閱讀理解專題推理判題課件

1、Reading Comprehension-Inference Questions 閱讀理解專題-推理判斷題1. 推斷隱含意義 2.推斷作者觀點(diǎn)或態(tài)度 3.推斷寫作目的 4.推斷文章出處 5.推斷上下文內(nèi)容 閱讀推理判斷題推斷題分類There are three men on a train. Mr A speaks English and Chinese. Mr B speaksFrench and English. Mr C can only talk with Mr A. What language does Mr C speak? Chinese. 1. Question forms:

2、 It can be inferred from the text that . From the text we know that is most likely . When the writer talks about , what the writer really means is . The writer suggests that . The story implies that . We can infer conclude from the passage that . 這類題干中通常含有infer, suggest, imply, conclude等標(biāo)志性詞語。一、如何推斷

3、隱含意義2.技巧點(diǎn)撥1).全面分析 2).忠實(shí)原文3).不要選擇表層信息Did you ever hear a strange sound coming from the wall? Did it sound like a clock? If so, it may have been made by a beetle. Long ago people thought the ticking meant that someone was about to die. Thus the beetle is called the deathwatch beetle. （1分鐘） The sound o

4、f this beetle _.A. pleased people. B. surprised people. C. frightened people. D. excited people.3.Practice:1(passage1) Several different bison species have lived on the North American continent since the Ice Age; today only two exist. The wood bison is the larger of the two, and is now found mostly

5、in western Canada. Better known in the United States is the Plains bison, or buffalo. At one time, herds of these animals could be sighed almost everywhere from the Appalachian Mountains in the East to the Rocky Mountains in the West. The author implies that several types of bison_. A. live outside

6、the United Stated and Canada B. are well adapted to swampy terrain C. existed before the Ice Age D. have been killed or have died out2P32. It is fun to turn over a big rock on the beach. Make sure you turn the rock back to the position it was in after you moved it. If you dont turn it back over, all

7、 the sea animals under it or clinging to（依附）the underside will die. The passage implies that rocks _. hurt sea animals protect sea animalsC. wont be found on beaches D. cant be found on beachesPractice2The passage suggests that when the writer moved into the apartment, it was _. A. very cleanB. just

8、 cleaned by the landlordC. tidy and comfortableD. dirty and full of insectsOne day a man walked a pet shop and said to the shopassistant，“I need two small mice and about five dozenroaches（蟑螂） and two spiders（蜘蛛）.”“What do youneed these things for?” the shop assistant was verysurprised.“Well，”replied

9、 the man，“Im moving out ofmy apartment and the landlord insists that I should leavethe house in exactly the same condition as I found it.”Practice 3 5. What can we know from the last paragraph? A. Mary feels pity for herself. B. Mary has recovered from her disease. C. Mary wants to help others as mu

10、ch as possible. DMary determines to go back to the dance floor.Although her disease has affected her eyesight and forcedher to the sidelines of the dance floor，she refuses to fallinto selfpity. “Everybody on earth can ask，whyme？about something or other，”she insists. “It doesntdo any good. No one is

11、immune (免疫的) to heartachepain，and disappointments. Sometimes we can makethings better by helping others. Ive come to realize theimportance of that as Ive grown up this second time. Iwant to speak out and be as helpful as I can be.”高考鏈接-2010湖南卷4 What can we infer from the last sentence of the text ?A

12、. Happiness comes from peaceful life in the countryB.Health is more important than moneyC.The harmony between man and nature is important D. Good old days will never be forgottenThen the people realized what was happening. It was thefrog. They hadnt been useless.They had been doing animportant job-e

13、ating insects. Now with so many frogskilled, the insects were increasing more rapidly. They weredamaging the crops and spreading diseases. Now, the peaple are still poor.But in the evenings they sitin the village square and listen to sounds of insects andfrogs.These sounds of the night now have a mu

14、ch deepermeaning . 高考鏈接-2010遼寧卷5topic sentence二、如何推斷作者觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度： 說明文中作者的態(tài)度: objective neutral （ 中立的）；在議論文中，有：(1)positive (積極的) (2)negative(3)neutral (中立的) (4)approval (5) disapproval(6) indifferent(7)sarcastic （諷刺的） (8)critical (批評的) (9)optimistic (10)pessimistic客觀的消極的漠不關(guān)心的(贊成的)不贊成的樂觀的悲觀的1. Question for

15、ms:The writers attitude toward is_.The writer thought that_.According to the author _.2.技巧點(diǎn)撥注意作者表達(dá)感情色彩的形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞及所舉的例子，才能推斷出作者的弦外之音。 What is the authors attitude towards the moderntechnology? A. Critical B. Objective. C. Optimistic. D. Negative.There was a time when some peoples lives were devotedsi

16、mply to the cultivation of the land or the care of cattle.No multi-tasking there; their lives went on at a muchgentler pace, and in a familiar pattern. There is much thatwe might envy about a way of life like this. Yet before wedo so, we must think of the hard tasks our ancestors faced;they farmed w

17、ith bare hands, often lived close to hunger,and had to fashion tools from wood and stone. Modernmachinery has freed people from that primitive existence. 高考鏈接-2010江西卷6Passage 5.（江西卷）Just as crying can be healthy, not cryingholding back tears of anger, pain or sufferingcan be bad for physical(身體的) he

18、alth. Studies have shown that too much control of emotions can lead to high blood pressure, heart problems and some other illnesses. If you have a health problem, doctors will certainly not ask you to cry. But when you feel like crying, dont fight it. Its a naturaland healthyemotional response(反應(yīng)).

19、（2分鐘）According to the author, which of the following statements is true?A. Crying is the best way to get help from others.B. Fighting back tears may cause some health problems.C. We will never know our deep feelings unless we cry.D. We must cry if we want to reduce pressure.3Passage6. Around the wor

20、ld more and more people are taking part in dangerous sports and activities. Of course, there have always been people who have looked for adventure- those who have climbed the highest mountains, traveled into unknown parts of the world or sailed in small boats across the greatest oceans. Now, however

21、, there are people who look for an immediate excitement from a risky activity, which may only last a few minutes or even seconds. I would consider bungee jumping（蹦極跳）to be a good example of such an activity. You jump from a high place (perhaps a bridge or a hot air balloon) 200 meters above the grou

22、nd with an elastic（有彈性的）rope tied to your ankles. You fall at up to 150 kilometers an hour until the rope stops you from hitting the ground. It is said that about 2 million people around the world have now tried bungee jumping. Other activities which most people would say as risky as bungee jumping

23、include jumping from tall buildings and diving into the sea from the top of high cliffs. 4 Why do people take part in such activities as these? Some psychologists（心理學(xué)家）suggest that it is because life in modern societies has become safe and boring. Not very long ago, peoples lives were constantly in

24、danger. They had to go out and hunt for food, diseases could not easily be cured and life was a continuous battle for survival（生存）. Nowadays, according to many people, life offers little excitement. They live and work in comparatively safe conditions; they buy food in shops; and there are doctors an

25、d hospitals to look after them if they become ill. The answer for some of these people is to look for danger in activities such as bungee jumping. （5分鐘）The writer of the text has a _ attitude（態(tài)度）towards dangerous sports.A. positive（肯定的） B. negative（否定的） C. neutral （中立的） D. nervous三、如何推斷寫作目的 1. Quest

26、ion forms:(1) 考查整篇文章的寫作目的A. The writers purpose of writing this passage is to _.B. What is the purpose of writing this article?C. In writing the passage, the author intends to _.(2) 考查某處細(xì)節(jié)的寫作意圖A. The writer uses the example ofto show that _.B. The writer uses the two questions at the beginning of th

27、e passage to _.C. are mentioned in the first paragraph to _. 2. 常見的寫作目的歸納不同的文章可能有不同的寫作目的, 但寫作目的通常有以下三種：(1) to entertain readers（娛樂讀者，讓人發(fā)笑）(2) to persuade readers（說服讀者接受某種觀點(diǎn)）(3) to inform readers（告知讀者某些信息）常見于故事類的文章。to make people laugh; to tell an interesting experience常見于廣告類的文章。to sell a product or

28、a service; to attract more visitors / readers / audience多見于科普類新聞報(bào)道類文化類或社會類的文章.3. 技巧點(diǎn)撥 (1) 根據(jù)文體類別推斷寫作目的(2) 從寫作手法來推斷寫作目的Passage7. “Have you ever been out on a boat and felt it lifted up by a wave? Or have you jumped in the water and felt the rush of energy as waves came over you?” asked Jamie Taylor o

29、f the Wave Energy Group at the University of Edinburgh. “There is certainly a lot of energy in waves,” he said. （1.5分鐘）The writer uses the two questions at the beginning of the passage to _. A. test the readers knowledge about waves B. draw the readers attention to the topic C. show Jamie Taylors im

30、portance D. invite the readers to answer them5 The Cost of Higher EducationMany people believe that higher education should be freebecause it is good for the economy (經(jīng)濟(jì)). Many graduatesclearly do contribute to national wealth, but so do all thebusinesses that invest (投資)and create jobs. If you beli

31、evethat the government should pay for higher educationbecause graduates are economically productive, youshould also believe that the government should pay part ofbusiness costs. Anyone promising to create jobs shouldreceive a gift of capital from the government to invest. Therefore, it is the indivi

32、dual, not the government, whoshould pay for their university education. 高考鏈接-2010北京卷The author mentions businesses in Paragraph 5 in order to _. Aargue against free university education Bcall on them to finance students studies Cencourage graduates to go into business Dshow their contribution to hig

33、her education8Passage8 A young man from a village called Nawalapitiya married a young woman from Maliyuwa, a nearby village. They lived with the mans big family-his parents, his brothers, their wives and children. The family kept an elephant, in which the young woman soon took a great interest. Ever

34、y day she fed it with fruit and sugar. Three months later the woman went back to her parents home, having quarreled with her husband. Soon the elephant refused to eat or work. It appeared to be ill and heart-broken. One morning after several weeks the animal disappeared from the house. It went to th

35、e womans home. On seeing her, the elephant waved its trunk and touched her with it. The young woman was so moved by the act of the animal that she returned to her husbands home. （3分鐘） The writer wrote the story in order to_. A. show that elephants are very clever B. tell how a woman trained a wild a

36、nimal C. show that women care more for animals than men do D. tell how an animal reunited a husband and wife61. Question forms:The passage is most likely to be taken from_.Where would this passage most probably appear?The passage is most likely a part of _.四、如何推斷文章出處2. 解題技巧這類問題應(yīng)從文章的內(nèi)容或結(jié)構(gòu)來判斷其出處：(1) 報(bào)

37、紙 (2)廣告 (3)產(chǎn)品說明： Passage9（全國卷）Do you always understand the directions on a bottle of medicine? Do you know what is meant by “Take only as directed?” Read the following directions and see if you understand them. To reduce pain, take two tablets(藥片) with water, followed by one tablet every eight hours

38、, as required. For night-time and early morning relief (緩解疼痛) take two tablets at bedtime. Do not take more than six tablets in twenty-four hours. For children six to twelve years old, give half the amount (量). For children under six years old, ask your doctors advice. Reduce the amount if you suffe

39、r from restlessness or sleeplessness after taking the medicine.This text is most probably taken from a _. （2分鐘） A. textbook B. newsreel C. doctors notebook D. bottle of medicine7Passage10 More than 30,000 drivers and front seat passengers are killed or seriously injured（受傷）each year. At a speed of o

40、nly 30 miles per hour it is the same as falling from a third floor window. Wearing a seat belt（安全帶）saves lives; it reduces your chance of death or serious injury by more than half. Therefore drivers or front seat passengers over 14 in most vehicles must wear a seat belt. If you do not, you could be

41、fined up to $ 50. It will not be up to the drivers to make sure you wear your belt. But it will be the drivers responsibility（責(zé)任）to make sure that children under 14 do not ride in the front unless they are wearing seat belt of some kind. However, you do not have to wear a seat belt if you are revers

42、ing（倒退）your vehicle or you are making a local delivery（發(fā)送）or collection using a special vehicle; or if you have a valid medical certificate which excuses you from wearing it. Make sure these circumstances（情形）apply to you before you decide not to wear your seat belt. Remember you may be taken to cour

43、t for not doing so, and you may be fined if you cannot prove to the court that you have been excused from wearing it. （3分鐘） This text is taken from _. A. a medical magazine B. a police report C. an advertisement（廣告）D. a government information booklet （小冊子）8More than 30,000 are killed or seriously in

44、jured（受傷）each year.you could be fined up to $ 50Remember you may be taken to court you may be fined a police report Dont wander aimlessly through life. Get confused onyour goals, start helping others in need, and live life to thefullest! Life is too short to be anything but happy. Visit myblog and find what youve been missing. Sigh up for my newsletter and get seven free eboo