue overeating after youre slipped up, since realizing youve overeaten leads to feelings of hopelessness. If youre not self-compassionate by nature, you need to work on forgiving yourself, says Markman. Follow this advice to becoming your own best friend.“ 那些對

18、自己嚴苛的人每次犯錯都會表現得非常消極?！瘪R克曼說?！岸鴮ψ约簩捄偷娜藙t會順其自然，告訴自己下次不再犯同樣錯誤就過去了。”“如果你對自己要求很嚴，那你很可能在犯錯后暴飲暴食，然后你又因為自己暴飲暴食而感到絕望。如果你不是天生就對自己這么苛求的人，那請原諒自己吧?！瘪R克曼說。試試這個建議，做自己最好的朋友吧。 If youre a night owl. 如果你是夜貓子型 Staying up until the wee hours may wreak havoc with your waistline. Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania

19、found that people who were kept up until 4 a.m. ate 550 additional calories during their late night hours. Whats more, a higher percentage of the late-night calories came from high-fat foods than they did during daytime hours. 熬夜直到凌晨可能會嚴重毀掉你的腰型。賓夕法尼亞大學的研究人員發(fā)現，熬夜到凌晨4點的人在熬夜期間能消耗掉550單位的額外卡路里。而且，大部分夜間卡路

20、里是從白天吸收的高脂肪食物中釋放出來的。 If youre an early bird. 如果你是早起鳥型 In an Australian study, participants who woke up early were less likely to be overweight than night owls - even though both groups slept the same number of hours. Although this study involved young children, the results are likely applicable to a

21、dults as well, says Allen Towfigh, M.D., sleep specialist and neurologist affiliated with Weill Cornell Medical Center and New York Presbyterian Hospital in New York City. If you love to sleep in, you may not be getting enough sleep, in which case you need to go to bed earlier to increase your total

22、 sleep time. Towfigh recommends adults strive for seven to nine hours of sleep per night. 某個澳大利亞研究表明，較之于夜貓子，早起的人不太容易發(fā)胖即便他們的睡眠時間完全一樣。盡管該研究也涉及到小孩，但結果很可能也適用于成人，醫(yī)學博士艾倫-托費說道。他是威爾康奈爾醫(yī)學中心以及紐約市紐約長老會醫(yī)院的睡眠專家?！叭绻銗鬯瘧杏X，或許會常常覺得睡眠不足，這種情況下你應該早點上床來增加總體睡眠時間?！蓖匈M建議成年人每晚睡足七到九個小時。 If youre self-centered. 如果你是自我中心型 Being

23、 a little stuck on yourself may not be such a bad thing when trying to lose weight. Self-centered people tend to consider their own interests, which could lead them to better conserve their energy and have more willpower to make healthy choices, says Hanna. 努力減肥時，稍微以自我為中心并不見得是壞事?！白晕抑行牡娜送鶗紤]自己的利益，因此

24、他們也更愿投入精力和毅力來堅持健康選擇?！睗h娜說。 People-pleasers, on the other hand, may get overly stressed about helping everyone else and find themselves depleted at the end of the day. This often triggers poor food choices, says Hanna. Instead, practice being more selfish in asking for what you want and sticking to it without feeling gu